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Cover Name, Cryptonym, CPUSA Party Name, Pseudonym, and Real Name Index

A Research Historian’s Working Reference

Compiled by John Earl Haynes

Revised February 2007

This index originated when Harvey Klehr and I were preparing our Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America.^[1] When in 1995 the National Security Agency began releasing the nearly 3,000 deciphered Venona messages no systematic index was supplied. In order to keep intellectual control over the messages, I constructed two data bases. One was a summary of the portions of each message relevant to our interest in Soviet espionage in the United States or Soviet espionage involving Americans in other nations. A second data base consisted of an index of the cover names, real names, agency and institutional names, and proper titles that occurred in the Venona messages, again those message relevant to our research focus.

To the cover name index I also added cover names, cryptonyms, and similar pseudonyms from other sources. The added names initially served as check on the reliability of the identifications provided by the NSA/FBI identifications provided in the NSA footnotes to the Venona messages. Many identifications in Venona are entirely clear and incontestable from the information provided the message. Others, however, are based on FBI investigations on who was where at a certain time and had access to what information and other investigatory evidence, and this background information is rarely obvious from the NSA/FBI footnote. In less obvious cases, when two or more independent sources identify the same cover name as that of the same real name, confidence in the identification increases. Further, the additional names sometimes provided real name identifications for cryptonyms that were unidentified in Venona and vice versa. When identifications differed it raised the question of which source was more likely accurate and how much weight should be given to the identification. I would add on the latter question, it is not a matter to simply comparing sources that provide cover name identifications but of also placing the identifications in the context of non-cryptographic evidence (memoirs, testimony, court evidence, congressional hearings, political history and so on) to reach a reasonable judgment about an identification. As time and resources allow, I will add additional names.

Anyone using the index should also keep in mind that cover names were changed from time-to-time and were later reused. Cryptonym “Sparrow” might designate John Smith in 1936 but designate Frank Jones in 1940. Further, a cover name might be used simultaneously on two different communications channels. “Sparrow” might designate John Smith on the 1944 KGB New York-Moscow communications line but designate Eduardo Sanchez on the KGB Mexico City-Moscow channel at the same time. Different KGB officers dealt with two channels and they would not have been confused. Consequently, different real names for the same cryptonym are not disagreements over identifications in these cases.

It is due to questions of the chronology of the use of a cryptonym, different agencies and communications channels, and other ambiguities that a researcher must check the source of a cover name and identification for the context. This index is a reference to take one to sources providing information about cover names and linking them to real names; it is not a source in itself and anyone with questions about the identifications should consult the sources.

Additionally, researchers should keep in mind the problem of translation of names from Russian or other languages. A Russian term used as a cover name might have several different possible meanings and be translated differently by various sources: example, the cryptonym “Gonets” used by the KGB was translated as “Express Messenger” by NSA/FBI but one could translate the term as “Runner.” Further, there are several different systems of rendering Russian into Latin alphabet English, and different sources might use variant systems. Variants of these types are nominal and substantively are identical.

The index proved a source for each entry in brackets. The largest number were drawn from the text or NSA/FBI footnotes to the Venona messages released by the National Security Agency. These are designated as [source Venona].

All sources:

[source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]^[2]

[source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]^[3]

[source Bentley FBI statement]^[4]

[source Chambers Witness]^[5]

[source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]^[6]

[source Damaskin Harris]^[7]

[source Feklisov Rosenbergs]^[8]

[source Klehr Haynes Firsov Secret World]^[9]

[source Schecter Sacred Secrets]^[10]

[source Stephenson Intrepid’s Last]^[11]

[source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]^[12]

[source Venona]: NSA/FBI footnotes to the Venona messages released by the National Security Agency as well as the Venona monographs prepared by Robert Louis Benson and other documents of the Venona project.^[13]

[source Weinstein Perjury 1997 ed.]^[14]

[source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]^[15]

[source West Venona]^[16]

Index

********************************

Numbered cover names

8th Department = address for informational (non-operational) cables (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

11 [agent - source eleven] source in State Department, 30s, [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

12 [agent - source twelve] (GRU line) [source Venona]

13 [agent - source thirteen] (GRU line) [source Venona]

13 [agent - source thirteen] = source in U.S. State department. [source Stephenson Intrepid’s Last]

16 [agent - source sixteen] (GRU line) [source Venona]

19 [agent - source nineteen] = unidentified, meets with FDR, Churchill, Hopkins at Trident conference (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

19 [agent - source nineteen] = Harry Hopkins at Trident conference [source Mark “Venona’s Source 19”]^[17] Mark also discusses Lord Beaverbook as a weak candidate for 19.

19 [agent - source nineteen] = Eduard Benes at Trident conference [source West Venona]

19 [agent - source nineteen] = Laurence Duggan in mid-1930s [source Weinstein Perjury 1997 ed.] [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

19 [agent - source nineteen] = Laurence Duggan at some unspecified earlier period [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

22 [agent - source twenty-two] = Cover name no. 22 twenty-two = Hogman, Captain. OSS (GRU line) [source Venona]

29 [agent - source twenty-nine ] = unidentified (1941 KGB) [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]

65 [agent - source sixty-five] (GRU line) [source Venona]

104 [agent - source 104] = Henry A. Wadleigh [Henry Julian Wadleigh] [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

105 [agent - source 105] = Henry Collins [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

107 [agent - source 107] = Felix Inslerman [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

101 [agent - source 101] = Peter MacLean [McLean?] [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

113 [agent - source 113] = Harry Rosenthal [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

114 [agent - source 114] = William W. Pigman [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

115 [agent - source 115] = Lester Humt? [unclear transliteration] [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

116 [agent - source 116] = Harry Azizov? [unclear transliteration] [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

118 [agent - source 118] = F. V. Reno [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

A-20 (U.S. aircraft)

A. = unidentified , courier [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

A. = Initial for unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

A [“A” AA] Technique = manufacture and provision of false papers (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

A Line = document forgery (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

A. Serov (ship) [source Venona]

A. Sovorov (ship) [source Venona]

Abbiate, Rolan = Vladimir Pravdin = Sergei [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Abel, Rudolph = William Fisher [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Abner Nash (ship) [source Venona]

Abraham = unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Abraham = Jack Soble [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Abram = Soble, Jack (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Abramov, Leonid Dmitrievich in U.S. from May 1940 to 31 July 1944, = Artek (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Abramovich, Rafael, president of Russian Social Democrats. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Abrams, director of Interchemical Corporation, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Abramvo, Aleksandr Stepanovich = Demid or Demidov

Abt, John, misspelled Amt (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Abt, John, probably Moris ( possibly Morris? ) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Academy of Sciences

Accion Catolica [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Accion Nacional [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Acheson, Dean (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Achievement = unidentified [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Achievement = KGB operation involving Mexico, probably attempt to gain release of Trotsky’s assassin. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Achilles = Akhil = unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]

Acorn = Taylor, William H. [source West Venona]

Acorn = Zholud = Gold, Bela (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Acorn = Bela Gold [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

Acorn = Bela Gold [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Acquaintance (Znakomyj) = unidentified [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Actor = American source in Trotskyist movement, visited Mexico [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Ada = Zenejdas Gomez, Adelina [possibly an early error for Kitty Harris?] [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Ada = Harris, Kitty (KGB U.S. & Mexico City line) [source Venona]

Ada = Kitty Harris from 1938+ [source Damaskin Harris]

Ada = Lowry, Helen [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Adam = Rebecca Getzoff (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Adam = Eva Getsov [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Adam = Shiskin, Mikhail F. (U.K. line) [source West Venona]

Adams, W.W. Astronomer, Pasadena (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aden = source of the Volunteers network [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Aden = unidentifed source at Hanford recruited by Ted Hall, married to Anta [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]

Aden or Alen (Allen) = unidentified Perseus recruit of a couple at Hanford in Washngton, contact with Oldtimer [source Kern afterward, Chikov] [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Adler = (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Adler, Friedrich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Adler, Solomon = Sax [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Advokat (Lawyer) = Hiss, Alger [source Chambers Witness]

Aesculapius [Eskulap] = unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]

Afanasev, Major (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Afanasev (on ship Litke) = Chuzhin, Ivan Afanasevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Afanasev, Viktor Vasilevich, director of the fifth line for the West Coast, 1945 = Sergej in 1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Africa = Maria de la Sierra [Fisher network, KGB post WWII] [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]

Ageev, Aleksej Prokhorovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Aguilar, Attorney General [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Aguirre, Francisco (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Aguirre, Osmin Col., provisional president of El Salvador [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Agwi Prince (ship) [source Venona]

Aida = Kitty Harris [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]

Aida = Klo = Esther Trebach Rand (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aileron = D. Silverman [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

Aileron = Eleron = Silverman, Abraham George (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aileron = Silverman, David [presume this is error for Abraham George] [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Air or Vozdukh = Jet propulsion

Akhil = Achilles = unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]

Akhmed = Thrush = Dozd = unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Akhmerov, Iskhak = Bill = Bill Grenke [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]

Akhmerov, Iskhak = names William Greinke, Michael Adamec and Michael Green. [source Damaskin Harris]

Akhmerov, Iskhak = Yung in 1930s in U.S., = Albert inn WWII [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Akhmerov, Iskhak Abdulovich = Mer = Mayor = Albert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Akhmerov, Itzhak = Yung (1934), Bill (to Chambers), Mer, Albert, Michael Green [multiple sources] [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Akim = Sergej Grigorevich Lukianov [Lukyanov] = KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Akulin, NGRU, Washington = unidentified name da = unidentified name eighty-three, #83 [NGRU line] [source Venona]

Al = Alfred Slack, [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Al = in 596 KGB NY to Moscow, 1944, possibly Juan Garcia Reyes or Erich Lapins (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Al = Anatoly Veniaminovich Gorsky (aka Anatoly Borisovich Gromov) [source Bentley FBI statement]

Alafuzov, Rear-Admiral V. A. [NGRU line] [source Venona]

Alan = unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Alan = Bowen, Ralph, U.S. State Dept. and YCL (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Albarda, John Willem, of Dutch SDLP (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Albert = Akhmerov, I. A. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona] [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”] [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Albert = fictitious source of Leo in DOS 1934 [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Alek = Allan Nunn May, Canadian line, (codenamed Primrose by British security) [source West Venona][source Stephenson Intrepid’s Last]

Aleksandr = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aleksandr Nevskij (ship) [source Venona]

Aleksandrov = unidentified cover name, possibly used in White emigre work (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aleksandrov [Aleksandr] in Moscow = Fitin [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Aleksandrov’s daughter = unidentified cover name, considered for use against FBI (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aleksey see Alexsey

Alekseev, Bella (Bela?) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Alekseev, Vasilij Mikhailovich = Znamenskij (on Soviet ship)

Alekseeva, Lyudmila Nikolaevna = Osa = Wasp (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aleksei [Aleksej] [Alexey] [Alexsey] = Anatoly Antonovich Yakovlev [Anatoly A. Yatskov] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona] [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”] [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies] [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Aleksevyv = Aleksandr Sakharovsky [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Alen (Allen) (Aden) or = unidentified Perseus recruit of a (couple) at Hanford in Washngton, contact with Oldtimer [source Kern afterward, Chikov] [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Ales = Hiss, Alger (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Ales = Hiss, Alger [Mark “Venona’s’ ‘Ales’”]^[18]

Ales = Hiss, Alger [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Aleut (ship) [source Venona]

Alex = Belyaev, A.I., Major General, Chairman of the SPPC in DC [source Venona]

Alex = unidentified, GRU, probably Belyaev [source Venona]

Alexander = Semyon [Simon] Kremer, GRU, Soviet Embassy, London, 1941 [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Alexander = Barch = Kremer, Simon (U.K. line)

Alexander = Kremer, Semyon Davidovich, a GRU officer in U.K. and Fuchs controller [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]

Alexander = Vinogradov, Boris [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Alexander (Aleksandr) = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Alexandrov (Aleksandrov) = unidentified cover name, possibly used in White emigre work (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Alexandrov’s (Aleksandrov’s) daughter = unidentified cover name, considered for use against FBI (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Alexey = Yatskov aka Yakovlev [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]

Alexsey = Anatoly Yatskov [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Alexis, Patriarch (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Alfredo = Stanislav Vaupshasov (1899-1976), chief Soviet adviser to the Spanish. [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Alikhashkina, Aleksandr Egorovna, Soviet at Plant (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Aliksij, Archbishop = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Alim = U.S. Ambassador to Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

All Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries = VOLKS Vsesoyuznoe Obshchestovo Dlya Kulturnoj Svyazi s Zabranitsej [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Allen = unidentified, in London? [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Allen (Alen) (Aden) = unidentified Perseus recruit of a (couple) at Hanford in Washngton, contact with Oldtimer [source Kern afterward, Chikov] [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Allen in Moscow [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]

Alma = Levanas, Leo (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Alma Ata (ship)

Alpinists = Americans (KGB late 1940s) [source Weinstein Haunted Wood Haunted Wood]

Altman = Barna Bukov = Jerome [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

Altman, Israel = Morris Cohen [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies] [Relevant document in THE SECRET WORLD]

Altshuler, Lydia = Lydia [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

America First Committee

American Automobile Association

American Committee of Jewish Writers, Artists and Scientists

American Packer (ship) [source Venona]

Americo Almeida, Jose (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]

Amerikantsev (ship),

Amor = Nelken Mansberger de Paul, Margarita [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Ampere = redacted [Ampere = Roy] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona] [The Gorsky memo’s identification of Cora as Emma Phillips also suggests identification of Ampere / Roy who is identified as Cora’s husband.]

Amt = misspelling of Abt, John J. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Amur = Cupid = unidentified = Zhannet = Jeannette (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Amur = Robert Sheldon Harte [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]

Anchor = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Anda or Anta = unidentified Perseus recruit or a couple at Hanford in Washngton, contact with Oldtimer [source Kern afterward, Chikov] [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Anderson, C.D., physicist Pasadena (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Anderson, Clinton, secretary of Agriculture (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Andreev = unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Andreev [unidentified] [NGRU line] [source Venona]

Andrej = unidentified in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Andrej = unidentified in New York (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Andrey = Byelorussian or Polish emigrant in OSS working for KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]

An...el or Ans...el [unidentified] [NGRU line] [source Venona]

Angelitas = unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Anikeev, Lt. Nicholas Michael, U.S. Navy interpreter [NGRU line] [source Venona]

Anisimov (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Anita = unidentified [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Anita = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Anita = unidentified cover name (U.K. line) [source West Venona]

Anna = Margaret Browder [source Damaskin Harris]

Announcer (radio-announcer) = William Donovan

Ant = Heineman, Kristal Fuchs, sister of Klaus Fuchs (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Ant = Heineman, Kristal Fuchs [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Anta = unidentifed source at Hanford recruited by Ted Hall, married to Aden [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]

Anta or Anda = unidentified Perseus recruit or a couple at Hanford in Washngton, contact with Oldtimer [source Kern afterward, Chikov] [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Antelope code name for radar source New York KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]

Antenna = Julius Rosenberg (KGB U.S. line) [source Feklisov ]

Antenna = Julius Rosenberg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Antenna = Julius Rosenberg [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Antic, Anti (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Antic’, Ante Anton [source Venona]

Anton = Francisco Anton [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Anton = Garcia Reyes, Jose [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Anton = Leonid Kvasnikov (1905-1993) [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Anton = Leonid Kvasnikov, engineer with Amtorg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Anton = Leonid R. Kvasnikov [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]

Anton = Leonid Kvasnikov [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Anton = unidentified [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Anton (Pav) = in 596 KGB NY to Moscow, 1944, possibly Juan Reyes or Erich Lapins (Anton may be Mexico City cover name and Pav is his NY cover name) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Antonov (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Antonov = Pyotr Fedotov, deputy chairman of Information Committee. 1948 [source Chikov Stalin’s Atomic Spies]

Anwar, Mohammed [RTsKhIDNI document on him] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Apor, Baron Gavor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Apparatus = apparat = unidentified, may just be KGB jargon (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Apresyan, Stepan = Mai [source Feklisov ]

Apresyan, Stepan Zakharovich Soviet Vice-Consul N.Y. February 44 to March 45 = Maj [May]

Apresyana, Aleksandra Grigorevna = Zoya (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Apteka = Drugstore = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arancibia Laso, Hector [KGB Mexico City line] [source Venona]

Archimedes = KGB officer in U.S. 1935 [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Arena = Gerald Graze [source Vassiliev “Gorsky Memo”]

Arena = Mary Wolfe Price (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arena = source in Civil Service Commission and U.S. Navy [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood unidentified in published book but identified as Gerald Graze in corrected proof]

Arenal, Captain Alberto (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arenal, Luis = Rafail (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arfar = unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Argot = Hemingway, Ernest [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]

Argun (ship) [source Venona]

Aristides = unidentified, Argentinian, 30 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arkhangelsk (ship) [source Venona]

Arktika (ship)

Arkus = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Armor = Bronya = redacted employee at Bell Aircraft, Buffalo. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Armour, Lester (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Armour, U.S. Ambassador (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Army General Staff = unrecovered (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arnautov, Victor Michael (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]

Arno = Harry Gold after May 1944 [source Feklisov]

Arno = Harry Gold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]

Arno = Harry Gold [source Weinstein and Vassiliev Haunted Wood ]

Arnold = Arnol = Fakir = unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]