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Cover
Name, Cryptonym, Pseudonym, and Real Name Index
A
Research Historian’s Working Reference
Compiled by John Earl Haynes
updated
April 2009
This index originated when Harvey
Klehr and I were preparing our Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America.[1] When in 1995 the National Security Agency began
releasing the nearly 3,000 deciphered Venona messages no systematic index was
supplied. In order to keep intellectual
control over the messages, I constructed two data bases. One was a summary of the portions of each
message relevant to our interest in Soviet espionage in the United States or
Soviet espionage involving Americans in other nations. A second data base consisted of an index of
the cover names, real names, agency and institutional names, and proper titles
that occurred in the Venona messages, again those message relevant to our
research focus.
To the cover name index I also added
cover names, cryptonyms, and similar pseudonyms from other sources. The added names initially served as check on
the reliability of the identifications provided by the NSA/FBI identifications
provided in the NSA footnotes to the Venona messages. Many identifications in Venona are entirely clear and
incontestable from the information provided the message. Others, however, are based on FBI
investigations on who was where at a certain time and had access to what
information and other investigatory evidence, and this background information
is rarely obvious from the NSA/FBI footnote.
In less obvious cases, when two or more independent sources identify the
same cover name as that of the same real name, confidence in the identification
increases. Further, the additional
names sometimes provided real name identifications for cryptonyms that were
unidentified in Venona and vice versa.
When identifications differed it raised the question of which source was
more likely accurate and how much weight should be given to the
identification. I would add on the
latter question, it is not a matter to simply comparing sources that provide
cover name identifications but of also placing the identifications in the
context of non-cryptographic evidence (memoirs, testimony, court evidence,
congressional hearings, political history and so on) to reach a reasonable
judgment about an identification. As
time and resources allow, I will add additional names.
Users should keep in mind that this
index was created to assist my own research work and, consequently, reflects my
own priorities, habits, and concerns.
Entries may contain what amount to notes to myself and may not contain
information that is sufficiently familiar to me that I saw no need to note
it. It also evolved over time and it
the product of two major and several minor research projects, and entries
created for one project reflected what was important at that time. Consequently there is considerable
inconsistency in formatting and in substance.
Anyone using the index should also
keep in mind that cover names were changed from time-to-time and were later
reused. Cryptonym “Sparrow” might
designate John Smith in 1936 but designate Frank Jones in 1940. Further, a cover name might be used
simultaneously on two different communications channels. “Sparrow” might designate John Smith on the
1944 KGB New York-Moscow communications line but designate Eduardo Sanchez on
the KGB Mexico City-Moscow channel at the same time. Different KGB officers dealt with two channels and they would not
have been confused. Consequently,
different real names for the same cryptonym are not disagreements over
identifications in these cases.
It is due to questions of the
chronology of the use of a cryptonym, different agencies and communications
channels, and other ambiguities that a researcher must check the source of a
cover name and identification for the context.
This index is a reference to take one to sources providing information
about cover names and linking them to real names; it is not a source in itself
and anyone with questions about the identifications should consult the sources.
Additionally, researchers should
keep in mind the problem of translation of names from Russian or other
languages. A Russian term used as a
cover name might have several different possible meanings and be translated
differently by various sources: example, the cryptonym “Gonets” used by the KGB
was translated as “Express Messenger” by NSA/FBI but one could translate the
term as “Runner”. Further, there are
several different systems of rendering Russian into Latin alphabet English, and
different sources might use variant systems.
Variants of these types are nominal and substantively are
identical.
In 2009 I combined the original
index with the concordance I created when working with Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks in preparation for writing Spies: the Rise and Fall of the KGB in
America (coauthored by Harvey Klehr and Alexander Vassiliev).[2] In order to conform to conventions Vassiliev
used in his notebooks and for certain other technical reasons, the conventions
in that concordance differed from those used in the earlier Venona oriented
index. For example cover names in the
Vassiliev notebook concordance were in double quotation marks whereas in the
earlier index they were not.
Consequently there is inconsistency in conventions used for entries in
this combined index as well as repetition of some entries. In as much as it was created to assist my
research, the inconsistencies do not confuse me, but a casual researcher should
keep the inconsistencies in mind.
Entries from the Vassiliev notebook
concordance also have other characteristics: Transliterated Russian cover names
and titles are in Bold using the BGN/PCGN system for transliterating
Russian from the Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet. The BGN/PCGN system is
relatively intuitive for anglophones to read and pronounce and is familiar to
many American readers because it is used by major publications. In many
publications a simplified form of the system is used to render English versions
of Russian names, typically converting ë to yo and simplifying -iy
and -yy endings to -y.
That convention will be used here.
The Cyrillic soft sign ь is represented by a single
straight quote mark, ' and the soft sign ъ by a double
straight quote mark, ".
If
the transliterated Russian is then translated, the entry will say “See ‘###’”
as in:
“Betti” (cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Betty”.
If
the transliterated Russian is not further translated, the entry will proceed
normally with the initial cover name in Bold as in:
“Frank” (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer 1933-1935.
To
avoid confusion, some names and titles that have well established Latin
alphabet spellings under different transliteration systems are spelled in
accordance with the their predominance in the literature. For example, “Grigory Kheifets” rather than
“Grigory Kheyfets” as called for by BGN/PCGN.
In the case of Venona, a project
that spanned 1943-1980 and involved many different translators, several
different transliterations systems were used.
Consequently, some of the transliterations in Venona differ from
the BGN/PCGN transliterations used for
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
A question mark, “?” in a name entry
indicates that a part of the name is missing.
For example, the entry “Allakhverdov, ?”, indicates that Allakhverdov’s
given name is unknown or uncertain.
************************************************************************************
Many entries note a source for the
subject of the entry. The two principle
sources are the text or NSA/FBI footnotes to the Soviet KGB and GRU messages
deciphered by the Venona project and released by the National Security Agency,
designated as [source Venona][3] and from Alexander Vassiliev’s notes of KGB
archival documents, designated as (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks) or a
variant of that. Other sources are also
used:
[source
Albright Kunstel Bombshell][4]
[source
Andrew Mitrokhin Sword][5]
[source
Bentley FBI statement][6]
[source
Chambers Witness][7]
[source
Damaskin Harris][8]
[source
Feklisov Rosenbergs][9]
[source
Klehr Haynes Firsov Secret World][10]
[source
Schecter Sacred Secrets][11]
[source
Weinstein Perjury 1997 ed.][12]
[source
West Venona][13]
Index
********************************
Numbered
cover names
“10”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ludwig Lore. Lore is not directly named in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks, but all of the particulars of “10” (also known
as “Leo”), his journalistic work and the trajectory of his journalistic
commentary on Soviet matters in the 1930s, fit Lore. In addition, Whittaker Chambers described his own contacts with
Lore and comments of Soviet intelligence officers about Lore that fit with the
description of “Leo” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. Further, Julius Kobyakov, retired senior KGB
officer, identified “Leo”/“10” as Lore in 2004.[14]
“101st”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Peter MacLean.
“101-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “101st”
“103rd”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): David Carpenter.
“103-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “103rd”
“104th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Henry Wadleigh.
“104-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “104st”.
“105th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Henry Collins.
“105-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “105st”.
“107th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Felix Inslerman.
“107-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “107st”.
“11”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent at the
State Department, subsource of “10”/“Leo”.
Likely David A. Salmon. Also
known as “Willy”.
“113th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Rosenthal,.
“113-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “113st”.
“114th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Ward Pigman.
“114-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “114st”.
“115th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lester Hutm.
“115-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “115st”.
“116th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Azizov.
“116-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “116st”.
“118th”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): F. V. Reno.
“118-y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “118st”.
12
[agent - source twelve] (GRU line) [source Venona]
“12”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent at the
State Department, subsource of “10”/“Leo”.
Judged by KGB to be a fake source invented by “10”/“Leo” to gain more
financial benefits from KGB by pocketing the subsidy paid to “12”. Also known as “Daniel”.
“13”
[agent - source thirteen] (GRU line) [source Venona]
“13”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1930s.
“14”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1930s.
“142”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Akets.
“147”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Allen (also known as George
Parker).
16
[agent - source sixteen] (GRU line) [source Venona]
“17”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Noel Field, mid-1930s.
“18”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet source/agent, 1930s. Also known as
“John”. “18”/“John’s” activities suggest John Spivak as a likely candidate.
19
[agent - source nineteen] = unidentified, meets with FDR, Churchill,
Hopkins at Trident conference (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“19”
[agent - source nineteen]: Harry Hopkins at Trident conference [source Mark
“Venona’s Source 19”][15]
Mark also discusses Lord Beaverbook as a weak candidate for 19.
“19”
[agent - source nineteen]: Eduard Benes at Trident conference [source West Venona]
“19”
[agent - source nineteen]: Laurence Duggan in mid-1930s [source Andrew Mitrokhin
Sword]
“19”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Laurence Duggan starting in 1935, and
appearing as Duggan as late as August 1944.
In the Venona decryptions “19” appears as an unidentified source of
diplomatic information in a 1943 report from Iskhak Akhmerov. Andrew and Mitrokhin identified “19” as
Duggan.[16]
“22”
[agent - source twenty-two]: Cover name no. 22 twenty-two =
Hogman, Captain. OSS (GRU line)
[source Venona]
“24”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent,
1937.
“29”
[agent - source twenty-nine ] =
unidentified (1941 KGB) [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“65”
[agent - source sixty-five] (GRU line) [source Venona]
8th
Department: address for informational (non-operational) cables (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
XXA
A.
[aa]: unidentified , courier (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
A.
[aa]: Initial for unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
A
[“A” aa] Technique = manufacture and provision of false papers
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
A
Group: Section of KGB in 1947 described as dealing with violent tasks.
A.
[aa](initial): for Anglia, i.e. England in Russian.
A
Line: document forgery (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
A.
Serov (ship) [source Venona]
A.
Sovorov (ship) [source Venona]
A-20
(U.S. aircraft)
“A/214”
[a214](cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Marianov.
AAC:
Army Air Corps, U.S.
AAF:
Army Air Force, U.S.
Aarons,
L.A.: Described as Treasury Department representatives in London, 1944. Possibly an error for Lehman C. Aarons,
Treasury Department assistant general counsel.
Abakumov,
Viktor Semenovich: Senior KGB officer.
Abbiate,
Rolan: Vladimir Pravdin: Sergei [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Abel,
?: KGB agent slated for infiltration into Germany via the battle front, late
1941.
Abel,
Rudolph: pseudonym for William Fisher
Abner
Nas (ship) [source Venona]
“Abraham”
(unidentified name): (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Abram”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Jack Soble prior to September 1944 (with
occasional use thereafter into the 1950s).
“Abram” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Soble.[17]
“Abram”
(cover name): Soble, Jack (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Abramov,
?: Described as Comintern official and an “enemy of the people”. Likely Jacob Mirov-Abramov, former chief of
Comintern OMS executed in 1937 in Stalin’s Terror.
Abramov,
Leonid Dmitrievich in U.S. from May 1940 to 31 July 1944,: Artek (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Abramovich,
Rafael, president of Russian Social Democrats. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Abramov-Mirov,
Jacob: Variant name in the literature for Jacob Mirov-Abramov.
Abrams,
director of Interchemical Corporation,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Abramvo,
Aleksandr Stepanovich: “Demid” or “Demidov”
Abt,
John, misspelled Amt (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Abt,
John, probably Moris ( possibly Morris? ) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Abt,
John: Soviet intelligence contact/informant.
Labor lawyers and secret CPUSA member.
Identified by Chambers as a member of the original “Ware group” covert
CPUSA unit. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list
of those identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were
espionage risks. Brother of Marion
Bachrach. Elizabeth Bentley identified Abt as having been the link between the
Perlo espionage group and Earl Browder before she took over its
supervision. Abt appeared in a Venona
decryption under his real name in connection with Bentley’s takeover of the
Perlo group, although his name was misspelled as “Amt”. It also appears in the notebooks with the misspelling
“Ant” as well as correctly spelled as “Abt”.[18] Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bat”.
“Academic”
[Akademich] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): A 1948 cover name with
unclear meaning, possibly Communist activity or espionage work.
Academic
Council of the Joint Institute on Nuclear Research.
Academy
of Sciences
Accion
Catolica (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Accion
Nacional (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Acheson,
Dean (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Achievement
” (cover name): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Achievement”
(cover name): KGB operation involving Mexico, probably attempt to gain release
of Trotsky’s assassin. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Achilles”
(cover name): unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Achilles”
[Akhill] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Karl Dunts.
“Acorn”
(cover name): Taylor, William H. [source West Venona]
“Acorn”
(cover name): Gold, Bela (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Acorn”
[Zholud'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bela (William) Gold. “Acorn” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Gold.[19]
ACP:
American Communist Party.
“Acquaintance”
(Znakomyj) (cover name): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Active
measures (tradecraft term): Aktivakhi – aktivnye meropriyatiya. Described actions taken to plant
disinformation in the mainstream press and media via ostensibly non-Communist
or neutral sources.
“Actor”
[Akter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Member of the Socialist Party, source on Trotskyist
movement in 1937, visited Trotsky in Mexico.
“Ada”
(cover name): Zenejdas Gomez, Adelina [possibly an early error for Kitty
Harris?] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Ada”
(cover name): Harris, Kitty (KGB U.S. & Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Ada”
(cover name): Kitty Harris from 1938+ [source Damaskin Harris]
“Ada”
(cover name): Lowry, Helen [source
Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Adam”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Eva Getsov. (Alternative translations: Getzov, Getzoff) “Adam” was identified in the Venona
decryptions for 1944 and 1945 messages as Rebecca Getzoff.[20] While it seems likely, it is not firmly
established that Eva Getsov and Rebecca Getzoff are the same person. “Adam” as a cover name for “Eva” Getzov
looks like a KGB play on words (“Adam” and “Eve”).
“Adam”
(cover name): Rebecca Getzoff (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Adam”
(cover name): Shiskin, Mikhail F. (U.K. line) [source West Venona]
“Adams”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet agent, referred to as
a liaison/courier agent in 1942. Likely
a garble for “Adam”.
Adams,
Arthur: Soviet intelligence officer, GRU.
Adams,
James Truslow: Well-known American historian to whom Josephine Truslow Adams
claimed family connections.
Adams,
Josephine Truslow: Secret Communist, occasional correspondent with Eleanor
Roosevelt who fraudulently presented herself to Earl Browder as an intimate
friend of Eleanor and Franklin Roosevelt.
Adams,
W.W. Astronomer, Pasadena (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Addis,
Thomas: Physician at Stanford Medical School and a CPUSA activist.
“Aden”
(cover name): source of the Volunteers network [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Aden”
(cover name): unidentifed source at Hanford recruited by Ted Hall, married to
Anta [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
“Adjutant”
[Ad''yutant] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Herbert Gaston,
circa 1944.
ADL:
Anti-Defamation League
“Adler”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent/officer Berlin,
1950.
“Adler”
(cover name): (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Adler,
Andrew H.: Writer for Film Daily.
Adler,
Friedrich (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Adler,
Solomon: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Treasury Department official and Soviet intelligence source/agent. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those
identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage
risks. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley
as part of the Silvermaster espionage group.[21] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Hello” (prior to 1941), “Sachs” (1941-1945).
ADN:
Allgemeiner Deutscher Nachrichtendienst (General German News Service) state
news agency for the German Democratic Republic.
“Advokat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Attorney”.
“Advokat”
(“Lawyer”) (cover name): Hiss, Alger [source Chambers Witness]
“Ad''yutant”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Adjutant”.
“Aesculapius”
[Eskulap] (cover name): unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Af.:
Possibly the Soviet intelligence officer Boris Morris identified as Afanasy
Efimov.
Afanasev,
Major (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Afanasev
(on ship Litke): Chuzhin, Ivan Afanasevich
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Afanasev,
Viktor Vasilevich, director of the fifth line for the West Coast, 1945: Sergej
[Sergey] in 1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Africa”
(cover name): Maria de la Sierra [Fisher network, KGB post WWII] [source
Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Agabekov,
Grigory: Defecting OGPU officer who published Ch. K. za rabotoi [The Cheka
at Work] in 1931. The name
sometimes appears in English as Georges or Georgy Agabekov.[22]
Agayant,
I.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center.
Ageev,
Aleksej [Aleksey] Prokhorovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Ager,
?: Described as director of Jack Soble’s factory near Paris, 1952.
“Agnes”
[Agnessoy] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. References to in 1948.
“Agnessoy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Agnes”.
Agranov,
Yakov Samuilovich: Senior KGB officer who supervised key parts of Stalin’s
Terror who was himself executed in 1938.
Agricultural
Adjustment Administrations, U.S. (AAA).
Agricultural
Commission in NY: Likely a reference to a CPUSA committee that dealt with
agricultural policy matters.
Agriculture,
Department of, U.S.
Aguilar,
Attorney General (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Aguirre,
Francisco (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Aguirre,
Osmin Col., provisional president of El Salvador (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Agwi
Prince (ship) [source Venona]
“Aida”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, prior to September 1944.
Likely Esther Trebach Rand.
“Aida” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Rand.[23]
“Aida”
(cover name): Kitty Harris [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Aida”
(cover name): (also “Klo” (cover
name)): Esther Trebach Rand (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Aileron”
(cover name): “Eleron” (cover name): Silverman, Abraham George (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Aileron”
[Eleron] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Abraham George
Silverman. “Aileron” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Abraham George Silverman.[24]
“Air”
[Vozdukh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Espionage project
targeting jet engines and jet propelled aircraft.
“Aiva”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1950 on Mid-East / Israeli matters.
“Akademich” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Academic”.
Akets,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Described as reserve lieutenant of Army Intelligence Corps, early
1930s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “142” (“Sh-142”).
“Akhil”
(cover name): “Achilles” (cover name): unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Akhill”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Achilles”.
“Akhmed”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, cover name Thrush prior to September 1944. “Akhmed” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[25]
“Akhmed”
(cover name): Thrush” (cover name): Dozd” (cover name): unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Akhmerov,
Iskhak: names William Greinke, Michael Adamec and Michael Green. [source
Damaskin Harris]
Akhmerov,
Iskhak: “Yung” in 1930s in U.S.,: “Albert” in WWII [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Akhmerov,
Iskhak: Bill: Bill Grenke [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Akhmerov,
Iskhak Abdulovich: KGB illegal officer.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Jung” (1930s), “Mer” (1942-1944),
“Albert” (starting August 1944), “Gold” (not used in the U.S. but used in a KGB
book about Akhmerov that described some of his American activities). Pseudonyms Bill, Will, Michael Green,
Alexander Hansen, Karl. Identified in
the Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence officer.[26]
Akhmerov,
Iskhak Abdulovich: “Mer” “Mayor” and “Albert”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Akhmerov,
Itzhak: “Yung” (1934), Bill (to Chambers), “Mer”, “Albert”, Michael Green
[multiple sources]
Akhmerova,
?: See Lowry, Helen.
“Akim”
(cover name): Sergej [Sergey] Grigorevich Lukianov [Lukyanov]. KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Akkord”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chord”.
“Akr”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as working in the same section of OSS as Donald Wheeler
in 1945. In 1948 described as involved
in “(private public relations and scientific book publishing company)”.
Also appears as “Akra”.
“Akra”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Akr”.
Aksenov,
N. IA.: Soviet intelligence officer.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Semen” in 1954.
“Akta”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Angela Tuckett. References to in 1950. Contact of Klaus Fuchs in Britain, early
1940s.
“Akter”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Actor”.
Aktivakhi (tradecraft term): See Active measures.
Akulin,
NGRU, Washington: unidentified name eighty-three, #83 (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Akulov,
Ivan: KGB officer, Moscow Center.
“Al”
(cover name or work name): possibily Alexander Korotkov.
“Al”
(cover name): Anatoly Veniaminovich Gorsky (aka Anatoly Borisovich Gromov)
[source Bentley FBI statement]
“Al”
(cover name): in 596 KGB NY to Moscow, 1944, possibly Juan Garcia Reyes or
Erich Lapins (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Alafuzov,
Rear-Admiral V. A. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Alan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mikhail Korneev, KGB officer.
“Alan”
(cover name): Bowen, Ralph, U.S. State Dept. and YCL (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Alan”
(cover name): unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Alba,
Duke of: Jacobo Maria del Pilar Carlos Manuel Fitz-James Stuart. A Spanish monarchist who represented
Franco’s government in London in WWII but who had a uneasy relationship with
General Franco.
Albam,
Jacob: KGB officer/agent. Part of the Soble network. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Belov”.
Albarda,
John Willem, of Dutch SDLP (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Albert”
[Al'bert] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Iskhak Abdulovich
Akhmerov beginning in August 1944, replacing “Mer”. “Albert” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Akhmerov.[27] “Albert” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Akhmerov.
“Al'bert”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Albert”.
“Albert”
(cover name): Akhmerov, I. A. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona] [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
“Albert”
[Al'bert] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified New York
Police source of 10 / “Leo”. Judged by
KGB to be a fake source. References to
in 1934.
Albuquerque,
NM: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sernovodsk”.
Alco
company. Described as a company
producing perfumes.
Al-drich
(garbled name): Described as a State Department official in the “Trade
Division” in 1938, possibly a garble for the name Aldrich.
Aldrich:
see Al-drich.
“Alek”
(cover name): Allan Nunn May, Canadian line, (codenamed Primrose by British
security) [source West Venona]
“Aleksandr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Alexander”.
“Aleksandr”
(cover name): unidentified cover name
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Aleksandr
Nevskij (ship) [source Venona]
“Aleksandrov”
(cover name): unidentified cover name, possibly used in White emigre work (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Aleksandrov,
Petr Vsevolodovich: Friend of “Negro” and V.S. Rykov.
“Aleksandrov’s”
daughter: unidentified cover name, considered for use against FBI (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Aleksandrova:
Daughter of the sister of Varvara Hamer.
Alekseev,
Bella (Bela?) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Alekseev,
Vasilij [Vasily] Mikhailovich:
Znamenskij (on Soviet ship)
Alekseeva,
Lyudmila Nikolaevna: “Osa” or “Wasp”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Aleksei”
[“Aleksey”] Anatoly Antonovich Yakovlev
[Anatoly A. Yatskov] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Aleksei:
See Aleksey
Aleksej:
See Aleksey
“Aleksey”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Anatoly Antonovich Yatskov (also used the
pseudonym Anatoly Antonovich Yakovlev).
(Alternative translation: Aleksej, Alexey, Alexsei) “Aleksey” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Yatskov/Yakovlev.
“Aleksey"
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer Moscow center, 1937.
“Aleksey
Afanasyevich” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB liaison with Armand V.
Hammer in the USSR, 1953.
Aleksey
see Alexsey
“Ales”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence (GRU) source,
1945. Alger Hiss. “Ales” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as likely Alger Hiss.[28]
“Ales”
(cover name): Hiss, Alger (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ales”
(cover name): Hiss, Alger [Mark “Venona’s’ ‘Ales’”][29]
Aleut
(ship) [source Venona]
“Alex”
(cover name): Belyaev, A.I., Major General, Chairman of the SPPC in DC [source Venona]
“Alex”
(cover name): unidentified, GRU, probably Belyaev [source Venona]
“Alex:
Work name Name by which Julius
Rosenberg knew Alexander Feklisov.
“Alexander”
[Aleksandr] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Leopol Arenal. “Alexander” appears in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified cover name associated with Central and South
American matters and, and Arenal would be a candidate for this Alexander.[30]
“Alexander”
[Aleksandr] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Vinogradov.
“Alexander”
(cover name): Barch” (cover name): Kremer, Simon (U.K. line) [source Venona]
“Alexander”
(cover name): Kremer, Semyon Davidovich, a GRU officer in U.K. and Fuchs
controller [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Alexander,
?: Described as a senior U.S. State Department official, 1939.
Alexander,
Albert V.: Minister of Defense in the postwar British Labour government.
“Alexander
(Aleksandr)” (cover name): unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Alexander,
James [source Venona}
“Alexandrov”
(“Aleksandrov”)” (cover name): unidentified cover name, possibly used in White
emigre work (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Alexandrov’s”
(“Aleksandrov’s”) daughter” (cover name): unidentified cover name, considered
for use against FBI (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Alexei:
See Aleksey.
“Alexey”
(cover name): Yatskov aka Yakovlev [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Alexey:
See Aleksey.
Alexis,
Patriarch (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Algazi,
Olga: Described as ghost writer for Cardinal Spellman.
“Ali”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Portnov.
Alikhashkina,
Aleksandr Egorovna, Soviet at Plant (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Aliksij,
Archbishop: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Alim”
(cover name): U.S. Ambassador to Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
All
Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries: VOLKS Vsesoyuznoe
Obshchestovo Dlya Kulturnoj Svyazi s Zabranitsej (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
All-Agency
Committee on Post-War Plans: Not clear what specific U.S. agency is being
referenced. There were a variety of
‘committees on post-war plans’ created with similar names.
Allakhverdov,
?: KGB officer, Moscow Center, 1944.
“Allen”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Legal KGB 1945 London, possibly Vladimir
Barkovsky.
“Allen”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer 1953.
Allen,
George: Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs, 1948.
“Allen”
in Moscow [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Allen,
James S.: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
CPUSA cadre and journalist.
James S. Allen was the adopted name of Solomon Auerbach. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Jack”.
Allen,
Robert Sharon.: Soviet intelligence source.
Well known journalist in Washington, 1930s-50s. Also known as George Parker. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “147”, “Sh-147”.
Allied
Military Occupation Administration
“Allo”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hello”.
All-Union
Association of the Oil and Gas Industry (Soyuzneft): Soviet agency.
All-Union
Society for Cultural Relations (VOKS): Soviet agency that oversaw international
cultural contacts and exchanges.
“Alma”
(cover name): Levanas, Leo (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Alma
Ata (ship)
ALP:
American Labor party.
Alphand,
Charles: French ambassador to the USSR, 1930s.
“Alpinists”
[Al'pinisty] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Americans, post WWII.
“Al'pinisty”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Alpinists”. (Alternative
translation: Mountain Climbers)
Alsberg,
Henry: American writer and prominent left-liberal, 1920s and 1930s.
Alsop,
Joseph: Influential journalist and columnist.
Altman,
Israel: Morris Cohen [Relevant document in THE SECRET WORLD]
Altman:
see Boris Bukov.
Altshuler,
Lydia: Lydia (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Alvensleben,
Werner von: German businessman and conservative political figure, 1920s.
Amderutra:
Amtorg’s shipping and dispatch office.
Amer.
Code Division: A 1950 reference, likely to the Armed Forces Security Agency,
chief American cryptologic agency and predecessor to the National Security
Agency.
Amer.
Comparty: American Communist Party.
Amerasia: Left-wing journal involved in theft of classified
U.S. government documents in 1945.[31]
America: magazine.
America
First Committee
“American”
[Amerikanets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ruth Boerger.
American
Automobile Association
American
Bureau of Investigation: Error for Federal Bureau of Investigation.
American
Christian Union.
American
Committee of Jewish Writers, Artists and Scientists
American
Labor Party (ALP): Liberal-left ‘third’ party in New York, under covert
Communist control by early 1940s.
American
Labour Party: see American Labor Party.
American
League Against War and Fascism: Communist controlled Popular Front body, 1930s.
American
Lurgy Corporation: Described as front for German intelligence.
American
Military Government of Occupied Territories: AMGOT.
American
Packer (ship) [source Venona]
American
Relief Administration: American private charity organized by Herbert Hoover to
relieve the famine in Soviet Russia, 1921-1923.
American
Rubber Corporation.
American
Schering Co.: Medical/pharmaceuticals firm.
American-Russian
Trade and Engineering Consultants (Amrusco): a firm run by Vasily Delgass and
his associates.
Americans
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): “Townsmen”, “Townspeople”, circa 1944.
“Alpinists”, post-WWII and “Brumians”, 1950.
Americans
for Haganah.
Americo
Almeida, Jose (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Amerikanets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “American”.
Amerikanskaya
Tekhnika: Amtorg publication.
Amerikantsev
(ship),
Ames,
Edward: American diplomat, U.S. Embassy in Moscow, 1942-1945. Married to Russian Varvara Vassilievna
Evstratova.
AMGOT:
American Military Government of Occupied Territories.
“Ami”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Joseph Davies, circa 1944.
“Amigo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent, likely
Alfred Tanz.
Amkino:
Soviet agency that distributed Soviet motion picture films in the United
States. Succeeded by Artkino Pictures,
Inc.
Amkniga:
Official book-distributing agency in the U.S. for the Soviet state publishing
house.
Amminger,
?: Described as a Reichswehr office who died in the USSR circa 1930.
“Amor”
(cover name): Nelken Mansberger de Paul, Margarita (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Amper”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): See “Ampere”.
“Ampere”
(cover name): redacted [“Ampere” changed to “Roy”] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona].
“Ampere”
[Amper] (cover name in the Venona decryptions): “Ampere” does not occur
in Vassiliev’s notebooks but is in the Venona decryptions. Venona indicates “Ampere” was married to
“Cora”, “Cora” is identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Emma Phillips,
consequently, “Ampere” was Emma Phillips’ husband.[32]
Amrusco:
American-Russian Trade and Engineering Consultants.
Amsterdam
Conference: Organized by S. J. Rutgers on instructions of the Comintern to
assist in coordination the new Western European Communist parties.
Amsterdam-Pleyel
movement: Press and informal term for the World Committee for the Fight Against
Imperialist War and Fascism that met first in Amsterdam and later issued a
major appeal from the Salle Pleyel in Paris.
Amt:
misspelling of Abt, John J. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Amtorg:
Amerikanskaia torgovaia kompaniia – American Trading Company: Soviet
import-export agency in the United States.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Factory”.
“Amur”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cupid”.
“Amur”
(cover name), changed to “Cupid” (cover name) changed to “Zhannet” / “Jeannette” unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Amur”
(cover name): Robert Sheldon Harte [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
A.N.: Akademia Nauk: Academy of Sciences.
AN
USSR: Akademia Nauk: Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
AN/APN-12:
American military airborne interrogation and rendezvous device.
AN/APS-1:
American military airborne radar searching, mapping and bombing device.
AN/APS-12:
American military airborne fire control radar.
AN/APS-2:
American military radar bombsight.
“Anatoli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Anatoly”.
“Anatoly”
[Anatoli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB
officer/agent Berlin 1950.
“Anchor”
(cover name): unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
AN/CPQ-1:
American military radar proximity fuse.
AN-CRT-4:
American military radio transmitting equipment.
Anderson,
?: FBI source claimed by Samuel Dickstein in 1939.
Anderson,
C.D., physicist Pasadena (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Anderson,
Clinton, secretary of Agriculture (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Anderson,
H.L.: Senior scientist involved with construction of the first nuclear reactor
at the Manhattan atomic project facility at the University of Chicago.
“Andi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Andy”.
“Andreev”
(cover name): unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Andreev:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Andrey:
see Andrey
“Andrej”
[“Andrey”] (cover name): unidentified in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Andrej”
[“Andrey”] (cover name): unidentified in New York (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Andrews,
Bert: Washington reporter.
“Andrey”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed KGB officer/agent. References to in 1934.
“Andrey”
(cover name): Byelorussian or Polish emigrant in OSS working for KGB [source
Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Andy”
[Andi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified outgoing GRU
station chief 1945.
An...el
or Ans...el: unidentified (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“Angel”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Tamara Ullman-Pogorelskaya.
“Angelitas”
(cover name): unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Anglo-Persian
Oil.
“Angora”
[Angore] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): United States of America,
1930s.
“Angore”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Angora”.
Anikeev,
Lt. Nicholas Michael, U.S. Navy interpreter (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Anikiyev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Anilobyednineniye: State Association of Aniline and Ink Factories.
“Anisimov”
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Anita
” (cover name): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Anita”
(cover name): unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Anita”
(cover name): unidentified cover name (U.K. line) [source West Venona]
“Anna”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence agent, a
Volga German trained for dropping behind German lines in the USSR in 1941.
“Anna”
(cover name): Margaret Browder [source Damaskin Harris]
“Announcer”
[Diktor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Donovan.
“Announcer
(radio-announcer) = William Donovan
“Ant”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mrs. Kristel Fuchs Heineman. “Ant” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Kristel Fuchs Heineman.
“Ant”
(cover name): Heineman, Kristal Fuchs, sister of Klaus Fuchs (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ant,
John: Misspelling for John Abt.
“Anta”
(cover name): unidentifed source at Hanford recruited by Ted Hall, married to
“Aden” [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
“Antelope”
code name for radar source New York KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Antenna”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Julius Rosenberg prior to September
1944. “Antenna” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Julius Rosenberg.[33]
“Antenna”
(cover name): Julius Rosenberg (KGB U.S. line) [source Feklisov ]
“Antenna”
(cover name): Julius Rosenberg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Anthony
(Given name used as a cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Likely Anthony
Blunt. U.K. cover name of KGB
agent/contact with relationship to Michael Straight, 1937-1939.
“Antic,
Anti (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Antic’,
Ante Anton [source Venona]
Anti-Defamation
League: (organization, institution).
Ameican Jewish organization.
Anti-Trust
Division, U.S. Department of Justice.
“Anton”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Leonid Kvasnikov, KGB officer. “Anton” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Kvasnikov.
“Anton”
(cover name): Francisco Anton (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Anton”
(cover name): Garcia Reyes, Jose (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Anton”
(cover name): Leonid Kvasnikov, engineer with Amtorg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Anton”
(cover name): Leonid R. Kvasnikov [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Anton”
(cover name): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Anton
(Pav)” (cover name): in 596 KGB NY to Moscow, 1944, possibly Juan Reyes or
Erich Lapins (Anton may be Mexico City cover name and Pav is his NY cover
name) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Antonoff,
N. C.: See N.C. Antonov.
“Antonov (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Antonov,
N.C.: Former employee of Amtrog oil department, 1930. Also known as N.C. Antonoff.
Anwar,
Mohammed [RTsKhIDNI document on him] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Anya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified international courier for
illegal station, 30s. References to in
1934, 1938.
AOMOS
or A.O.M.O.S.: Administrative Department of the Militia of Moscow Oblast.
Apor,
Baron Gavor (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Apparatus”
(cover name): apparat” (cover name): unidentified, may just be KGB jargon (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Apresyan,
Stepan: Mai [source Feklisov ]
Apresyan,
Stepan Zakharovich: Soviet intelligence officer. Acting chief of KGB station in New York in 1944 and chief of the
San Francisco station in 1945. Apresyan
was identified in the Venona decryptions as a KGB officer with the cover name
“May”. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “May”.
Apresyan,
Stepan Zakharovich Soviet Vice-Consul N.Y. February 44 to March 45: Maj [May]
Apresyana,
Aleksandra Grigorevna: Zoya (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Apriyevsky,
Petr: member of the USSR Osoaviakhim, 1932.
“Apteka”
(cover name): Drugstore” (cover name): unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
ARA:
American Relief Administration
Aragon,
Louis: French poet and Communist.
Aralov,
Simon I.: Senior GRU officer, 1920s, 1930s.
Arancibia
Laso, Hector (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Arch”
[Duga] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Frank Ullman.
Archibald,
E.W.: Described as an official of the State Department. Suspected of being a fake name in a
fraudulent document.
“Archimedes”
[Arkhimed] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer
in U.S., 1935.
Arcos:
Soviet foreign trade agency in the United Kingdom.
Arcos-America:
predecessor to Amtorg.
“Arena”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Gerald Graze, 1943-1945.[34]
“Arena”
(cover name): Mary Wolfe Price (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Arenal,
Captain Alberto (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Arenal,
Leopol [Leopolo]: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Mexican Communist. Leopol
Arenal helped to organize and participated in an armed assault on the Mexican
home of Leon Trotsky, the exiled Soviet leader, in 1940. Elizabeth Bentley identified Leopol Arenal
as one of Jacob Golos’s secret correspondence through a mail drop via his
sister-in-law Rose Arenal. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Alexander”.[35]
Arenal,
Luis: Rafail (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Arenal,
Rose: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Elizabeth Bentley identified Rose Arenal as a mail drop used by Jacob
Golos to remain in contact with covert American and Mexican Communist in
Mexico, chiefly engaged in anti-Trotsky operations.[36]
“Arfar”
(cover name): unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Argentina:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Rio”
“Argo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ernest Hemingway.
Argun
(ship) [source Venona]
“Aristides”
(cover name): unidentified, Argentinian, 30 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Arkady”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent,
Vienna KGB station, 1954.
Arkhangelsk (ship) [source Venona]
“Arkhimed”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Archimedes”.
“Arkhip”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer, 1934, likely in Berlin.
Arktika
(ship)
“Arkus”
(cover name): unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Arma
Engineering: Machine and tool company in New York.
Armasha:
Diminutive form of Armand.
“Armor”
(cover name): Bronya” (cover name): redacted employee at Bell Aircraft,
Buffalo. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Armor”
[Bronya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harold Smeltzer starting
in October 1944. A technical intelligence source at Bell aircraft. References
to in 1945. “Armor” (earlier “Stamp”)
was identified in the Venona decryptions as a redacted name for a source at
Bell Aircraft in New York.[37]
Armour,
Lester (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Armour,
U.S. Ambassador (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Army
General Staff: unrecovered (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Army
Security Agency, U.S.: Chief U.S. cryptologic service. Successor to Army
Signals Intelligence Service and predecessor to the National Security Agency.
Arnall,
Ellis: Democratic Governor of Georgia, 1943-1947.
Arnaud:
see Arno
Arnautov,
Victor Michael (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Arno”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Gold, October 1944 to 1950.
“Arno” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Harry Gold.[38]
“Arno”
(cover name): Harry Gold after May 1944 [source Feklisov]
“Arno”
(cover name) (also translated as “Arnaud” and “Arnold”: Harry Gold (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Arnol'd”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): See “Arnold”.
“Arnold”
(cover name): “Arnol” (cover name): Fakir” (cover name): unidentified cover
name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Arnold”
[Arnol'd] (cover name in the Venona decryptions): Andrew Steiger. “Arnold” does not appear in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks but “Fakir” appears as is identified as Andrew
Steiger. In the Venona decryptions,
“Fakir” was unidentified but indicates that the cover name was changed to
“Arno” in October 1944.[39]
Aronberg,
Mrs. Philip (real name).
Aronberg,
Philip: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Veteran CPUSA cadre. GRU agent
Nicholas Dozenberg stated that he had recruited Philip Aronberg for GRU
assignments and a 1942 KGB document in the Comintern archives indicates he had
a connection with KGB.[40]
Aronoff,
Edwin: Described as a lawyer and secret Communist whom Browder consulted in
1945.
Aronovich,
??: Described as an employee in the visa section of the American embassy in
Paris.
“Arrow”
(cover name): Strela” (cover name): unidentified cover name [linked to
Carpatho-Russians] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Arrow:
See Strela.
“Arsen”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, Communist, technical intelligence 1942. Associated with Julius Rosenberg.
“Arsenal”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. War Department. “Arsenal” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as the U.S. War Department.
“Arsenij”
[“Arseny”] (cover name): “Arsenius”: Andrej [Andrey] Ivanovich Shevchenko,
Soviet representative at Bell Aircraft
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Arseny”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer. “Arseny” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as KGB officer Andrey Ivanovich Shevchenko. Shevchenko may be the pseudonym used the in
the U.S. by KGB officer Andrey Ivanovich Raina.
“Art”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Koral beginning in September
1944. “Art” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Helen Koral.[41]
“Art”
(cover name): Koral, Helen [Aleksander Koral in one note] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Artek”
(cover name): Abramov, Leonid Dmitrievich
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Artem”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): A. Slavyagin, KGB officer. “Artem” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as likely the cover name of either G. N. Ogloblin or M.N. Khvostov,
two young Soviet diplomatic staff.
Those latter two names may be pseudonyms, and A. Slavyagin identified in
Vassiliev’s notebooks as “Artem” may be the real name of one of the former.
“Artem”
(cover name): Artonius” (cover name): Soviet KGB students: G. N. Ogloblin or
M.N. Khvostov (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Artemenko,
Kozma Petrovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Artemis”
(cover name): KGB INO hq [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Arthur”
(cover name): Artur” (cover name): Iosif Grigulevich [source Schecter Sacred
Secrets]
“Arthur”
(cover name): Bisson, Thomas Arthur [BEW, IPR]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Arthur”
(cover name): Bisson, Thomas Arthur (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Arthur”
(cover name): see Artur
“Arthur”
See “Artur”
Arthur:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Artiksnab: Unidentified Soviet agency, 1933.
“Artist”
[Khudozhnik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Described as Jacob
Golos’s source at McClure’s Newspaper syndicate in 1939. Likely Elizabeth
Bentley.
Artkino
Pictures, Inc.: Soviet agency that distributed Soviet motion picture films in
the United States. Successor to Amkino.
“Artur”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Illegal operating in Mexico, 1941-1943,
with “Express Messenger” as one of his couriers. Likely Iosif R. Grigulevich.
References to in 1944 and 1947.
(Alternative translation: Arthur)
“Artur”) was identified in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified KGB
officer in Central and Sourth America and is linked to “Express Messenger.
“ Grigulevich is identified with the
cover name “Arthur” in the early 1940s when operating in Central and South
America in Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield and the
Schecters, Sacred Secrets. Robert
Louis Benson also concluded that the unidentified “Artur” cover name in the
Venona decryptions on several South American communications lines was
Grigulevich.[42]
“Artur”
(cover name): (Arthur) Grigulivich,
Iosif in South America in WWII,
(probably Venona Artur: Arthur) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Artur”
(cover name): Arthur” (cover name): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Artur”
(cover name): Arthur unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Artur”
(cover name): unidentified [U.K. line GRU] [source Venona]
Artuzov,
Artur Khristyanovich: Chief of INO OGPU, 1931-1935. Executed in Stalin’s Terror, 1937.
Arunah
Abel (ship) [source Venona]
Aseev,
Major Pavel Nikolaevich, Assistant Military Attache, DC [source Venona]
Ashkhabad
(ship) [source Venona]
Asimow,
Morris: source metallurgist for
Carnegie Illinois Steel for Chambers and Bykov network.[43]
Asimow,
Morris: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Asimow told the FBI that in the mid-1930s he was a metallurgist for
Carnegie Illinois Steel, a Chicago subsidiary of U.S. Steel, and he covertly
furnished Soviet agent William Crane with formula for making steel alloys.[44] Whittaker Chambers, without providing a
name, noted that Boris Bykov’s network included an industrial spy at the laboratory
of a Chicago steel firm. However,
Chambers did identify William Crane as part of his and Bykov’s apparatus. The FBI interviewed Crane, he cooperated in
part, and that let the FBI to Morris Asimow.
See Azizov, Harry.
Asmussar
(ship) [source Venona]
“Aspirant”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Graduate Student.”
Assembly
of International Student Organizations: Unclear what organization is
referenced.
ASSR: Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya
Respublika — Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
“Aster”
(cover name): Astra” (cover name): unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Astrologer”
[“Zvesdochet”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See T. Keith
Glennan.
“Ataman”
(cover name): Boleslaw K. Gebert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ataman”
(cover name): Pavlyuchenko (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
Atherton,
Ray: State Department official, 1944.
“Athlete”
[Atlet] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Agent or source circa
1948-49.
“Atkins:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Atlet”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Athlete”.
“Atom”
(cover name): unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 ?? (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Atomic
Energy Commission, U.S. (AEC).
“Attila”
(cover name in Venona): Likely Linn Farish.
“Attila”
(cover name): Farish, Linn Markley,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Attlee,
Clement: British Labour Party leader and Prime Minister in 1945.
“Attorney”
[Advokat] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, late 20s and deactivated early 30s.
Attwood,
Stephen S., Professor Wave Propagation Group, division of War Research Columbia
University (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Aubry,
Jacques (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Auchincloss,
Gordon (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Auchincloss,
John (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Aufha?user,
Siegfried: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Augur”
(cover name): Avgur” (cover name): unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“August”
[Avgust] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer. Likely Gavriil Panchenko. “August” is described as Julius Rosenberg’s
KGB control officer in the late 1940s.
Alexander Feklisov identifies Rosenberg’s case officer as Gabriel
(Gavriil) Panchenko.[45]
“Australian
Woman” (cover name): Mitynen, Francia Yakilnila aka Patterson, Edna Margaret
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Austria:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Zoniya”, 1950.
“Author”
[Avtor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1939-1941. Likely Corliss
Lamont. Author in 1939-41 was described
as “a millionaire. Chairman of the
Society of Friends of the Sov. Union.
Recruited in Moscow”. Corliss Lamont was a millionaire, chairman of the
Society of Friends of the Soviet Union, and had visited Moscow.
“Author”
[Avtor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Vladimir Borisovich
Morkovin in 1945. “Author” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Morkovin.
Avanesov,
V. (ship)
“Avangard”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Vanguard”.
Avdeyev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Averescu,
Alexander, Field Marshal, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Avgust”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “August”.
Avia
Corporation.
Aviakhim:
Soviet volunteer society that promoted aviation and chemical industries. Later merged with a military civil defense
organizatin, Oso, to form a broad civil defense organization – Osoavikhim.
“Aviator”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent reporting to the KGR San Francisco station, 1943. Context suggests a Soviet with some official
Soviet connection.
Avinavitsky,
?: Red Army general, chief of the War Academy of Chemical Defense in the 1930s,
executed in Stalin’s Terror.
Avtodor:
Early Soviet society promoting automobiles and roads.
“Avtor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Author”.
“Avtor”
(cover name): Author” (cover name): Morkovin, Vladimir Borisovich (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Azerbaijan:
Soviet tanker ship.
Azerbajdzhan,
ship (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Azizov,
Harry: Described as a former employee of a steel-smelting company in
Chicago. A December 1948 Gorsky memo
Chambers/Karl’s group name.[46] Chambers in Witness did not discuss a
Harry Azizov. However, see Asimow,
Morris. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “116th”.
Azneft: Soviet oil industry agency.
XXB
B.:
initial of redacted employee at Republic Aviation (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
B.: Initial of an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent in Mexico in 1950.
B.
(initial of a real name in the Venona decryptions): See Joseph Bauer.
B-25J
(U.S. aircraft)
B-29
(U.S. aircraft)
“Bab”
and Bab’s wife (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agents, references to in 1950.
“Bab”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Described as “A senator, vice chairman of
the Senate Finance Committee. Visited
the USSR”. References to in 1933 as
having been a circa-1928 contact via an questionable agent. Likely Senator William H. King (D. Utah),
who visited the USSR in 1923 and in 1933 was the ranking majority member of the
Senate Finance Committee. The Senate
Finance Committee, like other Senate committee, did not have a “vice-chairman”,
but the ranking majority member was the second ranking position after the
chairman. (Alternative translation: Bob).
“Bab”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): described in 1934 as employed by the
International Press Division of DOS.
(Alternative translation: Bob).
Babanov,
Captain [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Babcock,
E.B. biologist, CA,
Babievskij
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Babin
in Moscow [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Babin,
Thomas: Brem (GRU line and KGB Line) [source Venona]
Babushkov,
Soviet aviation worker (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Babylon”
San Francisco (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Babylon”
[Vavilon] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): San Francisco
“Bachelor”
[Kholostoy] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1934.
Described as technical source recruited in Germany, stopped cooperating
in U.S.
Bachrach,
Marion: Soviet intelligence source.
Secret Communist, John Abt’s sister.
Secretary to one term (1937-1938) U.S. Representative from Minnesota
John Bernard, a Farmer-Labor Party member aligned with the CPUSA (he formally
joined the CPUSA later in his life). On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those
identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage risks.
KGB sent the Comintern a vetting inquity about her in 1942, and received a
positive report.[47] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Reyna”.
“Back
Street” [Zakoulok] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): British
Foreign Office.
Badger,
E.B., and Sons: Major American construction company.
Badigin,
Captain (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Bagayev,
?: Described as an employee fired from Amtrog, 1930.
Bagdatiev,
Sergey: Bolshevik leader of Armenian background.
Bagratovich,
Arutyunov Nikolaj [Nikolay] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Bailey,
H.: Described as head of United Press in 1944.
Bailey,
Josiah, Senator (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bain,
G.W. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Baird,
Joseph (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bak”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): David Weintraub.
Baker,
Nicholas: Pseudonym used by Niels Bohr when visiting the Manhattan atomic
project.
Baker,
Oliver Edwin: leading authority agricultural geography, USDA.
Baker,
Rudy: Senior CPUSA cadre and head of its covert arm from 1938 until the end of
WWII. Baker appears in the Venona
decryptions under his Comintern cover name of
Son” [Syn] and is a likely candidate for the cover name Rudy” [Rudi]
in the GRU line.[48] Candidate for the cover name “Rudy”.
Bakhmetyev,
Boris Alexandrovich: Ambassador to the United States of the Russian Provisional
government, engineer and philanthropist.
Baklanov:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bal..”.
, possibly “Balloon”: Atomic bomb (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Balakirev,
Mily A.: Russian composer.
Balamut,
?: Golos recommended for recruitment on technical line in 1942.
Balasy,
Antal, a Hungarian diplomat, (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Bald
Mountain” [Lysaya Gora] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): The project
to investigate/cultivate Time magazine and its staff as an private
intelligence agency that could be infiltrated and used as a source.
Baldwin,
Calvin. B.: Assistant chair of CIO-PAC and former administrator of Farm
Security Administration. Secret
Communist.[49]
Baldwin,
Calvin Benham Beanie (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Baldwin,
military correspondent of NYT [source Venona]
Baldwin,
Roger: Leading figure in the American Civil Liberties Union.
Baliyev,
Nikita: Head of the cabaret-theater “The Bat”.
Balkhash
(ship) [source Venona]
Ball,
Joseph: U.S. Senator (R. MN, 1939-1948)
Ballenstedt,
George: Described as New York Police official involved in antiradical
activities.
“Ballona”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Balloon”.
“Balloon”
[Ballona] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Atomic bomb. A partially decoded cover name, “Bal...”,
appeared in the Venona decryptions that NSA/FBI judged from the context to
likely be “Balloon” and atomic bomb.
Ballot
(ship) [source Venona]
Baltenko,
Col,: Lanov: cipher officer, Moscow] [source Venona]
“Bank”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. State Department. “Bank” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as the State Department.
“Bank”:
U.S. State Department (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Banker,
Colonel of USAAF (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bankers”
[Bankiry] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): In 1939-1945 cover name
for project of cultivating Trotskyists.
“Bankiry”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bankers”.
“Bar”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Institution to which Charlie/Cedric
Belfrage was connected in 1943. Likely
the British SIS’s American arm, British Security Coordination. “Bar” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as British Security Coordination.
“Bar”:
British intelligence (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Barabanshchikov,
Major P.T., engineer in SGPC left U.S. in May 1943 [source Venona]
“Baranov”:
inidentified U.S. KGB line, (source Venona)
“Barash,
Vladimir”: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Barbo”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Barbot
or Barbeau, Lieutenant, (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Barcelo
Fere, Ricardo Jose (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Barch”:
Alexander: Kremer, Simon (U.K. line) [source Venona]
“Barcza,
Gyorgy von Naglyasony, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Barge”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
“Bark”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): CPUSA member used by Akhmerov to run a
restaurant in DC in 1942. “Bark”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified.[50]
“Bark”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bark:
See “Kora”.
Barkley,
Alben: U.S. Senator (D. Kentucky), later Vice-President of the United States.
Barkley,
Alvin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Barkov,
Peter Georgievich, employee of the Naval neighbors Naval GRU (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Barkov,
Yurij M., commercial officer, Vancouver, 44-45 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Barkovsky,
Vladimir B.: KGB officer in London, later at Moscow Center. Candidate for cover names “Allen” and
“Glan”.
Barnett,
A. G.: Described as an official of the Department of the Interior. Suspected of being a fake name in a
fraudulent document.
“Baron”:
Sedlacek, Karel (U.K. line, [West Venona])
Barr,
Joel: “Meter” also “Scout” (source
Venona)
Barr,
Joel: “Scout” also “Meter” [source
Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Barr,
Joel: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist, electrical engineer with Army Signal Corps
laboratories. Member of Julius
Rosenberg’s technical intelligence apparatus.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Secretly defected to the USSR when Julius
Rosenberg was arrested.[51] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Scout”
prior to September 1944, then “Meter”.
Barrios,
Mariano Carrasco, Chilean Lawyer, Chilean consulate in Paris, 1937, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Barromeo,
Tony: Recommended as candidate for KGB contact in 1949 by Martha Dodd.
Barron,
Victor: American Comintern agent who died after arrest in the failed Prestes
coup in Brazil.
Barrows,
Alice: Employee U.S. Office of Education from 1919 to 1942, staff CPUSA’s Abraham Lincoln School in 1944, and
in 1948 official of the Progressive Party.
In a 1945 Venona message KGB reported that she gave a source unspecified
information under unclear circumstances.
Invoked the fifth amendment to questions regarding CPUSA membership from
a congressional committee.[52]
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks “Young Woman”.
Barrows,
Alice, U.S. government employee, 1920-42, Abraham Lincoln School in Chicago in
1944. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bars”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Leopard”.
Baruch,
Bernard (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Baruch,
Bernard: Prominent American financial leader and influential public figure.
Baruch,
Herman: Brother of Bernard Baruch.
“Base”
[Baza] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Portnov’s house in
Philadelphia
Basedow’s
disease: A thyroid disorder better known in the U.S. as Graves disease.
“Basque
(Bask) ”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Bass”
/ “Bas”: Burd, Michael (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Bat”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): John Abt.
(Abt’s cover name appears to be an anagram of his real name.)
Bat,
The [Letuchaya Mysh]: Russian cabaret-theater (1918-1928) run by Nikita
Baliyev.
Batcheller,
Hiland G, Deputy chairman War Production Boarrd; (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Batchelor,
Highland G.: Described as vice chairman of operations at the WPB, 1945
Bates,
Bureau of standards (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bates,
Chemical Warfare Section of War Department (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Batrak”:
Farm hand: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Batt,
William Loren: Vice-Chairman of the U.S. War Production Board, 1941-1945,
specialized in industrial materials, machinery, and tools issues.
Batt,
William Loren (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Battagloa,
Ugo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Battering
Ram” [Taran] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified aviation
expert, target of recruitment visited USSR, 1937.
Battet,
Rear Admiral R.M.J.; (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Battle”:
See “Boy”.
Batumi
(ship)
“Bauer”:
Lieutenant Hein, Czech army in exile (U.K. line, [West Venona])
Bauer,
Joseph: Candidate for “Bugle”. Bauer
worked at Republic Aviation in New York at the time when “Bugle” was
active. A September 1944 KGB cable
stated that KGB source “Stamp”/Smeltzer (employed at Bell Aircraft) had
introduced “Arseny”/Shevchenko to “‘Stamp’s’ friend ‘B.’” (an initial of a real
name), who was identified as working at Republic Aviation. “B”. provided “Arseny” with information on
Republic Aviation’s work on the American version of the German V-1 ram jet
missile. The message also relates that
Julius Rosenberg provided information on the same project. FBI/NSA identified “B”. but redacted the
name (as it did for “Stamp” as well), likely indicating that when confronted,
“B”. had cooperated with FBI. In
reports on the Rosenberg case, the FBI asked David Greenglass about his
knowledge of Harold Smeltzer and Joseph Bauer and of possible Julius
Rosenberg’s contact with them. This
suggests that by that point the Venona message on “Stamp” and “Bugle” had been
broken, Smeltzer and Bauer identified, and FBI was checking with Gold to see if
he knew of any Rosenberg contact with them because of the common link over the
American V-1. This suggests that Bauer
is a candidate for the name behind the initial “B”. who later appears in the
Venona decryptions in November 1944 and in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks in
1945 with the cover name “Bugle”.[53]
Bayer,
Karl: Described as pro-Nazi German-American.
“Bayer,
Theodore, president of Russky Golos publishing Company”: Simon (GRU line)
[source Venona]
Bayer,
Theodore: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Senior CPUSA official. President of the CPUSA-aligned Russky Golos
Publishing Company and manager of Soviet Russia Today. Elizabeth Bentley
stated that Jacob Golos identified Bayer as a GRU source. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source for GRU (GRU cover name “Simon”).[54]
Baykin,
Rear-Admiral Alexander E.
“Baza”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Base”.
“Bazarov:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bazarov,
Boris: “Nord”, illegal NY, 1930s
[source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Bazarov,
Boris: KGB illegal station chief mid-30s.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Nord”.
Bazhin,
Evgenij Nikolaevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Beam”
[Luch]: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Beam,
Jacob: US State Department Chief, Division of Central European Affairs
(1947-49).
“Beam”
[Luch] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer,
1933-1934. Described as a medical
doctor working under Red Cross cover.
Likely Dr. Grigory Rabinovich, a KGB officer operating under Red Cross
cover who arrived in the U.S. in 1933.
“Beam”
[Luch] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Frank Oppenheimer in 1943.
“Beam”
[Luch] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1948.
“Beanco”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Bear”:
Medved: unidentified Republican party leader
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bear
Cubs” [Medvezhata] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Republicans
and Republican Party, circa 1944. “Bear
Cubs” were identified in the Venona decryptions as Republicans.
“Bear
Cubs”: Medvezhata: Repubican party (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bearing”:
Mechaev, Ivan Vasilevich (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
“Beaver,
L.D., Missouri (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Beaver-Cloth”
[Bobrik] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. First name William and worked for the Red Cross at
some point in 1942-1944. Appears to
have been a Communist recruited via CPUSA channels. “Beaver-Cloth” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an
unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1943.[55]
“Bebnostin”:
Belyakov (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Beck”
[Bek] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sergey Kurnakov starting in
September 1944. “Beck” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Kurnakov.[56]
Bedennyj
(ship)
Bederson,
Benjamin: Target of recruitment. Member
of the Army Special Engineer Detachment at Manhattan atomic project Los Alamos,
later a senior physicist. Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Wrench”.
Beecroft,
Eric Armour, a BEW official [source Venona]
Beer:
See “Bir”.
“Beetle
” (cover name): unidentified (KGB
Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Beetle”
[Zhuk] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, associated with the “Park and Davis” firm, an
unknown entify.
“Beginner”
[Novichok]: See “Novice”.
“Beigel,
Rose, former wife of Luis Arenal”: Roza
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Beiser,
George, Bell aircraft engineer. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bek”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Beck”.
“Beck”
(cover name): Sergey Kurnakov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Beker,
Johanna Koenen: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Daughter of the prominent German Communist William Koenen. After the Nazi seizure of power in Germany,
Johanna Beker moved to Moscow where she worked as a translator for American
businessmen. By her own testimony, she
was recruited by the KGB in 1937 to spy on visiting Americans and then sent to
the United States in 1939. KGB assigned
her to the network run by Jack Soble and Robert Soblen in 1942. She worked for Soblen as a courier and later
testified against him at his trial in 1961.
Candidate for cover names “Clemence” and “Lee”.[57]
“Belenkiy,
Aleksandr”: GE plant worker (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Belfrage,
Cedric”: Charlie [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Belfrage,
Cedric”: UCN/9 nine, of British Security Co-ordination office. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona] [UCN/9 is all prior to Oct 1943 using the code book that was
poorly broken. The unidentified Charlie
in Venona is November 1943 and later, all under the well broken code book. Possibly UCN/9 is simply Charlie in the
poorly broken code book]
Belfrage,
Cedric: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Officer of British Security Coordination Office. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of
her singleton espionage sources.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[58] Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a
Soviet source/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Charlie” in 1944.
Belgorod
(ship) [source Venona]
Belikov,
Aleksander Fedorovich, assistant Naval Attache DC May 1943 [Naval GRU line]
[source Venona]
Belikov
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Belinskij
(ship) [source Venona]
Belitsky,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Belka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Squirrel”.
“Belka”:
Squirrel: unidentified, may be Anne Sidorovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bell,
director of Bell aircraft (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bell,
Nancy, sister of Kitty Harris”: Push Button (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Bell
Telephone Laboratories: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Administration”.
Belogorod
(ship) [source Venona]
Belonyuk,
Grigorij (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Belov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Jacob Albam.
“Belov,
chief of Radio Department (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Bely
”: Russian for White, retired KGB asset West Coast [source Damaskin Harris]
“Belyaev,
A.I., Major General, Chairman of the SPPC in DC”: Alex [source Venona]
Belyaev:
Described as a French musical publishing form.
Belyaev,
Peter Aleksandrovich, inspector of Soviet Government Purchasing Commission at
aircraft plants: “Mikhajlov” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Belyaev,
Petr Aleksandrovich: Soviet intelligence officer, technical intelligence, 1943,
inspector of Soviet Government Purchasing Commission at aircraft plants and
identified as “Mikhailov” (as “Mikhajlov”)
in the Venona decryptions. Cover
name in Vassiliev notebooks: “Mikhailov”.
Belye (Russian political terminology): See Whites.
“Ben”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet station chief in San
Francisco, mid-30s.
“Ben”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified, known to Alexander Koral in
the 1930s, possibly associate of Rosenbliett network.
“Ben”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Bendix
corporation. Major aviation, electronics, and automotive parts supplier.
Bendix,
Vincent: Inventor and chief owner Bendix corporation.
Benes,
Bohus (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Benes,
Bohus: Soviet intelligence contact.
Czechoslovak government-in-exile consul, San Francisco. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Boss”.
Benes,
Eduard [Beneš, Eduard]: Leading figure of the Czechoslovak
government-in-exile. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Brother”.
Benes,
Edward, Eduard Benes / Beneš [West asserts Benes is agent nineteen 19, as is also
the view of Cecil Phillips and Lou Benson](KGB U.S. line
Benetskaya,
?: Described as an employee fired from Amtrog, 1930.
Bengz,
Grace Ellen: Contact of “Liberal” and “Grin”.
Benito
[Rodriguez Gutierrez, Benito] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Benjamin”:
Fedchenkoff, Metropolitan Benjamin J. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Benjamin,
David: party name of Ben Davidson [source Chambers Witness]
Benjamin
Dixon (ship) [source Venona]
Benson,
Elmer: Former U.S. senator and governor of Minnesota (Farmer-Labor) and head of
the National Citizens Political Action Committee.
Bentley,
Charles P.: Elizabeth Bentley’s father.
Bentley,
Edwin L.: Elizabeth Bentley’s paternal grandfather.
Bentley,
Elizabeth: Soviet intelligence agent.
Assistant and lover of Jacob Golos, liaison between CPUSA and Soviet
intelligence and creator of several espionage networks of covet Communists that
he linked to KGB. After Golos’ death
Bentley took over supervision of his networks until KGB took direct control in
1944. Defected 1945. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[59] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Artist” in 1939, “Clever Girl” (circa 1940 until August 1944), then “Myrna”.
“Bentley,
Elizabeth”: Good Girl Clever Girl Smart
Girl = Umnitsa: Myrna (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Benton,
William Burnett: U.S. Senator (D. CT, 1949-1953), Assistant Secretary of State,
1945-1947.
Benzherskiy,
Rudolf
Berard,
Armand: Senior French diplomat in Washington, 1945-1949.
Berdecio,
Marion Davis: Married name of Marion Davis.
See Marion Davis.
Berding,
Andrew: Senior OSS officer.
“Bereg”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Shore”.
“Bereg”
(cover name): Coast or Shore” (cover name): cover name for an unidentified
ministry (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Berestetskij
[unidentifed]
Berezin,
Col. Pavel F. Soviet attache for Air”: Orleans: [source Venona]
“Berg”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Koral. “Berg” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified but in
a context that suggests Alexander Koral.[60]
“Berg”
/ “Senor”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Berg”:
unidentified, apparently different person from one changed from “Senor” to
“Berg” in 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Berg,
Major [source Venona]
Berger,
?: Described as a contact of Martha Dodd in Berlin, possibly Gottlob Berger.
Berger,
Gottlob: Senior SS officer.
“Berger,
Harry (pseudonym): see Arthur Ewert.
Berger,
Jospeh Isadore”: U.S. delegate Reparations Commission, non de plum of Jeremiah
Digges, personal secretary of the chairman DNC, Hannegan, Robert E. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Berger,
Stanley: Soviet intelligence officer/agent, 1940.
“Beria,
Lavrentij Pavlovich”: Petrov (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Beria,
Lavrenty: Long-time Stalin associate.
Became chief of the NKVD in late 1938 and held the post until 1946. Stalin later gave Beria the additional duty
of supervising of the Soviet atomic bomb project as well as other important
wartime assignments. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Pavel” and “Petrov”.
Beriya: See Beria.
Berkey,
C., geologist NY, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Berkhahn,
Gunther J. F”.: Carlos (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Berkman,
Alexander: Leading American Anarchist (Russian-born) deported to Soviet Russia
in 1919, became highly critical of Soviet communism, and moved to Britain in
1921 and then to France.
Berlin, ?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent know to
Jacob Golos and later arrested in the purge of the security services. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Stark”.
Berlin,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Berman,
Boris: KGB officer, chief of the Berlin station in the early 1930s. Later an
aide to A.A. Slutsky. Murdered in
Stalin’s Terror.
Bernard,
Merrill [source Venona]
Bernaut,
Elsa: Reiss, Elsa, widow of Ignance Reiss (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Berne,
Paul”: Berney, Paul, miss translation of Paul Burns (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Berni”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Berny”.
Bernstein,
Bernard: Treasury Department official, Colonel, U.S. Army, and Financial
Adviser to General Dwight D. Eisenhower for Civil Affairs and Military
Government, 1942-45; Director, Finance Division and Division of Investigation
of Cartels and External Assets, U.S. Group Control Commission for Germany,
1944-45.
Bernstein,
Colonel Bernard, director Finance Division, U.S. Control Commission for
Germany, 1944-45, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Bernstein,
Joseph Milton: “Marquis” / “Markiz”:
(GRU line) [source Venona]
Bernstein,
Oscar: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Lawyer, used for organizing covers.
A 1948 Gorsky memo Chambers/Karl’s group name.[61] Chambers did not discuss Oscar Bernstein in Witness.
Bernstein,
Walter Sol [source Venona]
Bernsten,
Richard: Spelling error in the original for Bransten, Richard.
“Berny”
[Berni] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1945. Head
of an unidentified group. Possibly a
CPUSA apparatus.
Berny
(party name): Bernard Redmont.
Berry,
Edward, biologist Baltimore (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Berzin,
Yan Karlovich: founder and long-time chief of GRU. Executed in Stalin’s purge of the intelligence services in the
late 1930s.
Bethe,
Hans (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Betti”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Betty”.
“Betty”
[Betti] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Vasily Zarubin in 1935 and
later 1930s.
Beurton,
Ursula ((real name): Married name of Ursula Kuczynski.
Bevan,
Aneurin: British Labour Party politician prominent on the left wing of the
party.
Bevin,
Ernest: British Foreign Secretary, Labour government, 1945.
BEW:
Board of Economic Warfare, U.S.
BEW,
Bureau of Economic Warfare”: Warehouse: Sklad
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Beymut,
?: Described as a associate of Robert Oppenheimer and Ernest Lawrence. Appears to be a variant spelling of John
Veymut.
Bezrukov,
Nikon (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Biberman,
Herbert: Hollywood writer. Recommended
as candidate for KGB contact in 1949 by Martha Dodd.
“Biberovich,
Vladislav: “Zeus” [Ukrainian, naturalized Canadian, in Canadian war censorship
office] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bibi”:
redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Bidault,
Georges-Augustin: French political figure and head of three French governments,
1946-1950.
Biddle,
Francis, Attorney General, September 1941 to 30 June 1945 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Big
House”: C.I., Comintern: Bol’Shoj Dom (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Big
House”: KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Big
House” [Bol'shoy Dom] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Communist
International. “Big House” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as the Communist International.
“Big
Town” [Bolshoj Gorod] [Bolshoy Gorod] (cover name in Venona, Naval GRU
line 1943): Likely New York City
Bigelow,
E. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bill” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed KGB
officer/agent. References to in 1935.
“Bill”:
a Chambers’ Soviet intelligence contact (Chambers thought Estonian or Finn)
[source Chambers Witness]
“Bill”:
Iskhak Akhmerov [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Bill”:
Iskhak Akhmerov [source Bentley FBI statement]
“Bill
of Exchange” / “Veksel” / “Wechsel”: Oppenheimer, Julius Robert: (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Bill
(party name): William Browder.
“Bir”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alfred Slack starting in October
1944. (Alternative translation:
Beer) “Bir” (translated as “Beer”)
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, earlier “Ell”.[62]
“Bir”/ Beer also “Ell” unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bircanin
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Birg
[possibly Birge, Raymond Thayer, physicist, Berkeley.] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Birkin,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center
Biryuzov,
Sergey Semenovich: Senior Soviet general, 1945.
Bishon,
Charles (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bissell,
John T.: Senior U.S. Army counterintelligence officer.
Bisson,
Thomas Arthur (BEW, IPR, GRU line): “Arthur”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bitkin,
Anatolij [Anatoly] Nikolaevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Black”
/ “Edwards”: Gerhart Eisler, mid-30s Comintern pseudonym [source F. Firsov]
“Black”:
Black, Thomas Lessing, KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Black”
[Cherny] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Thomas Black prior to
October 1944. “Black” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Thomas Black.[63]
Black,
Hugo: Justice, U.S. Supreme Court.
Black,
Thomas Lessing: Soviet intelligence source/agent, technological line. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[64] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Black” [Cherny] (prior to October 1944), then “Peter”.
Black,
Thomas Lessing, chemist, Organics, Inc.: “Black” / “Peter” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Black”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Blair
& Co.: Described as American financial firm, 1927.
Baird,
W. J.: [source Venona]
Blaisdell,
Thomas: Described as the supervisor of Victor Perlo at the WPB.
“Blanco”
[Blanko] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, member of Julius Rosenberg’s technical intelligence
apparatus, 1943.
“Blanie,
Lacques (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Blank,
Jacques”: Jacques Blankart (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Blankart
& Co (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Blanko”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Blanco”.
“Blerio”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Stanislav Shumovsky, KGB officer, aviation
espionage. “Blerio” translated as
“Bleriot” was identified as Shumovsky in the Venona decryptions.[65]
“Bleriot”:
Stanaslav Shumovsky: KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Bleriot:
see “Blerio”
“Blin”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Pancake”.
“Blin”
or “Pancake” (cover name): Stone, Isidor Feinstein (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Blizky”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Near”.
“Block”
[Blok] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Stephen Urevich starting in
September 1944. “Block” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[66]
Block,
Louis: Secret Communist, staff of Social Security Board, friend of Gregory
Silvermaster in the 1930s.
“Blok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Block”.
“Blok
(cover name): “Block”; “Rybolov” /
“Osprey” or “Fisherman”; “Kin” or “Keen”; unidentified cover name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Bloom,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bloom,
Solomon: U.S. Representative (D. NY) 1923-1950.
Bloomfield,
Samuel, manager of the Progressive Book Shop in Washington (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Bluel,
Maurice (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Blue-Tit”
/ “Sinitsa”: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Blue
Tit” [Sinitsa] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Vladimir
Stepankowsky. “Blue Tit” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified
Soviet source whose activities were compatible with those of Stepankowsky.
Blum,
Leon: French socialist political leader, 1930s, prime minister of a popular
front government, 1936-1937.
Blumberg,
Albert: Chief of the CPUSA in Maryland and the District of Columbia.
Blunt,
Anthony: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cambridge don, art expert, and British intelligence officer during WWII
who was a Soviet agent from the mid-1930s onward, one of the “Cambridge Five”.[67] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Anthony” (given name used as a cover name, 1937-1939), “Tony” (1940-42), &
“Johnson” (1946).
“Boar”:
Churchill (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Boar”
[Kaban] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Winston Churchill. “Boar” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Churchill.
Board
of Economic Warfare, U.S. (BEW): Predecessor to the Foreign Economic
Administration.
“Boatman”
[Lodochnik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Glushinsky. References to in 1935.
“Boatswain”
/“Botsman”: Henry Wallace(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bob”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Krotov, Soviet intelligence officer
in the U.S., 1947-1950 NY. “Bob” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Boris Krotov on the London-Moscow channel
in 1945.
“Bob”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Menaker, early 1940s. “Bob” was identified in the Venona
decryptions in 1943-1944 as Robert Menaker.[68]
“Bob”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB source/agent in 1935. Likely Robert Menaker but possibly someone
else.
“Bob”:
Boris Krotov, KGB officer London (U.K. line, [West Venona])
“Bob”:
Robert Owen Menaker (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bob”:
Sidorovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Bob”:
Whittaker Chambers [source Chambers Witness]
Bob:
Robert Miller’s party name.
Bob
(work name/pseudonym): Work name/pseudonym by which Harold Glasser referred to
Alger Hiss when communicating with KGB.
“Bobrik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Beaver-Cloth”. (Alternative translation: Castor)
“Bobrow,
Robinson”: Richard (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Bobwik”:
Beaver-cloth (Russian hair style): unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Bochek,
Aleksandr Pavlovich”: Vovchek (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Bochkarev,
Grigory Emelyanovich: Crew on the Soviet tanker “Azerbaijan”.
Bochkareva,
Maria Leontievna: Member of the 1st Russian Women's Battalion of Death
organized under the Kerensky government.
Author of a memoir, Yashka: My Life As Peasant, Exile, and Soldier
(1919), written with the assistance of Isaac Don Levine. Executed by the Bolsheviks in 1920.
(Alternative translation: Mariya Bochkarëva).
“Bochkovsky,
?: Described as a Ukrainian nationalist leader in exile.
“Bodson”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Boerger,
Frederic: Described as sister of Ruth Boerger and daughter of Frederick G.
Boerger, either an error for Fredericka or a confusion with the father’s
name.
Boerger,
Frederick G.: Father of Ruth Boerger.
Boerger,
Ruth: Soviet intelligence contact, American Communist, wife of GRU officer
Arnold Ikal. Part of the Robinson/Rubens case.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “American”.
“Boets”:
Fighter: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Boev”
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Boevoj”:
Petrov on Tsiolkovskij (ship) (KGB
Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Bog”:
God unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Bogart,
Michael: Born in Odessa, Russia as Mikhail Samoylovich Bogart. Soviet intelligence source/agent. Technical source on the West Coast. Bother of Burton Perry. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sam”.
“Bogdan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer. References to in 1945.
Bogdanov,
George Vladimir (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Bogdanov,
Ivan”: real name Bogdanovich, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Bogdanov,
Piotr A.: Chairman of Amtorg, 1930.
“Bogdanovich”:
Bogdanov, Ivan, real name (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Bogdenko,
Rear Admiral V. L”.: unidentified name cb (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Bogomolov:
unidentified name , may be Aleksandr Bogomolov, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bogomolov,
Aleksandr E., Soviet Ambassador to Allied Governments in London, 1941-1943
[source Venona]
Bogomolov,
Alexandr: Soviet ambassador to France, 1949
Boguslavskij,
Boris Mikhajlovich: Sukhumskij
Bohle,
?: Described as German agent working against the Soviets.
Bohlen,
Charles: Senior American diplomat and Soviet specialist.
Bohr,
Niels: Danish physicist working with the British atomic bomb program.
Bohr,
Niels (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bojkij”
“Bojky” / “Perky”: Jay, Norman (WMCA commentator) (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Bok,
B.J. astronomer from Cambridge, Mass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bok”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Bol”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bolaslav,
John Wrzesinski aka Bolaslav, John Corvin”: Korvin, Boris (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Bolles,
E. Blair: Journalist and official of the Foreign Policy Association, late
1940s.
“Bolshakov”:
unidentified KGB line, Venona
Bolshakov,
Ivan G.,: Soviet Minister of Film, 1946-1953.
Bolshevik
(ship) [source Venona]
Bolsheviks:
Extremist wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party led by Vladimir
Lenin, opponents of the Mensheviks, later adopting the name Communists.
Bolshoj
Okhotnik (ship)
Bol'shoy
Dom” (cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks): See “Big House”.
“Bolshoj
Gorod” (Bolshoy Gorod) (cover name in Venona, Naval GRU line 1943): see
“Big Town”
“Bolt”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Inoke N. Varie (also know as Innokenty
Nikol. Vorozheyka). “Bolt” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[69]
“Bolt”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bomb”.
“Bomb”
(cover name): Stimson, Henry L. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bomb”
[Bom] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. Secretary of War,
circa 1944.
Boncescu,
in OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bonham
Carter, Oliver (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Bonnet,
Henri: French ambassador to the U.S., 1947-1948.
Bonnet,
Henri (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Book
(KGB tradecraft term): A passport or other travel and identification documentation.
Bookbinder,
George: OSS officer.
Bookman,
Henry: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Boos”.[70]
Boorstein,
Isidore: J. Peters [source Chambers Witness]
“Bor”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Richard Waldo.
Borah,
William: U.S. Senator, 1907-1940 (R. Idaho).
Bordovsky,
?: Soviet official involved in advanced technology.
Borges,
Thomas Pampeu Acciloly (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Boris”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent in
1947 described as having been in the U.S. in an earlier period.
“Boris”:
Aleksandr Saprykin, cipher clerk, (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Boris”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Boris,
in Moscow”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Borisenko,
Konstantin (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Borisenko,
Sysoeva, Morozovskaya: unidentified
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Borisov”:
Chief KGB 5th Cryptographic directorate in Moscow. Ivan G. Sheveley in
1943-1946. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Borisov”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Borisov:
unidentified in Moscow (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
Borisovsky-Meltser,
?: KGB officer, Anglo-American sector, late 1920s.
“Bormann,
Martin: Senior Nazi official.
“Born”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Born,
Max: Leading theoretical physicist.
Borodavko,
Lt. Aleksandr Vladimirovich lost Red Banner award book. (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Borodin,
?: described as official of
Soyuzbumaga.
Borodin,
Norman: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Granite”.
Borovich,
Sidney [Target for recruitment] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Borovyj,
Leo Judah”: Stevens, Gordon (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Borovyj,
Pavel (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Boruch”
[Borukh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed agent, NY
residencey. References to in 1935.
“Borukh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Boruch”.
“Boss”:
Yakubovskij (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Boss”
[Khozyain] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bohus Benes.
“Boss”
[Khozyain] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1940-1943. Likely Henry
Bookman. Described as owning a women’s
fashion salon in which the KGB invested $5,000. First name Henry. An FBI investigation of Iskhak Akhmerov’s
activities established that “Henry Bookman”, the owner of “Henry Bookman Inc”.
provided business cover for Akhmerov’s activities.[71]
“Botsman”
/ “Boatswain”: Henry Wallace(KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Bough”
[Suk] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1945.
“Bough” under the transliteration “Suk” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Bowen
[Bouen], Ralph, U.S. State Dept. and YCL”: Alan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bowen,
Sue, wife of Ralph Bowen, YCL (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bowers,
Claude: U.S. ambassador to Spain, 1933-1939.
“Boy”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Charles Flato in 1944-45.[72]
“Boy”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Sherman, December 1945 (note
overlap with Charles Flato).[73]
“Boy”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Dodd, William, jr., 1936-1939.[74]
Boyarsky,
?: Lieutenant Colonel of State Security.
Boyd,
Helen: Maiden name of Helen Boyd Duggan.
Boyev,
?: Senior Soviet official, 1933.
Boyev,
Ivan V.: Chairman of Amtorg, mid-1930s.
Bradley,
Omar: Senior American Army general.
Bragg,
Peter N.: Chemist involved in the Manhattan atomic project.
“Brahms”:
..ev but otherwise unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Brahms”
[Brams] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source. William Perl is a candidate for
“Brahms”.
Brakhtman,
?: Soviet naval officer, rank junior captain.
“Brams”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Brahms”.
Bransten,
Louise, candate for Map unidentified female (KGB Line, San Francisco) source
Venona]
Bransten
Louise (real name). Soviet intelligence source/agent. Born in San Francisco in 1908, the only child of a wealthy Jewish
merchant who founded a produce company, Louise Rosenberg inherited more than a
million dollars from her parents.
Married and then divorced from Richard Bransten, a prominent Communist
journalist, she was active in the American-Russian Institute in San
Francisco. Her association with Grigory
Kheifets, diplomat at the Soviet consulate in San Franciso (and KGB San
Francisco station chief) was so close that she was frequently referred to as
his mistress. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Map”.
Bransten,
Richard: see Minton, Bruce.
“Bras”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Klaus Fuchs, 1950s.
“Brat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Brother”.
“Brother”
changed to “Thomas” (cover names): unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bratsky”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fraternal”. (Alternative translation: Brothers, Brother
Organization)
Brauchitsch,
German Field Marshal, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Brauchitsch,
Walther von: Senior Wehrmacht commander.
“Braun”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, recruited in 1940, out of contact early 1941. (Alternative
translation: Brown.)
“Brave”
[Smel'y]: See “Plucky”.
“Brecher,
Ludwig: Romanian name of Louis Dolivet.
Brecht,
Berthold”: [Poet: Viertel, Berthold or Brecht, Berthold] (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
Brecht,
Bertold: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. Refugee German dramatist and KGB informant on fellow refugee
Germans. In the Venona decryptions a
KGB informant with the cover name “Poet” appears whom NSA/FBI identified as
either Berthold Brecht or Berthold Viertel.
“Bredan”:
Keeney, Philip (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bredis,
?: Officer in the OO OGPU in 1930.
Breen,
David”: Chambers, Whittaker [Weinstein Perjury 1997 ed.]
“Breen,
David”: Whittaker Chambers fake passport name [source Chambers Witness]
“Breit,
Gregory., Bureau of Standards (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Breme”
/ “Brem”: Babin, Thomas, (GRU & KGB line) [source Venona]
Brent,
Joe: Described as a journalist, intelligence source used by Samuel Dickstein.
Bretiel,
Sam: Described as a U.S. officer delivering a report on heavy bombers.
Brichanskij,
Pavel Ivanovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Bridgeman,
Percy, physics Cambridge, Mass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bridges,
Harry
“Brigadier”
[Brigadir] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent,
NY station, inventor of some sort, possible Russian immigrant, mid-30s.
“Brigadir”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Brigadier”.
Briggs,
Lloyd Cabot (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Briggs,
Richard: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Alfred Slack supplied technical information to the Soviets via Briggs
when working at Eastman Kodak in the late 1930s.[75] Likely candidate for the cover name “Film”.
“Brilov”:
Starygin (on ship Emba) (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
“Brion”:
Shvetsov, Boris (U.K. line, [West Venona])
“Brit”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Armand Labis Feldman. Feldman was the pseudonym of Iosif V.
Volodarsky.
Britain:
“Island” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
British
embassy in the U.S.: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Whirlpool”.
British
Security Coordination Office: An arm of British SIS established in New York
with U.S. government permission. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bar” (1943).
Briton,
N. biologist NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Broadway”
[Brodvey] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): OSS London station cover
name for British SIS, 1945.
Brobsky,
Joseph: CPUSA’s attorney in the 1930s and 1940s.
Broda,
Engelbert: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Refugee Austrian physicist at Cambridge, secret Communist and KGB
source. Also known as Bertl Broda.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Eric” (1943-44), “Quid” in 1945
“Eric”/Broda appears to be identical with the Soviet source “K”. in West and
Tsarev and Andrew and Mitrokhin.[76]
“Brodvey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Broadway”.
Bromley,
Robert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bron,
Saul: Director of Amtorg, 1920s.
Bronislava,
Litovkina: See Litovkina Moroz.
“Bronya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Armor”.
“Bronya”:
Armor [Armour]: redacted employee at Bell Aircraft, Buffalo. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Brook:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Brooks,
?: Described by Charles Kramer in 1945 as a former associate of James Byrnes
(U.S. Senator and Secretary of State).
Possibly U.S. Senator Charles Brooks (R. Illinois).
“Brother”:
Brat, later Thomas, unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Brother”
[Brat] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Eduard Benes, circa 1944.
“Brother”
[Brat] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical intelligence, 1943, probably aviation
related. “Brother” is associated with
“Emulsion” in 1943, and likely “Brother” is “Emulsion’s brother” from
1938. “Brother” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, cover name
changed to “Thomas” in October 1944.[77] William Plourde is a candidate for
“Thomas”/“Brother”. A deciphered KGB cable suggested that William Plourde, an
engineer at Bell aircraft, was a KGB source but no cover name for him was
given. Plourde, then, would be a
candidate for “Brother”/“Thomas”. [78]
“Brother
Organization” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fraternal”.
Brotherhood
of Ukrainian Catholics (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Brother-in-law”
(Svoyak): unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Brothers”
[Bratsky] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fraternal”.
Brothman,
Abraham: Konstruktor: “Constructor”: Ekspert: “Expert” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Brothman,
Abraham: Konstruktor: “Expert” [source Feklisov]
Brothman,
Abraham: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
A chemist. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as a Soviet source with whom
Jacob Golos worked. Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Constructor” prior to October
1944, changed to “Expert” in October 1944 and appeared as “Chrome Yellow” by
February 1945 and thereafter.[79]
Broverman,
Fred: Described as business associate of Jack Soble, 1952.
Browder,
Earl: “Helmsman”: Rulevoj (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Browder,
Earl: Rulevoy or “Helmsman” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Browder,
Earl: Soviet intelligence contact/informant.
General Secretary of the CPUSA, supervised CPUSA assistance to Soviet
intelligence. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as authorizing and overseeing her and Jacob Golos’s cooperation with
Soviet intelligence. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent. Identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as a Soviet source/agent. Identified in Comintern documents as
assisting Soviet intelligence.[80] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Helmsman” (1942-1945), “Shaman” (1946-).
Browder,
Gladys: Earl Browder’s first wife.
Browder,
Irena: Wife of Earl Browder. Born in
Russia in 1895, to a father with German citizenship, Raisa Borisovna
Luganovskaia (also known as Raisa Berkman) grew up in Lithuania, then part of
the Russian Empire. She was trained as
a lawyer, married an early Bolshevik, and herself joined the Bolsheviks in 1917
in Kharkov, Ukraine. According to a
Comintern biography she was very active in the Bolshevik Revolution and served
“in 1918--in Kharkov, Provincial Commissar of Justice, with emergency
powers”. A commissar of justice in
Bolshevik practice supervised trial court judges, heard appeals from trial
courts, and had the power to change trial court actions. After the Revolution she became a member of
the presidium of the Soviet state court in Moscow. She held a variety of responsible Communist party and Soviet
state positions during the 1920s, travelled to Germany and France on
unspecified missions, and in 1933 entered a program of advanced studies at the
International Lenin School specializing in American studies.[81] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Peasant”.
Browder,
Margaret: “Gin” / “Anna” [source Damaskin Harris]
Browder,
Margaret: Soviet intelligence agent in Europe in the 1930s.[82] Sister of Earl Browder.
Browder,
Rose: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Also known as Rose Euler. Wife
of William Browder, contact between KGB and Earl Browder.
Browder,
William: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. Brother and assistant to Earl Browder. Party name Bill. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent.[83]
“Brown”:
unidentified source (U.K. line, [West Venona])
Brown
Brothers: International banking firm.
Brown,
Fred: Party name/pseudonym of CPUSA cadre who worked with Italian-American in
the 1930s. Also known as Mario
Alpi. Birth name possibly F. Marini.
Brown,
John: Abolitionist activist executed for his violent attempt to organize a
revolt of black slaves.
Brown:
See “Braun”.
Brown,
Walter F.: U.S. Postmaster General, 1929-1933.
Brown,
Walter Lyman: Official of the ARA.
BRP:
Bratstvo Russkoy Pravdy (Brotherhood of Russian Truth), a White Guard emigre
organization.
Bruce,
David K.: American Ambassador to France, 1949-1952.
“Brumia”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): United States of America, 1950.
“Brumians”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Americans, 1950.
“Brun”
[Bryun] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed KGB
agent/officer, early 1930s.
Brush
pass (tradcraft): A brief encounter, often unspoken and appearing as a
momentary brushing together between strangers, where something is passed
between courier/case officer and agent.
“Momentalka” in Russian.
Bruslov,
Yury Mikhailovich: KGB officer Washington Station, late 1940s, 1950. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Pavel”.
“Brusov”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Brüning,
Heinrich (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
“Bryansk
(ship) [source Venona]
“Brykin”:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Bryukhanov,
Nikolay Pavlovich: Bolshevik leader, People's Commissar of Finances, 1926-1930. Executed in Stalin’s Terror, 1938.
Bryun (cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Brun”.
Bryzgin,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Yakolevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Buben”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Louis F. Budenz.
“Bubi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence agent. Likely Leo Helfgott based on Simon
Rosenberg’s (S-7) statements to the FBI in the Armand Feldman case. References to in 1937.
Buchman,
Henry: Khosyain: “Employer” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Bucyrus:
American manufacturer of excavators and massive mining equipment.
“Budanov”:
Olkhov (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Budd
Aircraft.
“Buddy”
[Priyatel'] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, diplomat with the Czechoslovak embassy in Washington.
Budenny
(ship)
Budenz,
Louis F.: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. Senior CPUSA official who assisted Soviet intelligence, defector
1945. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley
as assisting Jacob Golos’s intelligence activities. Budenz testified that in the late 1930s he had direct contact
with Soviet intelligence and assisted with recruiting agents to penetrate the
Trotskyist movement and in the early 1940s as a senior party officer was aware
of CPUSA assistance to Soviet espionage.[84]. Cover names
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Buben”, “Tambourine”.
Budenz,
Luis Francis: Spelling garble, see Budenz, Louis Francis.
“Bugle”:
Gorn: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bugle”
[Gorn] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, technical intelligence, likely aviation. References to in 1945,
1948. “Bugle” appeared in the Venona
decryptions in November 1944 as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, likely aviation related.[85] Joseph Bauer is a candidate for “Bugle”.
“Builder”
[Stroitel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, Communist, technical intelligence, 1942. Associated with Julius Rosenberg.
Bukharin,
Nikolay: Senior Bolshevik leader executed in the Great Terror.
Bukhartsev,
Dmitri: Soviet intelligence agent, likely a co-optee. Izvestia
correspondent, Berlin. Liaison with
Martha Dodd, 1936 (prior to Pioneer).
Bukhartsev later testified in one of the Moscow Trials in 1937 and
confessed to being part of a Trotskyist conspiracy. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Emir”.
Bukhgol’ts,
wife of (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Bukinist”:
Second Hand Bookseller: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Bukov,
Barna: See Bukov, Boris.
Bukov,
Boris: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
GRU illegal officer. In 1939
Walter Krivitsky, a senior KGB defector, identified as Boris Bykov of GRU as a
Soviet control officer known to Whittaker Chambers as Peter. In his 1939 autobiography, Krivitsky, who
had been a GRU officer before shifting to the KGB in the mid-1930s, also
identified Bykov as the chief of GRU operations in the U.S. in 1936-1939. Am entry in GRU: Dela i Liudi [GRU: Cases
and People] for “Bukov (Altman) Boris Yakovlevich”, lists Bukov as “Illegal
station chief of Razvedupr [GRU] in the U.S.A. (1936-1939)”. Likely Altman was
a Jewish birth name with Bukov as a Russianized replacement. The Chambers’ “Bykov” and GRU’s “Bukov” are
the same person is made even clearer when it is understood that Chambers told
the FBI that Krivitsky had pronounced “Bykov” as “boo-koff”. One should
also note that the Russian Cyrillic letter “y” is pronounced with a Latin
alphabet “u” sound. What is unclear is
why Krivitsky (or his translator/editor in 1939) would transliterate the name
as Bykov, usually pronounced “bi-koff”, rather than Bukov.[86] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Jerome”.
Bulganin,
Nikolay A.: Senior Soviet official, part of Stalin’s inner circle after WWII.
Bulkley,
Robert: U.S. Senator, 1930-1939 (D. Ohio).
“Bull”
[Byk] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1945.
Bulletin
Business Review: Likely a garbled
title for a journal described as edited by Harry Magdoff.
Bulletin
of the Opposition: Trotskyist
journal.
Bullitt,
William: American diplomat and first U.S. ambassador to the USSR.[87]
Bullitt,
William C.: “Caliph”: Kalif (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bumblebee”
[Shmel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): David Greenglass in
October 1944, paired with the cover name “Wasp” for his wife. “Bumblebee” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as David Greenglass in November 1944 By December 1944 Greenglass’s cover name in the Venona
decryptions appeared as “Caliber”, likely changed when KGB noticed that it was
already using “Bumblebee” as the cover name for the journalist Walter Lippmann.[88]
“Bumblebee”
[Shmel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Senior journalist,
1945. Likely Walter Lippmann. “Bumblebee” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Walter Lippmann in the fall of 1944 and into 1945.[89]
“Bumblebee”:
Shmel: David Greenglass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bumblebee”:
Shmel: Walter Lippmann, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Bund
Deutscher Madchen[90]:
League of German Girls.
Burce,
David (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Burd,
Michael [Weisburd] of Midland Export Corp.: “Tenor” / “Bass” / “Bas” / “Ten”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Burdett,
Winston: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Burdett was recruited via the CPUSA on Comintern instructions in 1940
and assisted Soviet intelligence while working as a war correspondent in Europe
for several years before dropping out.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as assisting Soviet espionage. After initial denial, he eventually admitted
his involvement to the FBI and, in 1955, to a congressional investigating
committee.[91] Candidate for the cover name “Eagle”.
Bure,
Emile-Clemant-Charles [nee Dreux] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Bureau”
[Byuro] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Intourist.
Bureau
of Education, U.S..
Burgess,
Anthony = Mädchen [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Burgess,
Guy: British diplomat and Soviet agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Madchen”.
Burke,
Jack B.: Described as a Communist who worked on the staff of Senator La
Follette’s Civil Liberties Subcommittee in the late 1930s, later in OSS.
Burkhard,
George: I.F. Stone contact in Berlin.
Burkhardt,
Carl: International Red Cross official
Burlakov,
Vasiliy [Vasily] I., (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Burland,
E. G.: Described as a director of Blair & Co., former ARA official.
Burns,
General (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Burns,
James H.: U.S. Army General, considered for appointment as U.S. ambassador to
the USSR in 1942.
Burns,
Paul, NSA/FBI shows as Berne and Bernay, but clearly is ti Burns. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Burse”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Seminary”.
Bursler,
Norman (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Bursler,
Norman: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. KGB sent Comintern a vetting inquiry about
him in 1944.[92] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sur”.
Burslov,
Yury: Soviet intelligence officer/agent, U.S. late 1940s.
Burt,
?: A Soviet intelligence officer met Stanley Graze at Burt’s wedding in Costa
Rico in 1976.
“Burtsenko”:
Zhukov: KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Busbey,
Fred: U.S. Representative, 1943-1945 (R. IL)
Bush,
Vannevar: Leading American engineer and scientific administrator. Headed the Office of Scientific Research and
Development in WWII.
Bushuev,
Vasilij [Vasily] , Soviet seaman deserter. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Businessman”:
unidentified source (U.K. line, [West Venona])
“Butberg,
? (real name), and Baron Butberg’s White Guard group.
“Butcher”:
redacted (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Bute,
E.T.: Described as a scientist involved in the Manhattan atomic project. Spelling unconfirmed, alternative
translations Butte or But.
Butkov,
?: KGB officer, Moscow Center.
Butler,
George: Described as State Department official, 1948.
Butler,
Neville: Senior official in the British Foreign Office, 1945.
Butler,
Nicholas Murray: President of Columbia University and winner of the Nobel Peace
Prize in 1931.
Butler,
W.: Described as chief of the Airplane Bureau Division, WPB, 1945.
Butler,
William: U.S. Senator, 1923-1927 (R. MA).
Butorov,
seamen deserer (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Butosov,
?: Official of the People’s
Commissariat of the Defense Industry.
Butterworth,
J.E., General, chief of conservation Branch, Services of Supply, US Army. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Butti,
Peter: Described as a relative of Gregory Silvermaster in the Soviet Union.
“Button”
[Knopka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1938.
Butz,
? (real name), and the “Butz affair”: Unknown.
“Byk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bull”.
“Bykov,
Boris”: Peter [source Chambers Witness]
Bykov,
Boris: see Bukov, Boris.
Byrd,
Harry F.: U.S. senator (D. Virginia).
Byrnes,
James F.: U.S Senator (D. SC) and U.S. Secretary of State, 1945-47.
Byrnes,
James F. Director of Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Byuro”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bureau”.
“Byvalov”:
Lovanov, Vasilij [Vasily] Nikolaevich
XXC
C.
[CC]: redacted except for first letter C. linked to Rosenberg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
C.: Center, KGB headquarters in Moscow.
“C-1”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-1”.
“C-10”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-10”.
“C/10”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S/10”.
“C-100”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-100”.
“C/16”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S/16”.
“C-17”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-17”.
“C-2”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-2”.
“C/2”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-2”.
“C/3”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S/3”.
“C-5”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S/5”.
“C-6”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-6”.
“C-7”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-7”.
“C/7”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S/7”.
“C-8”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S-8”.
“C/8”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “S/8”.
“Cabaret”:
Office of the Co-ordinator of Inter-American Affairs (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Cabaret”
[Kabare] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Office of the
Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs (Rockerfeller committee). “Cabaret” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as as the Office of the Coordinator
of Inter-American Affairs.
“Cabin”
[Izba] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Office of Strategic
Services, OSS starting in 1942. KGB
cover name for OSS was “Izba”, in Vassiliev’s notebooks translated as
“Cabin”. KGB cover name for FBI was “Khata”,
in Vassiliev’s notebooks translated as “Hut”.
Izba and Khata have overlapping meanings in Russian (with Khata as a
generic peasant’s hut) and one could reverse the chosen translation. “Izba” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as OSS starting in 1942 but Venona translated “Izba” as “Hut”
rather then “Cabin”.
Cadillac
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Caen”:
Los Angeles [source Venona]
Caesar
Rodney (ship) [source Venona]
Café
Society: New York City nightclub linked to the CPUSA.
Caine:
See “Kane”.
Cairncross,
John: Soviet intelligence source/agent, U.K.
His espionage did not become public until 1990 with the publication of
Andrew and Gordievsky’s The KGB.[93] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Liszt”.
Cairo,
Arrigo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Caldwell,
Sylvia: pseudonym used by Sylvia Callen when she infiltrated the SWP. Also [Doxsee, Sylvia Lorraine Callen]
[Sylvia Franklin] [Sylvia Callen]: Satyr: Satir (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Caldwell,
Sylvia (pseudonym): See Callen, Sylvia.
Pseudonym used by Sylvia Callen when she infiltrated the Socialist
Workers Party for the KGB.
“Caliber”
[Kalibr] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): David Greenglass, December
1944-March 1950. “Caliber” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Greenglass.[94]
“Calibre
( Kalibr)”: David Greenglass (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Caliph”:
Kalif: William C. Bullitt (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Callahan”:
James Michael Callaham, ship’s clerk, described as a “trustworthy dockworker”,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Callen,
Sylvia [Doxsee, Sylvia Lorraine Callen] [Sylvia Franklin] [Sylvia Caldwell]:
Satyr: Satir (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Callen,
Sylvia: Secret Communist, KGB anti-Trotskyist penetration agent under the name
Sylvia Caldwell; secretary for James Cannon, chief of the Socialist Workers
Party (Trotskyist). Also known as Sylvia Franklin and Sylvia Lorraine Doxsee.
Married for a period to American Communist and KGB agent Irving Zalmond
Franklin. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[95] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Satyr” until August 1944, then “Rita”.
“Callistratus”:
Kalistrat: Fomin, Aleksandr (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Callistratus”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Feklisov. “Callistratus” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Aleksandr Fomin, pseudonym used in the U.S. by KGB officer
Alexander Feklisov when under diplomatic cover.
Calvo
Ramirez, Roberto: Zapata (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Camacho,
Maximino Avila, brother of (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Camilla”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Camille”:
unidentified source GRU (U.K. line, [West Venona])
“Camille” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Camp
1” [Lager' 1] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Oak Ridge Manhattan
atomic project facility. “Camp 1”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified Manhattan atomic project
facility and in a context that suggests Oak Ridge.
“Camp
2”: Los Alamos [source Feklisov]
“Camp
2” [Lager' 2] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Los Alamos Manhattan
atomic project facility. “Camp 2” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as the Los Alamos Manhattan atomic project
facility.
“Camp
U” [Lager' Y]: See “Camp Y”.[96]
“Camp
W” [Lager' W] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Hanford,
Washington facilities of the Manhattan atomic project, also know as “Site
W”.
“Camp
X” [Lager' X] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Reference in
a Harry Gold report of a meeting with Klaus Fuchs with reference to the
Manhattan atomic project in New Mexico, i.e. Site Y.
“Camp
Y” [Lager' Y] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Los Alamos
Manhattan atomic project facility, also known as “Site Y”.
“Camp-1”
[Camp #1]: an atomic site [probably Oak Ridge] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Camp-2”
[Camp #2]: Los Alamos atomic site (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Campbell”:
Kempbel: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Campbell,
D.H., biologist CA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Camphor”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Canada:
“Forest” / “Lesovia” (GRU line) also “Land”
/ “Kray” (KGB line) [source Venona]
Canada:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Territory”.
Cannon,
James: American Trotskyist leader, chief of the Socialist Workers Party.
Canon:
misspelling, see Cannon, James.
“Canopus”:
Kanop, in U.S. State Department (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Cantacuzen,
Matthew [Chaca-Cantacuzin?, Matea] Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Cantor”
[Kantor] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1942-44.
Appears to have been a Communist recruited via CPUSA channels.
“Cantwell,
Lloyd”: Whittaker Chambers [source
Chambers Witness]
Capa,
Robert: prominent WWII American war photographer.
Cape
Charles (ship) [source Venona]
“Cape
Spencer (ship) [source Venona]
“Capitalist”:
Harriman, W. Averell (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Captain”:
Kapitan: FDR (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Captain”
[Kapitan] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Franklin D.
Roosevelt. “Captain” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Roosevelt.
Captain
Voronin (ship) [source Venona]
“Captain’s
deputy” [zamestitel' Kapitana]: Henry Wallace.
Capte
Porpoise (ship) [source Venona]
Carbon
Corporation.
Cardenas,
Lazaro (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Careful”
[Ostorozhny]: See “Cautious”.
Carl:
see Karl.
Carlisle,
Kitty: Described as mistress of Bernard Baruch.
“Carlos”:
appears to be Soviet in the Office, not Casanova Subercaseaux: unidentified
cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Carlos”:
Berkhahn, Gunther J. F. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Carlos”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Carlos”
[Karlos]: Christian Casanova Subercaseaux
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Carmen”:
Karmen, unidentifed covername of a courier (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Carmen”
[Karmen] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Koral prior to
August 1944. “Carmen” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Helen Koral.[97]
Carnegie,
Andrew: Industrialist and philanthropist.
“Carnero”:
unidentified ; (KGB U.S. Line) [source
Venona]
“Caro”:
Jürgen Kuczynsky GRU line in U.K.
[source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Carp
Export and Import Company: Company directed by Sam Carp.
“Carp”
[Karp] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, described as having been compromised by 1950 along with
“Sima”/Coplon. Valentin Gubichev, a
Soviet intelligence agent, is a likely candidate for “Carp” in as much as he
was arrested when meeting with Coplon.
Carp,
Sam: Immigrant from Tsarist Russia (Ukraine), birth name as Carpowski, and
Vyacheslav Molotov’s American brother-in-law. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of
those identified by Whittaker Chambers as espionage risks.[98]
Carpeau,
Joas Maria; (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Carpenter”
[Plotnik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Plavnik.
Carpenter,
David: CPUSA cadre, active in both the open party in the Baltimore-Washington
area and with party publications (Daily Worker and New World Review)
and in the party’s covert arm. Birth
name David Zimmerman. Identified by
Whittaker Chambers as assisting with his GRU/CPUSA network. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “103rd”.
Carr,
Wilbur: Assistant Secretary of State, 1933-1937.
Carrillo
Marcor, Alejanbro: Texas (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Carrillo,
Rafael (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Carroll,
Fred (party name): Soviet intelligence source/agent San Francisco area. Likely party name of Robert Soblen. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Roman”. “Roman” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Robert Soblen.
“Carter”:
Coleman, Eugene Franklin [possible spy] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Carter,
Edward C.: General Secretary of the Institute for Pacific Relations and
chairman of the Russian War Relief Fund.
Carter
of the Institute of Pacific Affairs (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Carthage”:
Washington (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Carthage”
[Karfagen] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Washington, DC. “Carthage” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Washington.
Carton,
Martinez (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Caruso,
Enrico: Well-known Italian opera tenor.
Casa
Italiana: Italian cultural institution.
“Casada”:
Kasada: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Casanova
Subercaseaux, Christian”: Carlos [Karlos]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cashier”
[Kassir] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Dexter White (prior
to change to “Jurist” in 1941).
Cashier
(Kassir) = White, Harry Dexter probably in 1939 [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Cassidy,
journalist (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Castle,
William R.: Under Secretary of State and Ambassador to Japan in the Herbert
Hoover Administration.
“Castor”
[Bobrik]: See “Beaver-Cloth.
“Cat”
[Ket] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Mary Price in August 1944.
“Catalyst”:
Katalizaton: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Catalyst”
[Katalizator] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, scientific source, involved in radioactivity. An immigrant, likely Russian, daughters in
USSR in 1942, studied in Germany, friend of physicist Aristid Victorovich
Grosse, knows George Gamow. “Catalyst”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified.[99]
“Catcher”
[Lovets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, Russian immigrant, former insurance agent.
Catherine:
Name by which Bentley knew Helen Lowry [source Bentley FBI statement]
“Cathode”
[Katod] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, XY Line scientific-technological intelligence,
mid-30s.
“Cautious”
[Ostorozhny] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Julius J. Joseph.
“Cautious” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Julius Joseph.[100]
“Cautious”
[Ostorozhny]: Joseph, Julius J. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cavalryman”
[Kavalerist] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sergey Kurnakov prior
to September 1944. Kurnakov, a Russian
immigrant, wrote on military matter for the CPUSA-aligned journal Ruski
Golos [Russian Voice]. Kurnakov is not named as “Cavalryman” in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks, but is identified as a writer for Ruski
Golos and “Cavalryman” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Sergey
Kurnakov. Venona also shows that
Kurnakov’s cover name “Cavalryman” was was later changed to “Beck”.[101]
“Cavalryman”:
Kavalerist: Kurnakov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
CC
CPSU: Central Committee, Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
CC
VKP(b): Central Committee, All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik): Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Palace”.
Cde.:
comrade.
“Cecil”
[Sesil'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bluma Carp, 1935.
“Cecil”
[Sesil'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lauchlin Currie, 1944.
“Cedar”:
Perry, Burton (Borton Perri) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Cedar”
[“Sedar”] (cover name in the
Venona decryptions): Burton Perry in 1944.[102]
“Center”:
KGB HQ in Moscow. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Center
[Tsentr]: KGB tradecraft term for its headquarters in Moscow.
Centkiwicz,
Stanislaw (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Central
Committee, All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks): Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Palace”.
Central
Institute on Atomic Research, GDR.
Central
Negro Youth Union of America [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
“Cerberus”:
Tserber: unidentified cover name [or transliteration of surname such as Cerber
or Zerber] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cerberus”
[Tserber] and “Cerberus’s” wife
(cover name in Vassiliev Notebooks): Likely Philip and Mary Jane Keeney. “Cerberus” and wife are described as former
GRU agents with some prior connection to OSS.
“Cerebus’s” wife was described as obtaining a job in the UN Secretariat
the latter half of 1948. “Cerberus”
also appeared in the Venona decryptions in 1945 as an unidentified GRU agent
who may have lost touch with GRU. The
Keeneys were recruited by GRU in 1940 and shifted to KGB in 1945. Philip had worked for OSS for a time and
Mary Jane took a post with the U.N. in June 1948.[103]
Chabanov,
Konstantin A.: See Chugunov, Konstantin A.
Chabot (ship) [source Venona]
Chadwick,
James: Senior British atomic scientist in the bomb project.
Chaliapin,
Boris: Described as the son of the Russian opera singer Feodor Chaliapin.
Chalmers,
Henry: U.S. commerce Department official, early 1930s.
Cham,
Michael K.: Soviet intelligence source/agent, technical intelligence. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Spline” until October 1944 then “Noise”.
“Spline” and “Noise” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an
unidentified Soviet intelligence source in the aviation industry for which
there were several candidates, all of which were redacted.[104]
“Chamber”
[Palata] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. Department of
Justice, listed in a table of cover names circa November 1944.
“Chamber”
[Palata] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. Bureau of Standards,
listed in one marginal reference to a January 1945 document.[105]
Chamberlain,
William: Moscow correspondent for the Christian Science Monitor,
1922-34.
Chambers,
Eve: Eve Dorf (party name) [source Chambers Witness]
Chambers,
Whittaker: Soviet intelligence source/agent chiefly for a GRU linked CPUSA
based network in Washington in the mid-1930s.
Dropped out 1938, partial disclosure to authorities in 1939 but no full
disclosure until the end of 1948.
Discussed his activities in a detailed autobiography. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Karl”.[106] Candidate for the pseudonym Robert Zelnis.
“Chambers,
Whittaker”: Karl: Harold Phillips: Lloyd Cantwell: David Breen: Arthur
Dwyer
Chancey,
Martin: Senior member of the Maryland CPUSA.
Chandler,
Albert (Happy): Commissioner of Major League Baseball.
“Channel-pilot”
/ “Lotsman”: Henry Wallace (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chap”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chap”
[“Chep] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Zalmond David
Franklin. “Chap” was identified in the
Venona decryptions under “Chap” and “Chen” as Salmond Franklin, a variant
spelling of Zalmond Franklin.[107]
Chapa,
Esther: Lata, former wife of Rosendo Gomez Lorenzo (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Chapaj”
[or “Chapay”]: Klimenkov, Petr Vasilevich
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Chaplin,
Charlie: World famous motion picture comic of the 1920s and 1930s.
Char...
unidentified name, may be real or cover. possibley Charles Flato. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Charles”:
Charls: Charlz: Klaus Fuchs (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Charles”:
Fuchs, Klaus [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
“Charles”:
Fuchs, Klaus [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Charles”:
Klaus Fuchs [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Charles”:
Klaus Fuchs [source Sudoplatov]
“Charles”
[Charl'z] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Klaus Fuchs starting in
October 1944. “Charles” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Fuchs.[108] “Charles” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Fuchs.
Charles,
Frieda: wife of Bert Cochran [source Venona]
Charley:
See Charlie.
“Charli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Charlie”. (Alternative translation:
Charley)
“Charli
7” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Charlie 7”.
“Charlie”:
Cedric Belfrage [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Charlie”:
Leon Minster [source Chambers Witness]
“Charlie
7” [Charli-7] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, NY station mid-1930s (may be same as one of the
other 1930 Charlies). References to in
1937.
“Charlie”
[Charli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Cedric Belfrage, 1944.
“Charlie” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified but the context
would fit Belfrage.[109] “Charlie” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Belfrage.
“Charlie”
[Charli]: unidentified Soviet intelligence contact, described as
Browder’s courier in 1942.
“Charlie”
[Charli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB
agent/officer 1931, used against Trotskyists.
“Charlie”
[Charli] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Chief of the London KGB
station in 1935.
“Charlie”
[Charli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical intelligence, consultent for Du Pont,
chemist 1930s. References to in 1934, 1938.
Charlie
[Charli]: Pseudonym used by Joseph Katz in 1944 and 1945.[110][111]
“Charlie”
[Charli]: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Charl'z” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Charles”.
“Charon”:
Kharon: Grigory Khejfets [Kheifetz or Keifits of Kheifets] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Charon”
[Kharon] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer Grigory
Kheifets. “Charon” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Kheifets.
Chase,
Charles F.: John Sherman’s fake passport name [source Chambers Witness]
Chase,
Joseph, Lt. j.g. assistant naval attache in Moscow (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Chatsky,
?: GPU chief at Amtorg, 1929.
“Chauffeur”
[Shofer] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1939. Likely
technological intelligence.
Chautemps,
Camille: French political figure.
Chavycha
(ship) [source Venona]
“Chaynaya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tea Shop” (Alternative translation:
“Tea Room”).
“Cheetah”
[Chita] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, Seattle, maritime and Naval intelligence. Has three sons. References to in 1936-1939.
“Cheetah” (as “Chita”) appeared in the Venona decryptions as an
unidentified contact on the Moscow-San Francisco channel in 1944, but it is
uncertain if this 1944 “Cheetah” is “Cheetah” of the mid-1930s.
Cheka: Vserossiyskaya Chrezvychaynaya Komissiya po Borbe
s Kontr Revolyutsiyey i Sabotzzhem [All-Russian Extraordinary Commission to
Combat Counterrevolution and Sabotage].
“Chekh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Czech”.
“Chekh”:
Czech: Menaker, Robert Owen (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chekh”:
Czech: Soble, Jack (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Chekhov”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chekists
(KGB jargon): KGB personnel, particularly officers.
“Chekov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Chemist”:
Khinik: unidentified cover name, probably Kamenev, Ivan Efimovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chemist”
[Khimik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Oppenheimer,
September 1944.
“Chen”:
redacted in 1943: Zalmond David Franklin in 1944?? (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Chen”:
Zalmond David Franklin in 1944?? [alternative translation of Chap?] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Chen,
Hansheng: Covert agent of the Communist Party of China from 1920s to the
establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Chen operated in the United States in the
1930s.[112] Also known as Hanshen Chen and Henshen Chen.
Chen:
See “Chap”.
“Chep”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chap”.
Cherkasov,
?: KGB officer, 1945.
Chernigovskij
(on ship Emba)
Chernikov,
?: White Russian leader, BRP activist.
Chernin,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chernousanov
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Chernousov,
Ivan Pavlovich: Crew on the Soviet tanker “Azerbaijan”.
Chernov,
Victor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cherny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Black”.
“Chernyakova
or Chernyaova (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Chernyj”
/ “Black”: Thomas L. Black (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chernyj,
S.I”.: Kirillov (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Chernyshevskij
(ship) [source Venona]
Chertok,
?: Described as a Zionist leader in 1939.
“hertova:
See Sara Weber.
“Chess
Knight (Kon’)”: Siquiros, Jose David Alfaro (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Chess
Player”: Polish Jewish agent West Coast U.S., dentist [source Sudoplatov]
“Chessplayer”
or “Chess Player”: Polish Jewish dentist in San Francisco, KGB agent [source
Damaskin Harris]
“Chester”
(party name used as a cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bernard
Schuster. “Chester” was Schuster prior
to June 1943 when KGB replaced “Chester” with “Echo”, but “Chester”
occasionally was still used later, likely because “Chester” remained Schuster’s
party name. “Chester” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Schuster.[113]
“Chester”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Oppenheimer in 1944 and 1945. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: changed
to “Yew” after KGB realized confusion with “Chester”/Bernard Schuster.
“Chester”:
Bernard Schuster’s party name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona] [source Feklisov ]
Chester
Valley (ship) [source Venona]
“Cheta”:
Pair/Couple: Fisher, Nicholas and Maria (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chetverka”:
foursome: four KGB students (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chetvertushkin,
B. A.: Described as connected to the Tchaikovsky Hall in Moscow in 1965.
Chiang
Kai Shek, Madame [source Venona]
Chiang
Kai-Shek (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chiang
Kai-shek: Leader of of the Nationalist Chinese government.
Chicago
Grain Exchange.
Chichayev,
I.: KGB liaison with OSS in London, 1944.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “John”.
Chicherin,
Georgy Vasilyevich: Bolshevik leader, People's Commissar of Foreign
Affairs,1918 -1930.
“Chief”:
unidentified cover name, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chief
Administration on the Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy: Soviet nuclear research
agency.
Chief
Department of the Civil Air Fleet, USSR: GUGVF
“Chief”
[Shef] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nikolay Novikov in 1945.
Chikirisov, ?: Militia (Police) Lieutenant, 1942.
Chikov,
V.V.: Described as Amtorg official, 1920s.
Child,
C.M. biologist CA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Childs,
Jacob ‘Jack’: Mid-level CPUSA cadre, involved in its covert apparatus.[114] Husband of Rosalyn. Possible candidate for “Olsen”.
Childs,
James R. [Charge d’affairs] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Childs,
Morris, possibly Olsen in Venona, not identified in NSA/FBI notes
Childs,
Morris: Senior CPUSA official. District
organizer (head) of the Chicago area Communist Party from 1938 to 1945.[115] Candidate for “Olsen”.
Childs,
Rosalyn Pearl: Wife of Jack Childs.
Candidate for party name/cover name Rose Olsen and cover name
“Phlox”. Rosalyn Pearl Citron worked
for the Comintern in Moscow from 1936 to 1938 and upon return to the U.S. as a
contact between the CPUSA headquarters and its covert arm in where she met and
married Jack Childs in 1940.
Chimilowski,
Joseph: Alternate spelling for Joseph Chmilevski.
“Chinovnik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Official”.
“Chio”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cio”.[116]
Chipchin,
Nissen or Nelson (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Chita”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cheetah”.
“Chita”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Chivin,
?: an operative of Yakov Serebryansky’s special operations (sabotage,
kidnapping and assassination) group.
Refused to return to the USSR.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Smith” in 1930s.
“Chizh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Siskin”. The chizh is a Eurasian finch known as a siskin in English.
Chizhakov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Chizhov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
ChK: Cheka.
Chkalov,
V. (ship) [source Venona]
Chmilevski,
Joseph: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
(Alternate spelling: Chimilowski, Joseph) Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Relay” prior to
September1944, then “Serb”. “Relay” and
“Serb” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent.
“Chord”
[Akkord] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): the Morros/Stern music
company project.
Chou
En-Lai (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Chrome
Yellow” [Kron] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Abraham
Brothman.
“Chrome
Yellow” / “Chrome Pigment”: Kron: redacted
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chuck:
party name of Charles Kramer, 1945.
Chugaj:
Soviet at “Plant” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chugunov,
Konstantin. A.: KGB officer. (Also
known as Konstantin A. Shabanov or Chabanov).
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Shah”.
Chupikova,
Ekaterina [Lykyanov’s mother-in-law] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Churchill,
Winston: British Prime Minister. Cover
names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Boar”, “Pere” (circa 1944).
Churchill,
Winston: “Boar” also “Per”/“Peer” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Chuzhin,
Ivan Afanasevich”: Afanasev (on ship Litke) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
Ciechanowski,
Jan: Ambassador of the Polish government-in-exile in the U.S. in WWII.
“C-II”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): “S-2”.
“Cio”
[Chio]: Mildred Price in 1944.
CIO,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ciokloxa,
Adam Polish Socialist on Polish
National Council in London, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
CIO-PAC:
See CIO-Political Action Committee
CIO-Political
Action Committee: political arm of the Congress on Industrial Organizations.
“Circle”:
Krug: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Circle”
[Krug] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Silvermaster apparatus.
“Circus”
[Tsirk] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. Department of State,
1939-1940.
Civil
Affairs Division: Department of War and U.S. Army organization overseeing
occupation and civil-military relations in theaters of operations.
Civil
Service Commission, U.S.
Clabb,
?: Described as second secretary of the US Embassy in Chungking, 1942-43
CLAC:
Combined Liberation Areas Committee
“Clan”
[Klan] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Cliveden Set (U.S.)
Clarence,
John: Described as journalist for ADN and author of or chief source of an
article about Klaus Fuchs in the Empire News in 1959.
“Clarion”:
unidentified , / (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Clark”:
Gouzenko, Igor (Canadian line, [West Venona])
“Clark”
or “Clarke” [Klark]: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Clark,
D. [Clarke, Delbert, bureau Manager of NYT in DC] [source Venona]
Clark,
D. Worth: U.S. Senator, 1939-1945 (D. Idaho)
Clark,
Lance: Vincent Reno party name [source
Chambers Witness]
Clark,
Mark General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Clark,
Mark: U.S Army general in WWII and President Truman’s representative to the
Vatican in 1951.
Clark,
Tom, Attorney General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Clark,
Tom C.: U.S. Attorney General, 1945-1949.
Clarke,
Delbert [Clark, D. ), bureau Manager of NYT in DC] [source Venona]
Clark-Kerr,
Archibald (1st Baron Inverchapel): British diplomat, ambassador to Moscow in
WWII, ambassador to the U.S. in the late 1940s.
“Claude”:
Clayton, Walter S. [Australian line] [West Venona]
“Claude”
[Klod] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer,
NY station, 1948. “Claude” is
described as directly supervising Morris and Lona Cohen. Yury Sokolov is identified as the KGB
officer directly supervising the Cohens in this period in Albright and
Kunstel’s Bombshell and, consequently Sokokov is a candidate for
“Claude”.[117]
Clay,
Lucius D.: U.S. Army General, Military Governor, American sector of occupied
Germany.
Clay,
Marjorie: Wife of General Lucius Clay. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Missis”.
Clayton,
? U.S. Army officer member of “The
Twelve Apostles” [source Venona]
Clayton,
W., assistant to the Secretary of State (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Clayton,
William Lockhart: Assistant Secretary for Economic Affairs, DOS, 1944-45
“Clemence”
( Clemens ): Klemens: “Lee” / “Li”: unidentified, redacted possibly Johanna Becker (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona][West treats Clemens and Lee as different persons [West
Venona]
“Clemence”
[Klemens] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, cover named changed to “Lee” in September 1944. (Alternative translation: Clemens) “Clemence” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent but the name was redacted. “Clemence” in the Venona decryptions was
changed to “Lee” in September 1944.[118] Johanna Becker is a candidate for
“Clemence” and “Lee”.
Clements,
F. biologist CA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Clerk
[Chinovnik]: See “Official”.
“Clever
Girl” [Umnitsa] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Elizabeth Bentley,
circa 1940 until August 1944. (Alternative translations Miss Wise, Smart Girl,
Good Girl) “Clever Girl” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Bentley.
“Clever
Girl” [Umnitsa] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified, 1934
cover name of the wife of the director of General Electric. Russian, married him in the Soviet Union.
“Clever
Girl”, “Smart Girl”, “Good Girl”: Umnitsa: Bentley, Elizabeth (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Cliveden
Set: Label created by British Communist journalists and accepted widely of a
conspiratorial aristocratic appeasement-minded and pro-German social network. Named for Cliveden, the country home of
Nancy Astor (Viscountess Astor), one of the alleged appeasement-minded
arristocrats.
“Club”:
section of U.S. Justice Dept. dealing with USSR (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Club”
[Klub] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Justice Department, U.S.,
especially the internal security section of the Justice Department.
Club
(party name): CPUSA, 1946. Club in
reference to the CPUSA was used in an autobiography written by Harry Magdoff in
1946.
“Coal”
[Ugol'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): OSS London station cover
name for British SIS, 1945.
“Coast”:
unidentified name for a place (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Coca-Cola
company: “Ro” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Cochran,
Bert, aka Alexander Goldfarb, E. R. Frank, Herb Coulton, Bert Coltrell, SWP
leader, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Codovilla
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Coe,
Charles J.: Also known as Bob Coe and Robert Coe. Secret Communist activist.
President of Harold Ware’s Communist-front Farm Research Incorporated,
edited its publication, “Facts for Farmers”, wrote for the CPUSA’s Political
Affairs under the pseudonym Robert Digby and appeared in the Daily
Worker as late as February 1950.[119]
Coe,
K.V.: Identified as someone Harold Glasser had know before 1945.
Coe,
Robert D.: State Department official, late 1930s.
Coe,
Virginius Frank: Soviet intelligence source.
Known as Frank Coe. On Adolf
Berle’s 1939 list of those identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert
Communists who were espionage risks. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as part of the Silvermaster espionage group. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Peak”.[120]
Coe,
Virginius Frank: “Peak” / “Pik” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Coffee,
John: U.S. Representative (D. WA).
Coffin:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Cogswell,
Virginia: Girlfriend of Fritz Kuhn recruited as a source by Samuel
Dickstein. Cogswell was a witness in
New York state’s 1939 prosecution, conviction, and imprisonment of Kuhn for
financial irregulars. Also known as
Virginia Overshiner.
“Cohen”:
Scottish, and Chambers thought him a CI reprsentative [source Chambers Witness]
Cohen,
?: Golos recommended for recruitment on technical line in 1942.
Cohen,
Benjamin: New Deal advisor, State Department official, 1945.
Cohen,
Jack: Described as a student Communist at Oxford in the mid-1930s.
Cohen,
Lona: KGB liaison agent [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Cohen,
Lona: “Lesle” [Lesley Lesli] [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Cohen,
Lona: Lesli [Leslie] [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
Cohen,
Lona: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
American, secret Communist.
Birth name Petka. Wife of Morris
Cohen. Convicted of espionage in Great
Britain and later exchanged for a British subject held by the USSR.[121] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Leslie”.
Cohen,
Morris: “Louis” / “Volunteer” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Cohen,
Morris: “Volunteer” [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
Cohen,
Morris, (1910-1995): “Louis”: Israel Altman
Cohen,
Morris: Soviet intelligence source/agent. American, secret Communist. Convicted of espionage in Great Britain and
later exchanged for a British subject held by the USSR.[122] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Volunteer”.
Cohen,
Sidney: Harold Glasser's brother-in-law.
Cohen,
Solomon: Described as an assistant of Joseph Brodsky.
Cole,
GDH (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Coleman,
Eugene Franklin: “Carter” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Coleman,
Frederick William Backus: U.S. Minister, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, 1920s.
Collado,
Emilio: Economist and international finance specialist, Senior official first at the Treasury and
later at DOS.
Collard,
Dudley: British attorney.
“Colleague”
[Kollega] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bella Joseph. Wife of Julius Joseph and employed in the
photographic section of OSS.
“Colleague” appeared in the Venona decryptions as the unidentified cover
name of someone in a photographic section of an unidentified agency and is
compatible with Bella Joseph.[123]
“Colleague”:
Carl Marzani [West Venona]
“Colleague”:
Kollega: unidentified name works in the photographic section pictorial division
[JEH: NSA/FBI footnote assumes this is reference to OWI photographic section,
but OSS had a photographic section too] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Colleagues”
[Kollegi] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB file name for
political contacts in Washington.
Collins,
Henry: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist, mid-level official in a variety of agencies in the
1930s and 1940s. Identified by Chambers
as a member of the original “Ware group” covert CPUSA unit. Identified as active in the CPUSA covert arm
by Hope Hale Davis, Nathaniel Weyl, and others.[124] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “105th”.
Collins,
J. Lawton: Senior American Army general.
Colodny,
Hyman: Member of “Vendor’s” CPUSA espionage group. Activist in CPUSA
Washington, DC in early 1940s.
Columbie
(ship) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Combat
Information Center (journal):
Internal U.S. Army journal.
“Combat:
See “Boy”.
“Combine”:
Kombinat: People’s Commissariat for Foreign Trade (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Combined
Liberation Areas Committee: U.S. Department of State committee.
Comintern:
see Communist International.
Comite
des Forges (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Commerce,
Department of, U.S.. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tea Shop”.
“Commerce
Department”: Tea Shop (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Committee
of Civil Liberties: Reference to the 1936-1941 Subcommittee Investigating
Violations of Free Speech and the Rights of Labor (chaired by Senator William
La Follette) of the U.S. Senate Committee on Education and Labor. Also known as the La Follette committee.
Committee
of Free Germans [source Venona]
Committee
of Information: In the fall of 1947 the MGB foreign intelligence directorate
was combined with the foreign intelligence arm of Soviet military intelligence
(GRU) to form a combined foreign intelligence agency, the Committee of
Information (KI). The MGB remained as a
separate agency but with only domestic responsibilities. However, in the summer of 1948 many of the
military personnel in KI were returned to the Soviet general staff to
reconstitute a foreign military intelligence arm and reconstitute GRU as a
foreign intelligence agency. KI
sections dealing with the new Soviet dominated Eastern European regimes as well
as Soviet émigrés were returned to the MGB in late 1948. Finally, in 1951 the KI’s foreign
intelligence functions were returned to the MGB, and the latter evolved into
the KGB in 1954.
Committee
of Liberation (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Committee
on Cultural Liaisons with Foreign Countries, USSR.
Committee
on Emigration: Likely a reference to the U.S. House Committee on Immigration
and Naturalization.
Committee
on Investigation of the Munitions Industry, U.S. Senate: Chaired by Senator
Nye. Also known as the Nye Committee
Commonweal
magazine (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Communist,
Communists: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Fellowcountryman”,
“Fellowcountrymen”.
Communist
International Youth (journal): likely
a garbled title for a journal associated with the Young Communist
International.
Communist
International: Also known as Comintern.
Communist
International”: Big House (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Communist
Party, USA: CPUSA. Also know as
American Communist Party, Comparty, CP. and ACP. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Fraternal”,
“Fellowcountrymen organization”, “Club”, “Brothers”.
Communist,
The (journal): theoretical journal of
the CPUSA, predecessor to Political Affairs.
Comorera,
Juan (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Comparty:
Communist Party.
“Competitors”:
hostile intelligence agency (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Competitors
(tradecraft term): KGB term for intelligence officers or the intelligence and
security agencies of any nation regarded as hostile or potentially hostile.
“Complex”
[Kombinat] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. Service and
Shipping Corporation, 1943-1945,
“Complex”
[Kombinat] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): People’s Commissariat
of Foreign Trade, USSR (NKVT) in 1941.
Compton,
Arthur (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Compton,
Arthur: Senior scientist involved in the Manhattan atomic project, directed the
“Metallurgical Laboratory” at the University of Chicago where the first atomic
pile with a self-sustaining atomic reaction was achieved.
Comrade
X: KGB report reference to GRU illegal Kogan brought into the U.S. covertly by
ship in 1941.
Conant,
James B.: Chemist, president of Harvard University and chairman of the National
Defense Research Committee in WWII.
Conason,
Emil: New York medical doctor close to the CPUSA. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Invalid”.[125]
“Concern”
[Kontsern] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William R. Hearst.
“Concessionaire”
[Kontsessioner] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Julius Hammer.
“Condenser”
[Kondensator] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Likely Kenneth
Richardson. Long term technical
source/agent. “Condenser” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Kenneth Richardson.
“Condenser”:
Richardson, Kenneth (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Condon,
Edward U.: Physicist. Director of the
National Bureau of Standards. Briefly
deputy to Oppenheimer at Los Alamos.
Conius,
Boris: Son-in-law of Sergey Rachmaninoff:
Connally,
Thomas: U.S. Senator (D. Texas).
Connally,
Tom, Senator (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Constantine”
[Konstantin] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent/source, 1945
(Alternative translation: Konstantine).
Constantinova,
Katia: Variant of Konstantinova, Katerina.
“Construction
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Construction”:
Spain (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Constructor”
[Konstruktor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Abraham Brothman
prior to October 1944. “Constructor” was identified in the Venona decryptions
as Brothman.[126]
“Constructor”:
Konstruktor: Abraham Brothman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Consul”
[Konsul] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, early 30s.
Consulate,
USSR: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Plant”.
“Contact”::
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Continent”
[possibly Australia] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Contracting
(tradecraft term): 1930s KGB term for formal recruitement, especially on the XY
line. Also know as “signing on”.
“Contractor”
[Podryadchik] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1945. Likely Alexander
Saffian. “Contractor” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Alexander Saffian.[127]
“Contractor”:
Podryadchik: Alexander Saffian (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Contreras,
Carlos (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Cooke,
Maurice Bacon: Soviet intelligence source/agent associated with Gayk
Ovakimyan. Cooke was identified as a
KGB contact in Armand Feldman’s FBI file.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Octane”.
“Cookie
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Coolidge,
Calvin: President of the United States, 1923-1929.
Coolidge,
Harold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cooper”:
Maxim: Vasily Mikhailovich Zarubin =
Zubilin [source Feklisov]
Cooper,
Hugh L.: Chairman of the American-Russian Chamber of Commerce, 1932.
Cooper,
K.: Described as general manager of Associated Press, 1944.
Co-optee
(tradecraft term): A Soviet diplomatic, technical, or trade official) detailed
to assist Soviet intelligence activities when a professional officer is not
available with the appropriate skills or in the appropriate position.
“Copericus”
[Kopernik]: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Coplon,
Judith: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Analyst in the foreign agents
registration (counter-intelligence) section of the Justice Department. KGB sent the Comintern a vetting inquity
about her. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.
She was arrested in 1949 in the act of turning over Justice Department
documents to Valentin Gubichev, a Soviet intelligence agent working under the
cover of employment by the United Nations.[128] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sima”.
Coplon,
Judith: “Sima” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Cora”
[Kora] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Emma Phillips. Soviet intelligence source/agent. “Cora” was a cover name in the Venona
decryptions whose identity was established but which NSA redacted when it
released the messages. The Venona
messages indicated that “Cora” was married to another Soviet source, cover
names “Roy” and “Ampere”, who was also identified but whose identify was also
redacted.[129]
“Cora”
[Kora]: redacted, wife of Ampere (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Corchran,
? (garbled real name): (Korkran in Russian.) Described as a U.S. senator in 1945. No senator in the 79th congress had a name close to this. However, the writer of the report, KGB
officer, Bodgan, referred to all members of congress as senators, for example,
identifying the chairman of a U.S. House committee as a senator. Possibly this is a reference to
Representative John J. Cochran (D. Missouri).
Corcoran,
Thomas: White House aide in the early New Deal, later highly influential
lobbyist and lawyer with strong ties to the Democratic Party
Corcoran,
Tom (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Corday,
Charlotte (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Cordell”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Cork”
[Probka]: Pinsly, William (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Corneille”:
Korney appears to be Soviet in the Office,: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Cornet”
[Kornet] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified friendly but
non-recruited diplomatic source of legal KGB officer “Frank”, mid-30s.
Cornford,
John: British Communist recruited for the International Brigades at Cambridge
University, died in the Spanish Civil War.
“Corporal”:
Kapral:: Edward Stettinius, Jr. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Corporal”
[Kapral] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Edward Stettinius,
Jr. “Corporal” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Stettinius.
“Corpus”
[Korpus] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Western Electric company.
“Cort”:
likely Mike Cort aka Floyd Cleveland
Miller
Cosmos
Club, Washington, DC..
Costigan,
Howard: Head of the Washington [state] Commonwealth Federation and a secret
member of the CPUSA.
Costra,
Louis: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Cot,
Pierre: Daedalus [Dedal] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Cot,
Pierre: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
French politician (Radical Party) who advocated strong French alliance
with the USSR. Identified by KBG
defector Walter Krivitsky as a Soviet
source. After the fall of France in
1940, Cot fled France and offered his services to the USSR via the CPUSA. Received the Lenin Peace Prize from the USSR
in 1953. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent with the cover name “Daedalus”.[130]
Council
of People’s Commissars, USSR.
Council
on Foreign Relations, USA.
“Country”:
Strana: USA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Country
House”: Dacha: U.S. embassy, Moscow.
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Country”
[Strana] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): USA. “Country” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as the USA.
“Countryside”
[Derevnya] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified but
likely Mexico. “Countryside” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Mexico.
“Countryside”:
Mexico (Countryside is Derevnya in
Russian ) (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Couple’
or ’Pair”: ’Cheta’: Fisher, Nicholas and Maria (KGB line) [source Venona]
Courageous
[Smel'y]: See “Plucky”.
“Courier”
[Kur'er] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. An American
detective, source for “Grin”/Spivak.
Couve
de Murville, Maurice (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Coventry”:
unidentified cover name (GRU line) [source Venona]
Cover
name no. 22 twenty-two: Hogman, Captain.
“Cowboy”:
Rosal Diaz, Amaro, Spanish pro-Communist Socialist] (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Coworkers
(tradecraft term): Soviet military, naval and air attachés.
CPA:
Communist Party of America, more formally, the CPUSA.
CPE:
Communist Party of England, more formally, the CPGB.
CPGB:
Communist Party of Great Britain.
CPSU:
Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
“Crab”
[Krab] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, head of an illegal line, 1948.
“Cradle”
[Kolybel'] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): New York University.
“Cranberry”
[Klyukva] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. Army Security
Agency, 1948.
Crandall,
Harlan W.: Mid-level government official involved in the 1941 theft of Civil
Service Commission records for commercial purposes.
Crane,
William Edward: “Keith” [source William Crane FBI file]: Pete [source Tanenhaus
Whittaker Chambers ]
Cricher,
A. Lane: U.S. Commerce Department official, early 1930s
Cripple
Creek (ship) [source Venona]
Crist,
William I.: British general.
“Critic”:
Kritik: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Cromwell,
James H.R.: American financier, husband of Doris Duke, and major Democratic
Party fundraiser.
“Crook”
[Zhulik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Samuel Dickstein.
Crouch,
Paul: CPUSA organizer who became a FBI informant and witness.
Crouch,
Sylvia: CPUSA member, wife of Paul Crouch.
“Crow”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Crow
Bar”: Lom: unidentified, possibly garble of Pasha (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Crowley
[Krouli] of FDIC (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Crowley,
Leo, FEA head, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Crowley,
Leo: Senior government war administrator, director of the Board of Economic
Warfare, Foreign Economic Administration, and other posts.
“Crucian”:
Karas: Ivancic, Anton (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
CSSR:
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.
C/t:
Cipher telegram
Cudahy,
John Clarence: Senior American diplomat, 1930s.
Cummings,
Homer Stille: U.S. Attorney General, 1933-39.
“Cupid”:
Amur: unidentified: also “Zhannet”: Jeannette
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cupid”
[Amur] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, assigned to anti-Trotsky work, 1939. Likely Robert Sheldon Harte.
“Cupid” (under the transliterated Russian as “Amur”) was identified in
Andrew and Mitrokhin as Robert Sheldon Harte.[131]
Currie,
Lauchlin: Page [Pazh] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Currie,
Lauchlin: Soviet intelligence source/agent. His ties to the Washington
Communist underground went back to the mid-1930s. Chambers described him as working with the underground as a fellow
traveler rather than a party member.
Adolf Berle’s 1939 notes on his conversation with Chambers have Chambers
describing Currie as someone who cooperated with the underground but who “never
went the whole way”. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of the
Silvermaster espionage group.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[132] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Page” (1942-1946), “Cecil” (to Akmerov in 1944), “Vim” (1948).
Curry
(Kerri?): unidentified, probably an American Troskyist? (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Curtiss,
John Sheldon (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Curtis-Wright
aircraft.
Curtius,
Julius: German foreign minister, 1929-1931.
Cushing,
Richard James: American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Archbishop of
Boston from 1944 to 1970, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958.
Cutting,
Suydam (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Cyrano”
[Sirano] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, Paris, 1947.
“Czech”:
Chekh: Abram: Soble, Jack (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Czech”:
Chekh: also “Bob”: Menaker, Robert Owen
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Czech”
[Chekh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jack Soble starting in
September 1944. “Czech” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Jack Soble.[133]
Czernin,
Ferdinand / (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
XXD
“D”.:
[dd] unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“D.,
Mrs”. (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Harry Gold reference to Kristel
Fuchs Heineman.
D
work, possibly sabotage from Diversiya
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
D’ya...
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
D'Abernon,
Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon: British politician, diplomat, and
writer.
“Dacha”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U. S. embassy in Moscow 1943.
“Daedalus”
[Dedal]: Pierre Cot (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Daily
Worker (newspaper): CPUSA daily
newspaper.
Daimler-Benz.
Dajton:
Dighton: [GRU cipher clerk] [source Venona]
“Dak”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Described as Trotskyist, potential target
of cultivation. Likely James
Cannon. “Dak” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as James Cannon.[134]
“Dak”:
James P. Cannon (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Daladier,
Édouard: French political figure.
Dallin,
Mrs. David J.: Lidiya Estrina (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dalstroy
(ship) [source Venona]
Damanchuk,
Simon: Ukrainian nationalist.
“Dan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Stanley Graze. “Dan” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified but in a
context that suggests Stanley Graze.[135]
“Dan”:
unidentified source, possibly American in London in 1945 (U.K. KGB line)
[source Venona]
Dan:
unidentified [JEH: message about Russian exiles, probably real name reference
to Menshevik Theodore Dan] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Danaher,
John: U.S. Senator, 1939-1945 (R. CT)
“Dandy”:
unidentified source (U.K. line, [West Venona])
Dangic'
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Daniel'”(cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Daniel”.
“Daniel”
[Daniel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified DOS
subsource of KGB source “10”/“Leo”.
Judged by KGB to be a fake source invented by “10”/“Leo” to gain more
financial benefits from KGB by pocketing the subsidy paid Daniel. Also known as “12”.
Daniel
Willard (ship) [source Venona]
Daniels,
Josephus: Secretary of the Navy, 1913-1921.
“Danilov”:
unidentified, may be Vladimir V. Gavrilyuk (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Danya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1945.
“Dar”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Gift”.[136]
“Dar”:
Gift: Kasparov, Grigory (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dara”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Assisted in recruiting informants among German refugees on the
West Coast.
Darcy,
Samuel: Senior CPUSA leader expelled in 1944 for criticizing Earl Browder's
leadership.
Dark
(tradecraft term): When information is gained “in the dark” it means that the
informant does not know he or she is giving the information directly to a
Soviet intelligence officer. When
someone is used “in the dark” it means the intelligence officer has misled the
person used as to exactly who he or she is assisting. Someone misled into believing he or she is delivering information
to the CPUSA rather than directly to the KGB is said to used “in the dark” even
though the person assumed that the ultimate recipient of the information was
the USSR.
Darling,
Byron Thorwell: Soviet intelligence source/agent, scientific intelligence. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Huron” until October 1944, then “Ernst” until February 1945, then it reverted
to “Huron” once more.
Darling,
Mrs. Byron: Soviet intelligence source/contact. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Lida”.
“Dasha”:
Wicher, Maria [mother of Fora Wovschin] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dashman,
Saul, Scotia NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dauber,
M. of Dauber and Pine Bookshop, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Daugherty,
Harry Micajah: U.S. Attorney General, 1921-1924.
“Daughter”:
Voge, Marietta, née Jirku, wife of Noel Voge (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
Daugs,
Willi, German businessman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Davey
[Unidentified] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
David (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks, a given name used
as a cover name): David Smilg.
Davidson,
Ben: David Benjamin (party name) [source Chambers Witness]
Davidson,
Gerald: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Davies,
Joseph: Businessman, U.S. ambassador to the USSR in the 1930s, advisor to
President Roosevelt on Soviet matters.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ami”.
Davies,
Joseph E.
Davies,
Ralph (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Davila,
Carol [Charles] A., Rumanian figure: “Docker” [Ducker]: “Daker” [Doker] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Davis”
/ “Devis” / “Dlinnyj” / “Long”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Davis”
/ “Devis” / “Spark”: unidentified [unclear if this is “Davis”/”Long”] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Davis”
[Devis] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Norman Hight after October
1944.[137] Davis is not directly named in Vassiliev’s
notebooks as Hight. However. “Davis” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent whose cover name was
earlier “Long”, and “Long” is identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Norman
Hight.[138]
“Davis”
[Devis] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Valentin Borisovich Markin,
illegal KGB station chief early 1930s. References to in 1933.
Davis,
Elmer: Senior American journalist and chief of the Office of War Information in
WWII.
Davis,
James: Los Angeles police chief, 1933-1938.
Davis,
Marion Berdecio born Marion or Marian Davis, married Berdecio [Marian?]: “Lou”
/ “Lu” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Davis,
Marion: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Married name: Marion Davis Berdecio.
Davis was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence
source with the cover name “Lou”.
Comintern records contain a 1944 KGB vetting inquiry about Davis. Davis in 1944 worked on the staff of the
Office of Naval Intelligence at the U.S. Embassy in Mexico and later for the
Office of Inter-American Affairs in Washington.[139] The Office of Inter-American Affairs was
absorbed into the State Department in 1946, and Davis is a candidate for the
cover name “Lou” that appears in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks as associated
with the State Department in 1946.
Davis,
Norman H.: Senior American diplomat, in the mid-1930s referred to in the press
as “ambassador-at-large”, although this was not an official title at the
time.
Davis:
unidentified in Portland (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“Davydov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, New
York KGB station 1952.
Davydov
(ship) [source Venona]
Dawson,
William, U.S. Ambassador to Uruguay (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Day,
Stephen: U.S. Representative, 1941-1945 (R. IL)
“Dayvin”:
code name for New York KGB radar source [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
D.B.
(initials): Described as a representative of the Department of the Treasury
sent to Moscow in 1945.
De
Alba, Adolfo Orive: “Okh” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
De
Frutas (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
De
Gaulle: “Ras” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
de
Gaulle, Charles: Leader of the Free French. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Ras”.
de
la Sierra, Maria: “Africa” [Fisher
network, KGB post WWII] [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
De
Lacey, Hugh: U.S. Representative (D. Washington, 1945-1946), secret member of
the CPUSA.
de
Lozoada, Enrique S. (KGB U.S. Line)
[source Venona]
de
Paul, Santiago, son of Nelken Mansberger de Paul, (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
De
Sancha, Tomas”: brother of Jose Sancha Padros (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
De
Sveshnikov, Valdimir Vladimirovich: see Sveshnikov, Valdimir Vladimirovich.
De
Sveshnikov, Valdimir Vladimirovich
DeSveshnikov, also see Svechnikov.
Source for Chambers & Bykov network, ballistics expert. [source
William Crane FBI]
Dead
drop (tradecraft term): A dead drop or dead letter box, is a location used to
secretly pass items between two people, without requiring them to meet.
Deak,
Frank, Columbia University and Pan-American airways (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dean,
Gordon: Chairman of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1950.
Dean,
Mary: Sister of Faye Glasser.
Dean,
Sidney: Faye Glasser's brother-in-law.
Deane,
??: Described as head of the American Secretariat on the German occupation
Control Council.
Deane,
John R. (real name) and the Deane mission.
General John R. Deane headed the U.S. military mission in Moscow,
1943-1945.
Deans,
Antonio Gomez: Oliver (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dear:
See “Dir”.
Debs,
Eugene: American Socialist leader in the early 20th century.
Debuchi,
Katsuji: Japanese ambassador to the U.S., early 1930s.
Declerc,
general (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Decree”:
Dekret: Lend Lease (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Decree” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S.
Lend Lease program and agency, circa 1944.
“Decree” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Lend Lease.
“Ded”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Grandfather”.
“Ded”:
Grandfather, possibly Maksim Litvinov, Soviet Ambassador (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Dedich?;
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Dedushka”:
Grandpapa: Evgeny Kiselev (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Deer:
See “Dir”.
Degan,
Thomas: Described as New York Police official involved in antiradical
activities.
“Deighton”:
contact of Irving Nelson [West Venona])
“Deighton”:
Dighton: Dajton [probably GRU cipher clerk] [source Venona]
“Deka”:
Sounding Board: unidentified cover name
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dekabrist
(ship)
Dekanosov,
Vladimir Georgievich , Head of cipher and communications of NKID] (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
Dekanozov,
Vladimir G.: Deputy chief of NKID, 1940-1947.
“Dekret”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Decree”.
del
Vayo, Julio Alvarez: Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Spanish Republic during
the Spanish Civil War, a Socialist (PSOE) who supported close alliance with
Communists and the Soviet Union.
del
Vayo, ?Oulio Alvarez, of Spain (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Delano,
Luis (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Delgass,
Basil: See Vasily Delgass.
Delgass,
Vasily: Vice-president of Amtorg, defected 1930. Testified to Rep. Hamilton
Fish’s Special Committee to Investigate Communist Activities, asserted that
Amtorg was used as a cover for espionage. Also know as Basil and Basilie
Delgass.
Delonier,
?: Described as Boris Morros’s banker.
Demchenko,
Vasilij [Vasily] Nikolaevich (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Demid”
or “Demidov”: Abramvo, Aleksandr Stepanovich
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Democratic
National Committee.
Dempsey,
John J.: U.S. Representative (D. NM)
Denikin,
Anton and Dinikinists: Tsarist Army general and leader of anti-Bolshevik White forces in the Russian
Civil War.
Denisenko,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Dennis,
Eugene: Ryan [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
(
Dennis,
Eugene, (Dzhin, Denis, Dennis) (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona] Dennis used
a Comintern party name of “Tim Ryan”.
Dennis,
Eugene: Senior CPUSA leader, second ranking leader under Earl Browder in the
early 1940s, chief of the party after Browder’s fall in 1945 until 1959. Comintern
and KGB records documents Dennis’s role in inserting covert Communists into OSS
and OWI.[140] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Physician”.
Denny,
Harold: New York Times Moscow correspondent.
“Dent”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
“Department”:
American Russian Institute
“Depo”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Depot”.
“Depot”:
War Production Board (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Depot”
[Depo] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): War Production Board,
U.S. “Depot” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as the War Production Board.
Depres,
posibly Joseph Deprez of Free French (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Deputy
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Deputy”:
Wallace, Henry [West Venona]
“Deputy”:
Zamestitel: Possibly Harry Hopkins or possibly Henry Wallace (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Deputy”
[Zamestitel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Laurence
Steinhardt. References to in 1939.
Der
Tog, Zionist newspaper (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Derbi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Derby”.
“Derby”
[Derbi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Henry Linschitz.
“Derevnya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Countryside”.
Deribas,
Terenty D.: Senior KGB officer,
Executed in Stalin’s Terror, 1937.
“Derivat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Derivative”.
“Derivative”
[Derivat] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): N.M. Ellias.
Dern,
George H.: U.S. Secretary of War, 1933-1936.
Deryabin
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Desiatka”
/ “The Ten” (Ten Spot, Ten-ruble note, Tenner) cover name for ten Soviet
students who worked for KGB (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Designer:
See “Constructor”.
Desna
(ship)
Desnan
(ship) [source Venona]
Despres,
Emile (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Despres,
Emile: Senior official in OSS economics division, later with the State
Department in 1945.
“Desyatym”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tenth”.
“Detective”
[Detektiv] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Martin Dies.
“Detektiv”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Detective”.
Deutsch (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Deutsch,
Alfred (pseudonym): Arnold Deutsch’s Austrian passport name.
Deutsch,
Arnold: Senior KGB illegal officer.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Stephan”.
“Devis”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Davis”. Davis in Russian can also be spelled Deyvis.
“Devis”:
Davis: also “Dlinnyj”: Long: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Devushka” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Young
Woman”.
“Devyatkin”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Devyatkin,
Boris: GRU officer in the US. in the late 1920s, early 1930s using the
pseudonym Dick Murzin.[141]
Dewavrin,
Andre Lucien Charles Daniel: Passy, Col
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dewer,
?: Describes as first secretary of the U.S. Embassy in Iran, 1950.
Dewey,
Thomas: Governor of New York (1942-1954) and Republican presidential candidate
in 1944 and 1948. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kulak”.
Dewey,
Tom: Fist: Kulak (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Deyvis”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Davis”. Davis in Russian can also be spelled Devis.
“Dezhiro”:
Describes as of French Mission: possibly Giraud. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Délano,
Luis Enrique, Chilean Consul in Mexico City, 1940-1947 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
d-f:
delo-formulyar: card file.
“Diana”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, New York station 1938.
“Diana”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified source or agent, 1942,
thought to have some access to Harry Hopkins’s secretary.
“Diana”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence agent,
transferred to the U.S., contact established 1941, reference to in 1943. May be the same as “Diana” 1942.
“Dick”:
Dik: Bernard Schuster (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dick”:
GRU officer (U.K. line, [West Venona])
“Dick”
[Dik] (cover name in Venona): Bernard Schuster.
Dick
or Dik [unidentified GRU cipher clerk], (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Dick
(pseudonym): Elizabeth Bentley’s pseudonym for Donald Wheeler.
Dickstein,
Samuel: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
U.S. Representative (D. New York, 1923-1945). Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Optant” (1937), then
“Crook”.
Dickstein’s
Committee: U.S. House Special Committee on Un-American Activities,
1934-1937. Also known as the
McCormack-Dickstein committee.
“Dicky”
[Diki] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent 1945, a radio journalist/commentator. Likely Johannes Steele.
“Dicky” was identified in the Venona decryptions as journalist Johannes
Steele.[142]
“Dicky”:
Dicki: Diki: Steele, Johannes (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Dieckhoff,
Heinrich: German Ambassador to the U.S., 1938.
Diehl:
Birthname of Grohol, Mary: Lenson, Marianne: Gringo (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Diels,
Rudolf: Protege of Hermann Goring and head of the Prussian political police
(predecessor to the Gestapo) in 1933-34.
Dies,
Martin: U.S. Representative (D. Texas, 1931-1945, 1953-1958), chairman of the
U.S. House Special Committee on Un-American Activities (Dies committee,
1938-1944). Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Detective”.
Dietrich,
Rudolf (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Diettmar,
Kurt, German commentator
Digest (journal): Unidentified journal, apparently an
internal U.S. military journal of some sort.
“Dighton”:
Dajton [probably GRU cipher clerk] [source Venona]
“Dik”
(cover name in Venona): See “Dick”.
“Dik”
/ “Dick”: Bernard Schuster (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Diki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Dicky”.
“Diktor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Announcer”.
“Diktor” (Dictor)
or “Radio-Announcer” (Announcer): William Donovan: (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Dili”:
unidentified cover name [JEH; looks like Chinese Nationalist intelligence] (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dimitrievich,
Victor: Described as OSS officer/staff.
“Dina”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): wife of Dan (Stanley Graze), Mrs. Stanley
Graze.
“Dina”
/ “Dinah”: Mrs. Ray Gertrude Kahn (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dinah”
/ “Dina”: Mrs. Ray Gertrude Kahn (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Diplomat
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Diplomat”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dir”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mary Price from late 1941 to August
1944. (Alternative translations: Dear,
Deer). “Dir” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as Mary Price.
“Dir
”: Price, Mary Wolfe (KGB U.S. line) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Dir”:
Price, Mary Wolfe (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Direction Finder”: Kovoj, Anatolij [Anatoly]
Vasilevich (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
Directive
echelon: Soviet idiom for the upper leadership apparatus of the CPSU.
“Director
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Direktsiya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): A See “dministration”. (Alternative
translation: Directorate).
“Discovery”:
See “Godsend”.
“Disk”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Distant
Neighbors”: KGB in Naval GRU lingo [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Division
of Studies and Progress Reports: section of UNNRA.
Division
of the American Republics, U.S. Department of State.
Dixon,
?, of Montelier company [source Venona]
“Dlinny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Long”.
“Dlinnyj”
/ “Long” / “Davis”: Devis: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dmitriev,
Evgenij [Evgeny] Aleksandrovich, third secretary of NY consulate, head of
Couriers and Cipher office: “Si” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dmitrieva,
Aleksandr Nikolaevna: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dmitriy”
or “Dmitry”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dneprostroj
(ship) [source Venona]
Dobbs,
Farrell, member Socialist Workers Party (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dobrokhotov,
?: Senior Soviet official, 1953.
Dobrolet:
Early Soviet society promoting civil aviation.
Dobrovolsk,
Nikolay Stepanovich: Described as a mentally-ill Moscow citizen.
Dobrowolski,
Stefan (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Dobson:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Dock”:
Navy Department (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Dock”
[Dok] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. Department of the Navy. “Dock” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as the Navy department.
“Docker”
[Ducker]: “Daker” [Doker]: Davila, Carol [Charles] A. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Doctor”
[Doktor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Maurice Frocht, early 30s.
“Doctor”
[Doktor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1934 supplied false passports.
Dodd,
Jr., William: “President” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Dodd,
Jr., William E.: “Sitsilla” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Dodd,
Martha: Maiden name of Martha Dodd Stern.
See Martha Dodd Stern.
Dodd,
William: Historian, Democratic party activist, U.S. ambassador to Germany,
1933-1938.
Dodd,
William, jr.: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Son of Ambassador William Dodd. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[143] Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a
Soviet source/agent. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Boy” (1936-1939)
and “President” (1939-1948).
Dodge,
Ethel Geraldine Rockefeller (Mrs. M. Hartley Dodge): Purchased the building
housing the Soviet consulate in 1946 and declined to renew the lease on terms
acceptable to the USSR.
“Dodger”:
Lovkach: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dog”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mastiff”.
“Dok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Dock”.
“Doktor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Doctor”. (Also see Vrach.)
Dolbin,
Grigory: Soviet intelligence officer, U.S. 1946-47. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Grigory”.
“Dolchik”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Dolivet,
Johanna: Described as the German wife of Louis Dolivet prior to his marriage to
Beatrice Straight.
Dolivet,
Louis: Brother-in-law of Michael Straight and head of the Free World
Association. Also know as Ludovici
Udeanu and Ludwig Brecher. Romanian
born, naturalized French cititizen active in French Communist politics in the
1930s in association with Pierre Cot and Willi Munzenberg and a leader of La
Rassemblement Universal Pour La Paix, an anti-Fascist front with strong
Communist and Soviet ties. Escaped the
fall of France and came to the United States in 1940. Brother-in-law of Michael
Straight. Later a well-know figure in
the Hollywood movie industry.
Dolzhenko,
Anatoliy (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Dom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Home”.
“Dom”:
House: unidentified in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dombi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Domby”.
“Domby”
[Dombi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Emanuel Schwartz.
Domeratzky,
Louis: U.S. Commerce Department official, early 1930s.
Domevskaya,
Olga (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Don”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Koral in 1936 until August 1944.
“Don”:
John Sherman [source Chambers Witness]
“Don”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Don”:
Uribe Galdeano, Vicent] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Donal'd”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Donald”.
“Donald”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Donald”:
William Ludwig Ullmann (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Donald”
[Donal'd] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Ludwig Ullmann
begining in August 1944 (after “Polo”), changed to “Pilot” in September 1944.
“Donald” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Ullmann.[144]
Donald,
U.S. Captain, “Who is loyal to us” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Donbass
(ship) [source Venona]
Donchenko,
Moisej Nikolaevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Donini,
Ambrogio (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Donovan,
James: Prominent New York attorney, 1960s.
Donovan,
William: “Diktor” “Radio
Announcer” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Donovan,
William: U.S. Army genral, organizer and commander of OSS. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Announcer”.
DOP:
Delo Operativnoy Perepiski: Operational Correspondence file.
“Dora”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Silvermaster. “Dora” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Helen Silvermaster.[145]
“Dora”:
Helen Witte Silvermaster (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dorian”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Thomas A. Fineberg.
“Dorian”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified courier 1934 between Davis’
KGB illegal station and the legal station.
“Dorin”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): George Eltenton.
Dorkarkhanova:
Wife of S. A. Vasilyev.
Dorn,
Walter: OSS official.
Dorogov,
Vasily Georgievich: Soviet intelligence officer.
Dorokhov:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Dorosi,
?, of rubber section WPB [source
Venona]
“Dorothy”
[Dorotti] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mildred Price.
“Dorotti”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Dorothy”.
Dorr,
Russell: Senior OSS officer, Turkey.
DOS:
Department of State, U.S. Sometimes
referred to in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks as MID, Russian
abbreviation for the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In those cases, MID is translated as DOS.
“Douglas”:
Duglas: Joseph Katz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Douglas
aircraft company.
“Douglas”
[Duglas] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Katz beginning in
August 1944, changed to “X” in September 1944.
“Douglas” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Katz.[146]
Douglas,
Helen Gahagan: U.S. Representative (D. CA, 1945-1950.
Douglas,
Lewis W.: U.S. ambassador to London, 1947-1951.
Douglas,
Melvyn: Well known Hollywood actor, 1930s-1960s. Husband of Helen Gahagan Douglas.
Dowel:
See “Spline”.
Downey,
Sheridan: U.S. Senator (D. CA, 1939-1951).
Doxsee,
Sylvia Lorraine Callen: Sylvia Franklin: “Satyr” / “Satir” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dozd”:
Thrush: also “Akhmed”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Drachuk,
P.F. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Dragon”
[Drakon] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Van de Graaff.
“Drakon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Dragon”.
Draper,
William H., Jr.: Undersecretary of the Army, 1947-1949.
Dreyfus,
U.S. Ambassador in Iran (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Drogojowski,
married to Nataliya Aszkenazy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Drone”
[Truten'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, subsource of “Talent”.
“Drop”:
Mosely, Philip, Russian section of OSS and U.S. State Dept. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Drozd”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Thrush”.
Drozdov,
Leo: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Drozdova,
Mariya (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Drug”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Friend”.
“Drugg”
[Friend ]: Stennes, Walther [Walter] [ appears to be KGB Tokoyo or Asian
channel] cited to Courier of Russian Intelligence May 1991. [source Schecter Sacred “Secrets]
“Drugstore”
/ “Apteka”: unidentified, possibly an institution , 1945 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
DST:
Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire, Frence counter-intelligence agency.
“Dubki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Oaklings”.
Dubna:
Russian city, cite of major Soviet nuclear research facilities.
Dubois:
unidentified source (U.K. line, [West Venona])
Dubois,
A. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dubois,
Josiah E., Jr.: Senior advisor to Secretary of Treasury Morgenthau.
DuBois,
Josiah Ellis, Assistant the the Secretary of the Treasury, representative to
Reparations Commission. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dubrovsky,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Duche”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sergey M. Shpigelglaz.
“Ducker”:
Daker: Davila, Charles A. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Duclos,
Jacques: French Communist Party leader and nominal author of a Soviet composed
article in Les Cahiers du Communisme denouncing Earl Browder’s reforms
of the CPUSA as ideologically unacceptable.[147]
“Duga”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Arch”.
Duggan,
Helen Boyd: Wife of Laurence Duggan.
Cognizant of and supported her husband’s activities of Soviet
intelligence.
Duggan,
Laurence: “19” in 1930s [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Duggan,
Laurence: “Frank” [Frenk]: Knyaz: “Prince” / “Sherwood” [Shervud] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Duggan,
Laurence: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Duggan joined the State Department
in 1930 and served as Latin American Division chief, 1935-37, then chief of the
Division of the American Republics (merger of the Latin American and Mexican
Divisions). On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list
of those identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were
espionage risks. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent. Identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as a Soviet source/agent.
Identified as a KGB source by Hede Massing. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “19” (and variants
“Nineteen” and “Nineteenth”) starting in 1935.
Briefly designated as “Official” by the Legal station in 1935. Designated as “Frank” in Iskhak Akhmerov
reports in 1942-1943, but also continues to be referred to as “19” in this
period in other documents. Appeared as
“19” again in August 1944. A Moscow
directive changed his cover name from “19” to “Sherwood” in August 1944, then
“Prince” starting in September 1944.[148]
Duggan,
Stephen P.: Father of Laurence Duggan, professor at CCNY and founder of the
Institute for International Education.
“Duglas”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Douglas
“Duglas”:
Douglas: Joseph Katz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dukanovic’
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Duke,
Doris: Wealthy heiress.
“Duke”
[Gertsog] unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dukhobors
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Dulles,
Allan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dulles,
Allen: Senior OSS official, later Director of Central Intelligence.
Dulles,
Clover Todd: Daughter of Allen Dulles, served in OSS.
Dulles,
John Foster
Dulles,
John Foster: U.S. Secretary of State, 1953-1959.
Dumay,
Henry: Described as correspondent of Victor Hammer, 1945-1948.
Dunaievski,
Grisa (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dunaievski,
Isaac”: Lar (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Duncan,
Rear Admiral J. US. Naval attache Moscow, 42-43, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Duncan:
unidentified probably Admiral J. Duncan
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Dunn,
James, U.S. State Dept. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dunn,
James: U.S. State Department official, foreign service officer.
Dunning,
John (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dunning,
John: Columbia physicist and leader of work on gaseous diffusing uranium
separation.
Dunts,
?: KGB agent slated for infiltration into Germany via the battle front, late
1941.
Dunts,
Karl: KGB officer or agent, worked with Harry Gold, 1936-38. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Achilles”.
Dupont,
Alfred (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
DuPont
Corporation
“Durant”:
redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Durant,
William James: Prominent historian, philosopher and writer.
Duranty,
Walter: New York Times Moscow correspondent in the 1930s.
Durbrow,
Elbridge: Senior American diplomat, chief of DOS East European division in
WWII.
Durmashkin,
Ilya Lvovich: Russian immigrant to the United States, member of the Communist
Party and an employee of Amtorg. He
returned to the USSR in the early 1930s and executed as a Trotskyist in 1938.[149]
Dutch
Harbour (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Dutsch,
Julius (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Duval,
Colonel (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Duver”:
probationer in Vadim’s office (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Duya”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Duya’s
son”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
D.V.:
Dalniy Vostok: the Far East.
“Dvina
(ship) [source Venona]
Dvoichenko-Markov,
Demetrius”: Hook: Khuk (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dvoichenko-Markov,
Eufrosina”: Masha (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Dvorets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Palace”.
Dwight,
E.V., Jr. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Dworkin,
Euzebiusz (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Dyadenko,
Ivan Ivanovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Dyadya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Uncle”.
Dybenko,
Pavel: Senior Red Army officer, late 1920s.
Dzerzhinsky,
Felix E.: Organizer and first chief of Cheka.
“Dzhanetta”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jeanette”.
“Dzhek”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jack”.
“Dzhek”
/ “Jack”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Dzhems”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “James”.
“Dzherom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jerome”.
“Dzhon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “John”.
“Dzhon”:
John: also “Gudson”: Hudson: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Dzhoni”
/ “Johnny”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Dzhonson”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Johnson”.
“Dzhunior”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Junior”.
Dzhurma
(ship) [source Venona]
Dziedzic,
Frank Jones, employee of Thomas Black at National Oil Products. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
XXE
“E-14”:
unidentified (KGB San Francisco) with
E. Pugachev (ship) [source Venona]
“Eagle”:
Orel: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Eagle”
[Orel] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as a journalist
and sent to Europe. Reference to in
1942. “Eagle” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified source in deactivated status in 1944.[150] The journalist Winston Burdett is a
candidate for “Eagle”. Burdett, who
later testified regarding his cooperation with KGB, was a journalist, worked
for the Brooklyn Eagle at the time of his recruitment, and assisted KGB
in Europe from 1940 to 1942 while working as a war correspondent.
“Eagle
Owl” [Filin] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Elmer Davis.
Easley,
Ralph: Head of the National Civic Federation and conservative anti-Communist
activist.
Eastern
Airlines (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eastern
Division of the I.S.: likely a reference to the Eastern Division of the German
intelligence service.
Eastman,
Max: A well-know radical writer in the 1910s and 1920s sympathetic to
Bolshevism, associated with Leon Trotsky in the late 1920s and increasingly
anti-Stalinist and anti-Communist in the 1930s and later.
Eaton,
Charles A. (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
Eaton
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eble,
Francis Xavier A.: U.S. Commissioner of Costoms, 1929-1933.
ECFEP:
European Combined Foreign Economic Policy committee.
Echelon
(Soviet idiom): See Directive echelon.
“Echo”:
Bernard Schuster (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Echo”:
Bernard Schuster [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Echo”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 [not “Echo”/Schuster of 1944-45]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Echo”
[Ekho] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bernard Schuster beginning
in June 1943. “Echo” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Schuster.[151]
“Eck”
[Ek] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Victor Perlo.
Ecker,
Ira: Senior American Army Air Force general.
Eckhard,
Jonis [Louis Owen Eckhard], Bell Aircraft engineer (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Economist”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ed:
Party name for Edward Fitzgerald, 1940s.
“Eddi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Eddie”.
“Eddie”
[Eddi] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Albert Kahn.
Eddy,
William A.: Senior OSS officer.
Edelman,
Mary: Sister of Jacob Golos.
Eden,
Anthony (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Edit”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Edith”.
“Edith”
[Edit] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks, given name used as a cover
name): Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Likely Edith Tudor Hart. “Edith” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Edith Tudor Hart. “Edith”
was identified in West and Tsarev as Edith Tudor Hart.[152]
“Edith”
[Edit] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Recruited in Paris. References to in 1948.
“Editor”:
Konstantin Umansky [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Editor”
(Redaktor): Umansky or Umanskij, Konstantin A., Soviet Ambassador to Mexico]
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Editorial
Office” [Redaktsiya] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): TASS. “Editorial Office” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as TASS.
“Editorial
Office”: Redaktsiya: Tass (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Eduard”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence liaison with Jones
York, likely Emanuel Locke. References
to in 1937, 1938.[153]
“Eduard”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Edward”:
unidentified source, KGB (U.K. line, [West Venona])
“Edwards”
/ “Black”: Gerhart Eisler, mid-30s Comintern pseudonyms [source F. Firsov]
Edwards,
R. M.: Described as an official of the State Department. KGB suspected it was a fake name in a
fraudulent document.
Edwards,
Robert: Left Socialist British politician.
Leader of the Independent Labour Party, a left split from the Labour
Party.
Edwards,
Vice Admiral Richard S.[NGRU line] [source Venona]
“Efim”:
Makarov, Semen I, KGB [Australian line, West’s Venona]
Efimov,
Afanasy: Described by Boris Morris as one of his Soviet intelligence officer
contacts in Vienna.
“Efrem”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Efremov,
Konstantin Alekseevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Efron,
David: Argentine resident in U.S. since 1932, link to Council for Pan American
Democracy. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Egipko
”: unidentified name au (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Egor”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Egorichev,
Capt (1st Rank) I.A. Soviet Naval Attache DC”: unidentified name five, #5:
unidentified name ninety-one, #91: unidentified name ce (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Egorn”:
Ejorn: Nathan Einhorn (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Ehrenburg,
Ilya (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Ehrenburg,
Ilya: Soviet writer.
Einhorn,
Nathan: “Egorn” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Einstein,
Albert: Theoretical mathematical physicist.
Described as a cousin of Hans Mayer.
Eisenberg,
?: Golos recommended Eisenberg’s recruitment on technical line in 1942.
Eisenbert,
Werner (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eisenhower,
Dwight: Commander of Allied forces in Western Europe, later U.S. president.
Eisenhower,
Mamie: Dwight Eisenhower’s wife.
Eisenhower,
Milton: Brother of President Eisenhower.
Eisler,
Gerhart: “Black” / “Edwards” mid-30s Comintern pseudonyms [source F. Firsov]
Eitingon,
General Leonid Aleksandrovich: “Pierre” [source Sudoplatov]
Eitingon,
General Leonid Aleksandrovich: “Tom” [source Sudoplatov]
Eitingon,
General Leonid Aleksandrovich (Ejtingon)]: “Tom” (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Eitingon,
Leonid: See Eitingon, Naum.
Eitingon,
Matthew: Executive of a New York fur company described as involved in the
Robinson/Rubens passport fraud case.
Eitingon,
Naum Isakyevich: More often know as Leonid Eitingon. Soviet intelligence officer.
Used the cover name “Tom” during much of his long career that included
tours in the United States and Mexico, supervision of Leon Trotsky’s murder,
and other tasks. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tom”.
“Ek”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Eck”.
“Ekho”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Echo”.
EKOSO:
Economic Conference.
“Ekspert”
/ “Expert”: Abraham Brothman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
EKU
OGPU: Ekonomicheskoye Upravlenie (EKU), OGPU's economic directorate.
“El'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fir”. (Alternative translation:
Spruce)
“El”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Alfred Slack prior to October 1944. Variant of “Ell”. “El” and “Ell” both appears as the cover name Alfred Slack in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. It is
not clear if this was a artifact of the KGB cipher system or carelessness by
whoever wrote the reports cited. “Ell”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent whose cover name was changed to “Bir” in October 1944.[154] See “Ell”.
“El”:
unidentified cover name [Compare with El/Fir and Ell/Beer??] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“El’
Russian for Fir (Spruce)”: Keenan, Helen Grace Scott (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Elbrus
(ship) [source Venona]
“Elder”
[Starshy] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harold Urey. (Alternative translation: “Senior”)
“Eldorado”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eleanor
[daughter of Gertsog, Frank Iosifovich (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Electric
Pole” [Polyus] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical line.
Described as employed at DuPont and a source until 1941 when
investigated by FBI. (Polyus is pole in
the sense of an electric or magnetic pole and is the cover name of a technical
espionage source. To minimize confusion
with Pole as someone from Poland, it is here translated as Electric Pole rather
than simple as Pole.)
“Electrician”
[Elektrik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent 1940.
“Elektrik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Electrician”.
“Element”:
Martynenko, Stepan Filippovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elena”:
Elena Enriqueta Huerta Muzquiz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elena”:
Seda: Vazquez Gomez, Elena (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Eleron”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Aileron”.
“Eleron”:
Aileron: Silverman, Abraham George (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eliacheff,
Boris: “Palm” (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Elias”
/ “Elija” / “Ilya” unidentified cover
name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Elitcher,
Max: target of recruitment, 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elijah”
/ “Elias” / “Ilya” unidentified cover
name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elisha”:
Kurnakov’s son (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elizabeth,
II: Queen of the United Kingdom.
“Elizarov”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elkin”:
Kalinin [probably not Tikhon Ivanovich] (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
Elkina,
Vera G. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ell”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alfred Slack prior to October 1944.
Variant of “El”. “El” and “Ell” both
appears as the cover name Alfred Slack in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. It
is not clear if this was a artifact of the KGB cipher system or carelessness by
whoever wrote the reports cited. “Ell”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent whose cover name was changed to “Bir” in October 1944.[155] See “El”.
“Ell”
/ “L” / “Bir” / “Beer”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ella:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Ellen”:
unidentified source, GRU (U.K. line, [West Venona])
Ellenbogen,
Wilhelm (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Elli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Elly”.
Ellias,
N.M.: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Chemist, worked at Dupont, recruited in 1934, deactivated 1938. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Derivative”.
Ellinger,
?: Described as BEW official.
“Ellis”:
unidentified , (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Elly”
[Elli] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): GRU source in British
intelligence identified by Igor Gouzenko.
“El'man”
(cover name or possible real name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Elman”.
“Elman”
(cover name or possible real name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Described as a
traitor by KGB in 1938.
“Elsa
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Elsa”:
unidentified source, New York [West Venona]
“Elsa”
[El'za] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Lowry (mid-1945) (Alternative translation: Elza). “Elsa” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Lowry.[156]
“Elsa”
[Elza]: Lowry, Helen, wife of Akhmerov, niece of Earl Browder. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Elsa
(nick name): see Poretsky, Elisabeth.
Elson,
Rae: Also know as “Ray Elson.’ Bentley identified Elson as a long-time courier
for the KGB who at KGB direction replaced Bentley at the United States Service
and Shipping Corporation.[157] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Irma”.
Eltenton,
George Charles: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[158] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Dorin”.
“Eltsov”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eltsov,
D.I. [ensign in Soviet Navy] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eltsov,
Junior Lt (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Elvehjem,
C.A., Wisconsin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“El'za”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Elsa”.
“Elza”:
Helen Lowry [source Damaskin Harris]
Elza:
See “Elsa”.
“Em”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Medes Grineff starting in July 1942,
changed to “Zam” by October 1943.
EM:
[possibly from Emigratsiya] penetration of anti-Soviet refugee
societies. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ema”:
Mamlyga, Vitalij [Vitaly] Semenovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Emba
(ship) [source Venona]
Embassy
of the USSR: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Trust”.
Embassy
of the USSR: Cover name in Venona: “Trust”.
Emelyanov,
?: An official connected to the Soviet Chief Directorate on the Peaceful Use of
Atomic Energy.
Emelyanova,
Ksenia Arkhipovna, possibly mother of Patriot (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Emerson,
Edwin: American journalist, pro-German.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Star”.
Emery,
Edith: Emery had been born in Hungary in 1905 and came to the U.S. in 1930 as
an exchange student at Bryn Mawr and got a M.A. there in 1931 and then studied
economics at the Brookings Institution.
In the U.S. she used the names Andrea Emery (her Hungarian given name
was “Ondra”) and Edith Emery. She went
to Hungary in 1932 to obtain a divorce from her Hungarian husband, returned to
the U.S. in 1932 and taught economics at Fordham and Bennington. In 1933 she married Edmund Stevens and
became a U.S. citizen. They, however,
divorced in 1935. She also completed a
Ph.D. in economics at Columbia and worked as an economist for the New Deal’s
Resettlement Administration and later for the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She also married Roy Hudson, a senior
official of the CPUSA, in 1936. Emery
worked in the CPUSA Washington underground in the mid-1930s. When Whittaker Chambers described the
activities of his CPUSA-GRU network in the mid-1930s to the FBI, he mentioned
one woman in contact with the network whose name he remembered as “Andre
Embrey” and whom he described as Hungarian, the girlfriend of CPUSA offical Roy
Hudson, and a secret Communist who worked for a government agency. Chambers identified a picture of Emery as
the woman he had remembered as Embrey.[159] Candidate for the cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Squirrel”.
Emery,
Edith Ondra (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Emigres:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Guests”.
“Emiliya”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]. See “Emma”.
“Emir”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Bukhartsev.
“Emma”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Helen Lowry. The New York KGB station proposed changing Lowry’s cover name
from “Stella” to “Emma” in September 1944, but it does not appear that this
change was adopted. “Stella” continued
to appear as Lowry’s cover name into 1945.
New York KGB station’s proposed cover name shifts of 2 September 1944
are in the White notebook #1, p. 55 and in the Venona decryptions 1251, New
York to Moscow, 2 September 1944. The
substantive text is nearly identical, indicating that Alexander Vassiliev made
his notebook entry from a copy of the cable sent to Moscow. One minor difference between Vassiliev’s
notes and the cable as deciphered by NSA is that Vassiliev’s notes have the New
York station proposing changing “Stella” to “Emma” while NSA’s deciphered
version has the New York station suggesting changing “Stella” to
“Emiliya”. The difference between
“Emma” and “Emiliya” may be a product of a minor error in NSA’s recreation of the
KGB code book.
Emmett,
Beatrice: Described as a cousin of Milton Golos. Married name Kligman.
Emory,
Edith: see Emery, Edith.
“Employer”:
Khosyain: Buchman, Henry [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Employer”
[Khozyain]: See “Boss”.
“Emulsion”
[Emul'siya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical intelligence at Eastman Kodak 1938 and as
a technical intelligence source in 1943, probably aviation related. Likely but not certainly these two
“Emulsions” are the same. “Emulsion”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified technical intelligence
sources in the aviation industry in 1943. “Emulsion” changed to “Signal” in the
Venona decryptions in October 1944.[160]
“Emulsion’s”
brother (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1938, brother of “Emulsion”.
“Emul'siya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Emulsion”.
“Emulsiya”:
Emulsion: also “Signal”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Endelman,
Michael (pseudonym): GRU agent know to Elizabeth Bentley who used the work name
“Marcel” and had American identification as Michael Endelman.[161] Endelman is presumed to be a pseudonym. Cover name/work name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Marcel”.
“Enemigo”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Enemy”
[Vrag] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Walter Krivitsky.
Engels,
??: Described as executive officers of Telefunken, 1945.
Engels,
?: Described as a Telefunken top manager.
“Engineer”:
unidentified cover name (possibly Jones
York?) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Engineering
Research Corporation.
Enigma:
See “Riddle”.
“Enimego”:
Unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Enk”:
Unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Enormaz”:
(usually “Enormos”) “Enormous”: Manhattan project: U.S. Atomic energy project
and in some occurrences uranium 235. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Enormous”
[Enormoz] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): cover name given to the
espionage project targeting the Anglo-American atomic bomb development and the
Manhattan atomic project. “Enormous” was identified in the Venona decryptions
as the Manhattan project. “Enormous”
was identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as the Manhattan project.
“Enormoz”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Enormous”.
“Enormoz”:
U.S. atomic bomb project [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Enthusiast
(ship) [source Venona]
Entich,
Otto, German businessman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Entoni”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Anthony”.
Epshteyn,
Shakhne: Described as associate of Julius Hammer at Pravda.
Epstein,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Steamship ticket sales agent in NY, assisted in providing fake
passports.
Epstein,
Israel: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Polish born, raised in China by Communist parents. Journalist and Communist activist. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Minaev”.
Epstein,
Jacob: “Harry-2” / “Harry”: Garri (KGB U.S. and Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Epstein,
Julius, brother in law of Nelson Chipckin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Epstein,
Mrs. Jacob: aka Wilson, Ruth: “Nona” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Epstein,
Sidney: Washington Times-Herald writer.
Equitemby:
Described as a major American insurance company. Likely a spelling/translation garble. Equitable Life Insurance is a possible candidate for the
referenced company.
Ercoli
(Comintern party name): Italian Communist leader Palmiro Togliatti.
Erdman,
Commander, Robert Park, Feb. 43 was in charge of Liaison with Soviets crews for
minesweepers bing built by Tampa Shipbuilding Corporation, head of the Natives
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Eremin”:
unidentified in DC (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ergossco”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Eric”
/ “Erik”: redacted: Leona Vivian Franey (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Eric”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
“Eric”
[Erik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Engelbert Broda, 1942-44,
U.K. “Eric”/Broda appears to be identical with the unidentified Soviet source
“K”. in West and Tsarev and Andrew and Mitrokhin.[162]
“Eric”
[Erik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB
officer/agent, early 1930s.
“Erie”:
unidentified, changed to “George” or “Leader” (a decoding problem) in October
44 then Moscow ordered changed to “Ernest” in February 1945. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Erie”
[Iri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Paul G. Nahin. “Erie” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified scientific source/agent.[163]
“Erik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Eric”.
“Erik”:
Eric: redacted: Leona Vivian Franey (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Erikh”:
unidentified, KGB source in DOS, mid 1930s [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Erlich,
Leon: Soviet intelligence informant.
Elizabeth Bentley identified Erlich as a technical writer on the
aviation industry paid by Jacob Golos to provide information and articles on
aviation subjects.[164]
Erlygin,
Evgeny: Soviet POW interviewed by American intelligence.
Ermachenko,
Captain-Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Erna”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence contact. Described as traveling with “Betty”/Zarubin
in 1935 to the U.S. to get passports renewed.
Very likely Vasily Zarubin’s wife, Elizabeth Zarubin.
“Ernest”:
former “Erie”: unidentified cover name
changed to “George” or “Leader” [possible decoding problem) in October
44 then Moscow ordered changed to “Ernest” in February 1945. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ernest”:
unidentified former “Huron” changed to Ernest in Oct 1944 but this was canceled
by Moscow February 1945, and reverted to “Huron”. See “Erie” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Ernest”:
cover name in the Venona decryptions that appears in Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks as “Ernst”, likely a minor
error by in Venona recreation of the Soviet code book.
“Erni”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ernie”.
“Ernie”
[Erni] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1948.
“Ernst”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Noel Field in 1936.
“Ernst”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Byron Darling from October 1944 to
February 1945. In the Venona
decryptions “Huron”/Darling was changed to “Ernst”/Darling in October 1944 but
this was canceled by Moscow Center in February 1945, and the cover name
reverted to “Huron”/Darling.[165]
“Ernst”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Paul Nahin, 1945. “Ernst” under the alternative translation as
“Ernest” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified scientific
source/agent (the former “Erie”) from February 1945 onward.[166]
“Ernst”
or “Ernest”: unidentified (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“Erofey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, London, 1946.
“Ersh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ruff”. (Ersh is Russian for a type of fish known as Ruff or Ruffe in
English but also has several other meanings, including that of a mixed beer and
vodka drink.)
Ervin,
Charles W.: Socialist and prominent American civil libertarian, 1920s.
“Eskulap”
/ “Aesculapius”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Estonian
Legion
Estrina,
Lidiya”: Mrs. David J. Dallin (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Estrina,
Lidiya: Former Trotskyist activist in France in the 1930s, married to David J.
Dallin in the United States.
Ethridge,
Mark F.: Senior American diplomat, 1945.
Etinger,
?: Described as a manager at Julius Hammer’s pencil factory.
Eugene
(party name): Described as clandestine CPUSA figure in Washington, DC, in the
mid-1930s known to Victor Perlo.
Euler,
Rose: see Rose Browder.
“Eureka”
/ “Evrika”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Eurofeem”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, London, 1946.
European
Combined Foreign Economic Policy committee: U.S. State Department committee.
“Evans”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): John Veymut. Also spelled in the notebooks as “Veytmut” and and “Beymut”.
Evans,
Robert: Joseph Freeman pseudonym on masthead of New Masses [source
Chambers Witness]
Evdokimov,
Dmitri M.
“Evgenev”:
Petr Nikolaevich Kubatkin, head of First (Foreign Intelligence) Chief
Directorate in June 1946. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Evgeny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1942.
Evropmar,
John (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Evstratova,
Varvara Vassilievna: Russian born wife of Edward Ames.
“Ewald”:
Soviet intelligence officer know to Chambers: Ikal, Arnold (real name):
pseudonyms Robinson, Donald: Reubens, Adolf
(Robinson/Reubens case)[167]
Ewert,
Arthur: Real name German Communist and Comintern agent in Brazil in 1936 who
was using the pseudonym of Harry Berger.
Excelsior
newspaper (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Experimental
Center Y: see Site Y.
Experimental
Center X: see Site X.
Experimental
Center W: see Site W.
“Expert”:
Brothman [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Expert”:
Ekspert: Brothman, Abraham: Konstruktor: Constructor (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Express
Messenger” [Gonets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Richard
Setaro. “Express Messenger” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Setaro.[168]
“Express
Messenger [Gonets] = redacted”: Ricardo
Setaro (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Eyring,
H, chemist Princeton (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Eysu”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Heim.
“Ezh”
/ “Hedgehog”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ezhov,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Efremovich: “Zharov “
“Ëmiliya”:
Cover name in the Venona decryptions: See “Emiliya”.
XXXF
F.
Dzerzhinskiy (ship) [source Venona]
“Faber”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB office, slated for
illegal station chief in the U.S., 1940.
Fabergé:
Cosmetics firm owned by Communist sympathizers.
“Fabrika”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Factory”.
Fabritsius
(ship) [source Venona]
Fabrizi,
? General: Contact of Martha Dodd in 1937.
Face,
?: Reference to a possible DOS employee in Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks.. (Possibly a cover name.)
“Factory”:
Amtorg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Factory”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Cover name for the Manhattan atomic
project used by Harry Gold with Klaus Fuchs.
“Factory”
[Fabrika] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Amtorg. “Factory” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Amtorg.
“Fadeev”:
Shestak (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Fahy,
Jack Bradley: “Maxwell” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Failed
and failures (tradecraft term): KGB idiom for a source/agent/officer who could
no longer be used because they had been compromised or exposed by arrest or
identification by hostile security authorities or who defected or left service
without KGB permission.
Fainberg,
?: Associated with Amtorg in 1924 according to Vasily Delgass..
Fairfax-Cholmeley,
Elsie: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
British wife of Israel Epstein.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Girl Friend”.
“Fairy”
[Feya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1938.
“Fakir”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Andrew Steiger prior to October 1944.
“Fakir” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent.[169] In the Venona decryptions, “Fakir” became
“Arnold” in October 1944.
“Arnold”/Steiger does not occur in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
“Fakir”:
Arnol: Arnold: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Falcon”
[Sokol] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source, Douglas aviation draftsman 1930s. References to in 1935, 1937, 1938.
Fall,
Albert B.: U.S. Secretary of the Interior, 1921-1923.
False
flag (tradecraft term): When an officer/agent induces someone to assist or
provide material by pretending the destination for the material is a nation
(the ‘flag’) or customer other than it really is. For example, a technical agent working for KGB may induce a
colleague to steal technical information by pretending it is commercial
industrial espionage for a domestic or foreign corporate rival rather than
espionage on behalf of the USSR.
“Fan”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Fanton”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Believed to be an error in the original
for “Foton”.
Far
Eastern Commission: Allied diplomatic commission established to review peace
and occupation terms in Asia after the surrender of Japan.
Far
Eastern Republic: Soviet republic established in former Russian Far East and
Siberia in 1920, fully absorbed into the USSR in 1922.
Farish,
Linn Markley: Soviet intelligence source/agent, OSS officer in Yugoslavia. Cover name in the Venona decryptions
“Attila”.
Farish,
Linn Markley, senior liaison officer with Tito from September 1943,
parachutist, killed 9 September 1944: Attila (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Farley”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Farley,
James: Franklin Roosevelt’s campaign manager in 1932 and later Postmaster
General.
“Farm”:
Foreign Economic Administration (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Farm
Credit Administration, U.S.
“Farm
hand” / “Batrak”: unidentified cover name
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Farm”
[Khutor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. Foreign Economic
Administration (FEA), December 1944.
“Farm” was identified in the Venona decryptions as the Foreign Economic
Administration.
Farm
Security Administration, U.S.
Farm:
See Ferma.
Farnsworth,
John: Former U.S. Naval officer arrested for espionage on behalf of Japan in
1936.
Farouk
I: King of Egypt.
Farrell,
Michael: Described as the head of an American displaced persons agency in
Austria in 1950.
Fast,
Howard: Soviet intelligence contact. Popular
writer and Communist.
“Faun”
[Favn] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer,
30s, New York station.
“Favn”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Faun”.
Favorov,
Petr Aleksandrovich, Engineer Captain-Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source Venona]
FBI:
“Khata” (a peasant’s hut) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“FBI”
(cover name): Meca Sanches, Fernando (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Fe...”.:
partial of unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
FEA:
Foreign Economic Administration, U.S.
Fedchenkoff,
Benjamin J., Metropolitan of the American-Russian Orthodox Church in NY:
Benjamin (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Federal
Laboratories: a private U.S. armor and arms firm.
Federal
Reserve Board: U.S.
Federated
Press. Also known as Federated Labor
Press. Left-wing news agency of the
1920s-1940s..
Fedichkin,
D.G.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center.
“Fedor”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Gyorgi Sokolov. (Alternative translation: Fyodor).
“Fedorov”:
Terentev (on ship Emba) (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
Fedorov,
Evgenij Konstantinovich, Head of Chief Directorate of the Hydro-Meteorological
Service in Moscow (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Fedoseev,
I.I. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Fedosimov,
Pavel Ivanovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Likely the real name (or diplomatic pseudonym) behind “Stepan” in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks for the acting chief of the New York station
1947-1948. Cover name “Stepan” in the
Venona decryptions in 1944.[170] In the Venona decryptions,
“Stepan”/Fedosimov arrived at the New York KGB station in 1944.
Fedosimov,
Pavel Ivanovich: “Stepan” [some early Venona decryptions give Fedosimov as the
real name behind “May”/”Maj” but this is an error corrected later] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Fedotov,
?: Described as Bolshevik in America that Julius Hammer assisted in escaping to
the Soviet Union.
Fedotov,
Al. Mihkailovich: Described as someone Boris Morros met in Moscow.
Fedotov,
Anton Nikolaevich (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fedotov,
Leonid Nikolaevich (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fedotov,
Petr V.: Senior KGB official Moscow, 1940s.
Pseudonym: Petr Vasilyevich Ivanov.
Fedotov
[possibly Anton Nikolaevich Fedotov, Leonid Nikolaevich Fedotov, 3rd secretary
in NY, or Vasilij [Vasily] Fedotov, a
trade official] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Fedotov,
Vasilij [Vasily] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Fedya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Remington. (Alternative translation: Ted or Teddy:
Fedya is a diminutive of Fedor, and Fedor is the Russian equivalent for
Theodore.)
Feinstein,
Isidor: Birth name of I.F. Stone. See Stone, I.F. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Pancake”.
Feis,
Herbert: Senior State Department official, 1930s.
Feiz,
Herbert: misspelling of Herbert Feis.
Feklisov,
Alexander: “Kalistrat” / “Fomin” (source Feklisov)
Feklisov,
Alexander: KGB officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Callistratus”. “Callistratus” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Aleksandr Semenovich Fomin, the
pseudonym Feklisov used when under diplomatic cover in the U.S.[171]
Feklissov,
Alexander: aka Fomin, Aleksandr Semenovich, U.S. name for Feklissov:
“Kalistrat” / “Callistratus” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Feldman,
Armand Labis (pseudonym): Soviet intelligence officer, real name Iosif V.
Volodarsky. Also know as Armand Lavis Feldman.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Brit”.
Feldman,
Armand Lavis: Volodarsky, I.V. KGB
officer in the U.S. in 1930s, dropped out and moved to Canada, interned early
in WWII, cooperated with Canadian RCMP to avoid deportation to USSR, RCMP
turned information over to FBI.
“Felipe”:
Grigulevich, Iosif R.: “Maks” and “Arthur” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Felix”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Fellow
Travelers” [Poputchiki] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks):
Foreigners at Soviet institutions and local Soviet citizens who are permanent
residents in the country.
“Fellowcountryman”
and “Fellowcontrymen” [Zemlyak, Zemlyaki] (cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks): Local Communists, members of the CPUSA or other fraternal Communist
party/organization. “Fellowcountryman”
was identified in the Venona decryptions as a member of the CPUSA.
“Fellowcountryman
party”: CPUSA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Fellow-countrymen”:
Zemlyaki: CPUSA members (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Felson,
Milton, ( Felsen correct spelling ) IB, OSS
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Female
Teacher” [Prepodavatelnitsa] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB
agent in Moscow, 1946, used to cover the Hammer family.
Ferdinand,
Prince Louis: Prince of Prussia, member of the Hohenzollern family, and
successor to the abolished German monarchy in the 1930s.
Ferguson,
Duncan: secretary and bodyguard for Mrs. Trotsky, 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Ferma”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified institution that David
Greenglass tried to get a job at in 1949.
Ferma means farm in Russian, but khutor is another Russian word
that is also often translated as farm, and “Khutor” was used by KGB as the
cover name for the Foreign Economic Administration, and “Khutor” was translated
as “Farm” in the Venona decryptions.
Rather than confuse matters, here “Khutor” is also translated as “Farm”
while “Ferma” is left in its transliterated form.
Fermi
and/or Oppenheimer: “Star” [source Sudoplatov]
Fermi,
Enrico: Italian physicist, leading scientist on the Manhattan atomic
project. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Vector”.
Fermi,
Enrico (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fernald,
M.. biologist from Cambridge, Mass. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fernandez
de Castro, Jose Antonio: “Machado” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Ferra,
Ricardo Jose Barcelo, Argentinian was in Garibaldi brigade in I.B. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ferro”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander N. Petroff after October 1944.[172] “Ferro” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Petroff.
“Ferro”
/ “Fin”: Aleksandr N. Petroff (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ferro”:
Throssell, Ric [Australian line, [West Venona]
“Ferz'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Queen”.
Fetvays,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Feuchtwanger,
Leon: Soviet intelligence source.
Refugee German writer and KGB informant on exiled Germans.
Feuer,
Lewis: Philosophy instructor at CCNY. Described by Jacob Golos as source of
information on FDR and Churchill in 1941.
Lewis Feuer later in life became a highly productive writer on
philosophy and intellectual history.
Associated with Communist and Trotskyist circles in the 1930s and 1940s
he became an ardent opponent of New Left radicalism in the 1960s and 1970s.
“Feya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fairy”.
Feyn: see David Fine.
Field,
Frederick Vanderbilt: Wealthy secret Communist, active in the Foreign Policy
Association, the Institute for Pacific Relations, and headed the American Peace
Mobilization, a Communist front group of the Nazi-Soviet Pact period.
Field,
Henry [source Venona]
Field,
Hermann: Brother of Noel Field.
Secretly imprisoned in Communist Poland in 1949 as part of the
“Fieldist” conspiracy. Released in 1954
when a Polish defector, Jozef Swiatlo, revealed his imprisonment.
Field,
Kate: Wife of Hermann Field. Maiden
name Kate Thornycroft.
Field,
Noel: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Field joined the U.S. State Department
in 1926. By 1936 he was a mid-level
official working on international arms limitation negotiations and U.S.
cooperation with the League of Nations. In 1936 he resigned his position in the
U.S. State Department to take a post with the League of Nations. Identified as assisting Soviet espionage KGB
by defector Hede Massing and by his own statements to Hungarian Communist
security police. On Adolf Berle’s 1939
list of those identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were
espionage risks.[173]
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “17” and “Ernst”.
Field,
Philip [target for recruitment], (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Fierlinger,
Captain Jan, Information officer of the Czechoslovak consulate in New York:
Ofitser: Officer (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fifth
line: security of Soviet merchant fleet and personnel (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Fighter”
/ “Boets”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Fil”
/ “Phil”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Filger,
of Dresdner Bank (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fil-Go,
A. (abbreviation for A. Fil......skij of Fil...skoj (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Filin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Eagle Owl”.
“Filip”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Philip”.
“Filipp”:
Philip: unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Film”
[Plenka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent at Eastman Kodak 1938.
Richard Briggs is a likely candidate for Film.
“Filosof”:
Philosopher: unidentified name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Filov”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Fin”
/ “Ferro”: Aleksandr N. Petroff (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Finansist”
/ “Financier”: Joseph Muchnik (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Find”:
See “Godsend”.
Fine,
David: Described as lieutenant serving with the U.S. occupation government of
Germany, 1945. The family name was
spelled Feyn in Russian and, in addition to Fine, alternative
translations are Fein and Fane.
Fineberg,
Thomas A.: Target of recruitment.
Describes as a physicist at Manhattan atomic project Los Alamos, studied
at University of Chicago. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Dorian”.
Finestone,
Maxwell: In 1947 Julius Rosenberg revived his WWII apparatus for the KGB but
sought new contacts as well. In 1948
Rosenberg is described as cultivating “Plumb” who was described as an active
student Communist at an unidentified college.
After Julius Rosenberg was arresed, a cell mate informant told the FBI
that Julius Rosenberg has identified Finestone as someone he had
recruited. Interviewed by the FBI,
Finestone admitted that he had been a young Communist at Cornell University in
the late 1940s and knew Julius Rosenberg but claimed he had dropped out the the
party his senior year (1949) because of the pressure of school work and had no
involvement in espionage. But James
Weinstein, a fellow young Communist had Cornell, stated that Finestone had told
him that he had dropped out to do secret work for the party. The FBI also developed evidence that
Finestone had been associated with Alfred Sarant, a veteran member of
Rosenberg’s apparatus when at Cornell, and Finestone later had lived for some
months in 1949, apparently rent free since his own income was nearly
non-existent, at an apartment in New York that had been the residence of Alfred
Sarant, William Perl and Joel Barr (all members of Julius Rosenberg’s technical
intelligence apparatus), and a site where much of the Rosenberg group’s
photographic work was performed.[174] Candidate for the cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Plumb”.
“Fink”:
Pantsyrnyj, Capt. (First Rank) Pavel A. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Fink”
[Stukach]: See “Informer”.
“Finogenov”:
in the “Store” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Fir”:
Fir tree (Russian El'): Keenan, Helen
Grace Scott (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Fir”
[El'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Likely Helen Grace Scott
Keenan. Described as the secretary of
French journalist Geneviève Tabouis.
“Fir” (Alternative translation: Spruce) was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Helen Grace Scott Keenan.[175]
First
Chief Directorate: Foreign intelligence arm of the KGB. See Pervoe Glavnoe Upravlenie -- PGU.
First
Line: political intelligence (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fischer,
Louis: An influential American journalist of the 1930s, early enthusiast for
the Republican cause and for the International Brigades and covert courier for
Comintern funds to Spain.
Fish,
Hamilton: U.S. Representative, 1919-1945 (R. NY)
Fisher,
?: KGB agent slated for infiltration into Germany via the battle front, late
1941.
Fisher
(Boyko), Nicholas and Maria: “Cheta” / “Pair”/”Couple” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fisher
[Rybolov]: See “Fisherman”.
Fisher,
Vilyam Genrikhovich, born William Fisher, (1903-1971) in England then taken by
mother to Russia, active in Soviet intelligence since 1927, illegal rezident in
U.S. 1948-1950, arrested by FBI in 1957, exchanged for Gary Powers in 1962:
Mark, Martin Collins: Emil Goldfus: Rudolph Ivanovich Abel:
Fisher,
Vilyam Genrikhovich, who took the name of a fellow agent Rudolf Ivanovich Abel,
code name Mark [source Damaskin Harris]
“Fisherman”
[Rybolov] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Stephen Urewich until
September 1944. “Fisherman” “Rybolov”, with alternative translation as
“Osprey”, appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. “Fisherman”
is not directly identified as Urevich in Vassiliev’s notebooks. However, “Fisherman” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent later changed
to “Block”. “Block” in Vassiliev’s
notebooks is identified as Stephen Urewich.
Therefore, “Fisherman” is Urewich.[176]
“Fisherman”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Fisherman”:
unidentified source New York [West Venona]
“Fist”
/ “Kulak”: Dewey, Tom (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fitin,
Lt. General Pavel M., head of KGB foreign intelligence operations,: “Victor” /
“Viktor” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Fitin,
Pavel (1907-1972), KGB chief of foreign operations 1939-1946
Fitin,
Pavel: Senior KGB officer, chief of KGB
foreign intelligence in WWII. Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Victor”.
Fitzgerald,
Edward: Father of source Edward Fitzgerald.
Fitzgerald,
Edward: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[177] Secret Communist and economist with the WPB
and the FEA. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as part of the Perlo espionage group. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Ted”.
Fitzgerald,
Edward J.: “Ted” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fitzgerald,
Edward Penrose: “Greyhead” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Fitzgerald,
Mary: Mother of source Edward Fitzgerald.
“Fizkul'turniki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gymnasts” (Alternative
translations: Physical Fitness Enthuiasts, Athletes, Physical culturalists).
Flanagan,
Hallie: Drama teacher at Vassar.
Flato,
Charles [source Venona]
Flato,
Charles: Soviet intelligence source/agent. On the staff of the Board of
Economic Warfare in WWII and later on the Senate Labor and Public Welfare
committee. Flato was identified in the
Venona decryptions as a KGB source. KGB
sent Comintern a vetting inquiry about him in 1944.[178] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Boy”.
“Fledgling”
[Ptenets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Richard Koral
(Alternative translation: Nestling).
Fleischman:
Family owners of Fleischman’s Yeast company.
Fleisher,
?: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Fleming,
president of Association of Terrestrial Magnetism [Naval GRU line] [source
Venona]
“Floke”
or “Floks” or “Phloke” or “Phlox”: Rose Olson (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Floks”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Phlox”.
“Flora”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ruth Rivkin, staff of UNRRA. “Flora” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified cover name reporting on UNRRA.[179]
“Flora”:
unidentified cover name or possible Flora Wovschin (KGB U.S. line)
Flosdorf,
Earl W.: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Outpost”.
Flowers,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley: High profile
Communist organizer in the 1920s and 1930s.
Fochs:
see Fox.
“Fogel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Fogel”.
“Fogel”
/ “Vogel” / “Pers” / “Persian”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Fogel”
[Fogel'] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Russell McNutt prior to
September 1944. “Fogel” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[180]
“Foks:
See Fox.
“Foks”
/ “Fox”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Foley,
?: Described as U.S. Consul General, 1941.
Folkoff
(Folkov), Isaac”: Uncle (Dyadya) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Folkoff,
Isaac: Senior member of the California Communist party and West Cost liaison
between the KGB and the CPUSA. On Adolf
Berle’s 1939 list (with his name spelled “Volkov”) of those identified by
Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage risks, Folkoff was identified in the Venona
decryptions as assisting Soviet espionage and having the cover name of “Uncle”.[181] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Uncle”.
“Fomin”:
unidentified, radio operator with marine transport cover (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fomin,
Aleksandr: Pseudonym used by Alexander Feklisov when in the U.S. under
diplomatic cover.
Fomin,
Aleksandr Semenovich [Feklissov]: “Kalistrat” / “Callistratus” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Food
Store” [Gastronom] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): People’s
Commissariat of Foreign Trade, USSR. (Narodny Komissariat Vneshney Torgovli:
NKVT).
For
Russia: Described as a newspapers
published by NANG’s leadership in Bulgaria.
Forbes:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Foreign
Agents Registration Section: Section of U.S. Justice Department involved in
counter-espionage operations.
Foreign
Economic Administration, U.S. (FEA): Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Villa” (1942 to November 1944, “Farm” (December 1944-)
Foreign
Office, U.K.: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Back Street”.
Foreign
Policy Association.
“Forest”
/ “Lesovia”: Canada (GRU line) [source
Venona]
Forge:
See “Gorn”.
Formayster,
?: GPU counterintelligence officer, 1924.
Formidable
(ship) [source Venona]
“Forpost”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Outpost”.
Forrestal,
James: U.S. Secretary of the Navy, 1944-1947, Secretary of Defense, 1947-1949.
Forward: Jewish newpaper with a Social Democratic
orientation.
Fosdick,
?: Probably Henry Emerson Fosdick, prominent liberal Baptist minister.
Foster,
Jane: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Concealed Communist. Foster
worked for the Board of Economic Warfare in 1942 and then in the Indonesian
section of the Office of Strategic Services from 1943 to 1945. Foster was identified in the Venona
decryptions as an Soviet intelligence source/agent. Indicted for espionage as part of the Sobel apparatus but was
abroad at the time of indictment and refused to return for trial. Also known as Jane Foster Zlatowski.[182] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Slang”.
Foster,
Jane [Zlatowski], in Netherlands Study Unit, to BEW, to OSS: “Slang” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Foton”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Photon”.
“Foton” or “Photon”; Pritomanov, Leonid G. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Fotos..”.:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Foulkes,
Charles: Canadian general.
“Foursome”
/ “Chetverka”: four KGB students (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fourth
line: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fovitsky,
?: Described as editor of Novoye Russkoye Slovo and rector of the
Russian People’s University.
“Fowler”:
Lovestoneist delegate to CI congress [source Chambers Witness]
Fowler,
Glenn: Scientist involved in the Manhattan atomic project.
“Fox”
/ “Foks”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 0 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Fox,
?: Associated with Amtorg in 1924 according to Vasily Delgass.
Fox,
?: (Foks in Russian) Described
as a State Department official, 1945. (Alternative translation: Fochs)
Foxcroft
School: Elite girls’ preparatory school.
Fraina,
Louis: Leading figure in the creation of the Communist Party of America in 1919
and its first international secretary and representative to the Comintern.
Francy,
Leona Oliver: Spelling error for Franey, Leona Oliver.
François-Poncet,
André: French ambassador to Germany, 1931-1938.
Franey,
Leona Oliver: Chief librarian at Bell Aircraft. She and her husband were in the early stages of recruitment by
KGB when approached by FBI and agreed to work as double agents. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Zero” until October 1944, then “Eric”.[183]
Franey,
Leona Vivian, Librarian at Bell Aircraft: “Nul” / “ Zero” / “Erik” or “Erika” /
“Eric” or “Erica” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Frank”
and Frank’s wife (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent and wife (contact), 1948. Warned to leave USA when FBI surveillance noticed.
“Frank”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Laurence Duggan’s designation in reports
of “Mer” in 1942-1943. “Frank” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Duggan.[184] “Frank” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Duggan.
“Frank”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer 1933-1935.
“Frank
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Frank”:
Duggan, Laurence [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Frank”
/ “Frenk”: Laurence Duggan (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Frank”:
Moosen, Arthur (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Frank”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Frank,
Karl: Paul Hagen [KGB U.S. Line0 [source Venona]
Frank,
Pete: Described as a connection of Harold Glasser in 1945.
Frankel,
Jan: Austrian Trotskyist activist who came to the U.S. in the late 1930s and
became a influential figure in the American Trotskyist movement.
Frankfurter,
Felix: New Deal activist and U.S. Supreme Court Justice.
Frankfurter,
Gerda: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Candidate for the circa-1937 cover names “Rita” or “Valet”.[185][186]
Franklin
Institute of Research: May be a garble for the Benjamin Franklin Institute of
Technology.
Franklin,
Salmond, see Franklin, Zalmon
Franklin,
Sylvia: Doxsee, Sylvia Lorraine Callen: “Satyr” / “Satir” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Franklin,
Zalmond David: Veteran KGB courier and agent. Also known as Irving Zalmond
Franklin, Salmond Franklin, and Franklin Zelman. American Communist and veteran of the Spanish Civil War. Married for a time to Sylvia
Callen/Caldwell. There are indications
that Franklin, who did considerable covert work for the Soviets, at time deliberately
transposed his name and used spelling variations. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[187] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Chap”.
Franklin,
Zalmond [or Salmond] David: “Chen” in 1944
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Franklin,
Zalmond, see Franklin, Salmond
Franks,
Oliver: British ambassador to the U.S., 1948.
“Frantsuz”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Frenchman”.
Fraser,
Leon, former head of Bank for International Settlements.
Fraser,
Speir, Meyer and Kidder: Wall Stree. law firm.
“Fraternal”
[Bratsky] (cover name): Refers to a local Communist party, such as the
CPUSA, or used broadly to refer to other local Communist-aligned
institutions. “Fraternal” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as the CPUSA.
“Fraternal”:
CPUSA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fratkin,
?: Soviet employee of Amtorg.
“Fred”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source,
late 1938.
“Fred”:
Fred Rose, MP Canada [source Venona]
“Fred”:
unidentifed (KGB line, Venona)
Fred ??: First name of an FBI agent discussed in
American military intelligence records in 1937.
Free
Europe: Possibly a truncation of “Radio Free Europe”
“Freedman”
[Fridman] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bernard Schuster, October
1944.
Freeman,
Harry: American journalist working for TASS.
Brother of Joseph Freeman.
“Freeman,
Joseph”: on masthead of New Masses as Robert Evans [source Chambers Witness]
Freeman,
Joseph: Prominant pro-Communist writer.[188]
“Fregato”:
redacted (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Freiheits
Partei: Described as an organization that Alfred Stern had aided at some point
in the past.
French
Committee of National Liberation
“Frenchman”
[Frantsuz] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Leon Theremin.
Frey,
Andrew of OWI in Lisbon, (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Frey,
Richard N. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Freyd,
?: Described as Polish government-in-exile official in London, 1945.
“Fridman”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Freedman”.
“Fridrikh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Friedrich”.
“Friedman”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Friedman,
J. B, of Treasury, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Friedrich”
[Fridrikh] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Contact of Klaus Fuchs
in Britain.
“Friend”
/ “Priyatel”: Lange, Oscar (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Friend”
[Drug] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified 1945 target of
recruitment suggested by Harold Glasser.
Described as someone connected to the “Nat’l Association of Amer.
Industries”, 1946.[189]
“Friend”
[Drug] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer or
agent, New York Station. References to in 1933.
Friends
of the New Germany: Pro-Nazi German-American organization.
Friends
of the Soviet Union: Originally founded in 1921 as Friends of Soviet Russia,
FSU raised funds to support the USSR and promote its interests. It was covertly controlled by the CPUSA.
Frinovsky,
Mikhail Petrovich: Senior KGB official, chief of State Security 1937-1938. Executed in 1940.
Frisch,
Otto: Exiled German scientist and key member of the British atomic bomb program
and later part of the British contingent in the Manhattan atomic project.
Frocht,
Maurice: Soviet intelligence source/agent, early 1930s A medical doctor. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Doctor”.
Fromm,
German General, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Frontiers (journal): Described
by Harry Magdoff as a “progressive” college student newspaper.
“Front-Line
Figher” / “Frontovik”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Frost”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Morros. Morros anglicized his Russian family name of “Moroz” as
Morros. Moroz is also the Russian work
for frost. His cover name, then, is a
play on his Russian family name.
“Frost” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Morros.[190] “Frost” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Morros.
“Frost”:
Khavalov, Capt. Nikolaj [Nikolay] A., assistant representative of the Portland
office of SGPG] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Frost”:
Moroz ( Morros ), Boris Mikhajlovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Frost”:
Moroz ( Morros ), Boris Mikhajlovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Andrew Metrokhin
Sword]
Fry,
Jack: President of Trans World Airlines.
FUA
[unidentified, possibly a U.S. firm] [source Venona]
Fuchs,
Emil Julius Klaus: “Rest” / “Charls” / “Charlz” / “Charles” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Fuchs,
Emil Klaus: Father of Klaus Fuchs.
Fuchs,
Gerhard: Brother of Klaus Fuchs. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kin”,
1951.
Fuchs,
Klaus: “Charles” [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Fuchs,
Klaus: “Charles” / “Rest” Andrew
Metrokhin Sword]
Fuchs,
Klaus: “Charles” [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
Fuchs,
Klaus: “Charles” [source Sudoplatov]
Fuchs,
Klaus: “Rest” [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Fuchs,
Klaus: Full name Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs.
Soviet intelligence source/agent. German refugee physicist, naturalized
British subject. Senior scientist in the Manhattan atomic project. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[191] Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a
Soviet source/agent. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Rest” (1943 - October 1944), “Charles” (October 1944 -
1950), and “Bras” (1950s).
Fulbright,
William: U.S. Senator (D. Arkansas).
Fuller,
Helen: Soviet intelligence contact/informant (possibly unaware) in the Justice
Department via William Dodd, jr. in 1939.
“Funicular”:
possibly gaseous diffusion plant k25 Clinton, TN (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Furtseva,
Ye.: Described as someone who met with Victor Hammer in 1964.
“Fyodor:
See “Fedor”.
XXG
G...”.:
partial of redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“G”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB source in Paris, 1950.
G.:
Initial of someone described as a members of the New York State Democratic
Committee.
G2:
U.S. Army designation for military intelligence function.
Gabin,
Yetta: Wife of Fred Shuneman and described as both the sister of Philip
Aronberg’s wife and the sister of Earl Browder’s wife (unlikely).
“Gabriel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Gabriel”.
“Gabriel”
[Gabriel'] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Likely Gavriil
Panchenko.
“Gadfly”
[Ovod] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent/contact of “Brit”/Feldman, 1937.
Gafencu,
Grigore, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gahagan,
Helen: See Helen Gahagan Douglas.
Gaines,
Gaines”: Chambers pseudonym for an underground Communist [possibly Webster
Clayton Powell ??] [source Chambers Witness]
Gajic'
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Galbraith,
Kenneth (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Galdames,
Carlos Robles: “Grisha” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Galeazzi,
Enrico: Vatican administrator.
Galkovich,
?: Described as Soviet General Consul in San Francisco in the 1930s.
Gallardo,
Isabel a Chilean, married to American Lorren Hay, a captain in Marines, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gamil'ton”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hamilton”.
Gamow,
George: Ukrainian-born physicist.
Defected from USSR in 1932 and became a U.S. citizen in 1940.
“Gans”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hans”.
“Gapon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Douglas Aviation
high-altitude specialist who rebuffed Shumovsky in 1935 but was in contact with
the KGB in 1942.
Garanin,
F.A.: KGB officer transferred from Cuba to Washington as an attaché of the
Soviet embassy. References to in 1945. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Son”.
Garber,
Ossip: New York photographer convicted in 1939 of passport fraud in connection
with the Robinson/Rubens case.
Garcia,
Julian Gomez of POUM in exile in Mexico: Gorkin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Garcia
Reyes, Jose: “Anton” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Gard”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Guard”.
“Gard”:
Guard: unidentified name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Garden”
[Sad] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified institution,
described as something whose branches in various countries that the OSS might
make use of.
Gardyj,
Petr (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Garicker,
?: Described as a Ford company representative in Persia in 1924.
Garin,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Garinova,
Kira (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Garlin,
Sender (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Garner,
John Nance: Vice-President of the United States, 1933-1941.
Garreau,
Roger , French diplomat (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Garri”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Harry”.
“Garri”:
Epstein, Jacob (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Garson,
Eugene ”: Gradison, Evgenij Sergeevich, emigrated from China, U.S. citizen
1943, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gartenberg,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Garv”
/ “Havre”: redacted, at one time worked for British intelligence (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Gassen”:
unidentified American woman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gaston,
Herbert: Senior U.S. Treasury official.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Adjutant”, circa 1944.
“Gastronom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Food Store.
“Gastronome”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Gaullists:
“Rasists” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gaullists:
Free French and supporters of Charles de Gaulle. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Rasists”.
Gauss,
Clarence E.,U.S. diplomat, Asia (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gautier,
Marcel, Counsellor to French Delegation: “Kurd” (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Gavrilov,
Timefej Evstigneevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Gavrilyuk,
Vladimir V., (Gavriluk) may be “Danilov” (KGB U.S. line), may be “Mok” (GRU
line) [source Venona]
Gavronsky-Minor,
Anna: Asya Minor-Gavronskaya (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gay,
?: KGB officer, Moscow center.
“Gay”
[Gey] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Trotskyist leader, possibly
Max Shachtman.
Gayle,
Lt. Col. William T. U.S. Army [source Venona]
GB
(G.B.): Soviet State Security.
GD:
See SD. Russian initials for State
Department: Gosdep, or Gos(udarstvenny) Dep(artament).
GDR:
German Democratic Republic (East Germany).
Gebert,
Boleslaw K., Polish citizen resident U.S. 1912 to 1947 returned to Poland.:
Ataman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gel”:
unidentified name, connection with a periodical (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gellhorn,
Martha: Journalist and wife of Ernest Hemingway for a period.
General
Aircraft: British aircraft manufacturing corporation.
General
Electric corporation.
General
Fleischer (ship) [source Venona]
General
Motors corporation.
General
Vatutin (ship) [source Venona]
“Generalov,
?: State Security officer, 1942.
Gennadi:
see Gennady
“Gennadi” [“Gennady”]: Ovakimian, Gaik [source
Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Gennadi” [“Gennady”]: Ovakimyan ( Ovakimian ) [source
Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Gennadij” [“Gennady”]: Gaik Badelovich Ovakimyan (
Ovakimian ) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gennady”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer Gayk Badalovich
Ovakimyan. (Alternate transliteration
Guennady, sGennaki, Gennadiy). “Gennady” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Ovakimyan. “Gennady” was identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as
Ovakimyan.
“Genri”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Henry”.
“Genri”:
Henry: Malisoff, William M. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Genrikh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Heinrich”.
George
Cohan (ship) [source Venona]
“George”
[Georges?]: possibly a decoding error and maybe “Leader” in October 44 Moscow ordered changed to
“Ernest” in February 1945.: “Erie”: unidentified, [KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
George,
Harrison: Senior CPUSA cadre involved in covert Comintern and Profintern
activities in the 1930s.
George,
Walter: U.S. Senator (D. GA).
George
Walton (ship) [source Venona]
George:
work name of Gayk Ovakimyan with Alfred Slack.
“George”
[Zhorzh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Paul Nahin from October
1944 to 20 February 1945. “George”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent.[192]
George
[Zhorzh] (cover name/party name): George Perazich, 1945.
Georges,
Alphonse (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Georges,
General Alphonse (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Georgy”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer, 1930s, NY
station.
“Gergelevich”
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Gerig,
Benjamin: “Oswald” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“German” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Gherman”.
German,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Gershwin,
Ira: Well-know American music composer.
Gerson,
Virginia: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Gert
[Gerth, Hert, Herth]: Henri L.: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gertsog”:
Duke: unidentified cover name or possibly the name Herzog (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gertsog,
Frank Iosifovich: father of Eleanor (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Gertsog,
Lidiya Alekseevna, was born 1908, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Getsov,
Eva: Soviet intelligence agent, courier work.
(Alternative translations: Getzov, Getzoff) Employee, Jewish Welfare Board.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Adam”. “Adam” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Rebecca
Getzoff. While it seems likely, it is
not firmly established that Eva Getsov and Rebecca Getzoff are the same person.[193]
Getzoff
Rebecca: “Adam” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Getzoff,
Rebecca: see Getsov, Eva.
“Gey”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Gay”.
“Gherman”
[German] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Armand V. (Armasha)
Hammer in 1952.
Gibson,
Hugh: U.S. ambassador to Brazil at the time of the abortive Prestes coup.
“Gid”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Guide”.
“Gidro”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hydro”.
“Gidrostroy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hydroelectric Construction
Project”.
“Gift”
/ “Dar”: Kasparov, Grigory (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gift”
[Dar] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB station chief San
Francisco, 1944. Likely Grigory
Kasparov. “Gift” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Kasparov.
“Gifted”
[Sposobny] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, technical intelligence 1940.
(Alternative translations: Talented, Able)
Gilchrist,
Thomas: Chief Assistant United States Attorney for the Southern District of New
York in 1955-57.
Gillman,
Joseph: Thought by Victor Perlo to have had contact with Soviet intelligence at
some point. Staff of WPB during
WWII. Discharged from the War Assets
Board for suspected Communist activity.
Gilyak
(ship) [source Venona]
Gimbel,
??: One of the owners of the Gimbel department stores, references to in 1951.
“Gin”:
Margaret Browder [source Damaskin Harris]
Ginsburg,
David (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gipsy”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Giraud:
possibly “Dezhiro”, of French Mission (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Giraud,
Henri [source Venona]
“Girl
Friend” [Podruga] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Elsie
Fairfax-Cholmeley. “Girl Friend”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent.[194]
“Girlfriend”:
Podruga: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Girl”:
See “Young Woman”.
“Git”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent 1943. Described as giving
a positive evaluation of Franz Neumann.
“Git” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified in 1943.[195]
“Git”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gitlow,
Benjamin: Leading American Communist from the party’s founding until expelled
in 1929. Later a fervent anti-Communist.[196]
GKO:
Gosudarstvenniy Komitet Oborony - State Defense Committee.
Gladilin,
Segej (Sergey) (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Glading,
Percy: Soviet intelligence source/agent in Britain. A senior CPGB activist, Glading worked closely with Soviet
intelligence. In 1938 he was arrested,
convicted, and imprisoned for espionage targeted at the Woolwich Arsenal. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Got”.[197]
Gladkov,
?: Described as Trotskyist traitor on staff of Amtorg in 1928-33.
Gladkov,
Lieutenant General P. V.: Chief of Naval SMERSH.
“Glan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer, London, who met
with “Eric”/Broda in 1943. Both Andrew and Mitrokhin and West and Tsarev have
KGB officer Vladimir Barkovsky meeting with “K”, an unidentified Soviet source
who appears to be identical with “Eric”/Broda.
Barkovsky, then, is a candidate for “Glan”. It is not clear that “Glan” in Britain in 1943 is the same as
“Glan” the unidentified KGB officer at the New York Station in the late 1930s
and early 1940s.
“Glan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified legal KGB officer, New York
Station, References to in 1938, 1940.
“Glan” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified Soviet
officer/agent with the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission in 1942.
“Glan”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Glancy,
General, U.S. Army [source Venona]
Glasko,
Dimtrij Adamovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Glasser,
Abraham: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Department of Justice lawyer from
the mid-1930s to 1941. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Morris”.
Glasser,
Faye: Wife of Harold Glasser. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Roma”.
“Glasser,
Harold”: Ruble: Rouble (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Glasser,
Harold: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Senior Treasury Department official
and economist. KGB sent Comintern a
vetting inquiry about him in 1944. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of
the Perlo espionage group. Identified
in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Identified by Chambers as a source/agent.[198] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Ruble”. Party name: Henry.
Glasser,
John: Described in a 1944 KGB report on a conversation with GRU’s American
division chief as a Treasury Department official who in 1938-40 had been
prepared for recruitment by GRU agents, though GRU did not give its consent for
Glasser’s recruitment. Described also
as secret Communist who worked with Josef Peters’ intelligence group. Likely an error for Harold Glasser.
Glauber,
Roy: A brilliant young scientist, in 1943, during his sophomore year at Harvard
University, he was recruited to work on the Manhattan Project, where (at age
18) he was one of the youngest scientists at Los Alamos. At Los Alamos he shared a room for a time
with his former Harvard classmate Theodore Hall. In 2005 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Glavatom:
Directorate for the Utilization of Atomic Energy of the Council of Ministers,
USSR.
Glavkontsesskom:
Chief Concession Committee.
Glavnyk
Morskoj Shtab (GHSh) Naval General Staff (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Glavpromkadr:
Chief Administration for the Training of Industrial Cadres.
Glavsevmorput:
Chief Administration of the Northern Sea Route.
Glazer,
Juliet: Married name of Juliet Stuart Poyntz.
See Juliet Stuart Poyntz.
Gleason,
Leverett: Publisher of Reader’s Scope, described as a secret Communist.
Glennan,
T. Keith: Engineer and scientific administrator. Member of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1950. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Astrologer”
Glinka,
Mikhail: Russian composer.
“Glinsk”
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Glory”:
unidentified female source, Canberra traffic Australian line [West Venona])
“Glory”
[Slava]: Ilya Elliott Wolston in 1943, 1945 use is likely Wolston or
unidentified. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Glory:
see “Slava”
Glushinsk,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Smuggler from the prohibition era who helped to bring illegals to US
from Canada. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Boatman”.
“Glycerine”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Gnat”
/ “Komar”: Kravchenko, Viktor (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Gnat”
[Komar] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet defector,
1944. (Alternative translation:
Mosquito.) Likely Victor Kravchenko.
“Gnat” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Victor
Kravchenko.
Gnedin,
Evgeny: Soviet diplomat in Berlin, KGB co-optee, liaison with Martha Dodd in
1936. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Pioneer”.
“Gnom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gnome”.
“Gnom”:
William Perl [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Gnome”:
Mercader, Jaime Ramon (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Gnome”:
William Perl (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Gnome”
[Gnom] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Perl prior to
September 1944. “Gnome” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Perl.[199]
“Goboy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Oboe”.
Gochenour,
Howard: Soviet intelligence source.
Chemist and industrial espionage source recruited by Alfred Slack,
perhaps by a false flag recruitment.
Gochnour admitted to FBI that he supplied information to Slack, claiming
that Slack said it was for a South American buyer, not the Soviets.[200] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Young”.
“God”
/ “Bog”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Goddard,
Robert H.: American pioneer rocket developer.
“Godfather”
[Kum] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1948.
“Godfather” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in 1944 but it is unclear if this is the same
person. Brother of “Godsend” and
“Relative”.
“Godmother”
[Kuma] or “Godfather” [Kum]: unidentified name: “Kuma” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Godoy,
Juan Gaytan: “Juan”: Khuan (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Godsend”
[Nakhodka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical line related to atomic bomb project. Described as studying at the University of
Chicago in 1947 and that the KGB wanted him to return to his previous employment
at the Los Alamos atomic facility.
Brother of “Relative” and “Godfather”.
Goebbels,
Joseph: Senior Nazi propagandist.
Goerdeler,
Carl F.: Leading figure in an anti-Hitler conspiracy in Germany during WWII.
Goerdeler,
in Germany (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Goering,
Herman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Goering,
Hermann: Senior Nazi and head of German Luftwaffe.
Goff,
Irving: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist, International Brigade veteran, and OSS officer. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tyazh”.
Gogoleva:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Gold”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Iskhak Akhmerov’s cover name when in
China in the 1930s and at other points in his career.
Gold,
Bela: “Acorn” [Zholud] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Gold,
Bela: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Industrial sociologist, worked for the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on War
Mobilization and Office of Economic Programs in the Foreign Economic
Administration. Also known as William
(Bill) Gold. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as part of the Silvermaster espionage group.[201] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Acorn”.
Gold,
Harry: “Goose” / “Gus” also “Arnaud” /
“Arno” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gold,
Harry: “Guss” / “Goose” also “Arno” after May 1944, used Raymond for contact with Fuchs [source
Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Gold,
Harry: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Gold, an industrial chemist, was
recruited for Soviet industrial espionage operations in the U.S. in the 1930s
and became an active courier for the New York KGB office’s scientific-technical
espionage operations as well as the liaison for several subagents. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[202] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Goose” prior to October 1944, “Arno” (October 1944-1950), “Mad” (1950-). Also used Raymond, Martin, and Frank Kessler
as work names and pseudonyms with some of his sources.
Gold,
Sonia Steinman: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Wife of Bela Gold, employed in the Treasury Department. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of
the Silvermaster espionage group.[203] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Zhenya”.
Gold,
Sonia Steinman: “Zhenya” / “Sonya” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gold,
William (Bill): See Gold, Bela.
Goldberg:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Goldberg,
Arthur: OSS officer. Labor lawyer
associated with CIO leader Philip Murray, anti-Communist liberal. Later Secretary of Labor, justice of the
U.S. Supreme Court, and American ambassador to the UN.
Goldberg,
Elliot: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Described as an engineer for an oil equipment company in New York. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Smart”.
Goldberger,
Alexander: J. Peters [source Chambers Witness]
Goldblat,
Sam (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Goldblatt,
Saul (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Goldman,
Emma: Leading American Anarchist (Lithuanian-born) deported to Soviet Russia in
1919, became highly critical of Soviet communism, and moved to Britain in 1921.
Goldman,
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Goldsmith,
Hyman H.: Physicist in the Manhattan atomic project.
Goldsmith
in Enormous? (KGB U.S. Line) [source
Venona]
Goldstein,
Ben (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Golikov,
Peter Alekseevich, chief of Department of Marine Transportion SGPC (KGB Mexico
City line) [source Venona]
Gollancz,
Victor: Socialist British book publisher, founder of the Left Book Club, close
to the CPGB.
Golodnitsky,
Samson: Father of Harry Gold.
Golos,
Dmitry Naumovich: Russinized name of Milton Golos.
Golos,
Jacob: “Sound” / “Zvuk”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Golos,
Jacob: “Sound” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Golos,
Jacob: “Zvuk” [“Sound”] [source
Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Golos,
Jacob: Soviet intelligence agent.
Russian emigrant, senior official of the CPUSA and liaison between the
party and Soviet intelligence. Birth
name Yakov Naumovich Tasin but he appears to later have used Rasin, Raisin, and
Raisen, anglicized versions of Tasin, in the U.S. as private family names. His public name in the U.S., however, was
Jacob Golos. “Golos” was in origin a party name: “Golos” means “Voice” in
Russian. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as the creator and supervisor of CPUSA espionage networks linked to KGB
and which she took over after his death.[204] Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a
Soviet source/agent. Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sound” (a KGB verbal play on his
Golos/Voice name); pseudonym-work name with many of his sources: John.
Golos,
Milton: Son of Jacob Golos, sent to the USSR in the mid-1930s. Also known as Sam Rasin or Raisin. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Youthful”.
Golos,
Silvya Solomonovna: Jacob Golos’s wife.
Birth name Ginzburg. Born in
Lithuania. Also know as Celia Rasin or
Raisin and Celia Golos.
Golovin,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Alelseev: “Grimm”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Golovin,
Petr Dmitreich (on ship Litke): “Storm” (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
“Golovkin”:
unidentified cover name official in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Golubev,
Captain first rank, commander of Tuapse naval base. [Naval GRU line] [source
Venona]
Golwinne,
Henry [source Venona]
“Gomer”
/ “Homer”: Maclean, Donald D. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gomer”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Homer”.
Gomez
Deans, Antonio: “Oliver” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Gomez
Lorenzo, Rosendo, editor of magazine Tiempo: Wolf (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Gompers,
Samuel: President of the American Federation of Labor.
Gompertz,
Hedda: See Massing, Hede.
Gonchar,
Captain-Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Gonets”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Express Messenger. (Alternative translation: Messenger) “Gonets” was translated as “Express
Messenger” in the Venona decryptions, and to avoid confusion, that translation
is adopted here.
“Gonets”
/ “Express Messenger”: redacted: Setaro, Ricardo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gontloff,
Vadim Feodor: aka Victor Kendall (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gontsov,
Vadim: Camp Ritchie graduate 1943 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gonzales
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Goodfellow,
Colonel Preston (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Goodman,
Milton: Described as head of World Tourists prior to Jacob Golos.
Goodrich,
James P.: Republican Governor of Indiana, 1917-21.
“Goose”
/ “Gus”: Harry Gold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Goose”
/ “Gus” [Harry Gold’s cover name until October 1944 when changed to “Arno” so
use after that date may to Gold or may be unidentified] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Goose”
[Gus'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Gold prior to October
1944. “Goose” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Harry Gold.[205]
“Gor”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Gregg (alternative translations
Gore, Hor) “Gor” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent of American
diplomatic information on South America, a context compatible with Gregg’s
position in the Office of the Co-ordinator of Inter-American Affairs.[206]
“Gor”
[possbily Gore, possibly Hor ]: “Horus” [Egyptian god]: unidentified name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gorb,
?: Assistant head of OGPU INO, 1932.
Gorbunov,
?: KGB officer, Berlin 1945.
Gorbunov,
N. P.: Described as manager of the Sovnarkom.
Gorchoff,
George”: Gustav (GRU Line) [source Venona]
“Gordon”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Gordon,
Joel: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist. Member of Victor Perlo’s network, although one not
discussed by Elizabeth Bentley.
Employed in a variety of U.S. agencies from the mid-1930s to the end of
the 1940s. On the staff of UNRRA in
WWII. In 1952, while on the staff of
the United Nations, invoked the fifth amendment to refuse to answer questions
by the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee regarding his Communist links and
participation in espionage. Subsequently discharged by the Secretary-General of
the U.N.[207] Party name Joel.
Gordon,
L. (female) former CPUSA committee officer. Probably Lottie Gordon
“Gore”:
see “Gor”
“Gorkin”:
Julian Gomez Garcia of POUM (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gorn”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bugle”. (Alternative translation: Forge). “Gorn” appeared in the Venona decryptions translated as “Bugle”.[208] That precedent is followed here.
“Gorn”
/ “Bugle”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gorokhova,
Lida (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Gorozhanin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Townsman”.
Gorsky,
Anatoli [Anatoly] Veniaminovich: “Vadim” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Gorsky,
Anatoly: see Gromov, Anatolij [Anatoly] Borisovich, KGB resident in DC late
1944,: [Bademus] Vadim (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Gorsky,
Anatoly Veniaminovic: KGB officer, chief of its U.S. legal station in
1944-1945. Used Anatoly Gromov as his pseudonym when under diplomatic cover at
the Soviet embassy in Washington.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet officer/agent. Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a Soviet
agent/officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Vadim”.
“Gory”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mountains”.
“Gosti”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Guests”.
“Gostinitsa”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hotel”.
“Got”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent in
Britain in 1937. Likely Percy
Glading. “Got” was identified in Andrew
and Mitrokhin as Glading.
Gotesborg
(ship)
Gouzenko,
Igor: GRU cipher officer who defected in Canada in 1945.[209]
GPU:
Gosudarststvennoye Politicheskoye Upravleniye (State Political Directorate),
predecessor to KGB.
Grabar,
?: Described as an art expert who advised Victor Hammer.
Grabski,
Polish exile official (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Grachev,
Aleksandr Petrovich, Fifth Line officer: “Petr” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gradison,
Evgenij Sergeevich, emigrated from China, U.S. citizen 1943, changed name to
Eugene Garson, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Graduate
Student” [Aspirant] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified
Soviet intelligence officer/agent in Europe, 1948.
Grafpen,
Grigory: Senior KGB officer. Executed
in Stalin’s purge of his security services in the late 1930s.
Grafpen,
T. G.: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Grandfather”
[Ded] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): USSR Consul Genenal in New
York or the USSR’s ambassador.
“Grandfather” was identified in the Venona decryptions as the Soviet
Consul General in New York and also as possibly the USSR’s ambassador. At places
in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks, “Grandfather” is clearly designated as the
Soviet consul general in New York, but other occurrences place “Grandfather” at
the embassy in Washington, suggesting the ambassador.
“Grandfather”
/ “Ded”: “Probably Maksim Maksimovich
Litvinov, Soviet Ambassador to US” 1942 1943
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Grandfather”
/ “Ded”: Evenij (Eveny) Kiselev Soviet Consul General in New York 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Grandpapa”
/ “Dedushka”: Evgeny Dmitrievich Kiselev
Soviet Consul General in New York(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Grandson”:
unidentifed, Australian line, [West Venona])
“Grandson”
(“Vnuk”): unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Granich,
Grace: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Veteran CPUSA and Comintern operative. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley
as a talent spotter for Jacob Golos.[210]
“Granit”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Granite”.
“Granite”
[Granit] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Norman Borodin.
“Grant
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Grant”:
unidentified cover name: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Grant”:
Col Nikolai Zabotin, Sov Military Attaché, Ottawa. (Ottawa line GRU) 1944
[source Venona]
Grant,
James P.: Official of the U.S. Economic Cooperation Administration.
Grau
San Martin, Ramon (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Grauber:
redacted but clearly error for Glauber, Roy
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Graur,
Andrey Grigoryevich: Senior KGB officer.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet officer/agent. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks “Vetrov”.
Graves,
?: Described as son of the late General Graves and as a “Competitor”, 1941.
Graves,
William S.: U.S. Army general commanding the American Expeditionary Force in
Siberia.
Gray,
Adaline, journalist [aka pen name Joel Lee] [source Venona]
Gray,
Robert Bromley (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Graze,
Alfred: Father of sources Gerald and Stanley Graze.
Graze,
Cyril: Brother of sources Gerald and Stanley Graze.
Graze,
Garry: Brother of sources Gerald and Stanley Graze.
Graze,
Gerald: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Employed by a variety of U.S. government agencies from the mid-1930s to
the late 1940s. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Arena”.
Graze,
Minnie Freeman: Mother of sources Gerald and Stanley Graze.
Graze,
Mrs. Stanley: Wife of Stanley Graze. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Dina”.
Graze,
Ruth: Wife of Gerald Graze. Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Rina”.
Graze,
Stanley: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Employed by a variety of U.S.
government agencies from the mid-1930s to the late 1940s, including the War
Production Board, OSS, and the State Department. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Dan”, party name Stan.
“Green”
/ “Grin”: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Green:
See “Grin”.
Green,
Henry: Described as managing director of the national citizens committee
dealing with treaties with Tsarist Russia.
Green,
Joseph C.: Senior State Department official.
Green,
Michael (pseudonym): Iskhak Akhmerov.
Green,
P.: Sergei (Sergey) Gusev [source Chambers Witness]
Green:
pseudonym by which Joseph Katz referred to Joseph Gregg in 1945.[211]
Green,
U.S. Warrant Officer (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Green,
William, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Green,
William: President of the American Federation of Labor.
Greenberg,
Michael: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
British-born, Greenberg had become a secret Communist while a student at
Cambridge university in the 1930s. In
1942 he became an China specialist for the Board of Economic Warfare and an
assistant to that agency’s de facto head, Lauchlin Currie. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of
her singleton espionage sources sho provided information via Mary Price.[212] Greenberg is a very strong candidate for the
cover name “Yank”.
Greenglass,
Barbara Helene: David Greenglass’s daughter.
Greenglass,
David: “Bumblebee” / “Shmel” / “Calibre” [Caliber]: Kalibr (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Greenglass,
David: Kalibr [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Greenglass,
David: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Cover
names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bumblebee” (October - November 1944),
“Caliber” (December 1944-March 1950), “Zinger” (March 1950-).
Greenglass,
Ruth: “Osa” / “Wasp” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Greenglass,
Ruth: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
David Greenglass’s wife. Cover
names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Margarita” prior to October 1944, “Wasp”
(October 1944-1950), and “Ida” (1950-).
Greenglass,
Steven Lawrence: David Greenglass’s son.
Greens
[possibly non-Soviet intelligence agency] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Gregg,
Joseph: Soviet intelligence source/agent. On the staff of the Office of the
Co-ordinator of Inter-American Affairs.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of her singleton espionage
sources.[213] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Gor”. Pseudonym used by Joseph Katz in
in 1945 in referring to him: “Green”.
“Gregoire”
[Greguar] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, Paris, 1950.
“Gregor” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified
Soviet intelligence source. Subsource
of “Leo”. Economist. References to in
1934.
“Gregory”:
unidentified cover name and not
Ogloblin or Khvostov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gregory,
Louise Hoyt, Biologist NY (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Greguar”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gregoire”.
Greinham,
Betty: Described as asking to represent in Moscow an American firm for which
she worked. (Alternative spellings:
Greinam, Grainam, Grainham, Graynam),
Greinke,
Bill: Iskhak Akhmerov [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Greinke,
William (pseudonym): Iskhak Akhmerov.
Grew,
Joseph: Senior American diplomat, Under Secretary of State, 1944, and often
Acting Secretary of State in 1945.
Grew,
U.S. State Dept. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Grey,
Wheeler (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Greya:
unidentified Trotskyist
“Greyhead”:
Fitzgerald, Edward Penrose (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Grieg:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Griffin,
Bernard: English prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Archbishop of
Westminster from 1943 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in
1946.
Griffis,
Stanton: U.S. ambassador to Poland, 1947-1948.
“Grigoriy”
or “Grigory”: unclear, possibly G. N
Ogloblin or M.N. Khvostov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Grigory”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Grigory Dolbin, 1946-1947.
“Grigory” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified
legal KGB officer Washington 1938.
Grigulevich,
Iosif: “Arthur” / “Maks” after WWII
[source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Grigulevich,
Iosif R.: KGB illegal officer in the U.S. in the late 1930s and active in
Central and South America then and later.
Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a Soviet agent/officer.Grigulevich
is identified with the cover name “Arthur” in the early 1940s when operating in
Central and South America in Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield
and the Schecters, Sacred Secrets.
Robert Louis Benson also concluded that the unidentified “Arthur” [“Artur”]
cover name in the Venona decryptions on several South American communications
lines was Grigulevich.[214] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Yuz”
and variant “Yuzik” (1938-1939) and “Arthur” (1944, 1947)
Grigulevich,
Iosif R.: “Maks” / “Felipe” / “Artur” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Grimeril': Birth name of Grigory Markovich Kheifets.
“Grimm”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer, possibly cipher
officer, late 1930s. “Grimm” in 1944
was identified in the Venona decryptions as KGB officer Nikolay Alelseev
Golovin who may have been a cipher officer.
“Grimm”:
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Alelseev Golovin (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Grin”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): John Spivak. The cover name is thought to derive from the popular Russian
writer of the 1920s, Alexander Grin, but treating it phonetically would produce
Green. “Grin” is used here. “Grin” as “Green” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as unidentified and in a context highly compatible with Spivak.[215]
Grineff,
Medes: Soviet intelligence source recruited under a false flag. Russian immigrant, chemist. Industrial espionage source recruited by
Alfred Slack for money and with a false flag story that information on nylon
was for a South American industrial buyer. Cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Em” starting in July 1942, “Zam” by October 1943.
“Grinev”:
See Grineff.
“Gringo”:
Grohol, Mary: Lenson, Marianne, née Diehl (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Grisha”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer Grigory Markovich
Kheifets. Not used during his American
tour.
“Grisha”:
Carlos Robles Galdames (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Grobba,
Fritz: Senior official in Nazi foreign ministry’s Near Eastern department.
Grohol,
Mary: Lenson, Marianne, née Diehl: “Gringo” (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Grokhovich
[Gronowica, Antoni] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gromov,
?: Senior KGB officer, 1950.
Gromov,
Anatolij [Anatoly] Borisovich, KGB resident in DC late 1944,: [“Bademus”]
“Vadim” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gromov,
Anatoly: Anatoly Gorsky’s pseudonym when under diplomatic cover in the U.S. in
1944-1946.
Gromrach (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gromyko,
Andrey Andreyevich: Senior Soviet diplomat and Stalin associate.
Gromyko,
Andrey, Soviet Ambassador in DC: “Stepfather”: Otchim (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Gross,
Abel: Chambers’ pseudonym for source at Bureau of Standards (likely Ward
Pigman) [source Chambers Witness]
Gross,
Feliks (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Grosse,
Aristid Victorovich: Russian born scientist, target of recruitment but brushed
off approaches and dropped. Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Neutron”.
Grosse,
Lev: Brother of A. V. Grosse.
Group
A.: Section of KGB in 1947. Described
as dealing with violent tasks.
Group
leader or group handler (tradecraft term): An agent (non-professional KGB
officer) or even a source who supervises a group of other agents/sources and
subsources. In Russian gruppovik or
agent-gruppovik: group leader or handler.
Later the argot was changed to agent-gruppovod after KGB realized that
in Russian slang “gruppovik” had developed a second meaning – group sex.
“Growth”
/ “Odessite”: unidentified source, [ source Venona ]
“Growth”
[Rost] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, changed from “Odessan” in September 1944. “Growth”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent,
earlier “Odessan”.[216]
Groza,
Petru, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
GRU:
Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravleniye –Chief Intelligence Directorate. The Soviet military intelligence agency.
GRU
GSh VS: Chief Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
– Soviet military intelligence.
Grube,
Herich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Grudinko:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Grulio,
representative of Russian War Relief in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Grunther,
?: Described as an American general.
“Gruzchik”
/ “Stevedore”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Gruzd”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mushroom”. The cover name in Russian, “Gruzd”, is a
type of milk mushroom or milk-agaric.
Grzynsky
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
GUAP:
Chief Administration of the Aircraft Industry (Soviet).
“Guard”
/ “Gard”: unidentified name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Guard”
[Gard] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, 1943, appeared to have contacts inside American
intelligence agencies. “Guard” appeared
in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent
in 1943 that appeared to be operating from London.
Guberniy:
A prerevolutionary Russian administrative unit equivalent to a county or state.
Gubichev,
Valentin: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Soviet employee of the United Nations arrested in 1949 when meeting with
Judith Coplon to accept stolen U.S. government documents. May have been a KGB co-optee. His family name was rendered in English in
accounts of the Coplon case as Valentine Gubitchev.[217] Gubichev is a highly likely candidate for
the cover name “Carp” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
Gubitchev,
Valentine: See Gubichev, Valentin.
Guchkov,
N. I.: Describes as former mayor of Moscow and figure in the Russian-American
Chamber of Commerce, 1924.
Guderian,
Heinz: Leading Wehrmacht general.
“Gudson”
/ “Hudson” also “Dzhon”/
“John”,: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gudzon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hudson”.
Gueiros
Lima; (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Guerin,
Albert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Guerney,
in OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Guest,
Raymond (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Guests”
[Gosti] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Emigres.
Guffey,
Joseph: U.S. Senator (D. PA).
GUGB:
Chief Administration of State Security.
GUGVF:
Main Department of the Civil Air Fleet.
“Guide”
[Gid] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, CPUSA member, 1948-1950. Described as having a Ph.D.
Guild:
See “Workshop”.
GULAG:
Glavnoe Upravlenie Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagere' — Chief Directorate of
Corrective Labor Camps.
Gulay,
Ivan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gulden,
Royal Scott: Head of the secret anti-Semitic Order of ’76 in the 1930s
Gulick,
L.: Chief of a division of the War Production Board. Also spelled Gullick in the notebooks.
“Gulina”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gullick,
L.: see L. Gulick.
Gumpertz,
Hedwiga: Variant of Hedda Gumpertz. See
Hede Massing.
Gumperz,
Hedda: See Hede Massing.
Gunter,
?: Described as “Colonel Gunter” and having close relations with the German
Attache in Washington in 1941.
Gunter,
?: Described as an assistant to Harold Glasser at Treasury in 1945.
Gurchot,
Charles: Soviet intelligence source.
Born in France (1898) naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1921. PhD. in chemistry (Cornell University),
instructor in pharmacology at University of California, Berkeley Medical
School, specialist in cancer research.
Gurchot was well know in the cancer research field for his work on
Vitamin B-17. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Park”.
Gurevich,
?: Described as a Soviet official, 1927, connected to Glavkontsesskom.
Gurfein,
Murray: Senior OSS officer in Turkey dealing with Bulgarian matters.
Gurfinkel,
Isaac: Wald, Benjamin (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Gurnkina,Lilian
Joanovna (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Guron”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Huron”.
“Gus'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Goose”.
“Gus”
/ “Goose”: Harry Gold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gus”
/ “Goose”: Harry Gold’s cover name until October 1944 when changed to Arno so
use after that date may to Gold or may be unidentified cover name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Gusev,
Fedor: Senior Soviet diplomat, 1940s.
Gusev,
Makhail Maksimovich, director of Amtrog in U.S. in June 1944: “Matchmaker”
/ “Svat” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gusev
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Gusev,
Petr D.: Pseudonym of KGB officer Peter Gutzeit when in the U.S.
Gusev,
Sergei (Sergey): P. Green [source Chambers Witness]
“Guss”
/ “Goose”: Harry Gold [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Gustav”
(GRU Line): Gorchoff, George [source Venona]
Gutenberg,
B., seismological laboratory, Pasadena (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gutierrez,
Joaquin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Gutshneker,
?: Had some relationship to Yelizaveta Gorskaya (Zarubina).
Guttsayt,
Petr Davydovich: See Gutzeit, Peter.
‘Guttsayt’ is BGN/PCGN transliteration of the Russian name, but the
‘Gutzeit’ spelling is widespread in the literature and is adopted here to avoid
confusion.
Guttsayt,
Taissia Mikhaylovna: See Gutzeit, Taisa
Gutzeit,
Peter Davydovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Chief of the KGB New York station, mid-1930s, recalled in late
1938 and later executed in Stalin’s purge of his security services in the late
1930s. (Alternative translation:
Guttsayt, Petr) Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Nikolay”.
Pseudonym in the U.S.: Petr D. Gusev.
Gutzeit,
Taisa Mikhalovna.: Wife of Peter Gutzeit
“Gymnast”:
YCL (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Gymnasts”
[Fizkul'turniki] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Young Communist
League and YCL members and circa 1944.
“Gymnasts” were identified in the Venona decryptions as YCL members.
“Gypsy”:
Kitty Harris [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Gypsy”:
Kitty Harris early 30s, [source Damaskin Harris]
XXH
Ha??,
John, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Haan,
Ilsu [source Venona]
Haas,
Loren George, engineer at Bell (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Haas,
Loren: Soviet intelligence source/agent at Westinghouse and Bell Aircraft in
New York. Haas cooperated with FBI and
worked as a double agent, supplying approved information to KGB.[218] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Hong”.
Haber,
William: New Deal consultant on social security policies.
Hackner, Lt. Allan Jacob (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hadari,
Gideon: U.S. intelligence officer, operating in Mid-East, Iran and Israel.
“Hadre”
[Khadr] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1945.
Ha...GA...,
Otto (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hagen,
Paul, aka Karl Frank [worked for Short Wave Research - OSS] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Haight,
Norman: See Hait, Norman.
Hait,
Norman: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
(Spelling of the name is unconfirmed a alternative translations are:
Hayt, Hight, Hite, Haight). Described
as an engineer for Sperry Gyroscope Company in New Jersey. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Long”. “Long”
appeared in was identified in the Venona decryptions as and was changed to
“Davis” in October 1944.[219]
Halder,
German General, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Halifax,
Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of: Senior British government official
and diplomat. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Legate”.
Halifax,
Lord, British Ambassador in Washington.
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hall,
Theodore: “Mlad” [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
Hall,
Theodore A.: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Young physicist in the Manhattan
atomic project. Secret Communist. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source.[220] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Mlad”.
Hall,
Theodore Alvin: “Young” / “Mlad” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hall,
Thomas (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hallas,
in OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Halperin,
Maurice: “Zayats” / “Hare” or “Stowaway” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Halperin,
Maurice: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Chief of the Latin American Division of the Research and Analysis
section of the OSS (1943-1945). After
World War II he became a Latin American specialist for the U.S. State
Department (1945-1946). Identified by
Elizabeth Bentley as one of her singleton espionage sources.[221] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Hare”.
Halpern,
Aleksadr J., chief of minorities sub-section of British Security Coordination
in NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Halpern , Alexander, described as secretary
to Kerenski 1943 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Hamilton,
Fowler [Antitrust Division of Justice, 39-42, then BEW] chief of Enemies
Countries Branch of BEW [source Venona]
“Hamilton”
[Gamil'ton] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent in U.K. Described as a
member of the Central Committee of CPGB.
Hamilton,
Walton: Husband of Irene Till, Harold Glasser's first wife.
Hammer,
Armand: Soviet intelligence contact. Businessman specialized in international
trade, particularly trade with the USSR.
Son of a founding member of the CPUSA.
Conduit for Comintern subsidies of the CPUSA.[222]
Hammer,
Armand Victorovich: Son of Victor Hammer.
Known as Armasha Hammer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks “Gherman”.
Hammer,
Charles: Son of Victor Hammer and Irene Wicker.
Hammer,
Harry: Son of Julius Hammer, brother of Armand (the elder) and Victor Hammer.
Hammer,
Julius: A founding member of the CPUSA.
Also known as Yuly Yakovlevich Hammer.
Medical doctor involved in promoting international trade with the USSR
in the early 1920s and sought to break the informal Western economic boycott of
the new Soviet state. In partnership
with his son Armand received several industrial and economic concessions from
the USSR in the 1920s. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Concessionaire”.
“Hammer”
[Molot] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): USSR.
Hammer,
Nancy: Daughter of Victor Hammer and Irene Wicker.
Hammer,
Olga Vadina: Wife of Armand Hammer (the elder) in 1943.
Hammer,
Rozalya Semenovna: Mother of Victor Hammer.
Hammer,
Varvara: First wife of Victor Hammer.
Russian, maiden name Varvara Dmitriyevna Kartasheva.
Hammer,
Victor: Son of Julius Hammer and younger brother of Armand Hammer. Russian version of name: Victor Yulyevich
Hammer. Cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Sonny” (1930s-1950s), “Screw” (1940s-1960s), note overlap.
Hammer,
Yuly Yakovlevich: Russianized version of the name of Julius Hammer.
Hank
(party name): Harry Magdoff.
Hankey,
Maurice (1st Baron Hankey): Senior British civil servant and cabinet
member.
Hanna,
Augusta: Described as German-born widow of American Ambassador to Guatemala,
Matthew Hanna, and U.S. State Department employee, 1936.
Hannegan, Robert: Postmaster General and Chairman of
the Democratic Party.
Hannegan,
Robert E., Chairman of DNC (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Hans”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
“Hans”
[Gans] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Representative of the KGB
apparatus in the GDR, 1960.
Hanse,
?: Described as someone who might become a aide to President Roosevelt in 1933.
Hansen,
R.: Soviet intelligence contact/informant on U.S. politics 1932. Merchant marine ship captain.
Hapgood,
Norman: Journalist and editorialist.
Prominent left-liberal and civil libertarian in the 1920s. U.S. ambassador to Denmark, 1919.
Har...,
...l [partial, unidentified] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Haraday”
[possibly “Faraday”]: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Hardy”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
“Hare”
/ “Zayats” / “Stoaway”: Maurice
Halperin (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Hare
see Rabbit
“Hare”
[Zayats] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Maurice Halperin. “Hare” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Halperin.[223]
Harnack,
Mildred: Married name of Mildred Fish.
An American, she met German Arvid Harnack at when Arvid was pursuing
graduate work at the University of Wisconsin in 1926. They returned to Germany where
Dr. Arvid Harnack became a senior civil servant in Reich Ministry of
Economics. Both were secret
Communists. In WWII Arvid became a
leader of a GRU-linked espionage network known as the “Red Orchestra”. Arrested by Nazi security services, both
were executed.[224]
“Harold”:
Garold: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Harrier”,
see “Hen-Harrier”: Hull, Cordell
Harriman,
Averell: American businessman, diplomat, and government administrator. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Men” (beginning in December 1944[225]
)
Harriman,
W. Averell: “Men”: Capitalist (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Harris,
?: Covert contact of Harold Glasser at some point, probably several years,
prior to 1945.
Harris,
Kitty: “ADA” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Harris,
Kitty: “Aida”: Gypsy [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Harris,
Kitty: “Ada” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Harris,
Kitty: “Gypsy” (in early 30s): “Norma” (mid 30s): “Ada” (later 30s) [source
Damaskin Harris]
Harris,
Lement: Senior CPUSA official.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as deeply involved in CPUSA covert work
and assisting Jacob Golos.[226]
Harrison,
Fena: Described as OSS officer/staff.
“Harry”:
Harry-2: Jacob Epstein (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Harry”
[Garri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Grigory Rabinovich,
1937-1939.
Harry
Line (ship) [source Venona]
Harsch,
Joseph C.: Foreign correspondent for the newspaper Christian Science Monitor.
Hart,
Edith Tudor: Soviet intelligence agent, U.K.[227] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Edith”.
Hart,
Edward Joseph: U.S. Representative (D. New Jersey) and chair of the U.S. House
Committee on Un-American Activities in 1945.
Harte,
Robert Sheldon: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[228] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Cupid”.
Harte,
Robert Sheldon: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Harte,
Robert Sheldon: “Amur” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Harvey,
Oliver: British ambassador to France, 1948-1954.
Haskell,
John H. F.: Colonel in OSS, tentatively chosen by General Donovan to head the
Moscow OSS office if the Soviets agreed to KGB-OSS cooperation. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Yankee” in 1944.
Hassel,
Ulrich von: Leading figure in an anti-Hitler conspiracy in Germany.
Hatch,
Carl A.: U.S. Senator (D. New Mexico).
Hatch,
U.S. Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Hau,
in Germany (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Havre”:
Garv: redacted, at one time worked for British intelligence (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Hawkins,
?: Described as a FBI agent, 1942.
Hawkins,
William G, pilot and production man (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hayden,
Stuart, journalist working for OSS [source Venona]
Hayes,
Carlton (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hayes,
Carlton J. H.: U.S. Ambassador to Spain, 1942-1945.
Haynes,
Lawrence L.: Mid-level government official involved in the 1941 theft of Civil
Service Commission for commercial purposes.
Hayt,
Norman: See Hait, Norman
Hazard,
John [Assistant administrator of Soviet Union Supply office of Lend Lease] (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Hazel
Grouse” [Ryabchik] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): File connected
to the Hammer family.
Healey,
Arthur: U.S. Representative (D. MA).
Heard,
Captain William A. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Hearst
newspapers.
Hearst
press
Hearst,
William Randolph: newspaper publisher.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Concern”.
“Hedgehog”
/ “Ezh”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Heifetz,
Jascha: Lithuanian-born American violin virtuoso. (Also know as Yasha Heifetz).
Heifetz,
Yasha: See Jascha Heifetz.
Heilig,
Theodore: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Heim,
? [Eym in Russian]: Described as an anti-Communist German journalist.
Heiman,
Beatrice: Daughter of Julius Heiman.
Secretary to Soviet ambassador Konstantin Umansky in 1945.
Heiman,
Jacob [source Venona]
Heiman,
Julia: Daughter of Julius Heiman and sister of Beatrice. Former wife of Joseph Gregg. Contact of GRU illegal Arthur Adams. Employed by TASS.
Heiman,
Julius: Immigrant from Russian and a naturalized citizen. In the early 1920s Heiman, who worked in the
jewelry business and was a secret Communist, converted Soviet subsidies that
came in the form of jewelry into cash. Treasurer for the American bureau of the
Profintern, 1920s. In the 1930s and
early 1940s he undertook a variety of support tasks for GRU. Father of Beatrice and Julia Heiman.
Heineman,
Kristal Fuchs, sister of Klaus Fuchs: “Ant” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Heineman,
Kristel Fuchs: Soviet intelligence contact.
Sister of Klaus Fuchs. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ant”.
“Heinrich”
[Genrikh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed KGB officer.
References to in 1934.
Helen:
contact name used by Mrs. Zarubin.
Helen:
Party name of Helen Tenney.
Helen:
Work name Unidentified, known to
Alexander Koral in the 1930s, possibly associate of the Rosenbliett network.
Helen:
work name of Elizabeth Zarubin with Franz Neumann.
Helfand,
Lev Borisovich, aka Leon Helfand, Leon Moore, defected to U.S. from Italy in
July 1940 when recalled to Moscow. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Helfgott,
Leo: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Helfgott was a medical doctor and cancer specialist. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Bubi”. The identification of “Bubi” as
Helfgott is based on the overlap between what is said of “Bubi” in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks and Simon Rosenberg’s (“S-7”) statements to the FBI in
the Armand Feldman case.[229]
“Hell”
[Khell] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
agent. Likely Floyd Cleveland
Miller. References to in 1941.
Described as working in the Trotskyist publishing house Pioneer Publishers.
Cover name changed to “Lion” in August 1944.
Miller was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet agent
engaged in anti-Trotsky work with a partially broken cover name “Khe..”,
consistent with “Khell”– “Hell” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
Heller,
Fred: Associate of Thomas Black, 1930s.
Heller,
Peter: Elizabeth Bentley romantic interest, 1945.[230]
Hellman,
Lillian: Prominent American writer and covert Communist.
“Hello”
[Allo] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Solomon Adler (prior to
“Sachs”, which appears in 1941).
“Helmsman”:
Rulevoj: Earl Browder. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Helmsman”
[Rulevoy] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Earl Browder. “Helmsman” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Browder. “Helmsman” was
identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as Browder.[231]
Hemingway,
Ernest: Soviet intelligence contact/informant, 1941-49. Popular American novelist. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Argo”.
Henderson
[Loy?] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Henderson,
Loy W.: Senior American diplomat and Soviet specialist in the 1920s and 1930s.
“Hen-Harrier”
/ “Lun”: (Ring Tail?): Hull, Cordell
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Henri
L.: unidentified,: “Gert” [Gerth, Hert, Herth] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Henry”:
Genri: Malisoff, William M. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Henry”:
young German Communist sailor courier [source Chambers Witness]
Henry,
?: Described as an American industrialist, 1965.
Henry
Costin (ship) [source Venona]
Henry,
Count: Described as a “White” who worked on Soviet codes for anti-Bolshevik
organizations.
“Henry”
[Genri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Likely William Malisoff staring in October 1944. “Henry” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Malisoff. References to
in 1945.
Henry,
Lou (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Henry:
Party name of Harold Glasser.
Henry
Richardson (ship) [source Venona]
Henry:
Work name Name by which Julius
Rosenberg knew Semen Semenov.
Henwood,
Wilfred Darcy (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Herbert:
Soviet GRU officer, Whittaker Chambers contact, ex-tank officer
Herbert,
Edward Joseph: Pseudonym used by Vasily Zarubin, 1934-1940.
Hercogs
Jekabs (ship) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Hercules
Powder Company: Dupont subsidiary, maker of explosives.
Herder:
See “Herdsman”.
“Herdsman”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Herdsman”
[Pastukh] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Anton Lavrentyevich Nikunas, 1943. “Herdsman” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as an unidetified technical source compatible with
Nikunas.
Hering,
Dorothy: Described as agent of Frank Prince of the Anti-Defamation League.
Herman:
Chambers knew Valentine Markin as Herman [source Chambers Witness]
Herman,
?: Identified as a GRU officer who confessed being a Trotskyist and German spy
in the late 1930s.
Hernandez
Tomas, Jesus: “Pedro” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Hernig,
?: Described as head of the science division of the East German CC SED,
1960.
Hertz,
?: Described as New York Commissioner of Docks in 1932. However, John McKenzie held the position at
that time.
Hertz,
Gustav: Nobel prize winning (1925) German physicist who worked on the Soviet
atomic project after WWII.
Hess,
H.H., geologist Princeton (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hess,
Rudolf (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Hewellyn,
?: Likely a garble for Llewellyn.
Described as a British official with the British mission to the
Manhattan atomic project.
Heywood
Broun (ship) [source Venona]
Hibben,
James Herbert: Soviet intelligence source.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Solid” until October 1944, “Reed”
in June 1945. Hibben’s real name does
not appear in Vassiliev’s notebooks, but “Solid”/“Reed” is described as chief
of the Chemical Division of the U.S. Tariff Commission, a position James Hibben
held at the time. FBI also identified
Hibben as an associate of Soviet agent Mary Price and had information that he
was using his position to access documents on military explosives that were
unrelated to his official duties.[232]
Hickerson,
John D.: Deputy Director, State Department Office of European Affairs
(1944-47).
“Hicks”:
Burgess, Guy) (U.K. Line) [West
Venona]
“Hicks”
[Khiks] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Guy Burgess. “Hicks” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Burgess.
Hight,
Norman: See Hait, Norman.
Hightower,
journalist (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hildebrand,
J.H. Chemist, CA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hildring,
John: U.S. Army general and chief of the Civil Affairs Division.
Hill
Group: Informal term for secret CPUSA members who worked for the Congress on
Capitol Hill.
Hillenkoetter,
Roscoe: First director of the CIA, 1947-1950.
Himmler,
Heinrich: Head of National Socialist Schutzstaffel (SS).
Hindenburg,
Paul von: German military leader in WWI, later president of the German republic
prior to Hitler taking total power.
Hirard,
P.: Described as a secretary at the French embassy in Berlin and a contact of
Martha Dodd in Berlin.
Hirschfeld,
Hans: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hirshfeld,
Samuel (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Hirshman,
A.O.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
“Hirt”
[Khirt] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent who got a passport via Jacob Golos.
Hiskey,
Clarence: Soviet intelligence source.
Chemist and secret Communist working at the Manhattan Project facilities
at the University of Chicago. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ramsay”.
Hiss,
Alger: Chambers heard Hiss referred to as “Advokat” by his GRU contact [source Chambers Witness]
Hiss,
Alger: “Ales” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Hiss,
Alger: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Government lawyer and senior American State Department official. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent. Identified by
Whittaker Chambers and Nathaniel Weyl as a member of the “Ware group” covert
CPUSA unit. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list
of those identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were
espionage risks. Convicted of perjury in 1950 for denying his espionage
relationship with Whittaker Chambers in 1937-1938. Documented as assisting Soviet espionage by the “Baltimore” and
“Pumpkin Papers”, by the testimony of Hede Massing, Whittaker Chambers and
Elizabeth Bentley and by Noel Field’s debriefing by Hungarian Communist
security police.[233] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Jurist” (1936), “Ales” (1945), “Leonard” (1948-1950).
Hiss,
Donald: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Government lawyer and official in the Labor and State Departments.
Identified by Chambers as a member of the original “Ware group” covert CPUSA
unit and as assisting Chambers CPUSA-GRU espionage apparatus. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those identified
by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage risks.[234] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Junior” (1948).
Hiss,
Robert (garbled name): Described as a State Department official with
progressive views in 1938, likely an error for either Alger Hiss or Donald
Hiss, the only Hisses at DOS at the time of the September 1938 reference to
Robert Hiss.
Hite,
Norman: See Hait, Norman.
Hitlerjugend:
Hitler Youth.
Ho
Ying-Chin, General, Chinese Minister of War, 1930-1944, [source Venona]
Hoettl,
William: Deputy chief of the Nazi SS Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) or Reich
Security Main Office.
Hoffman,
Paul: Business executive and President Truman’s administrator of the Marshall
Plan.
Hogman,
Captain: cover name 22 twenty-two (GRU line)[source Venona]
Hoinko,
Tadeusz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Hola”
(cover name in Mitrokhin): Melita Stedman Norwood.[235]
Holcomb,
General Marine (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Hollis,
Roger: Senior British security official, chief of MI5.
Holman,
Rufus: U.S. Senator, 1939-1945 (R. OR)
Holmes,
U.S. State Dept. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Home”
[Dom] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): USSR, 1941-1944.
“Homer”
/ “Gomer”: Maclean, Donald D. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Homer”
[Gomer] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Donald Maclean. “Homer” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Maclean.[236]
Honaker,
?: Described as U.S. Consul General in Stuttgart, 1937.
“Hong”
[Khong] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Loren Haas.
Hoodless,
Carter: Associate of Abraham Brothman.
“Hook”:
Khuk: Dvoichenko-Markov, Demetrius (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hoover,
Herbert: Former President of the U.S.
Strong candidate for the cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Secretary”.
Hoover,
Herbert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hoover,
J. Edgar: Director of the FBI. Weak
candidate for the cover name in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Secretary”.
Hoover,
J. Edgar (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hopewell
Report (1944) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hopkins,
?: Described as Commerce Department official, early 1930s.
Hopkins,
Harry: Possibly “Deputy” / “Zamestitel” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hopkins,
Harry: Head of the Works Progress Administration and other New Deal agencies in
the 1930s, secretary of Commerce in the late 1930s, and during WWII, chief personal
adviser to and representative of President Franklin Roosevelt.
Hor:
see “Gor”.
Horn:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Horne,
Vice Admiral Frederick J.; (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Horthy,
Admiral, of Hungary. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Horthy,
Miklós: Regent (dictator) of Hungary, 1920-1944.
Horton,
Robert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Horus”:
Gor [Egyptian god]: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Horwitz,
Louis D. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Hospital”
/ “GOSPITAL'”: Prison (KGB Mexico City) 1944 [source Venona]
“Hotel”
[Gostinitsa] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): British Secret
Intelligence Service (SIS, also known as MI6), 1944-1945.
Houghton,
Harry: Senior official of Mazak corporation.
“House”
/ “Dom”: unidentified in Moscow, in KGB
traffic [source Venona] [See “Dom”/“Home”]
“House”
“Dom”: unidentified institution in GRU traffic c [source Venona]
House
Special Committee on Un-American Activities, U.S.: Also known as the
McCormack-Dickstein committee, 1934-1937 and the Dies committee, 1938-1944.
Howard,
Roy: Leading American newspaper publisher.
Hromadka,
Joseph L. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Hub”
[Uzel] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Project to investigate and
collect information from Walter Lippmann.
“Hudson”:
Gudson: “John”: Dzhon: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Hudson”
[Gudzon] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence agent/informant. Used as a
telephone contact point between Klaus Fuchs and Harry Gold, 1945. “Hudson”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified in 1944 and his cover name
in the Venona decryptions was changed to “John” in October 1944.[237] “Hudson’s” activities in the Venona
decryptions included work in the KGB’s “first line” (political intelligence),
placing Soviet sources in Jewish and Zionist organizations, and maintaining
liaison with various Soviet sources.
Hudson,
Roy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hudson,
Roy: Senior CPUSA official.
Huettig,
Lester Marx: See Hutm, Lester.
Huettig,
Lester Marx source at Remington Arms in
Bridgeport, CT, for Chambers & Bykov network [source William Crane FBI
file].
“Hugh”:
Alfred Sarant [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Hughes” / “Khyus”: Alfred Sarant (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Hughes”
[Kh'yuz] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alfred Epaminondas
Sarant. “Hughes” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Sarant.[238]
Hughes,
Charles E.: Secretary of State, 1921-1925.
Hughes,
Howard: American aviation industrialist.
Huhnefeld,
Baron (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hulburd,
David: Senior Time magazine editor, 1941.
Hull,
Cordell, in 1944: “Lun” / “Hen-Harrier”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hull,
Cordell: U.S. Secretary of State in the Roosevelt administration. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Mechanic”.
Hull,
E.: Described as member of the Michigan CPUSA Central Committee in late 1937.
Hull’s
committee (description): A 1935 description of a DOS counter-intelligence
committee. The Department of State had
several short-lived committees in this period that discussed what might be done
about the growing problem of German, Japanese, and Soviet espionage.
Hume,
Donald: Described as a convict friend of Klaus Fuchs when in prison.
Humphrey,
Hubert H.: U.S. Senator (D. MN) and Vice-President of the United States
(1965-1969).
Hunter,
John: Described as a Department of State official, 1945.
Hurauzescu,
Radu, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Hurley,
Ambassador
Hurley,
Patrick (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Huron”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Huron
[Guron] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Byron T. Darling prior to
October 1944 and from February 1945 and later.
“Huron” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified, a scientific
source in the Venona decryptions assigned at one point to contact Manhattan
project physicists.[239]
“Hut”
/ “Izba”: Venona (KGB U.S. line) translated “Izba”, cover name for the OSS, and that part of COI that became
OSS as “Hut” (Izba is a somewhat broader term for hut than is “Khata”, cover
name for the FBI. Khata is a generic
peasant’s hut). Also see “Cabin”
[“Izba”]
“Hut” /
“Khata”: FBI [source Venona]
“Hut”
[Khata] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI). KGB cover name for
FBI was “Khata”, in Vassiliev’s notebooks translated as “Hut”. KGB cover name for OSS was “Izba”, in
Vassiliev’s notebooks translated as “Cabin”.
Izba and Khata have overlapping meanings (with Khata as a generic
peasant’s hut) and one could reverse the chosen translation. There is at least one instance in Alexander
Vassiliev notebooks when “Hut” in context appears to refer to British
counter-intelligence (MI5) rather than FBI.[240]
Hutchins,
Grace: Sociably prominent writer and secret Communist, she assisted the
CPUSA-GRU apparatus of which Whittaker Chambers was a part. After Chambers defected and was in hiding,
Hutchins delivered a message to his brother-in-law that if he gave her
Chambers’ location, she would guarantee the safety of Chambers’ wife and children.[241]
Hutm,
Lester: Described as former employee of the Frankford Arsenal. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “115th”. A 1948 Gorsky memo Chambers/Karl’s group
name.[242] Chambers did not discuss a Lester Hutm in Witness. However, Chambers noted that among the
sources that reported to Boris Bykov, the GRU officer to whom Chambers also
reported, was someone at an arms manufacturer.
In his statement to the FBI Morris Asimow stated he had introduced
William Crane of Bykov’s network to Lester Marx Huettig, who worked for
Remington Arms in Bridgeport, CT, with an eye for obtaining information on
automatic loading of shells. Possibly
these are the same. However, while the
first names are identical, the family names, Hutm and Huettig, while having
some similarity, are not identical, and the Frankford Arsenal near
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is not Remington Arms at Bridgeport, Connecticut.
Huysmans (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]Hyde, Arthur
M.: U.S. Secretary of Agriculture in the Hoover administration.
“Hydro”
[Gidro] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Radio Corporation of
America, circa 1944.
“Hydroelectric
Construction Project” [Gidrostroy] (cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks): Hanford, Washington facilities of the Manhattan atomic project
(Site W).
XXI
I”.:
initial of unidentified name [II] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
I.
unidentified [II] (GRU line) [source
Venona]
Ibarruri,
Dolores (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Ic”:
possibly Josip Rubinic [Rubinovic] (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Iceberg”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ickes,
Harold: Secretary of Interior in the FDR administration.
“Ida”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ruth Greenglass, 1950.
“Ide”:
Yaz: Krafsur, Samuel (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ide”
[Yaz'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Samuel Krafsur. The Ide is a type of fish found in Europe
and Asia. “Ide” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Krafsur.[243]
“Idea”
[Ideya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Merle Weinberg (Mrs. Joseph
Weinberg).
“Idealist”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed Soviet intelligence
source/agent, early 30s.
“Ideya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Idea”.
Ievlev,
A.M.: KGB officer, Berlin 1945.
I.G.
Farbenindustrie: German industrial concern.
Igarka
(ship)
“Igla”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Needle”.
“Igla”
/ “Needle”: York, Jones Orin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ignatev,
A., Lieutenant General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Igor”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Likely
Konstantin Mikhailovich Kukin. “Igor”
was identified in the Venona decryptions as Konstantin Mikhailovich Kukin,
Counselor Soviet embassy, London in 1943.
“Igor” was identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin and in West and Tsarev as
Kukin and as chief of the London station beginning in 1943.
“Igor”:
Kukin, Konstantin Mikhailovich, Counselor Soviet embassy, London (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Igor”:
unidentified cover name [not Kukin]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Igor”:
Kukin, Konstantin Mikhailovich London 1944-47 [source Andrew and Mitrokhin]
“Igor”:
Kukin, Konstantin [scource West & Tsarev]
Igor
(given name, real name): Friend of Armand Victorovich Hammer at the Moscow
Institute of Foreign Languages.
Ikal,
Arnold A.: Ikal, a GRU officer of Latvian origina, worked in the United States
in the 1930s, falsely obtaining U.S. citizenship under the name Adolph Arnold
Rubens by claiming he had immigrated to the United States as a child. In 1935 he married an American Communist,
Ruth Boerger. The GRU recalled Ikal to
Moscow in late 1937, and he returned with his wife, traveling with another set
of false American passports as Mr. and Mrs. Donald L. Robinson. Ikal was arrested in Stalin’s purge of his
security services and sent to the Gulag, where he died. His wife was imprisoned for a time but
released after agreeing to refuse American embassy assistance and never to
leave the USSR.
IKKI: Executive Committee of the Communist International.
Ikonnikov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Iks”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “X”.
“Iks”:
X: Katz, Joseph (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Ilf,
Ilia: Soviet writer who toured the U.S. in 1935-1936.
Ilich,
Soviet ship (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ilichev,
Aleksandr Fuderovich, DC People’s Commissariat for Foreign Trade (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ilichev,
Ivan Ivanovich: Chief of GRU, 1942-1943. Executed in 1943.
Ilk,
?: Senior KGB officer, Moscow, 1935.
Illegal
(KGB tradecraft term): A KGB officer who had no diplomatic status, operated
using false identities, pretended to have no official connection of the Soviet
state, and often pretended to be non-Russian.
Ilmen
(ship) [source Venona]
“Il'ya” (real name used as a cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ilya”.
“Ilya”
/ “Elijah” / “Elias”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ilya”
[Il'ya] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer, likely chief of the Mexico City station in 1950.
“Ilya”
[Il'ya] (real first name used as a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks):
See Ilya Elliott Wolston.
Immigration
and Naturalization Service, U.S.
Imperial
Union: Likely a reference to the Russian Imperial Union Order, a Russian
monarchist organization chartered in 1929 by white emigres living abroad.
“Imperialist”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Walter Lippmann. “Imperialist” was identified in the Venona decryptions as
Lippmann.
“Imperialist”:
Walter Lippmann, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Impressive:
See “Solid”.
In
Fact: Left-wing journal founded by
Bruce Minton and George Seldes.
Indel: Abbreviation of Ministry of Foreign Affairs
“Indian
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Indian”
/ “Indeets”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Indian
Student Society of America [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Indianapolis (ship) [source Venona]
“Indians”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Industriya
(ship) [source Venona]
INFO:
KGB Information Department
Informal
Policy Committee on Germany (IPCOG): U.S. interpartmental agency, 1944-1945.
“Informator”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bruce Minton. Also known as Richard Bransten.
The Russian original word “Informator”, is usually translated as “Informer”. However, KGB also used the Russian word
“Stukach” as a cover name, and “Stukach” can be and was translated as
“Informer” in the Venona decryptions.
(“Informator” did not appear in the Venona decryptions). To avoid confusion, here “Stukach” is translated
as “Informer” and “Informator” is kept in its transliterated form as
“Informator”.
“Informer”:
Stukach: Joseph Katz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Informer”
[Stukach] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Katz prior to
August 1944. “Informer” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Joseph Katz.[244]
Ingalls
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Inis”:
Luis Sancha, brother of Jose Sancha Padros (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Innkeepers”:
anti-C.P. Poles (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
INO:
Inostranny Otdel, or Foreign Department of Cheka/GPU/OGPU/GUGB that supervised
foreign intelligence. Later became the
INU, Foreign Intelligence Directorate of NKGB/GUGB/MGB, and later the PGU,
First Chief Directorate of KGB.
INO
NKTP: Foreign Department of the People’s Commissariat of Heavy Industry
(Soviet).
Inslerman,
Felix: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Photographer for Chambers’ GRU/CPUSA
network. Trained in the Soviet
Union. Identified by Chambers as a
source/agent. Confessed to FBI in 1954. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “107th”.
Instantsiya
(Soviet idiom): See Directive echelon.
Institute:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Institute
for Social and Religious Research.
Institute
of International Education: Organization founded by Stephan Duggan and later
led by Laurence Duggan.
Institute
of Pacific Relations.
“Intelligensia”:
Haldane, J.B.S. [ U.K. line] [West Venona])
Interchemical
Corporation, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Interim
Research and Intelligence Service (IRIS): State Department organization that
absorbed OSS’s Research and Analysis branch after OSS’s dissolution in
September 1945.
“Intermediary”
[Posrednik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical intelligence, 1947, 1948.
International
Committee to Combat Communism: Likely a variant for the “Committee to Combat
Communism”, a short-lived umbrella organizations of many different
anti-Communist groups organized in 1931 under the leadership of U.S. Representative
Hamilton Fish.
International
Committee for Political Prisoners: Founded in 1924 to seek improved treatment
or release of of Menshevists, Social Revolutionaries, Anarchists, and other
dissenters in the USSR.
International
Committee to Aid Prisoners: See International Committee for Political
Prisoners.
International
Monetary Fund.
International
Organization to Combat the Comintern: Described as active in 1924.
International
Peace Congress.
International
Peace Conference.
International
Secretariat: The headquarters agency of Leon Trotsky’s Fourth International, a
pale rival to the Soviet-sponsored Communist (Third) International.
International
Student Society: Unclear what specific organization is referenced.
International
Student Service [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
International
Student Union [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
International
Workers Organization: Described as financing a Russian-language newspaper circa
1919.
Interns:
See “Probationers”.
Inter-Professional
Association: Leftist professional association of the 1930s.
Intourist:
Soviet government travel agency that handled almost all travel to the USSR by
non-Soviet citizens.
“Invalid”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Dr. Emil Conason.
“Invention”
(“Izobretenie)”: Paloma, Senator, former Governor of Yucatan (KGB Mexico City
line) [source Venona]
Inverchapel,
Lord: see Archibald Clark-Kerr.
Inya
(ship) [source Venona]
Ioffe,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, 1937.
Ioffe,
Adolph Abramovich: Bolshevik leader, 1920s.
Iosif
?: Unidentified Russian emigrant in the U.S. who wrote to a friend in the USSR
in 1935 about Boros Morros’s visit to the USSR.
Ipatiev,
Vladimir: Emigre Russian scientist, oil specialist, on Northwestern University
chemistry faculty in the 1930s.
“Ipatov”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
IPCOG:
Informal Policy Committee on Germany.
“Ira”:
Maria Andreevna Tolstikova nee Lebedeva (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Iraqi
Oil.
“Iri”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Erie”.
“Irina
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Iris”:
Sonia’s GRU case officer [U.K. line ] [West Venona]
IRIS:
Interim Research and Intelligence Service, remnant of OSS placed with DOS.
“Irma”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Rae Elson.
“Iron
document”: genuine document (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Irsakaev,
Alyadin, Amtorg official [source Venona]
I.S.:
Likely Intelligence Service.
Isaacs,
Harold: American Trotskyist activist.
Isaak,
Rosa (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Isaak,
Rose: Executive secretary of the Russian-American Institute. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[245] Likely candidate for the cover name “Rona”
in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
Isachenkov
[Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Isakov,
Admiral (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Iska
Asatiani (ship) [source Venona]
“Iskrenny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sincere”.
“Island”
/ “Ostrov”: Great Britian (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Island
of Tears” [Ostrova slez] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks):
Reference to a operation of some sort that yielded ‘proceeds’ of some sort that
involved Jacob Golos and the officer/agent Martinez.
“Island”
[Ostrov] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Great Britain. “Island” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Great Britain.
“Islanders”:
British (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ismailoff,
Mrs. Nathalie Kubilina: Kulibini-Izmajlova (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Isra”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): English variant of Izra.
Italian
Information Library: Italian cultural institution sponsored by the Italian
government.
ITL:
Ispravitelno-Trudovoi Lager' – Correctional Labor Camp, i.e., the GULAG.
Iturriaga,
Jose, Mexican Communist Lawyer (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Ivan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent/officer, New York
station, 1956.
“Ivan”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Ivan,
Aleksandr Mikhajlovich
Ivancic,
Anton: “Crucian” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ivanov”:
John Scott (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ivanov,
B. S.: Senior KGB officer, Moscow, 1966.
Ivanov
in Moscow: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ivanov,
Petr Vasilyevich: Pseudonym used by Petr Fedotov.
Ivanov
(ship),
Ivanov,
Vasilij [Vasily] (seaman) (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
Ivanov,
Vasily Vasilievich: Lermontov: engineer, under Purchasing Commission cover,
1942-1946 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ivanova”:
unidentified but possibly Mariya Ivanovna Kikareva, wife of John Scott (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ivanovsky-Sigaloff:
Described as the Russian stage name of Eugene Sigalov.
Ivanovsky-Sigalov
(stage name): see Sigalov, Evgeny.
“Iveri”:
Mikhail Konstantinovich Kalatozov, director of Leningrad Film Studio (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ivy”:
Emma Harriet Joseph (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Izabello”:
Zabellov, Ivan
“Izba”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): see Cabin.
“Izba”
/ “Hut”: Izba is a somewhat broader
term for Hut than is Khata, cryptonym for the FBI. Khata is a generic peasant’s hut): OSS, and that part of COI that
became OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona] [See “Cabin”/“Izba”]
Izhitskij,
General (Izicki) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Izotov,
?: Captain of the tanker “Azerbaijan”.
Izotov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Izra”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Donald Wheeler. “Izra” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Wheeler.[246]
“Izra”:
Donald Wheeler (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Izvekov,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Nikolaevich, aricraft engineer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Izvestiya: Leading Soviet newspaper.
XXJ
J.....
[JJ] (ship) [source Venona]
Jachimowicz,
Aleksandr (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Jack”
[Dzhek] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bernard Schuster, December
1943. “Jack” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified GRU source/agent in 1943 who appeared to play an
intermediary role with CPUSA, and Schuster, who also performed that role for
KGB, would be a candidate for performing that task for GRU as well.[247]
“Jack”
/ “Dzhek”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Jack”:
unidentifed source in OSS [West Venona])
“Jack”:
unidentifed source, U.K. line [West Venona])
“Jack”
[Dzhek] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): James Allen, late 1940s, early
50s.
“Jack”
[Dzhek] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Olga Neyman in 1944.
“Jack”
[Dzhek] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer,
London 1947.
“Jack”
[Dzhek] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer/agent,
likely at Moscow Center. References to
in 1934.
Jack:
Pseudonym by which Elizabeth Bentley knew Joseph Katz. [Bentley FBI statement]
Jackson
Bolsey [or Bolsey Jackson?] [source Venona]
Jackson,
Gardner Pat: Liberal/left journalist, erratic Popular Front ally of the
CPUSA. Employed in several New Deal
agencies in the 1930s.[248]
Jackson,
George: Pseudonym used by “Solid”/Hibben in signing receipts for KGB payments.
Jackson,
Robert H.: Chief U.S. prosecutor at the German War Crimes trials, 1945-1946,
justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
Jackson,
Robert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Jacob”
/ “Yakov” also “James”: William Perl (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Jacob:
See “Yakov”.
Jacobs,
Sara: see Weber, Sara.
Jacobson,
Herman R.: S-1 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Jacobson,
Herman: Soviet intelligence source/agent, references to in 1933. American.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent in 1944
and working at that time for Avery Manufacturing Company.[249] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “S-1”.
Jacobson,
John M.: Secret member of the CPUSA and political activist in Minnesota and
nationally with CIO-PAC
Jacson
Frank [Jackson]: Mornard, Jacques: pseudonyms of Mercader, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Jaffo,
David.: McClure newspapers source in Riga regarding Russian matters,
1938-1939. Former member of the
Kerensky government. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Voyager”.
Jaksch,
Wenzel of Sudeten party (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“James”
[Dzhems] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Thomas Schwartz, 1935,
described as former German consul.
“James”:
William Perl 1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
James,
Edwin L.: Managing editor of the New York Times.
James,
K.: Described as “editor-in-chief” of the New York Times, likely a
garble for Edwin L. James.
James
Lykes (ship) [source Venona]
James
Schureman (ship) [source Venona]
“Jane”:
GRU source U.K. line [West Venona]
“Jannet”
[Zhannet] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, courier, 1943.
“Jannet”/“Zhannet” (translated as “Jeannette”) appeared in the Venona
decryptions in 1944 as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent
considered for courier work and is likely the same person.[250]
Jansen,
Marta: Described as Louis Dolivet’s secretary in France, wife of a Polish
journalist named Stasek.
“Japanese”
[Yaponets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, early 30s.
Jared
Ingersoll (ship) [source Venona]
“Jaspar”
[Zhaspar] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Vasily Zarubin in 1928.
“Jaures”:
Zhores: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Jay,
Norman: “Perky”: Bojkij (WMCA commentator) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Jean”:
Zhan: Setaro, Ricardo (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Jean”
[Zhan] (cover name in the Venona decryptions): Richard Setaro, October
1944.
“Jeanne”
/ “Zhanna”: Krotkova, Christina (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Jeanette”
[Dzhanetta] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, link between illegal and legal station. References to in 1935.
“Jeannette”
/ “Zhannet” (cover name in Venona): The Venona project translated “Zhannet” as
“Jeannette. “Zhannet” is translated as
“Jannet” in the Vassiliev notebooks.
“Jeannette” appeared in the Venona decryptions in 1944 as an
unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent considered for courier work and
is likely the same as “Jannet” in Vassiliev’s notebooks.[251]
Jebb,
Hubert Miles Gladwyn (Baron Gladwyn): Senior British diplomat.
Jemchuk
or Pearl, target of recruitment KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Jenney,
Hellen: Spelling error in the notebook for Helen Tenney.
Jeranko,
Stanislaus (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Jerome”:
Labarthe, Andre André (U.K. GRU line) [source Romerstein Breindel Venona
Secrets][252]
“Jerome”
[Dzherom] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Bukov.
Jerome,
V.J.: Senior CPUSA official, supervised cultural and intellectual matters for
the party leadership. Close associate
of Jacob Golos, and Elizabeth Bentley identified Jerome as having brought
Cedric Belfrage to Golos’s attention as a potential source.[253]
“Jerry”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Jessup,
Philip: Senior American diplomat.
Jevdevic’
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Jewish
Committee: Probably American Jewish Committee.
Jewish
Congress: Probably American Jewish Congress.
“Jim”
[Dzhim] (cover name or party name): Unidentified espionage recruiter of
“Liberal” (Frank Palmer).
“Jim
(Dzhim)”: Pasko, Lt. Georgij Stepanovich, secretary to Soviet Naval Attache, DC
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Jimenez:
phonetic of someone suspected by OSS of being Soviet source (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Jiminez,
Manuel T.: Secret Communist, International Brigade veteran, and OSS
officer. Name sometimes spelled
Jimenez.
Jiminez,
Michael A.: Secret Communist, International Brigade veteran, and OSS
officer. Name sometimes spelled
Jimenez.
Jimenez,
Jose Savedra (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Jirku,
Marietta: Voge, Marietta, née Jirku, wife of Noel Voge: Daughter
J.L.M.
Curry (ship) [source Venona]
Joe
(party name): Julius Joseph party name.
Joe
(work name): Unidentified GRU agent known to Bentley.
Joel
(party name): Joel Gordon’s party name.
“John”:
Beurton, Len U.K. line [West Venona]
“John”:
Dzhon:: unidentified (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“John”:
Dzhon: also “Gudson”: Hudson: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“John”:
name used by Yatskov with his contacts [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“John”:
unidentifed GRU source, U.K. line [West Venona]
“John”:
unidentified Soviet Bentley contact [Bentley FBI statement]
John
Barry (ship) [source Venona]
John
Bell (ship) [source Venona]
John
Bull: British magazine.
John
Calhourn (ship) [source Venona]
John
Dix John Hold (ship) [source Venona]
John
Drayton (ship) [source Venona]
“John”
[Dzhon] (cover name in the Venona decryptions): “John” appears in the
Venona decryptions as the cover name of a unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent whose cover name earlier was “Hudson”.[254] “Hudson” appears in Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks.
“John”
[Dzhon] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): I. Chichayev in 1944.
“John”
[Dzhon] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Morros, post WWII.
“John”
[Dzhon] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1930s. Also
known as agent “18”. “18”/“John”’s
activities suggest John Spivak as a candidate.
John
Garret (ship) [source Venona]
John
Hold (ship) [source Venona]
John
Laurence (ship) [source Venona]
John
Morgan (ship) [source Venona]
John
Powell (ship) [source Venona]
John
Sherman”: Don [source Chambers Witness]
John:
Work name under which Alexander Koral knew “King” of the NY KGB station, 1932.
John:
Work name used by Jacob Golos 1943.
John:
Work name Yatskov used with Harry Gold.
“Johnny”
/ “Dzhoni”: unidentified (GRU line)
[source Venona]
“Johnson”:
Blunt, Anthony, U.K. line [West Venona]
“Johnson”
[Dzhonson] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Anthony Blunt in
1946. “Johnson” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in the U.K.
that is compatible with Blunt.
Johnson,
Clyde L.: CPUSA organizer and cadre assigned to work in the student movement,
unemployed movement, and Southern share-cropper organizing in the 1930s.
Johnson,
Eric (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Johnson,
Eric: Head of the Motion Picture Association of America.
Johnson,
Herschel V.: U.S. ambassador, Sweden, 1941-1946.
Johnson,
Hiram: U.S. Senator, 1917-1945 (R. CA).
Johnson,
Hugh S.: Administrator of the National Recovery Administration.
Johnson,
Lyndon: President of the United States, 1963-1969.
Johnson,
the U.S. Ambassador to Stockholm (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Johnson,
Vladimir (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Johnston,
Louis: U.S. Secretary of Defense, 1949-1950.
Johnstone,
Betty Lloyd (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Joint
Institute on Nuclear Research (OIYaCh): Soviet-led international nuclear
research agency.
Jordana,
Spanish Foreign Minister (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Jose
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Jose”:
Jose Pepito (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Jose”
[Khoze] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified source/agent
of KGB Washington Station, 1946. Describes as a cryptographer at the
Yugoslavian embassy, speaks only Croatian, later described as a traitor.
Jose
Pepito: “Jose” (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Joseph,
Bella: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Worked for OSS in WWII. Wife of
Julius Joseph. Elizabeth Bentley
identified Bella Joseph as a Communist.[255][256] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Colleague”.
Joseph
Bradley (ship) [source Venona]
Joseph,
Emma Harriet: “Ivy” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Joseph
Johnston (ship) [source Venona]
Joseph,
Julius J.: Ostorozhny: “Cautious” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Joseph,
Julius: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist, worked from 1943 to 1945 for Office of Strategic
Services. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as one of her singleton sources.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[257] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Cautious”.
Joseph
Stalin (ship) [source Venona]
Josephson,
Barney: Manager of Café Society (a CPUSA-aligned New York night club), brother
of Leon Josephson.
Josephson,
Leon: Veteran Communist involved in CPUSA covert work. Arrested in Denmark in 1935 in association
with a GRU agent. Member of “Vendor’s”
CPUSA espionage group.
Joshua
Thomas (ship) [source Venona]
“Jota”
(Khota): Sala, Victorio (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Jour”
[Zhur] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB
officer/agent, NY 1951.
“Journalist”
[Zhurnalist] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, early 30s.
“Juan”:
Khuan: Juan Gaytan Godoy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Juan
Juares (ship) [source Venona]
“Juan”
[Khuan] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1946.
“Juanita”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Judey,
Herman (Hermann) Latvian immigrant
Employee SGPG, husband of Sara Sonia Veksler. [source Venona]
Judey,
Sara Sophie (Sonya), nee Veksler / Weksler a.k.a. Daugavpils Latvian immigrant Employee SGPG. [source
Venona]
“Judge”:
unidentified KGB San Francisco line [source Venona]
Judson,
Major Frederick (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Jui,
N. K.: party name of Dr. John Reinecke Haraii 1930s [source Larry Cott]
Jukes:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Julia”:
Yuliya: Olga Khlopkova (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Julia”:
Yuliya: unidentified cover name [not Olga Khlopkova] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Julia”
[Yuliya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): O. V. Shimmel, KGB
officer/agent, 1945. “Julia” occured in
the Venona decryptions in a number of messages as the cover name of Olga
Khlopkova, a Soviet consulate staff member and KGB operative. Khlopkova may be the pseudonym used in the
U.S. by O. V. Shimmel.
“Julia”
[Yuliya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in Washington in Laurence Duggan’s circle,
mid-1930s. “Julia” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence contact of Iskhak
Akhmerov, a KGB illegal officer, described in a 1944 message as having been out
of contact for several years and currently living near Lake Geneva in New York
on resources of a wealthy father. It is
unclear if the “Julia” of Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks in the mid-30s in
Washington in Laurence Duggan’s circle is the same “Julia” referenced in the
1944 Venona message.[258]
“Juliet
No. 2” [Dzhul'et No. 2] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Boris
Vinogradov’s cover name for Martha Dodd in 1937. See Martha Dodd Stern.
Jung,
?: Described as a contact of Martha Dodd in Berlin.
“Jung”
[Yung] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer Iskhak Akhmerov,
1930s.
“Junior”
[Dzhunior] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Donald Hiss, References
to in 1948.
Junkers
Corporation of America
“Jupiter”:
Yupiter: also “Original”: Odd Fellow, unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Jurist”
[Yurist] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alger Hiss, 1936.
“Jurist”:
White, Harry Dexter [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Jurist”:
Yurist: Harry Dexter White (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Jurist”
[Yurist] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Dexter White,
1941-August 1944. “Jurist” was identified in the Venona decryptions as White.[259]
“Jurist’s”
wife (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Anne Terry White, wife of Harry D.
White. In a 27 June 1945 report by a
KGB officer, “Bogdan”, on a meeting with Charles Kramer, Kramer was asked of
his work in the CPUSA undergrond in Washington in the 1930s. Bogdan reported, “On Cde. Vadim’s
assignment, I asked him to remember the names of those individuals whom he
handled while working as a courier agent for Steve (at the time, he handled
‘Jurist’s’ wife)”.[260] “Steve” was the cover name of Josef Peters,
chief of the CPUSA covert apparatus in the mid-1930s. “Jurist” was the cover name for Harry Dexter White from 1941 to
August 1944, it was changed to “Lawyer” in August 1944 then changed to
“Richard” in September 1944, and appeared as “Reed” in July 1945. “Jurist” was an obsolete cover name for
White at the time of “Bogdan’s” report, but that “Jurist”/White is likely
referened is supported by a 22 June 1945 “Vadim”/Gorsky cable to Moscow Center
“At one time, M. [“Mole”/Kramer] had also worked on the connection between
“Peter” [Josef Peters] and “Richard” [H.D. White] (through “R’s” wife)”.[261] Here Kramer is unambiguously identifed as a
link between Josef Peters and Harry White’s wife. “Bogdan’s” reference to “Jurist’s wife” appears to have been
simply an obsolete use of White’s cover name prior to “Richard”.
Justice,
Department of, U.S.. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Chamber”.
“K...”.:
initial of cover name for Romanenko, Alexander (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“K”.:
initial of unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“K”.:
Cover name for an unidentified Soviet source in West and Tsarev and Andrew and
Mitrokhin that appear to be identical with “Eric”/Broda in Vassiliev’s
notebooks.[262]
“K-11”:
unidentified source KGB San Francisco
line [source Venona]
“K-13”:
unidentified source KGB San Francisco
line [source Venona]
“K-14”:
unidentified source KGB San Francisco
line [source Venona]
KA:
Krasnaya Armiya: Red Army (NGRU line) [source Venona]
K.A.
and KA: See R.A. and RA. (Krasnaya
Armiya – Red Army)
“Kaban”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Boar”. (Alternative translation: Wild Boar).
“Kaban”:
Boar: Churchill (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kabare”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cabaret”.
Kachalova,
Maria Fedorovna, secretary and interpreter to Soviet Attache DC Nov. 42-Sept
46,
Kaftanov,
Sergey: Official of the Soviet State Committee of Defense.
Kagan,
Ellen: Ellen Pozner: sister of Vlad Pozner (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kagan,
Harry: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Employed by the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as an agent
of Jacob Golos to watch and report on any suspect activities of other SGPC
employees.[263] Candidate for cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Vendor”.
Kaganovich,
Mikhail: Senior Bolshivik and Soviet official directing defense and aviation
industry. Accused of sabotage by siting
aviation plans in the western USSR that were overrun in the Nazi invasion, he
shot himself in 1941.
“Kahn” [Kan] (cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent. References to in
1948.
“Kahn”
( Khan )” / “Selim Khan” / “Zelimkhan”: unidentified cover name, candidate A.
Landy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kahn,
? (real name or possible cover name): Employee of DOS, had lunch with Anatoly
Gorsky in the latter’s offical capacity in 1944. (Alternative translation: Khan).
Kahn,
Albert (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kahn,
Albert: Stridently pro-Stalinist journalist and secret member of the
CPUSA. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley
as a source on refugee Ukrainians for Jacob Golos.[264] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Eddie”.
“Kahn”
[Kan] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent with close ties to CPUSA, 1948. “Kahn” occured in the deciphered Venona
cables in 1944 and, while unidentified by NSA/FBI, was likely Avram Landy, a
senior CPUSA official who supervised party work among ethnic groups. But whether “Kahn”/Landy of 1944 is this
1948 “Kahn” is unclear.
Kahn,
Mrs. Ray Gertrude: “Dina” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kain:
See “Kane”.
Kairtsev
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kaiser,
Henry J. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kaiser”
[Kayzer] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence contact, friend of Harold Glasser. Described as American Army captain in Italy in 1944, then working
in the Treasury Depatment in Washington, and
appointed to the staff of the Allied Control Commission in Austria. Formerly active in the Washington CPUSA
network.
Kaiser
Wharf
Kakhetia
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Kalabic'
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kalatozov,
Mikhail Konstantinovich: Soviet intelligence contact/agent. Director of Leningrad Film Studio and
representative of the Soviet film industry in Hollywood in WWII. Kalatozov was identified in the Venona
decryptions with the cover name “Iveri”.
Kaleson,
Greta: Married Klaus Fuchs in 1959.
“Kalibr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Caliber”.
“Kalibr”
/ “Calibre”: David Greenglass (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Kalibr”:
David Greenglass [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Kalif”
/ “Caliph”: William C. Bullitt (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kalinchenko
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Kalinin”:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Kalinin,
Mikhail Ivanovich: Bolshevik leader and official Soviet head of state, 1919-46.
Kalinin
[probably not Tikhon Ivanovich]: “Elkin”
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kalinin,
Tikhon Ivanovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kalinnikov,
John: Accused in 1930 of being a key figure in the anti-Bolshevik (and
imaginary) Industrial Party.
“Kalistrat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Callistratus”.
“Kalistrat”:
Aleksandr Fomin / (Alexander Feklissov): (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kalistrat”:
Feklisov/Fomin (source Feklisov)
Kallet,
Arthur: Soviet intelligence contact/informant, via “Liberal”/Frank Palmer,
prior to 1933.
Kalmanson,
I: Russian emigre.
Kamaeva,
Anna Fedorovna: “Zina” [KGB U.S. Mexico City line] [source Venona]
Kamark,
?: Described as a contact of Harold Glasser at some point.
Kamchatka
(ship) [source Venona]
Kamchetneft
(ship)
“Kamen'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Kamen”.
“Kamen”
[Kamen'] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, 1946. Kamen'
in Russian is usually translated as stone.
However, in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks there is another cover name,
“Stoun”, that is also translated as “Stone”. To avoid confusion, in the translated notebooks, the cover name “Stoun”
will be translated as “Stone” while the cover name “Kamen'” will be
transliterated as “Kamen”.
Kamen,
Martin: Soviet intelligence contact/informant.
Chemist in the Manhattan atomic project’s work at University of
California, Berkeley.
Kamenev,
Ivan Efimovich: probably “Chemist”: Khinik (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kamenev,
Ivan: Soviet intelligence officer.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Photon”. “Photon” appears in the Venona decryptions as KGB officer Leonid
G. Pritomanov, likely Kamenev’s pseudonym in America.
Kamenev
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kamensky,
?: Soviet intelligence officer. Executed in Stalin’s purge of his security
services in the late 1930s.
“Kamfora”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kan”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Kahn”.
“Kan”:
probably garble for “Caen” [L.A.]
Kandyn...,
Senior Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Kane”
[Keyn] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Senator Claude Pepper.
(Alternative translation: Kain and Caine).
Kanevets,
?: name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Kanop”
/ “Canopus”: unidentified, in U.S. State Department (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kant”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Magdoff prior to 29 December 1944
(when changed to “Tan”). “Kant” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Magdoff in May 1944 messages.[265] Note September-December 1944 overlap with
“Kant”/Zborowski.
“Kant”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mark Zborowski starting in September
1944. “Kant” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Zborowski in September 1944 - April 1945 messages.[266] Note September-December 1944 overlap with
“Kant”/Magdoff.
“Kant”
(after September 1944)”: Mark Zborowski: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kant”
(prior to September 1944)”: Harry Samuel Magdoff (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kantor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cantor”.
“Kanuk”
/ “Canuk”: Moszulski, Roman of Polish Telegraph Agency correct spelling Moczulski (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Kapitan
(cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks): See “Captain”.
Kapitan
Smernov (ship) [source Venona]
Kapitsa,
Petr Leonidovich: Soviet physicist, contributed to the Soviet atomic bomb
project.
Kaplan,
Irving: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist. Economist
employed as the associate director of the New Deal National Research Project in
the mid-1930, later on the staff of the Justice Department, War Production
Board, Foreign Economic Administration, Treasury Department in WWII, and for
the Department of Economic Affairs of the United Nations. In 1952 he invoked the Fifth Admendment to
refuse to answer questions from a congressional committee about participating
in a conspiracy to overthrow the U.S. government. He was then fired by U.N. Secretary General Trygve Lie. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of
the Silvermaster espionage group.[267] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Tino”.
Kaplun,
Elena, wife of Timofej Kapuln of Amtorg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kaplun,
Timofej Yakovlevich, Vice-President of Amtorg (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kapral”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Corporal”.
“Kapral”
/ “Corporal”: Edward Stettinius, Jr. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kara
(ship) [source Venona]
Karaga
(ship)
“Karfagen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Carthage”.
Karin,
?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent know to Jacob Golos and later arrested in
the purge of the security services.
“Karl”
(cover name/work name): Whittaker Chambers, 1930s.
“Karl”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Tselnis, described as an American
GRU agent who defected in 1939. Likely
a pseudonym for Whittaker Chambers or a confusion of another agent with
Chambers.
“Karl”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent,
technical line, 1944-1945. Likely
William Stapler. Described as “chemical
engineer at the Hercules Powder Company.
With us since ’34”. Prior to
October 1944 designated as “Ray”.[268] “Karl” was identified in the Venona
decryptions but the real name was redacted by NSA.
“Karl”
/ “Skat” / “Ray”: redacted (KGB line)
[source Venona]
Karl
Libknekht (ship)
Karl
Marx (ship)
Karl:
Work name early 1930s work name used by Iskhak Akhmerov.
Karlag:
One of the Gulag’s largest camps, in northern Kazakhstan.
“Karliki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Midgets”.
Karlos:
see Carlos
“Karlov”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Karmen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Carmen”.
“Karmen”
/ “Carmen”, unidentifed covername of a courier (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Karmen,
?: A unidentified Soviet described as having known Robert Capa in the Spanish
Civil War.
“Karo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jürgen Kuczynski.
Karoly,
?: Described as someone denied a visa to enter the United States at the request
of the Horthy government.
“Karp”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Carp”.
Karp,
Bluma: Russian-immigrant Russian translator in the Office of Naval
Intelligence, 1935-1937. Cultivated as
possible source of intelligence on the U.S. Navy. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Cecil”.
Karp
Export and Import Company: See Carp Export and Import Company.
Karpekov,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Prokopevich, Soviet KGB student: “Ural” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Karpov”:
Kulbitskij (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
“Karpov,
Abram”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Karski,
Jan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Karsner,
Rose: Prominent American Trotskyist.
Kartasheva,
Varvara Dmitriyevna: See Varvara Hammer.
“Kasem-Bet?,
Aleksandr Kasem-Beg? possibly Pauk”: Spider
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kasenkina,
Oksana Stepanovna: Teacher with the Soviet diplomatic delegation in New
York who, when recalled to the USSR,
attempted to defect by leaping from a high window from a Soviet diplomatic
building. The ensuing diplomatic
incident ended with the U.S. offering and her accepting asylum in the U.S.[269]
Kashalot
(ship) [source Venona]
Kashirstroj
(ship)
Kasilov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Kasparov,
Grigory: KGB officer, chief of the San Franciso station in 1944 under
diplomatic cover as vice-consul.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as Soviet intelligence
officer/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Gift”.
Kasparov,
Grigory, vice-consul in San Francisco replacing Kheifets: “Gift” / “Dar” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kassir”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cashier”.
“Kassir”
(“Cashier”): White, Harry Dexter
probably in 1939 [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Kasyenkina:
See Kasenkina.
“Katalizaton”
/ “Catalyst”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Katalizator”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Catalyst”.
“Katod”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cathode”.
Kats,
M.: Described as connected to Soviet journal Tribuna.
“Katya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer supplied with
business cover by Boris Morros in the mid-1930s for work in Berlin, likely
Vasily Zarubin.
“Katya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Catherine Morros, late 1940s.
“Katya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1944.
“Katya”:
Golovina, Ekaterina Nikitichna (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Katz”:
Walter Lippmann, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Katz,
Joseph: “Stukach” / “Informer” / “Douglas” / “Iks” / “X” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Katz,
Joseph: “X” [source Schecter Sacred
Secrets]
Katz,
Joseph: Soviet intelligence agent. One
of the KGB’s most active American agents.
KGB liaison with Jacob Golos and Elizabeth Bentley. Bentley knew Katz under the pseudonym Jack. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet agent.[270] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Informer” prior to August 1944, “Douglas” in August 1944, “X” starting in
September 1944.
Katz,
Otto: Covert Comintern operative, active in many of Willi Munzenberg’s front
organizations. Executed in 1952 in the
Czechoslovak Slansky purge.
Katzel,
M. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kaunert,
Rose (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kavalerist”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cavalryman”.
“Kavalerist”
/ “Cavalryman”: Sergey Kurnakov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kavurina,
Miss ?: Described as Amtorg employee with links to Trotsky.
Kayak
(ship) [source Venona]
“Kayzer”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Kaiser”.
“Kazachok”:
Boy-Servant: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kazakevich,
Vladimir: Pro-Communist American academic of Russian origin. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as assisting
Jacob Golos.[271] An instructor at U.S. Army school in WWII.
Kazakov,
Stepan Ivanovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kazaniev,
?: KGB officer, Moscow 1944.
“Kazbek”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Kaznachej”
/ “Purser”: unidentified cover name
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kaznachey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Treasurer”.
Kedrovsky,
John: Russian Orthodox priest in America and leader of the “Living Church”
movement seeking accommodation with Bolshevik authorities.
“Keel”
[Kil] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Petroff after
October 1944.[272]
“Keen”
/ “Kin”: Wicher, Enos Regnet after January 1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Keen”
/ “Kin” unidentified cover name [fall 1944, does not appear to be Wicher] also
“Block” / “Rybolov” / “Osprey” or “Fisherman” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Keenan,
Helen Grace Scott: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Also known as Helen Scott.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[273] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Fir”.
Keenan,
Helen Grace Scott: “Fir” (“El'”)r (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Keeney,
Mary Jane [GRU] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Keeney,
Mary Jane: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[274] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Cerberus’s” wife.
Keeney,
Philip Olin: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[275] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Cerberus”.
Keeney,
Phillip Olin [GRU] in KGB line: “Bredan” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Keith:
Pete: work names of a photographer for Chambers [source Chambers Witness]
Keldysh,
Mstislav Vsevolodovich: President of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1961 -
1978.
Kellerberg,
Monsignor: Described as aide to Cardinal Spellman.
Kellex
Corporation: Subsidiary of Kellogg Construction Company, carried out major
Manhattan atomic project contracts.
Kelley,
John: Described as an organizer of the National Committee for Recognition of
Soviet Russia.
Kelley,
Robert F.: Chief of the State Department East European Division in the early
and mid-1930s until its merger into the European Division.
Kellogg,
Frank: Secretary of State, 1925 – 1929.
Kellogg:
W.M. Kellogg Construction Company, major contractor for the Manhattan atomic
project.
“Kelly”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Kemp”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, described as having been involved in atomic espionage but was by
1948 “completely revaled”.
Kenig,
?: Described as a prominent general, likely French, 1948.
Kennan,
George (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kennan,
George: Senior DOS adviser on Soviet matters.
Kennedy,
Joseph: Chemistry instructor at the University of California, Berkely, who
assisted Glen Seaborg in using the cyclotron to produce plutonium in 1941.
Kennedy,
Joseph: Former U.S. ambassador to Britain.
Kennedy,
Robert: U.S. Senator (D. NY)
“Kennel”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Kent”:
Skryagin, Capt. Nikolaj [Nikolay] Alekseevich, assistant Naval Attache, DC
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Kent,
Sally: Described as assistant to Ruth Shipley at DOS.
“Kepri”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as female,
staff of FEA, then joined the State Department and worked on South American
matters References to in 1945.
Kerensky,
Alexander: Exiled leader of the republican government that replaced the Tsar
after the February 1917 revolution in Russia that was subsequently overthrown
in the Bolshevik coup of November 1917.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Loser”.
Kern,
attorny, RP, close to Dewey [source Venona]
Kerr
Commission: Press label for a 1943 subcommittee of the House Appropriations
Committee headed by Rep. John H. Kerr (D. NC) that investigated several
executive agency employees for possible left extremist ties and recommended
denying appropriations for their salaries.
Erroneously described in Vassiliev’s notebooks by a KGB officer as
“Kerr’s Senate committee”.
Kerr,
Philip, Marquess of Lothian,: British ambassador to the U.S., 1939-1940.
Kerr,
Sir A. Clark, British Ambassador in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kershbaum,
Dr., former worker in German military chemical industry [source Venona]
Keslitzin,
Alexander J. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Kesselring,
Albert: Senior Luftwaffe officer, later field marshal.
Kessler,
Frank: Work name used by Harry Gold.
“Ket”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Cat”.
“Key”
[Klyuch] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1930s, likely technical intelligence.
“Keyn”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Kane”. (Alternative translations: “Kain”, “Caine”.
Keynes,
John M.: British monetary expert and economist.
KGB:
Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti: Committee for State Security.
“Kh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “X”.
Khabarovsky
(ship) [source Venona]
Khachaturian,
Aram: Soviet composer.
“Khadr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hadre”.
“Khal”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent described as a contact of Elizabeth Bentley in 1944. (Khal is Russian for a plaited bread.)
Kharchenko,
?: Former Soviet supervisor of Iosif ?.
Kharlamov,
Rear Admiral N. M. Soviet military Mission, London, 41-46 (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Kharon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Charon”.
“Kharon”
/ “Charon”: Grigory Khejfets [Kheifetz Kheifets] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Khata”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): see “Hut”.
“Khata” (peasant’s hut, a more generic term that
Izba (OSS) which also can be translated as Hut: FBI (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Khavalov,
Capt. Nilolaj A., assistant representative of the Portland office of SGPG]:
Frost (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Khazar”:
unidentified cover name [Naturalized citizen, probably Yugoslav] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kheifets,
Grigory Markovich: KGB officer.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet officer/agent. Birth name Grimeril. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Grisha” (1930s) and “Charon” (1941-1944),
Kheifetz:
See Kheifets, Grigory.
Kheifits,
Girgory: “Kharon” [source Damaskin Harris]
Kheifits:
See Kheifets, Grigory.
Khejfets
[Kheifetz or Kheifets or Kheifits], Grigory Markovich, Soviet vice-consul, in
San Francisco, from 1941 to 6 July 1944: Kharon: Charon (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Khelen”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks) See
“Helen”.
“Khell”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Hell”.
Kherson
(ship)
Kheyfets:
See Kheifets, Grigory.
“Khiks”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hicks”.
“Khimik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chemist”.
Khimushin,
Soviet engineer [source Venona]
“Khirt”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hirt”.
“Khiton”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tunic”.
Khlopkova,
Olga: Possibly a real name but more likely the pseudonym of a Soviet
intelligence officer/agent with the cover name “Julia” in the Venona
decryptions. “Julia” in Vassiliev’s
notebooks is identified as O. V. Shimmel.
Khlopkova,
Olga Valentinovna: “Julia” / “Yuliya”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Khmyrov,
Capt (3rd Rank) Evgenij A., Soviet Mring Inspector (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Kholostoy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bachelor”.
“Khong”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hong”.
“Khorek”
/ “Polecat”: Trotskyist (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Khor'ki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Polecats”.
“Khosyain”
/ “Employer”: Buchman, Henry [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword] [See “Boss”
[Khozyain] and Bookman, Henry]
Khotimsky,
?: KGB illegal officer early 30s. Cover
names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Namesake” (1934).
“Khoze”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jose”.
“Khozyain”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Boss”. (Alternative translation: Owner, Employer)
“KhOZYaJSTVENNOE
UPRAVLENIE”: Economic Directorate, technical intelligence: KhU (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Khram”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Temple”.
Khrameev,
Vasilij [Vasily] Ivanovich (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
Khrushchev,
Nikita S.: Chief of the CPSU and leader of the USSR, 1953-1964.
KhU
line: KGB scientific-technical espionage line of work. KhU is a transliteration
of the Russian Cyrillic letters that pictorially resemble the Latin letters
“XY” but are the phonetic equivalent of “Kh” and “U”. However, often in English the KhU line is designated with the
Latin alphabet letters “XY”, a transfer without transliteration of the Russian
Cyrillic letters. See XY line.
“Khuan”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Juan”.
“Khudozhnik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Artist”.
“Khuk”
/ “Hook”: Dvoichenko-Markov, Demetrius (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Khurgin,
?: Associated with Amtorg in 1924 according to Vasily Delgass.
“Khutor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Farm”. (Alternative translation: farmstead, settlement)
“Khutor”:
Foreign Economic Administration. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Khvat”
or “Vulture”: scientific source of New York
KGB [source Feklisov]
Khvostov,
M.N. or G. N. Ogloblin, KGB Soviet students, “Artem” “Artonius” (unclear): (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Khyus”:
Hughes: Sarant (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kh'yuz”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hughes”.
“Khzar”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
K.I.:
Communist International.
KI
(K.I.): Committee of Information.
“Kid”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mary Price in early 1941.
“Kid”:
Price, Mary Wolfe [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Kiernik,
Wanda (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kiev
(ship)
Kikareva,
Mariya Ivanovna, wife of John Scott”,: possibly Ivanova (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kil”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Keel”.
“Kil”:
Aleksandr N. Petroff (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kilgore
Committee: Press term for the Subcommittee on War Mobilization of the Senate
Military Affairs Committee chaired by Senator Kilgore.
Kilgore,
Harley M.: U.S. Senator (D. West Virginia).
Kilgore,
Senator (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kimov”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Kin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See Gerhard Fuchs, 1951.
“Kin”
/ “Keen” / “Blok” / “Block” / “Rybolov” / “Osprey” or “Fisherman”: unidentified
cover name [fall 1944, does not appear to be Wicher] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kin”
/ “Keen”: Wicher, Enos Regnet after January 1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kin”:
Yartsev, Boris, married to Stockholm
reezident Stockholm line, [West Venona]
Kincaid,
Admiral
“King”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Julius Rosenberg, 1950.
“King”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent/officer, KGB
illegal station mid-1930s, earlier “Walter”; likely also “James” and possibly
“John”. References to in 1934, 1936.
King,
Admiral Ernest
King,
Ernest: U.S. Navy Admiral and Chief of Naval Operations.
King
George V (ship) [source Venona]
King,
Mackenzie: Canadian Prime Minister (1935-1948).
King
of Italy [source Venona]
King,
William Henry: U.S. Senator, Utah, 1917-1941, Democrat. King was an early opponent of American
recognition of or trade with the Soviet Union and supporter of American aid to
anti-bolshevik forces. He traveled to
Russian in 1923, met with Soviet officials and Armand Hammer, and returned to
the U.S. an advocate of American trade as a means of ameliorating the Soviet
state. He remained an associate of the
Hammer family, assisting Julius in getting an American passport after his
release from prison for performing an illegal abortion and introducing Armand
into elite political circles in Washington.[276] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bab”.
Kingsbury,
John: Prominent social worker and public health advocate and ardent admirer of
the USSR.
Kinsky,
Leonid [Kinskj] (KGB U.S. line and San Francisco line) [source Venona])
“Kinsman”:
Rodstvennik: also “Solidnjy”: Solid: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kinsman”
(Rodstevennik) (cover name in the Venona decryptions): Likely James H.
Hibben. “Kinsman” does not appear in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. But in
the Venona decryptions, “Solid” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an
unidentified technical source in 1943 and 1944” that was name changed to
“Kinsman” in October 1944.[277] And “Solid” is identified in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks as Hibben.
However, the “Kinsman” cover name may not have been implemented because
“Solid” had become “Reed” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks by 1945. See “Solid”.
“Kiosk”:
unidentified cover name Soviet organization in U.S. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kipp,
?: Described as a German diplomat and suspected of being a German intelligence
officer.
Kipura,
?: Described as an Austrian film actor, 1935.
“Kir”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ivan Morozov. Worked with Harry Gold,
1939-1940. References to in 1945, 1950
“Kira
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Kirby
Smith (ship) [source Venona]
Kirichenko,
Timofej Fred
“Kirill”:
Panshin, Nikolaj [Nikolay] Georgievich [KGB Bogota line] [source Venona]
“Kirillov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent/officer 1950.
“Kirillov”:
Chernyj, S.I. (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
Kirillov,
Viktor, Soviet KGB student”: Sullen: Ugryumyj
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kirillyuk:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Kirilyk,
(possibly Kirillyuk): unidentified
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Kirov,
S. (ship) [source Venona]
Kirov,
Sergey: Senior Bolshevik leader killed under unclear circumstance in 1934.
Kirovskij,
R.K. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kirsanov,
Aleksej [Aleksey] Sergeevich, (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Kis”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Supreme Headquarters Allied
Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), circa 1944.
“Kis”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Kiselev,
Evenij: “Grandfather” “Grandpapa” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kisilev, Evgeni: Soviet diplomat. Soviet consul
general in New York, 1942-1944. Know in the American press at the time Eugene
Kisselev.
Kislitsin,
Filip V.: KGB officer and colleague of Vladimir Petrov.
Kisov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kiss,
?: Described as the leader of “Link”, described as an OSS-connected clandestine
group in Bulgaria.
Kistiakovski,
George (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona] (misspelling of Kistiakowsky)
Kistiakowsky,
George: Senior scientist in the Manhattan atomic project, head of the implosion
department.
Kistiakowsky,
George (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Spelled as Kistiakovski.
“Kit”
/ “Whale”: unidentified name of institution (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kite”
(“Korshun”): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Kittovsky,
Klaus: Described as grandson of Emil Fuchs.
“Kiy”:
unidentified KGB source in DOS, mid 1930s [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Kizhuch (ship) [source Venona]
K/k:
Konspirativnaya kvartira, a safe house.
KKK:
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kladov,
Captain Daniel Garvilovich: Soviet naval intelligence agent in U.S. 1943. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kladov:
unidentified probably Daniel G., (NGRU
line) [source Venona]
“Klan”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Clan”.
“Klara”:
Stridsberg, Augustina (formerly Jirku) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
Klara
Tsetkin (ship)
Klarin,
Pavel: Assistant station chief New York KGB 1941 real name Pastelnyak [source
Feklisov]
Klarin,
Pavel P. (pseudonym): Pavel P. Pastelnyak’s pseudonym in the U.S. Klarin was identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet officer/agent with the cover name “Luka”.
Klarin,
Pavel P., Soviet Vice-Consul in New York, KGB: “Luka” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Klark”
/ “Clark”: GRU officer London U.K. line [West Venona]
Klas
Horn (ship) [source Venona]
“Klava”:
Mercader, Caridad (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Kleckowski,
Karl von: Described as source for an OSS report on Jappanese intelligence in
Turkey.
“Kleiman”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Klein,
?: Described as executive officers of Telefunken, 1945.
Klein,
Julius: Director of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce in the U.S.
Department of Commerce in the 1920s.
Kleinmade,
?: Described as a Telefunken top manager.
Klejm...
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Klemens”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Clemence”.
“Klemens”
/ “Clemence” / “Li” / “Lee”, unidentified, redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kligman,
?: Husband of Beatrice Emmet.
Kligman,
Beatrice: Married name of Beatrice Emmett, described as a cousin of Milton
Golos.
“Klim”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer in Rome or
Vienna, 1950, likely Vitaly Pavlov.[278]
“Klim”:
KGB resident in Ottawa, unidentified, 1942 [Pavlov?] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Klim”:
unidentifed in New York traffic [West Venona]
“Klim”:
Vitaly Pavlov [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Klimenkov,
Petr Vasilevich: “Chapaj” [or “Chapay”] (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
“Klin”
/ “Wedge”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Klistrat”:
Calistratus = Aleksandr Fomin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Klo”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent, after
September 1944. Likely Esther Trebach
Rand. “Klo” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Rand.[279]
“Klod”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Claude”.
Klopstock,
Hanna: Soviet intelligence source/contact, German Communist in London, U.K.,
1946 Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Marta”.
“Klotik”:
partial identification as “ ...enko”
“Klub”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Club”.
Kluge,
German Field Marshal, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Klyuch”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Key”.
Klyuchnikov,
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Klyukva”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cranberry”.
Kmenets-Podolsk
(ship) [source Venona]
Kneeland,
Hildegarde: Soviet intelligence contact/informant, 1944. Goverment statistician. Described as a secret Communist in FEA in
contact with Victor Perlo.
Knezevic'
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Knight”
/ “Rytsar”: unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Knocker
[Stukach]: See “Informer”.
Knopinsky,
?: Described as official of Glavkontsesskom.
“Knopka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Button”.
Knowland,
William: U.S. Senator (R, CA)
Knox,
Frank: U.S. Secretary of War.
Knox,
Secretary of the Navy
Knoxville,
TN: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Novogorsk”.
“Knut”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Whip”.
“Knyaz'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Prince”.
“Knyaz”
/ “Prince”: Laurence Duggan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Knyazeva,
Galina Vadimovna: Sister of Olga V. Hammer
Ko,
?: Soviet scientist, linked to Nikolay Vavilov.
Koba,
Nikolay Danilovich: Crewman on the Soviet tanker “Azerbaijan”.
Kobilsky,
Ivan: Soviet POW interviewed by American intelligence.
Kobulov,
Bogdan: Senior aide to Lavrenty Beria.
Kobushko,
?: Acquaintance of Victor Hammer.
“Koch”
/ “Kokh”: Duncan C. Lee (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Koch”
[Kokh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Duncan Lee. “Koch” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Lee.[280]
Kochetkov,
Andrej, Soviet airman of Soviet Government Purchasing Commission (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Kofman,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Kogan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified GRU illegal infiltrated into
the U.S. via San Francisco on a Soviet ship.
“Kogan”
/ “ucn/16”: KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Kokh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Koch”.
Kokhnovskij:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Koks”
/ “Cox”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Kolbe
(on ship Emba) (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
Kolchak
veteran: Someone who served with the anti-Bolshevik forces of Tsarist Admiral
Aleksandr V. Kolchak.
Kolesnikov:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kolkhoznik
(ship)
“Kollega”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Colleague”.
“Kollega”:
Colleague: unidentified name works in the photographic section pictorial
division (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kollegi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Colleagues”.
Kollontay,
Alexandra: Bolshevik leader and Soviet diplomat.
“Kolo”:
Kosanovic, Sava N. [Kosanovic ?] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kolodny:
See Colodny.
Kolomenskij:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kolomoytsev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Kolpovsky,
Konstantin Mikhaylovich: “Mikhajlovich” / “Mikhaylovich” (KGB line) {source
Venona]
“Kolstov”
(or “Kolstov”): unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kolumba
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Kolybel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cradle”.
“Kom”:
a secretary of the USSR Embassy (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Komar”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gnat”.
“Komar”
/ “Gnat”: Kravchenko, Viktor (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Kombinat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Complex”.
“Kombinat”:
Combine: People’s Commissariat for Foreign Trade (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Komiles,
Soviet ship (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kommunistische
Partei Deutschlands (KPD): Communist Party of Germany.
Komsomol’sk
(ship)
Komsomolets
Arktiki, ship
Komsto: Commission of the Council of Labor and Defense,
USSR.
Kondensator” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Condenser”.
“Kondrashov,
S.: KGB officer, Moscow, 1966.
Konenkova,
Margareta”: Lukas, [source Sudoplatov]
Konius,
Boris: See Conius, Boris.
“Konkurenty”
(cover name/tradecraft term): “Competitors”.
Konnikova (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Konoe,
Fumimaro: Japanese Prime Minister, January-August 1939.
Konovalets,
Yevhen: Ukrainian nationalist leader.
Konovalov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Konrad,
Inga: Described as Austrian paramour of Michael Farrell.
Konspirativnaya
kvartira (k/k): safe house.
Konspiratsia:
KGB tradecraft term for the rules and practices of covert work and
conspiracy.
“Konstantin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Constantine”.
Konstantinov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Konstantinov,
Bohlen M. Soviet Union representative in Lanchow. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Konstantinova,
Katerina: Former wife of Leon Theremin.
Also know as Katia Constantinova.
Konstantinovic,
Mikhail, member of Jugoslav governement of 1939-41 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Konstruktor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Constructor”. (Alternative
translation: Designer)
“Konstruktor”:
Abraham Brothman [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Konstruktor”
/ “Constructor”: Abraham Brothman (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Konsul”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Consul”.
“Kontora”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Office”.
“Kontora”
/ “Office”: KGB apparatus in Soviet Consulate in NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kontraktatsiya
(tradecraft term): See Contracting.
“Kontsern”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Concern”
“Kontsessioner”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Consessionaire”.
Kopelevich,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Kopoe,
?: Described in 1941 as former Japanese Prime Minister, likely an error for
Fumimaro Konoe, Japanese Prime Minister, January-August 1939.
“Kopylov”:
Korolev, Mikhail Nikolaevich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kora”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cora”. Kora means bark or rind in
Russian. However, “Kora” was translated
phonetically as “Cora” in the Venona decryptions, and, additionally, there is a
separate cover name “Bark” spelled phonetically in Russia as “Bark”. Consequently, here “Kora” is translated as
“Cora”.
“Kora”
/ “Cora”: redacted, wife of “Ampere”/“Roy” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Koral,
Alexander: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Long-time KGB courier in partnership with his wife Helen. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[281] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Don”
from 1936 until August 1944, “Senor” in August 1944, “Berg” starting in
September 1944.
Koral,
Gilbert: Son of Alexander and Helen Koral.
Koral,
Helen: “Art” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Koral,
Helen: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Long-time KGB courier in partnership with her husband Alexander. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[282] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Carmen” prior to August 1944, “Miranda” in August 1944, “Art” starting in
September 1944.
Koral,
Richard: Soviet intelligence contact.
Son of Alexander and Helen Koral.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Fledgling”, “San”.
Koral,
Sylvia: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secretary in the code section, Office of War Information. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Lok”.
“Korchagin”:
Paposhinskij
Koreshkov,
A.A.: co-author of KGB book Station Chief Gold.
Korin,
Pavel: Soviet painter of the 1930s-1960s.
Korneev,
Mikhail: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Alan”.
“Kornet”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cornet”.
“Korney”
/ “Kornej” / “Corneille”: Soviet KGB student: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kornienko,
?: Soviet intelligence officer Moscow Center, 1939.
“Korobov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer in London,
1947. Identified in the Venona
decryptions in 1944-1945 as KGB officer Nikolay Ostrovsky in the U.S; Ostrovsky
could have been a pseudonym.
“Korobov”:
Ostrovskiy, Nikolaj [Nikolay] P. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Korolev,
Konstantin Konstatinovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Korolev,
Mikhail Nikolaevich: Kopylov, new KGB agent, Purchasing Commission cover.
1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Korotkov,
Alexander Mikhailovich: Head of KGB illegals department, 1948.
“Korporant”:
members CPUSA (KGB U.S. line and GRU line) [source Venona]
“Korpus”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Corpus”.
Korvin,
Boris: Bolaslav, John Wrzesinski aka Bolaslav, John Corvin (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
Koryak
(ship)
Kosanovic,
Sava N. Yugoslav journalist, politician, in Yugoslav government when Germany
invaded, later Tito government official: “Kolo” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Koshkin,
Semen Ivanovich, engineer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kositsyn,
Vladimir: Emigre, White Russian activist.
Kosov
(or Kossov), Simon: Described as naval architect and Amtorg official.
Kossar,
Vladimir (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kostrov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer. Liaison with KGB with the
Alfred and Martha Stern, 1949.
Kostsyushko,
Lyubov Nikolayevna: Mother of Olga V. Hammer.
Maiden name Olga Vadina Root.
Also know as Lyubov Nikolayevna Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich.
Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich,
Lyubov Nikolayevna: See Lyubov Nikolayevna Kostsyushko.
Kostyagin,
Pavel (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kosygin,
Alexsey Nikolayevich: Senior Soviet official.
“Kotets”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Kotov”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Koum”:
Serbian emigrant in OSS working for KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Kovalchuk,
Tofil (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kovalenko,
Father,: Described as chairman of the Russian Committee on Refugee Affairs at
the Vatican.
Kovalenok,
E. V.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1950.
Kovarsky,
?: Described as faculty supervisor of Englebert Broda at Cambridge University.
“Kovelenko”:
Petrov: KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Kovoj,
Anatolij [Anatoly] Vasilevich: “Direction Finder” (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
Kowalewski,
Stanislaw (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kozinets,
Vasilij [Vasily] K. (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
KPCh:
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
KPD:
Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands: Communist Party of Germany.
KR:
KGB’s KR line was counter-intelligence.
K-r:
the first letter and, perhaps, the last letter of the real name of “Richard”,
an otherwise unidentified Soviet intelligence officer in 1939.
“Krab”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Crab”.
Krabolov
II (ship) [source Venona]
Krafsur,
Samuel: “Ide” / “Yaz” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Krafsur,
Samuel: Soviet intelligence source/agent. CPUSA member and veteran of the
International Brigades. In 1944 KGB
queried Comintern regarding Krafsur’s bone fides. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[283] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ide”.
Kramer,
Charles: “Plumb” / “Lot” and probably
“Mole” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Kramer,
Charles: Soviet intelligence source.
Birth name Krivitsky. An
economist, worked for the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on War Mobilization, the
Office of Price Administration and after WWII on the Senate Labor and Public
Welfare committee. Identified as part
of the Ware Group and the Washington C.P. underground in the 1930s by Whittaker
Chambers, Nathaniel Weyl, Lee Pressman, and Hope Hale Davis. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those
identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage
risks. Identified in the Venona decryptions
as a Soviet source/agent. Identified by
Elizabeth Bentley as part of the Perlo espionage group. KGB sent Comintern a vetting inquiry about
him in 1944.[284] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Mole”, “Plumb”.
Krasin,
Leonid B.: Senior Bolshevik official, People's Commissar of Foreign Trade,
1920-1924.
Krasinskij
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Krasnaya
Armiya (K.A. and KA): Soviet Red Army.
Krasnoarmeets
(ship)
Krasnoe
Znamya (ship) [source Venona]
Krasnogvardeets
(ship)
Krasnoye
Znamya (ship) [source Venona]
Krasnyj
Oktyabr (ship) [source Venona]
Krause,
Max: Described as a German scientist involved in Nazi rocket research. Possibly a mistake for Max Kramer.
Kravchenko,
V. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kravchenko,
Victor: Soviet engineer for the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission who
publicly defected in 1944 and wrote an anti-Stalinist book. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Gnat”.
Kravchenko,
Viktor, Soviet defector: “Gnat” /
“Komar” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Kravchuk, Political officer on Vanzetti (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kray”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Territory”. [In the Venona decryptions “Kray” was
translated as “Land”.)
Krayevsky,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Krayevsky,
B.: Amtorg official, 1924-1925.
Kremer,
Semen: GRU officer, cover as secretary to the military attaché in London, 1941.
Kremer,
Semyon Davidovich: “Alexander”, a GRU officer in U.K. and Fuchs controller
[source Feklisov Rosenbergs].
Kreshin,
Boris Mikhailovich: Soviet intelligence officer. Also known as Borukh Moiseyevich Kresshin.
“Krestyanin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Peasant”.
Krieger,
Sam: party name of Clarence Miller [source Chambers Witness]
Krikoriantz-Grigorieff,
Nicolai I. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Kritik”
/ “Critic”: unidentified cover
name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Krivitsky,
Charles: Birth name of Charles Kramer.
Krivitsky,
Walter: Senior GRU officer who shifted to the KGB in the mid-1930s, defected in
1937. His autobiography, In Stalin's
Secret Service, had considerable impact on public opinion in the U.S.[285] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Enemy”.
KRO:
Kontrrevolyucionny otdel – Counterintelligence Department of the OGPU.
Kroger,
Helen: Pseudonym used Leona Cohen in Great Britain when she was arrested for
espionage in 1961.
Kroger,
Peter: Pseudonym used Morris Cohen in Great Britain when he was arrested for
espionage in 1961.
“Krok”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Yury Vasilievich Novikov.
Krokhin,
Konstantin Ivanovich: “Nestor” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kron”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chrome Yellow”.
“Kron”
/ “Chrome yellow” / “Chrome Pigment”:
redacted unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kropachev,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center, 1941.
Kropotov,
?: KGB officer, Berlin station early 1930s.
“Krot”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mole”.
“Krot”
/ “Mole”: unidentified cover name
(probably Charles Kramer) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Krotkova,
Christina, typist and translator to Kravchenko in 1945: “Zhanna” / “Jeanne” /
“Ols” / “Ola” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Krotov,
Boris Mikhailovich: Soviet intelligence officer in the U.S., 1947-1950 NY. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Bob”. “Bob” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Boris Krotov on the London-Moscow channel in 1945.
Krub,
Julius Albert, Chairman of War Production Board, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Krug”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Circle”.
“Krug”
/ “Cricle”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Krupp:
A reference to either Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach or his father,
Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, leading figures of the German munitions
and armaments firm Friedrich Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp in the 1930s.
Krutikov,
Deptury Commissar of Foreign Trade (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Krutikov
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Krylenko,
Eliena Vassilyenva: Wife of Max Eastman.
Krylenko,
Nikolay.: Prominent Soviet prosecutor in the Terror, later arrested and shot.
“Kryshi”
(tradecraft term): See “Roof”.
“Kryshka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lid”. (Alternate translation: Cover)
“Krysy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rats”.
“Kryuchkov,
Vladimir Alexandrovich: Chief of the KGB, 1988-1991.
KSA
or CSA: possibly initials for an organization (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kuban
(ship)
Kuchin,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Kuchinsky,
Urgen: Variant spelling. See Kuczynski,
Jurgen.
Kuchinsky,
Ursula: Variant spelling. See
Kuczynski, Ursula.
Kuczynski,
Jurgen (Jürgen): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Refugee German Communist in Great Britain. Academic economist, employed by the U.S.
Strategic Bombing Survey. Brother of
Ursula Kuczynski. Spelling variant:
Urgen Kuchinsky. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Karo”.
Kuczynski,
Ursula: Soviet intelligence source/agent, GRU.
German Communist in Great Britain.
Sister of Jurgen Kuczynski.
Married name: Ursula Beurton.
Also know as Ruth Werner.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Partially disclosed her activities in an
autobiography.[286] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Sonya”.
Kuczynsky, Ursula: “Sonya” GRU U.K. [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Kuczynsky,
Jürgen: “Caro” GRU line in U.K. [source
Feklisov]
Kuczynsky:
Spelling variant of Kuczynski.
Kudlaj
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kudryavtsev,
Sergej [Sergey] N., First Secretary of USSR embassy, Ottawa”: Lion (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kuechler,
German Field Marshal (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kuhn,
Fritz: Chief of the German-American Bund.
Kuhn,
Loeb, & Co.: Major American international banking firm.
Kujbyshev,
V. (ship)
Kukin,
Konstantin Mikhailovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Igor”.
Kukin,
Konstantin Mikhailovich, Counselor Soviet Union embassy, London: “Igor” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona] [source Andrew and Mitrokhin] [source West &
Tsarev]
“Kulak”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Thomas Dewey, crica 1944. “Kulak” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Dewey.
“Kulak”
/ “Fist”: Dewey, Tom (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Kulbitskij
[Kulbitsky], ?: “Karpov” (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kulchinsky,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Kulibini-Izmajlova:
redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kulichenko
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kulma
Minin (ship) [source Venona]
Kulsky,
?: Described as legal counsel of the Polish government in London.
“Kum”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Godfather”.
“Kuma”
/ “godmother” or “Kum” “Godfather”: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kunoly,
?: Described as Czechoslovak envoy to Argentina, 1948.
“Kurd”:
Gautier, Marcel, Counsellor to French Delegation] (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Kurekhin
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Kur'er”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Courier”.
Kuritsina,
Irina P. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Kurnakov,
Sergej [Sergey] Nikolaevich, former Czarist cavalry officer in 1940s writing
for pro-Sov publications in U.S.: Kavalerist: Cavalryman: “Bek” / “Beck” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kurnakov,
Sergey Nikolaevich: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Former Tsarist cavalry officer who had immigrated to the U.S. and
become a Communist. Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[287] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Cavalryman” prior to September 1944, then “Beck”.
“Kurnevskij”
[“Kurnevsky”]: Konstantine Andreevich Orlov, KGB under Purchasing Commission
cover, New York. 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kurort”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Spa”.
Kurskij
[Kursky], Senior Lt (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Kursky, Ivan Ivanovich: Second husband of Varvara
Hammer.
“Kurt”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer. References to in 1938.
“Kurt”:
Smelyj: Plucky: probationer, unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kurtz,
?: Described as an American Army general in Germany, 1948.
Kurtz,
A.T.: FBI agent, 1942.
Kusevitsky,
Sergey: Conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra.
Kutrzeba,
Professor, Polish exile figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kuybyshev:
City in Siberia, USSR.
Kuyumzhitsky,
Angelo: Bulgarian OSS contact in Turkey.
Described as a leader of “Link”, which was described as a OSS-connected
clandestine group in Bulgaria.
Kuzbas:
Soviet industrial colony in Siberia in the 1920s staffed by radical Americans
and other foreign volunteers.
Kuziv (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kuzlyakin,
Petr Fedorovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kuznetsov,
F.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center, 1948.
Kuznetsov
[not seaman deserter] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Kuznetsov,
Soviet seaman deserter, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Kuznetsova,
Elizaveta Mitrofanova (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Kvant”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Quantum”.
“Kvant”
/ “Quantum”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kvashnin,
Ivan (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Kvasnikov,
Leonid Romanovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Engineer at Amtorg.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Anton”.
Kvasnikov,
Leonid Romanovich: “Anton” [source Feklisov]
Kvasnikov,
Leonid Romanovich, engineer with Amtorg: “Anton” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kvazhishevskiy
[Michal Kwapiszewski] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Kvid”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Quid”.Lamont, Robert P.: Secretary
of Commerce, 1929-1932.
Kwapinski,
Jan: Polish socialist, in Sikorsky cabinet,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kwapiszewski,
Michal (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Kyzychi:
chairman of the Slav Congress (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
XXL
“L”
/ “Beer”: unidentified KGB U.S. line [source Venona]
“L”.:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
L.
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Initial of an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in Mexico in 1950.
L.,
Henri (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
L.:
Initials of someone described as a close friend of New York Governor-elect
Herbert Lehman in December 1932.
“L-3”:
(L3) unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
La
Follette (LaGuardia), Robert: Progressive leader of the early 20th century.
U.S. senator from Wisconsin on Republican and Progressive tickets. Progressive Party candidate for president in
1924.
La
Guardia, Fiorello (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Labor
Action: Journal associated with the
American Trotskyist movement.
Labor
Age: Journal edited by Louis Budenz
Labour
Age: Error for Labor Age..
Labour
Party: Error for American Labor Party.
LAC:
Liberated Areas Committee
“Lackey”
/ “Lakej”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lacquer
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Ladoga
(ship)
Ladygin,
Soviet seaman (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Ladyshkin,
Soviet seaman (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Lager'
X” (cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks): See “Camp X”.
“Lager'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Camp”.
“Lagov”:
Pavlov, ?? (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
Laidler,
Harry: Socialist historian.
Laird,
Stephen: “Yun” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Laird,
Stephen: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Time magazine writer, radio
broadcaster, journalist, and filmmaker.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[288] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Yun”.
Lamont,
Corliss: Soviet intelligence agent.
Recruited but not clear if ever used.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Author”.
Lamut
(ship)
Lan,
Irving [source Venona]
“Lana”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, CPUSA member. Described as on the staff of the commercial attaché
of the Yugoslav Embassy, late 1940s.
Lancaster,
William journalist (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Land”
/ “Kraj” (“Kray”): Canada (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Land”
/ “Kray”: see “Territory” “Kray” was translated as “Land” in Venona but as
“Territory” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
Landau:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Landau,
Jacob (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Landes,
Lewis: Chairman of the National Committee for Recognition of Soviet Russia,
1933.
Landf,
German economics minister (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Landon,
Kirk A.: Executive Secretary, National Committee for the Recognition of Soviet
Russia, 1933.
“Landscape”
[Peyzazh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Related to William
Weisband, may be a cover name for the operation of running Weisband.
Landy,
Avram: Senior CPUSA official who supervised party work among ethnic
groups. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley
as assisting Jacob Golos in anti-Trotsky activities.[289]
Lang,
unidentified, possibly in DOS, (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Lange,
Oscar: “Friend” / “Priyatel” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Langer,
William of Research and Analysis branch of OSS [source Venona]
Langmuir,
I., Schenectady (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lanning,
Just: Described as OSS officer in London, 1945.
“Lanov”:
Baltenko, Col, GRU cipher officer, Moscow] [source Venona]
“Lanya”:
possibly Mrs. Joseph Rappoport (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lapid,
Jarry [Jerry?] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Lapins,
Erich: “Anton” / “Pav”: possibly Juan Garcia Reyes or Lapins (“Anton” may be
Mexico City cover name and “Pav” is New York cover name): In 596 NY to Moscow,
1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lar”:
redacted or Isaac Dunaievski in Venezuela ??
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Laredo
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Larichev,
Viktor: Accused in 1930 of being a key figure in the fictitious anti-Bolshevik
Industrial Party.
Larin:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Larry”
[Leri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nikolay Statskevich.
“Laszl”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Lata”:
Chapa, Esther: former wife of Rosendo Gomez Lorenzo (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Latin
American Division, U.S. Department of State.
Latvian
legion
“Laurel”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Laurel”
[Lavr] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer, New York station. References to in 1938 and 1942. “Laurel” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as unidentified KGB officer/agent operating from the Soviet Government
Purchasing Commission in 1942, likely the same person.
Lauterbach,
Richard, an employee of Time, Inc, and concealed CPUSA: “Pa” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Lauterbach,
Richard: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a secret Communist and candidate
for recruitment as a Soviet source/agent: cover name “Pa”.[290] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Pa”.
“Lava”:
Schultz, Marian Miloslavovich (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Lavr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Laurel”. Lavr in Russian is the diminutive for the name Lavrenty. However, it was translated in the Venona
decryptions as Laurel and to reduce confusion, that practice is adopted here.
“Lavr”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lavrentev,
Petr Vasilevich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Lavrentyev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Lawrence,
Ernest: American experimental physicist and leading figure on Manhattan
project.
Lawrence,
Ernest (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lawyer”
[Lojer]: Harry Dexter White (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lawyer”
[Loyer] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Harry Dexter White in
August 1944.[291]
Lazarus,
Abe: Described as a student Communist at Oxford in the mid-1930s.
“Lazutchiki”
(KGB file title in the Vassiliev notebooks): See “Spies”. (Alternate
translation: Scouts) “Lazutchiki” is
not much used in modern Russian, with “shpiony” the preferred term for spies.
“Le”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified agency in which Josef
Peters worked in Moscow in the 1930s.
Le
Baron, William (LeBaron): Hollywood producer.
“Leaf”:
Donald Maclean [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Leaf”:
Donald Maclean [source Sudoplatov]
“Leaf”:
unidentifed source London KGB [West Venona]
“Leaf”:
see List.
“League”:
U.S. government (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“League”
[Liga] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): U.S. government. “League”
was identified in the Venona decryptions as the U.S. government.
League
of Struggle Against Communism: Likely a reference to the Committee to Combat
Communism.
League
of Women Shoppers: 1930s activist organization close to the CPUSA.
Leahy,
William, Admiral
Leahy,
William: U.S. Navy Admiral and chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Lebedeff
[Lebedev], Sgt. Andrew M. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Lebedenko,
Professor (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Lebedev,
Aleksandr A. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Lebedev,
Major Boris Ivanovich, first secretary Soviet Military Attache, DC [source
Venona]
Lebedinsky,
?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent know to Jacob Golos and later arrested in
Stalin’s purge of his security services.
Leclercq
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Ledi,
? (possibly Ladi, Laddy): Roman Catholic priest.
“Lee”
/ “Li” / “Klemens” / “Clemence”: unidentified, redacted possibly Johanna Becker
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lee,
Duncan C.: “Koch” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lee,
Duncan Chaplin: Soviet intelligence source/agent. In 1945 Bentley told the FBI that Lee was a source for her
CPUSA/KGB network.[292] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Koch”. Party name and pseudonym used
by Elizabeth Bentley: Pat.
“Lee”
[Li] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, September 1944, earlier “Clemence”. Johanna Beker is a candidate for
“Clemence”/“Lee”. “Lee” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an Soviet intelligence source/agent, identify redacted,
earlier “Clemence”.[293]
Leeds,
?: Described as the pseudonym of ? Levy.
Leeds
Company: Described as distributor of sheet music in the United States.
“Leg”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Legal
(KGB tradecraft term): KGB activities operating from Soviet diplomatic offices
by officers who were openly Soviet officials and had protected diplomatic
status.
“Legat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Legate”.
“Legate”
[Legat] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Lord Edward Halifax.
Lehman,
Herbert: American government administrator and politician, later governor of
New York and U.S. Senator (D. NY). Head
of UNRRA. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Orderly”.
Lehman’s
Committee: See UNRRA.
Lehrs,
?: Described as a figure in the Russian-American Chamber of Commerce,
1924. Father of John Lehrs.
Lehrs,
John: American vice-counsul Latvia, official in American Relief Administration
in Russia.
Leica:
KGB’s preferred camera for photographing documents.
Leichter,
Otto (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Leitner,
Rudolph: Described as a German in the U.S. with some connection to the Nazi
regime.
Lemaigre-Dubreuil,
Maurice (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lemoing,
Edmund (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Len,
Ivan (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Lena
Goldfields: Gold mining district in Siberia near the Lena river.
Lencsyski,
Machla: Name on the fraudulent American passport of the wife of Comintern agent
Harry Berger when arrested in Brazil.
Lend
Lease: “Decree” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lend
Lease: U.S. program of supplying WWII allies with industrial and war material.
Cover name in Vassiliev notebooks “Decree”.
Lenin,
Vladimir: Dominate figure in the Bolshevik movement.
Leningrad
Institute of Physics and Technology.
“Lens”
/ “Linza”: Michael Sidorovich [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Lens”
/ “Linza”: Mikhajl Sidorovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lens”
[Linza] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence agent
running a safe house in the interior of the U.S. Likely Michael Sidorovich.
“Lens” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Michael Sidorovich
who ran a safe house in Cleveland, Ohio.[294]
Lenson,
Marianne, née Mary Ann Diehl: Grohol, Mary: “Gringo” [KGB U.S. and Mexico City
line] [source Venona]
“Leo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ludwig Lore. Lore is not directly named in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks,
but all of the particulars of “Leo” (his journalistic work and the trajectory
of his journalistic commentary on Soviet matters in the 1930s) fit Lore. In addition, Whittaker Chambers described
his own contacts with Lore and comments of Soviet intelligence officers about
Lore that fit with the description of “Leo” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. Further, Julius Kobyakov, retired senior KGB
officer, identified “Leo” as Lore in 2004.[295]
“Leon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Error for Leona.
“Leona”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, late 1930s, via “Jung” (Iskhak Akhmerov). Deactivated when Akhmerov recalled in
1939. “Leona” appears in a single 1944
Venona cable and was described an an
unidentified female asset of the New York KGB, attempting to get a job with the
Office of War Information and with a husband who appeared to have been an
employee of a large New York radio station who was aware of his wife’s
connection with Soviet intelligence.[296] It is uncertain that Venona’s 1944 “Leona”
was the same person as “Leona” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
“Leona”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Leonard”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alger Hiss, 1948-1950.
“Leonid”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, New
York, early 1940s. First name
Aleksey. Likely Aleksey N.
Prokhorov. “Leonid” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Aleksey N. Prokhorov.
“Leonid”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent,
1935. Unclear if “Leonid” of 1935 is
“Leonid”/Prokkhorov of the early 1940s.
“Leonid”:
Prokhorov, Aleksej [Aleksey] Nikolaevich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Leonidov,
?: Described as someone Boris Morros met in Moscow.
Leonov,
Mikhail Grigorievich: Described as director of Vienna Film Studio.
“Leopard”
[Bars] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent.
Journalist. References to
“Leopard” operating overseas in 1942. (Alternative translation: Snow Leopard).
Lepin,
?: KGB agent slated for infiltration into Germany via the battle front, late
1941.
Lequerica,
Jose Felix (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Leri”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Larry”.
“Lermontov”:
Ivanov, Vasily Vasilievich,: engineer, under Purchasing Commission cover,
1942-1946 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lerner,
editor of P.M. [source Venona]
Lerner,
L [Adolf Larner or Adolf Lerner] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Leschinsky,
Solomon: See Lischinsky, Solomon.
Common misspelling of the name found in government records and in
historical literature.
Leshing,
Michael S. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Lesley”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lesley:
See “Leslie”.
“Lesli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Leslie”. (Alternative translation: Lesley)
“Lesli”
[Leslie Lesley]: Cohen, Lona [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
“Leslie”
[Lesli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lona Cohen. “Leslie” as “Lesley” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as unidentified but in a context that would be compatible with Lona
Cohen.[297] “Leslie” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Lona Cohen.
“Leslie”
(“Lesli”): Cohen, Lona [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Lesovia”
/ “Forest”: Canada (GRU line) [source Venona]
Lesser,
Alexander: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Lets:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Lette
Guimares, Jayme; (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Leubringer,
George: Described as State Department advisor to Isador Lubin.
Leuscher,
in Germany, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Lev”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lion”.
“Lev”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lev
?: Described as business associate of Boris Morros
Levanas,
Leo: “Alma” (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Levedev,
??: “Arkangel”: KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Levenson,
L. of Electro-Physical Lab (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lever”
[Rychag] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Benjamin Smilg.
Leverett,
Miles: Engineer involved in designing early atomic reactors as part of the
Manhattan atomic project.
“Levi”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Levin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1950-1951.
“Levin”:
Piterskij [Pitersky], Capt. Nilkolaj Alekseevich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Levine,
Benjamin: Described as providing information on Walter Krivitsky via an Amtorg
lawyer in 1940.
Levine,
Isaac Don: Anti-Communist journalist.
Levis
or Leavis: unidentified, Christian name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Levitskij,
Andrej [Levitsky, Andrey] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Levy,
?: Described as someone having the rights to state the opera “War and Peace” in
the U.S. Pseudonym “Leeds, ?”
Levy,
Edward: Described as U.S. deputy attorney general on anti-trust activities,
1945
Lewis,
James H.: U.S. Senator, 1931-1939 (D. IL).
Lewis,
John L.: President of the United Mine Workers and the Congress of Industrial
Organizations in the 1930s.
“Lewis”
or “Louis” or “Luis”: unidentified, male. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lewitt:
probably Morris Lewitt
“Leytenant”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lieutenant”.
Lezin,
Ben Bernardovich [Russian by birth, chief electrician at Puget Sound Naval
Shipyard, Bremerton] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Lgov”:
Malygin (KGB Line, San Francisco)
[source Venona]
“Li”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lee”.
“Li”
/ “Lee” / “Klemens” / “Clemens”: unidentified, redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Libau,
Morris, offered information on Eastern front, 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Libby,
Willard Frank: Physical chemist in the Manhattan Project at Columbia
University, working on gaseous diffusion separation and enrichment of the
Uranium-235.
“Liberal”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Frank Palmer, mid-1930s to 1942.
“Liberal”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Julius Rosenberg (September
1944-1950). “Liberal” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Rosenberg.
“Liberal”:
Rosenberg Julius (KGB U.S. line)
[source Feklisov ]
“Liberal”:
Rosenberg Julius (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Liberated
Areas Committee: US. Department of State committee.
Lichtensztul,
Joseph (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lid”
[Kryshka] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Likely George Samuel
Wuchinich. “Lid” is described as linked
to Perlo’s group, of Serbian origin and
working in OSS’s Balkan department.
Wuchinich was of Serbian background and served with OSS on Balkan operations. Wuchinich is identified in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks as linked to the Perlo group.
“Lida”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent. References to in 1937.
“Lida”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Mrs. Byron T. Darling in 1944.
Lieber,
Maxim: Soviet intelligence agent.
Immigrant from Poland, naturalized U.S. citizen. Lieber, a literary agent, was a Communist
and undertook a variety of tasks for the CPUSA underground and Soviet
intelligence in the 1930s, including assisting Whittaker Chambers’ GRU-linked
apparatus. Chambers’ stated that Lieber
had the cover name “Paul” in the underground.[298] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Paul”, “Pol”.
Liebling,
Estelle: Described as voice teacher.
“Lieutenant”
[Leytenant] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Frederick Vinson.
Life
Magazine
“Liga”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “League”.
“Light”
/ “Svet”: Raev, Aleksandr Andreevich
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Light”
[Svet] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Likely Aleksandr Andreevich Raev. (Raev may the the diplomatic pseudonym
of Alexander Rogov.) “Light” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as KGB officer Aleksandr Andreevich Raev.[299]
Likus,
Nazi Ministry of Foreign Affairs or Ribbentrop’s Bureau (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lily”:
Olkhine, Eugenie [redacted in 239 1945] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lina”:
Zoya Semonova Myakotina, clerk at consulate, NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Linchpin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lever”.
Lincolnians:
American veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Battalion and other Americans who
served the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War.
Lindbergh,
Charles: Well know American pilot/hero and spokesman for
anti-intervenionism/isolationism.
Lindbergh
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lindley,
Ernest: Journalist, correspondent for the Washington Post.
Lindorf,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Lindsay,
John: Mayor of New York City, 1966-1973.
Lindsey
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Line
A (KGB tradecraft term): Work on KGB line A involved disinformation and
deceptive “active measures” operations.
“Link”:
Weisband, William [West Venona]
“Link”:
Zveno: unidentified name, possibly Weisband (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Link”
[Zveno] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Described as an OSS
connected clandestine group in Bulgaria headed by Kiss and Angelo Kuyumzhitsky.
“Link”
[Zveno] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1930s and early 1940s.
Likely William Weisband. “Link”
was described as having worked for KGB on the West Coast and as liaison with
aviation technology source “Needle” (Jones York). In 1950 York identied Weisband as a Soviet liaison in contact
with him in California in the early 1940s. “Link” was described as serving
North Africa, Italy, Britain, and France after entering American Army. Weisband’s work as a translator for the Army
Signal Corps took him to North Africa, Italy, Britain, and France. “Link” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
unidentified but in a context suggesting William Weisband as a strong candidate
for “Link”.[300]
Linley,
Ernest of Newsweek [source Venona]
Linschitz,
Henry: Target of recruitment. Physical
chemist who worked at the Manhattan atomic project Los Alamos. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Derby”.
“Linza”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lens”.
“Linza”:
Lens: Michael Sidorovich [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Linza”:
Lens: Mikhajl Sidorovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lion”:
Sergej [Sergey] N. Kudryavtsev (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lion”
[Lev] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Holland Roberts in March and
September 1944. Note overlap of this
cover name with Floyd Miller/“Hell” who became “Lion” in August 1944.
“Lion”
[Lev] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Floyd C. Miller. Miller, who earlier had the cover name
“Hell”, was shifted to “Lion” in August 1944.
Note overlap with “Lion”/Roberts.
Lipatsk
[unidentified town] (GRU line) [source Venona]
Lipkina:
Family name of Charles Kramer’s mother.
Lippmann,
Walter: “Imperialist” / “Shmel” / “Bumblebee” / “Katz” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lippmann,
Walter: Journalist and commentator.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Imperialist”, 1941-1944, and “Bumblebee”in late 1944 and 1945.
Lipski,
Josef; (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Lira”
/ “Lyra”: Strong, Anna Louise (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Lischinsky,
Solomon: Soviet intelligence source.
(Also known as Solomon Leschinsky) Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as
part of the Perlo espionage group but one who in her contact with the group
never provided any information.[301] Born in 1908 in Canada, doctorate from the
University of Toronto in mathematics. Worked as a statistician and economist
for the U.S. State Department, the House Select Committee Investigating
National Defense Migration (Tolan Committee) and for the United Nations Relief
and Rehabilitation Administration.
Lisitsyn:
Possibly the pen name of S. A. Vasilyev.
“List”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Liszt”. In Russian “List” is translated “Leaf” in the sense of the leaf
or page of a book. However, Alexander
Vassiliev, along with Nigel West, Oleg Tsarev and Vladimir Chikov, maintain
“List” in in the case of John Cairncrost was phonetic Russian Cyrillic for the
Hungarian pianist and composer Franz Liszt.[302]
Lister
Forja, Enrique Rodriguez (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Liszt”
[List] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): John Cairncross in the
U.K., 1941.
“Liszt”
[List] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence contact, 1948, cultivated by Julius Rosenberg. (Alternative
translation: “Leaf”.)
“Literator”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Writer”.
Litke
(ship) [source Venona]
Litvinenko,
Mikhail (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Litvinov,
Maksim, Soviet Ambassador: “Ded” / “Grandfather” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Litvinov,
Maxim: Senior Soviet diplomat.
Liveit-Levit,
?: KGB officer, 1930s. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ten”.
Livell,
John: Described as attaché for oil at the US embassy, Cairo.
“Liza”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Martha Dodd Stern (1936-1950s). “Liza” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Martha Dodd Stern.[303] “Liza” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Martha Dodd Stern.
“Liza”:
Martha Dodd Stern (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Liza”:
Martha Dodd Stern [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
“Liza”:
Samojlova, Marfa Pavlovna (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Liza”:
unidentified secretary of Pozner, Vladimir Aleksandrovich, U.S. War Department
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lloyd”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent linked to Silvermaster, 1946.
Likely an error of Ludwig Ullmann, once referred to as Lloyd Ullmann in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
“Loach”
[V'yun] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1938. (Loach
is type of fish found in Europe, Asia, and North Africa.)
“Lobus”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alfred Marshak.
“Location-Y”:
Los Alamos [source Feklisov Rosenbergs] (see Camp-Y)
Locke,
Emanuel Soviet intelligence agent. In
1954 confessed to having been the courier between Jones York and the KGB.[304] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Eduard”.
Lockheed
aircraft.
Lodge,
John: Republican governor of Connecticut, 1951-1955.
“Lodochnik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Boatman”.
Loeb,
Aaron: Amtorg employee. Husband of
Sylvia Loeb.
Loeb,
Leonard Benedict physicist Berkeley (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Loeb,
Sylvia: Amtorg employee with a brother described as a regional organizer of the
NY Trotskyists.
“Loesh”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Logan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
contact, candidate for recruitment.
Linked to Charles Kramer and Bella Joseph, 1945.
“Lojer”:
Lawyer: Harry Dexter White (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lok”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sylvia Koral.
Lok
Baton (ship)
“Lom”
/ “Crow Bar”: unidentified, possibly garble (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lomakin,
Yakov Mironovich: Soviet diplomat.
Lomakin,
Yakov Mironovich: “Rusakov” (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
Lombard,
?: French military attaché in Washington.
London,
U.K.: Sidon (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
London,
U.K.: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sidon”.
London,
Joan: Jack London's daughter.
Long,
Boaz: U.S. Ambassador to Ecuador, 1942.
Long,
Breckinridge: U.S. Assistant Secretary of State, 1924-1944
“Long”
[Dlinny] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Norman Hait prior to
October 1944. “Long” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent but in a context that would fit Norman
Hait. “Long” in the Venona decryptions
was later changed to “Davis”.[305]
“Long”
[Dlinnyj]: Davis [Devis]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Long,
Leo: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
British, recruited by Anthony Blunt while at Cambridge.
“Loper”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Appears to be a spelling garble for “Loyer”.
“Lopez”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Lord”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1938.
“Lord
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Lord,
?: Described as American general and associate of Generals Eisenhower and
Bedell Smith.
Lord,
Royal B.: American Army general.
Lore,
Ludwig: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[306] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “10”,
“Leo”. His given name “Ludwig” was also
used as a cover name.
Lorimer,
Frank W. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Los
Angeles Evening Herald and Express.
Los
Angeles Times
“Loser”
[Neudachnik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Kerensky.
Losovskij
[Losovsky] (ship) [source Venona]
“Lot”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Plumb”.
“Lot
Department”: unidentified institution (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lothian,
Lord: See Philip Kerr.
“Lotos”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lotus”.
“Lotsman”
/ “Channel-pilot”: Henry Wallace (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lotus”
[Lotos] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent. References
to in 1933.
“Lou”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Described as someone connected to State
Department. References to in 1946.
Marion Davis (married name Marion Davis Berdecio) is a likely candidate
for “Lou”. “Lou” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Soviet intelligence source/agent Marion Davis in 1944 and
1945. Davis in 1944 worked on the staff of the Office of Naval Intelligence at
the U.S. Embassy in Mexico and later for the Office of Inter-American Affairs
in Washington.[307] The Office of Inter-American Affairs was
absorbed into the State Department in 1946.
“Lou”:
Davis, Marion (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Loud,
Gordon, in OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Louis”
/ “Lui”: Stern, Alfred K. [also see Louis and Lewis] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Louis”
[Lui] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alfred Stern. “Louis” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Stern.[308]
“Louisa”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Lovanov,
Aleksandr Fedorovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Loverett,
?: Described an an American scientist involved in high energy atomic machine
design. (Spelling unconfirmed, alternative translation: Laverette).
“Lovets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Catcher”.
Lovett,
Robert A.: Special Assistant to Secretary of War, 1940-41; Assistant Secretary
of War for Air, 1941-45; Under Secretary of State, 1947-49; Deputy Secretary of
Defense, 1950-51; and Secretary of Defense, 1951-53.
Lovett,
Robert Morss: Prominent left-liberal and civil libertarian in the 1920s. In the early 1940s an Interior Department
official investigated by the Kerr Commission.
“Lovkach”
/ “Dodger”: unidentified name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Lowman,
Lodge V.: Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, early 1930s.
Lowry,
Helen: “Elza” [source Damaskin Harris]
Lowry,
Helen: “Madlen” / “Ada” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Lowry,
Helen: Soviet intelligence agent. Also
known as Akhmerova, wife of Iskhak Akhmerov.
Kansas-born American and the niece of CPUSA chief Earl Browder. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of
her KGB contacts under the pseudonym Catherine. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Madeline” in 1937-39, “Nelly” (late 1939?/1940-August
1944), “Stella” (August 1944 to mid-1945), “Emma” (proposed change by New York
station in September 1944, but this does not appear to have been implemented),
and “Elsa” (mid-1945).[309]
Lowry,
Helen: “Elsa” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Loyer”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lawyer”.
Lozovsky,
Solomon: Former head of the Profintern, and in 1946 head of the Soviet
Information Bureau (a subsection of the Foreign Policy Department of the CPSU)
and a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Executed in 1952 as part of Stalin’s purge of Jews.
Lubell,
Samuel, assistant to Baruch (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Lubin,
Isador, Special statistical Assistant to the White House 1941-1945, U.S.
representative, later Associate Representative on Allied Reparations
Commission. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lublin
Poles (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lucas,
Scott: U.S. Senator (D. Illinois).
Luce,
Henry.: Publisher of Time magazine.
“Luch”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Beam”.
“Luchador
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Luchezarov”:
unidentified, Probationer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lucia:
real first name of sister-in-law of “Mar” cover name “Olivia” [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
“Lucy”:
Rosessler, Rudolf, U.K. line [West Venona]
“Lucy”
[Lyusya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Olga Borisovna Pravdina.
“Ludwig”
[Lyudvig] (given name used as a cover name in Vassiliev notebooks):
Ludwig Lore.
Luga
(ship)
“Lui”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Louis”.
“Lui”:
Louis: Stern, Alfred K. [also see Louis and Lewis] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lui”:
unidentified [not Stern] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Luis”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Luis
Sancha, brother of Jose Sancha Padros: “Inis” (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Luiza”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Error in the original for “Liza”.
“Luka”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Pavel Panteleimovich Pastelnyak who used
the pseudonym Pavel P. Klarin in the U.S.
“Luka” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Pavel P. Klarin.
“Luka”:
Luke: Pavel P. Klarin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Luka”:
Pavel Pastelniak [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Luka”:
Pavel Klarin (Pastelnyak) [source
Feklisov]
Lukianov,
Sergej [Sergey] Grigorevich [Lukyanov]: “Akim” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lukomsky,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent, anti-White tasks. Described as working as secretary of
Chernikov of the BRP. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “S-8”.
“Lun”
/ “Hen-Harrier” (or “Ring Tail”): unidentified name in 1943, in 1944 became
cover name for Cordell Hull (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Lunacharskij
[Lunacharsky] (ship)
“Lund”:
unidentified illegal in U.S., German nationality (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Lurie,
Louis: Described as Republican Party treasurer.
Lus,
Clare [possibly Clare Luce] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Luxi”
[Lyuksi] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in France in the 1930s.
Lyakhovka,
Nikilaj Fedorovich: “Shatunov” (on ship
Soviet)
“Lydia”:
Altshuler, Lydia (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Lynch”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Lyonman”:
unidentifed GRU source London, U.K. line [West Venona]
Lyons,
?: Described as New York Police official involved in antiradical activities.
Lyons,
Eugene: UPI Moscow correspondent and anti-Communist writer.
“Lyons”
[“Lion”]: Kudryavtsev, Sergej [Sergey] N., First Secreary of Soviet embassy]
(GRU line) [source Venona]
Lyons:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lyra”
/ “Lira”: Strong, Anna Louise (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Lysaya
Gora” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bald Mountain”.
“Lyuba”:
not identified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lyubon”:
a Soviet in Purchasing commission. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Lyubshin
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Lyudmila”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Varvara Hammer.
“Lyudvig”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ludwig”.
“Lyuksi”
(cover namein Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Luxi”.
Lyushkov,
Genrich Samuelovich: Senior KGB officer who defected to the Japanese in 1938.
“Lyuskin”:
unidentified probationer a Soviet in Purchasing commission. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Lyusya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lucy”.
“Lyusya
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Lyusya”:
Tronova, Olimpiada Grigorevna, probationer [Soviet intelligence agent], Soviet
KGB student in U.S. 1942. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Lyzhniki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Skiers”.
XXM
“M”
(Cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB used single letters to indicate
special activities such as eaves-dropping, listening devices, reading private
letters, and so on. In this case, “M”
appears to be a reference to suspected listening devices installed in the
Soviet embassy by the FBI.[310]
M.
Gorkij [Gorky] (ship) [source Venona]
M.
Kutozov (ship) [source Venona]
M
[“M” MM] ”: surveillance (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
M.
[MM]: unidentified, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Maas,
Melvin: U.S. Representative, 1935-1945 (R. MN)
Mabel:
unidentified , (NGRU line) [source Venona]
MacArthur,
Douglas: U.S. Army general, Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in the Southwest
Pacific Area.
MacDaniels,
Commander (NGRU line) [source Venona]
MacGuire,
U.S. Army officers of “The Twelve Apostles” [source Venona]
“Machado”:
Fernandez de Castro, Jose Antonio] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Machnikowski:
See Makhnikovsky, T. Ya.
Machray,
Robert: British writer on foreign policy.
MacIntyre,
Marvin: President Roosevelt’s White House executive secretary, 1937-1943.
Mack,
Gerstel, Treasury (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Mack
(party name): Maurice Halperin’s party name.
Mackay,
Clarence Hungerford: American cable and telegraph businessman.
Mackey,
William (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Maclean,
Donald: “Leaf” [source Sudoplatov]
Maclean,
Donald: “Leaf” [source Schecter Sacred
Secrets]
Maclean,
Donald: First in the mid-1930s“Waise” (German for Orphan) or “Sirota” in
Russian, changed to “Lirik” or “Lyric Poet”, changed to “Stuart” 1938 [source
Damaskin Harris]
Maclean,
Donald D.: “Homer”: Gomer (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Maclean,
Donald: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Recruited at Cambridge University, one of the “Cambridge 5”. Joined the British foreign office and served
as a senior British diplomat at the U.K. embassy in Washington in the
mid-1940s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Waise” (in the U.K. in the 1930s), “Homer” (in the U.S.,
1944-1945).
Maclean,
Melinda: Soviet intelligence contact.
American-born wife of Donald Maclean.
Worked as courier between her husband and KGB.
MacLean,
Peter: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
(Spelling unconfirmed: alternative translations: Maclean, McLean) A 1948 Gorsky memo Chambers/Karl’s group
name.[311] Chambers did not discuss a Peter MacLean in Witness. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “101st”.
MacLeish,
Archibald: Poet, New Deal activist, and Assistant Secretary of State, 1945.
MacMorris,
Rear-Admiral (NGRU line) [source Venona]
MacSherry,
?: Described as a U.S. Army general, official in the U.S. occupation government
of Germany.
“Mad”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Gold, 1950.
“Madchen”
[Medkhen] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Guy Burgess. (German,
Mädchen, for Girl) “Madchen” was identified
in Andrew and Mitrokhin as Guy Burgess.
“Mädchen”:
Anthony Burgess [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Madeleine:
See “Madeline”.
“Madeline”
[Madlen] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Lowry in 1937-39.
Madison,
Louis E.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
“Madlen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Madeline”.
“Madlen”:
Lowry, Helen [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Magazin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Store”.
“Magda”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Magdoff,
Harry Samuel: “Kant” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Magdoff,
Harry: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of the Perlo espionage
group. KGB sent Comintern a vetting
inquiry about him in 1944. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kant” prior to 29 December 1944, then “Tan”.[312] Party name: Hank.
Magidov
(Magidoff), Robert: American correspondent in Moscow, Russian born American
citizen.1944 [source Venona]
Magidova,
Nila,: wife of Robert Magidov, 1944 [source
Venona]
Magidson,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Magil,
A. B.: Senior CPUSA official, ideologist.
“Magnat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Magnate”.
“Magnate”
[Magnat] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, technology: armor, armored vests, bugging equipment in 1930s,
targeted for revival in 1943.
Magnikovsky,
?: Amtorg official mentioned by Vasily Delgass in 1931.
Magnuson,
Warren: U.S. Senator (D. Washington).
“Mai”:
Stepan Apresyan [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Maisky:
See Maysky.
Maissurov,
Donald K”.: Lt. ...rov, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Maj”
/ “May”: Stepan Zakharovich Apresyan, [early FBI/NSA footnotes give “May” as
Pavel Fedosimov but this was later corrected]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Majkop
(ship) [source Venona]
“Major
Key” “Mazhor”: Misluk, Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mak”:
Makarov, Sergej [Sergey] Vasilevich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mak”:
unidentified cover name, probably Makarov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mak”:
Zborowski, Mark [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Makar”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mikhail Sumskoi, KGB officer/agent.
References to in 1945.
Makarov,
Sergej [Sergey] Vasilevich: “Mak” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Make,
I.R.: Described as an official of the Department of the Interior. Suspected of being a fake name in a
fraudulent document.
Makhajlov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Makhnev,
Vasily: Senior deputy to Lavrenty Beria.
Makhnikovsky, T. Ya.: Amtorg aviation specialist, defector
1927. Variant spelling: Machnikowski.
Makhov,
?: Described as a White émigré working at Douglas Aircraft.
“Makied”
(real name or possible cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1948.
Makogon (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Makov”:
William Pinsly (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Maks”:
Grigulevich, Iosif R.: [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Maks”:
Iosef Romvoldovich Grigulevich after WWII [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Maks”
/ “Max”: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Maksim”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Maxim”.
“Maksim”:
Vasily Mikhailovich Zubilin [real surname, Zarubin, 1894-1972) Second Secretary
Soviet Embassy in DC, chief of Soviet intelligence in New York from 1942-August
1944, Deputy chief of Foreign Intelligence 1945-1948, then dismissed. [source
Venona]
“Maksim”:
Vasily Zarubin aka Zubilin [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Maksim (Maxim) =
Vasily Zubilin (Zarubin) ] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Maksim
Gorky (ship) [source Venona]
Maksimenko,
Captain 1st rank (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Maksimovich,
Lt. Col Vladimir Vasilievich, May 1943 Soviet Assisant Naval attache for air
[Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Maksimovich:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Malaksianov,
Mikhail Nikolaevich: Crewman on the Soviet tanker “Azerbaijan”.
Malamount,
?: Described, inaccurately, as Joan London's husband.
Maleev,
Aleksander, Alekseevich, SGPC June 43-Sept 46 [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Malenkov,
Georgy Maximilianovich: Senior Soviet leader, part of Stalin’s inner-circle.
Mali: See Mally.
Malik,
Yakov A.: Soviet ambassador to the United Nations from 1948 to 1952, and from
1968 to 1972.
Malisoff,
William M., born in Russia, 1895, naturalized, PhD. Columbia, expelled for
faking lab work, 1943-45, owner and manager of United Laboratories, Died 1947.:
“Talent” / “Talant” also “Genri” / “Henry”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Malisoff,
William Marias: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent. Cover names in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Talent” prior to October 1944, then “Henry”.[313]
Malisov,
William Marias see Malisoff
Malkov,
Commercial attache (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Mally,
Theodore: Soviet intelligence officer.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Man”.
“Malody”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Youthful”.
Malov,
? (real name, possibly a cover name): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, Costa
Rico, 1976.
Malsksin,
Mikhail (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Malvin:
unidentified (GRU line) New Tulmudist [source Venona]
“Malyar”
/ “Painter”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Malygin,
Andrej [Andrey] Vasilevich: “Lgov” (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Malyshev,
Mikhail Vladimerovich: “Thornton” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Malyshevich,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Mamayev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Mamlyga,
Vitalij [Vitaly] Semenovich: “Ema” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mamulov,
?: KGB officer, Moscow, 1945.
“Man”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Theodore Mally. (Alternative translation: Mann)
“Man” as “Mann” was identified as Theodore Mally in West and Tsarev.
“Manager”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mandel,
Ben: Bert Miller (party name) [source Chambers Witness]
Mandell,
George (Jeroboam Rothschild), French politician (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Mangan,
?: Described as an American Trotskyist in France.
Mangan
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Mangel,
Joaquin Manuel Gutierrez (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Maniu,
Julius (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mann,
Heinrich: KGB informant on German exiles.
Refugee German novelist.
Mann,
Henry (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mann,
James H.: Described as a Treasury Department representative in London, 1945.
Mann:
See “Man”.
Mann,
Thomas
Mannstein,
German Field Marshal
Manuel,
Fritz: Member of the staff of the Kilgore Committee.
Manuilov
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Manuilsky,
Dmitry: Senior Comintern official and leading Stalinist.
Manych
(ship) [source Venona]
“Map”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Louise Bransten. “Map” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
unidentified but in a context that suggests Louise Bransten.[314]
“Map”:
unidentified female (KGB Line, San Francisco) [Louise Bransten candidate]
[source Venona]
“Mar”:
unidentifed Soviet source in Manhattan project [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Marcantonio,
Vito: U.S. Representative (American Labor Party, NY).
“Marcel”
(cover name/work name in Vassiliev notebooks): GRU agent described as know to
Bentley. Likely Michael Endelman. Elizabeth Bentley in 1945 told the FBI of
her relationship in the mid-1930s with a GRU agent introduced to her as
“Marcel” and who had American identification as Michael Endelman.[315]
Marcus,
Ralph: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Marcuse,
Herbert H. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Marcuse,
Herbert: Target of recruitment. Refugee
German sociologist, naturalized American.
Analyst for OSS.
Margaret:
work name of Olga Pravdin [source Bentley FBI statement]
Margaret
Brent (ship) [source Venona]
“Margarita”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ruth Greenglass, prior to October 1944.
“Margarita”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent on Trotskyists 1941.
“Margarita”:
redacted [born in U.S. in 1933 went to Karelia with family, then worked for
Moscow Daily News, 42-45 for U.S. censorship, then for UNRRA abroad. married in
1947. ] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Margo”:
Nelken Mansberger de Paul, Margarita
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Maria”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Likely Myra Soble, wife of Jack Soble.
Marianov,
?: Russian emigrant, via France, removed from the agent network mid-30s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“A/214”.
“Mario”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Maritime
Labor Board: U.S. government agency.
“Mark”:
unidentifed GRU officer, U.K. line [West Venona]
“Mark”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Markarian,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1940.
“Markiz”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Marquis”.
Markin,
Valentin: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Chief of the illegal residence in the U.S. 1933-1934. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Davis”.
Markin,
Valentine: Known to Chambers as Oskar and
Herman: [source Chambers Witness]
“Markov”:
Vasili Dimitrovich Mironov [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Markov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Markova,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Markovin,
Vladimir Borisovich: Spelling error for Morkovin, Vladimir Borisovich.
“Marquis”
/ “Markiz”: Bernstein, Joseph Milton (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Marquis”
[Markiz] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. References
to in 1948. “Marquis” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Joseph Milton Bernstein, but this was on a GRU
communications channel and likely has no relation to this KGB “Marquis”.
“Mars”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer, 1930s, NY
station. References to in 1937.
“Mars”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent on the continent known to Klaus Fuchs.
“Mars”:
Vasily V. Sukhomlin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Marshak,
Alexander: Error in the original notebooks for Alfred Marshak.
Marshak,
Alfred: Geneticist at University of California, Berkeley. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Lobus”.
Marshall,
George (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Marshall,
George: General, U.S. Army chief of staff, later U.S. Secretary of State.
“Marsky”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence agent reporting on
Victor Hammer in the USSR, 1947.
“Marta”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Hanna Klopstock in U.K., 1946
“Marta”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as recruited by “Echo”/Schuster.
Martens,
?: KGB agent slated for infiltration into Germany via the battle front, late
1941.
Martens,
Ludwig Christian Alexander Karlovitch: Russian Bolshevik and head of the Soviet Russian Information Bureau, the
unofficial embassy of the new Soviet regime in the U.S. in 1919-192o.
“Martha”:
Lecoutre, Alta U.K. line [West Venona]
“Martin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer, Rome, 1950.
Martin
aircraft company.
Martin,
Joseph: Representative, U.S. House (R. MA, 1925-1966). Speaker of the House, 1947-48 and 1953-54.
Martin
Maria: unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Martin”:
unidentified [KGB line] [source Venona]
“Martin”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Martin:
Work name used by Harry Gold with Alfred Slack.
“Martines”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Martinez”.
“Martinez”
[Martines] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent. References to in 1939.
Martins,
M.: wife of the Brazilian ambassador to the USA.
Marty,
André: (San Francisco line KGB) 1943
[source Venona]
Martynenko,
Stepan Filippovich: “Element” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Marx,
?: Described as Berlin representative of Blair & Co., 1927.
Marx,
Louis: Toy manufacturer.
“Mary”:
unidentifed GRU source, U.K. line [West Venona]
Mary
Luckenbach (ship) [source Venona]
Mary
[Meri]: Work name for Elizabeth Bentley in dealings with KGB
agents/officers.
“Mary”
[Meri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Hede Massing but may have
been loosely used also as a joint cover name for Hede and Paul Massing.
“Mary”
[Meri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, in Berlin 1934.
“Mary”
[Meri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified, 1935,
described as a cousin of Rep. Maury Maverick, friend and subsource of Frank
Palmer/“Liberal”.
“Mary”
[Meri] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, illegal under “Nord” 1934, described as providing a
communications receiving point in Paris.
“Mary”
[Meri] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, Great Britain, 1942.
Marzani,
Carl: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Marzani,
Carl: “Nord” in post WWII period [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Marzani,
Carl: Joined the OSS in 1942 and by 1945 had become deputy chief of
presentation branch, which prepared charts, graphs, and other pictorial
displays of OSS information. When the
OSS dissolved, he stayed with a section transferred to the State Department. In 1947 he was convicted of fraud for
concealing Communist membership on various State Department employment
documents. Although he denied guilt at
the time, he later acknowledged Communist loyalties. Identified as a Soviet agent in the 1960s in Andrew and
Mitrokhin. A retired KGB officer, Oleg
Kalugan, identified Marzani as a contact and recipient of KGB funds for his
left-wing publishing house in the 1960s.[316]
Masaryk,
Jan: Hungarian political leader who attempted to cooperate with Communists
after WWII. Died under unclear
circumstances (likely suicide but possibly murder) in 1948.
Masaryk,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Masha”:
Dvoichenko-Markov, Eufrosina (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Mashenka”
(on ship Litke): Osipenko, Kondratij [Kondraty] Filippovich (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Mashiashvili,
Soviet Engineer [source Venona]
Maslov,
S. V.: KGB officer, Moscow, 1966.
Maslov:
unidentified in Moscow (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
Maslovskij
[Maslovsky], A.J. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Mason,
Noah: U.S. Representative (D. IL)
Massig...,
probably Massigli, Rene, chairman of first meeting in Algiers of Advisory
Concil to Allied Congrol Commission for Italy [source Venona]
Massigli,
Rene: French ambassador to London, 1944-1954.
Massigli,
Rene (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Massing,
Hede: Soviet intelligence agent.
Austrian/German Communist, Cominternist, GRU, and KGB agent. Also known as Hedda Gompertz and Hedda
Gumperz. Married to Paul Massing. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[317] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Redhead”, “Mary”. Candidate for the cover names “Rita” or “Valet”
circa-1937.
Massing,
Paul: Soviet intelligence agent. Social
scientist at Columbia University’s Institute of Social Research, veteran of the
Marxist Frankfurt School. Cominternist,
GRU, and KGB agent. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Peter”, Vacek”. “Mary” also may have been used loosely as a
joint cover name for Hede and Paul Massing.
“Master”:
probably Soviet Ambassador in U.S. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Master”:
unidentifed GRU source U.K. line [West Venona]
“Master”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Master
of the Country House”: Khozyajn Dachi: U.S. Ambassador in Moscow. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Master”
or “Master Craftsman” or “Mastercraftsman”: Sheppard, Charles Bradford (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mastercraftsman”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Mastercraftsman”
or “Master Craftsman”: Christiansen, Wilber N.
U.K. line [West Venona]
“Masterov”
(cover name/tradecraft term in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Masters”.
“Masters”
[Masterov] (cover name/tradecraft term in Vassiliev’s notebooks) term
for KGB sources and agents (but not for KGB professional officer) in 1948
(earlier “Probationers”).
“Mastiff”
[Dog] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1944.
“Matchmaker”
[Svat] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Chairman of Amtorg. “Matchmaker” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as the chairman of Amtorg.
“Matchmaker”:
Svat: Gusev, Makhail director of Amtrog (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mateo
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Material
password (tradecraft term): A recognition signal, an object of some sort, known
to the source and kept at Moscow Center or at a KGB station. Should the need arise for a KGB
officer/agent unknown to the source need to approach him, then the signature
object could be carried by the officer/agent and used to establish his bone
fides. A well know signature of this
sort was the torn Jell-O box panel used by KGB courier Harry Gold to establish
his bone fides with David Greenglass when meeting him for the first time. Alternately, the material recognition signal
might be to wear a tie of a certain color or carry a certain ordinary object in
a specified hand. Also sometimes
referred to as a “signature”.
“Matros”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sailor”.
“Matros”:
Sailor: Truman, Harry (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Matros”:
Sailor, unidentifed cover name in 1942 [too early for Truman??] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Matthew
Deady (ship) [source Venona]
“Matthews”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Matthews,
J.B.: Former Socialist and ardent fellow traveler who became an ardent
anti-Communist and investigator for the U.S. House Special Committee on
Un-American Activities (Dies committee).
Mature:
See “Solidny”.
“Matus”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent in France used to
compromise Louis Dolivet.
“Matus”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Matveen,
V.V. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Matvej”:
or “Matvey” Schwartz, Milton (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Mauli”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Maurice”:
or Moris or Morris unidentified (GRU line) [probably an GRU Talmudist] [source
Venona]
Maverick,
Maury: U.S. Representative (D. Texas, 1935-1939).
“Max”:
Maks: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Max”:
unidentifed source, New York traffic [West Venona]
“Maxim”:
also Cooper: Vasily Mikhailovich Zarubin / Zubilin [source Feklisov]
“Maxim
“ (Maksim): Maksim Zubilin (Zarubin)
[source Venona]
“Maxim”
[Maksim] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Vasily Mikhailovich
Zarubin, early 1940s. “Maxim” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Vasily Zubilin, the pseudonym Zarubin
used in the U.S.
“Maxwell”:
Fahy, Jack Bradley, employee of U.S. Dept of Interior, entered Army April 1943
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
“May”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer. Likely Stepan Apresyan. “May” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as KGB officer Stepan Apresyan.
“May”:
Maj: Stepan Apresyan, [early FBI/NSA footnotes occcasionally gives Pavel
Fedosimov but this was corrected later] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
May,
Allan Nunn: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Part of the British contingent sent to assist the American atomic bomb
project, he worked chiefly in Canada but visited several American facilities as
well. His role as a Soviet spy was
revealed when Igor Gouzenko defected in 1945 and identified several Soviet
espionage sources. May confessed and
was tried in 1946, pleading guilty to a charge of violating Britain's Official
Secrets Act.[318]
Mayakoskij
[Mayakosky] (ship) [source Venona]
Maybank,
Burnet: U.S. senator (D. SC).
Mayer,
Ferdinand L. OSS-war crimes
investigation (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mayer,
Hans: Cousin of source “A/214” and described as nephew of Albert Einstein.
Mayer,
Rene (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mayer,
René: Prominent French political figure, post-WWII.
Mayers.Ya.
Z.: Senior Soviet official, 1924.
May-Johnson
bill: 1945 U.S. House of Representatives legislation, supported by the Truman
administration, setting up a government commission to control nuclear research
and development.
“Mayo”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Mayor”
/ “Mer”: Akhmerov, Iskhak (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mayor”
/ “Mer”: Unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mayor:
see “Mer”.
Maysky,
Ivan: Senior Soviet diplomat.
“Mazhor”
/ “Major Key”: Misluk, Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mazurkiewicz,
Ladislaw (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
McAdoo,
William G.: Secretary of the Treasury, 1913-1918, U.S. Senator, 1933-1938 (D.
CA).
McAdoo,
William G. Jr.: Partner in his father’s law firm.
McAllister,
?: Described as a U.S. Army colonel and aide to John Reynolds.
McCann,
Frazier: Contact of Alfred Stern in 1942.
McCarthy,
Joseph: U.S. Senator (R. WI)
McClintock,
Chargé in Finland (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
McClure
Newspaper syndicate.
McCormack,
Alfred: OSS officer who became the chief of the Interim Research and
Intelligence Service (IRIS) after OSS’s dissolution.
McCormack,
John: U.S. Representative (D. 1027-1970)
McCormick
press
McCullen,
??: Described as a New York City utility official.
McCurdy,
?: Described as supervisor at the “Badger” firm in the USSR.
McDermott,
Michael: Described as New York Police official involved in antiradical
activities.
McDermott,
Michael J. (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
McDowell,
Robert F.: OSS officer in Yugoslavia, 1944.
McFarlane,
?: Described as an American OSS officer.
McGrath,
Howard: U.S. Senator (D. RI, 1947-1949), Attorney General, 1949-1952.
McGregor,
Robert M.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
McGuire,
Matthew F.: Assistant Attorney General, 1941.
McIntyre,
James Francis: Archbishop and later Roman Catholic Cardinal in the United
States.
McKellar,
Kenneth: U.S. Senator (D. TN, 1917-1952).
McLaurin,
Robert: Husband of Kathleen Spellman.
McLin,
?: Described as a junior British officer who urged support of Tito’s Partisans
rather than Mihailovic’s Chitniks in Yugoslavia.
McMahon,
Brein: U.S. Assistant Attorney General, 1935-1939, U.S. Senator (D. CT,
1945-1952).
McMillan,
Edwin: Scientist at the Radiation Laboratory at the University of Califoriana,
Berkeley, involved in the Manhattan atomic project.
McNeil,
Hector: Minister of State in the postwar British Labour government.
McNut,
Russell: Spelling error for McNutt, Russell.
McNutt,
Ernest: Father of Russell McNutt and secret Communist.
McNutt,
Russell: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Fogel” prior to September 1944,
then “Persian”.[319]
McNutt,
Waldo: Brother of Russell McNutt and secret Communist.
Mead,
James: U.S. Senator (D. NY).
Meca
Sanches, Fernando: “Fbi” (cover name) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Mecader,
Jorge (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Mecenko,
Paul (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mechaev,
Ivan Vasilevich: “Bearing” (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Mechanic”
[Mekhanik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Cordell Hull.
“Mechanic’s”
assistant (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): An Assistant Secretary of State
under Cordell Hull. “Mechanic’s” assistant appeared in June and October
1939. “Mechanic's” assistant in June
1939 was George S. Messersmith, Assistant Secretary of State from 1937 to 1940.
“Mechanic’s” assistant in October 1939 likely was Assistant Secretary of State
Adolf A. Berle, Jr.
“Mechanic’s”
deputy (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Under Secretary of State Sumner
Welles.
Mediator:
See “Intermediary”.
“Medic”
[Medik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, described as part owner of the “American Schering
Co”.
“Medik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Medic”.
“Medkhen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Madchen”.
“Medved”
/ “Bear”: unidentified Republican party leader
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Medvedev”:
Soviet at Plant (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Medvedeva,
Nadezhda Ivanova: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Medvezhata”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bear Cubs.
Meeks,
John: Described as representative of Cardinal Spellman in Rome, 1950.
Meiss,
Evelyn: Sister of Faye Glasser.
Meiss,
Fred: Brother-in-law of Faye Glasser.
Mejean
(Mezhan ?), ?: Described as American
security official in Paris, 1950.
“Mekhanik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mechanic”.
Melamed,
Lev Nikolaevich: Described as an early contact between Boris Morros and the
KGB.
Melamed:
Variant of Melament. See Melament.
Melament,
Joseph: Soviet intelligence agent.
Provided safe house for KGB in New York City. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Old Man”. The exact
spelling of this name is uncertain. Melament
appears in White notebook #1, p. 58, were Joseph Melament (“Old
Man”) and his daughter Leah Melament (“Teacher”) are described and
Joseph is noted as having been born in Ukraine in 1874. Lea Melament is also identified by
Boris Morros as an espionage contact he used in New York.[320] A second spelling occurs in the Black
notebook, p. 79, where the cover name “Teacher” (female) is given for “Melamed,
teacher at a music School in NY”. The
1930 census showed a third spelling with a Joseph Melement born 1874 in
Russia living in Bronx, New York, with a daughter Leah Melement.
Melament,
Leah: Soviet intelligence agent. The
exact spelling of this name is uncertain (See Moseph Melament entry). Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Teacher”.
Melay,
Ralph: May be a garble for Ralph M. Easley, head of the National Civic
Federation.
Melement:
Variant of Melament. See Melament.
Mellon,
?: Described, inaccurately, as Joan London's husband. Also known as Malamount.
Mellon,
Andrew W.: Secretary of the Treasury, 1921-1932.
Mellon,
Paul (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mellow,
Colonel
Melnikov,
Petr: Soviet POW interviewed by American intelligence.
“Melnoskij”
[“Melnosky”]: unidentifed probationer, captian on Staryj Bolshevik (KGB Line,
San Francisco) [source Venona]
Melville,
Cecil: Described as a British journalist and writer.
“Men”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Averell Harriman, beginning in December
1944. “Men” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Harriman.[321]
“Men”:
Harriman, W. Averell (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Menaker,
Mrs. Robert Owen, and Time magazine (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Menaker,
Robert Owen: Soviet intelligence source/agent, working extensively on
anti-Trotsky tasks and missions in Central and South America. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent. Appeared to have
cooperated with the FBI in the 1950s.[322] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bob”
(late 1930s, early 1940s).
Menaker,
Robert Owen, representative of Midland Export in Chili: “Bob” / “Chekh” /
“Czech” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mendelson,
??: Described as wealth Catholic widow
Mensheviks:
Moderate wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party, opponents of the
Bolsheviks.
Menshikov,
?: Described as an official in UNRRA.
Menzhinskij
[Menzhinsky] (ship) [source Venona]
Menzhinsky,
Vyacheslav Rudolfovich: Chairman of the OGPU from 1926 to 1934.
“Mer”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Iskhak Akhmerov, 1942-1944. KGB illegal officer Iskhak Akhmerov was
referred to in Vassiliev’s notebooks in Russian Cyrillic as both “Мер”
and “Мэр”, words so phonetically close that both are
transliterated under the BGN/PCGN transliterations system identically as
“Mer”. Мер means
nothing in Russian while Мэр means “Mayor” Whether this use of two phonetically close
cryptonyms for the same person was a product of confusion on the part of KGB
cipher clerks, an artifact of the ciphering system, or two distinct cryptonyms
for the same person is unclear. To
reduce confusion, here the transliteration “Mer” will be used for both. “Мер”/“Mer” and
“Мэр”/”Mayor” both occur in the Venona decryptions as
cover-names for Akhmerov.
“Mer”
/ “Mayor”: Akhmerov, Iskhak Abdulovich
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mer”
/ “Mayor”: Unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mercader,
Caridad: “Klava” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Mercader,
Jaime Ramon: “Gnome” (KGB Mexico City
line): Mornard, Jacques aka Frank Jackson [Jacson]: “Rita” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mercader,
Luis (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Mercader,
Ramón: “Raymond” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Mercanton-Spiri,
Victoria: “Toto”: Pozner, Victoria (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mercury”:
unidentified, (San Francisco line KGB) 1945 [source Venona]
“Meri”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mary”.
“Meri”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Merkon,
Sarah: Described as the wife of Davrun Wittenberg.
Merkulov,
Vsevolod: People's Commissar of State Security of the USSR (February 1941- July
1941). Deputy People's Commissar of the
NKVD when the NKGB again fell NKVD as GUGB, 1941-1943,. In 1943 the GUGB
separated from the NKVD, Merkulov became head of the NKGB from July 1943 until
1946.
Meshkova,
Zoya Nikolaevna (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Messenger:
See “Express Messenger”.
Messersmith,
George S.: U.S. Assistant Secretary of State from 1937 to 1940.
Metallurgical
Laboratory: Manhattan atomic project University of Chicago facility where the
first atomic pile (reactor) with a self-sustaining atomic reaction was
achieved.
“Meteor”:
unidentifed Soviet officer New York [West Venona]
“Meteor”:
unidentified, possibly Soviet officer (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Meter”:
Joel Barr [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Meter”
[Metr] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joel Barr starting in
September 1944. “Meter” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Barr.[323]
“Method”
[Metod] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Weinberg.
“Metod”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Method”.
“Metr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Meter”.
“Metre”:
Metr: Meter: Joel Barr (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Metro”:
an official Soviet office of some sort (GRU line) [source Venona]
Metro
Goldwyn Mayer
“Mew”:
Mev: British Ministry of Economic Warfare
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mexico:
“Countryside” (Derevnya) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Meyer,
Agnes: Part owner of the Washington Post, wife of Eugene Meyer,
publisher of the Post.
Meyer,
Dr. ?: Described as pro-Nazi German emigre.
Mezentsev,
?: Emigre White Russian.
Mezhan
(Mejean?), ?: Described as American security official in Paris, 1950.
M.F.:
Initials of person who authored a report on American diplomatic recognition of
the USSR, December 1932.
MGB:
Ministry of State Security.
MGPPIYa:
Moscow State Institute of Foreign Languages
MGU:
Moscow State University.
“Mi”:
probably Chile (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Michael,
?: Described as a lawyer for Amtorg, 1940.
“Michel”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Michel:
See “Michelle”.
“Michelle”
[Mishel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1930s. (Alternative translation: Michel)
“Michman”:
midshipman: warrent officer: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Michurin
(ship)
“Microphone”
[Mikrofon] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1944, connected to Jacob Golos. “Microphone” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent connected to
the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission.
“Microphone”:
Mikrofon: unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
MID:
Military Intelligence Division of the U.S. War Department (Army intelligence).
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Spa”.
MID:
Ministerstvo Inostrannykh Del: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, USSR. When used as a reference to the U.S.
Department of State, translated as DOS.
Middle
Front Class Organization: Described as a late 1930s CIO-linked organization to
mobilize professionals and others in support of CIO goals. Possibly a garble for an affiliate of
Labor’s Non-Partisan League.
“Midgets”
[Karliki] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Socialist
Revolutionaries.
“Midshipman”:
Michman: warrent officer: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Midshipman”:
unidentified source New York [West Venona]
Mieczzyslawski,
Witold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mielke,
Erich: Chief of the GDR Stasi: Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (MfS / Ministry
for State Security), 1957-1989.
Mihailovic,
Draza: Yugoslav general and leader of the Chetnik resistance to Nazi occupation
of Yugoslavia. Opponent of the
Communist Partisan resistance led by Josip Tito.
MIIYa:
Moscow Institute of Foreign Languages.
Mije
Garcia, Antonio (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Mikaelyan,
G.: New York resident who corresponded with Armand V. Hammer, 1952.
“Mikelon”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Mikhail”:
Parkhomenko, Georgij [Georgy] Mikhajlovich
“Mikhailov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer, technical
intelligence, 1943, probably aviation related.
Likely Petr Aleksandrovich Belyaev, inspector of Soviet Government
Purchasing Commission at aircraft plants and identified as “Mikhailov” (as
“Mikhajlov”) in the Venona decryptions.
Mikhailov,
Pavel P. or Mikhajlov, Pavel P. Soviet Vice-Consul, NY] (true name was possibly
Menshikov or Meleshnikov): “Moliere” (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mikhailov,
Pavel real name Pavel Melkishev: “Moliere” GRU station chief New York,
vice-consul [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Mikhajlov”:
Peter Aleksandrovich Belyaev, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mikhajlov”:
unidentified, may be Peter Belyaev (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
“Mikhaylov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mikhailov”.
“Mikhajlovich”
/ “Mikhaylovich”: Likely Konstantin Mikhaylovich Kolpovsky, 1944 (KGB line)
{source Venona]
“Mikheev”:
Pavel Panteleimovich Pastelnyak (Pastelniak) [source Sudoplatov]
Mikhelevich,
?: Former Soviet supervisor of Iosif ?.
Mikolajczyk,
Stanislaw (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Mikoyan,
Anatas: People’s Commissar of Foreign Trade in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Mikoyan (ship) [source Venona]
“Mikrofon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Microphone”.
Miks
[probably error for Mije] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Miles,
William [Target for recruitment] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Militant,
The (journal): American Trotskyist
journal.
Military
Intelligence, U.S.: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks “Spa”.
Military
Intelligence: “Spa” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Miller,
Bert: party name of Ben Mandel [source Chambers Witness]
Miller,
Clarence: Sam Krieger (party name) [source Chambers Witness]
Miller,
Floyd Cleveland: Soviet intelligence agent, anti-Trotsky work. Miller was identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet agent.[324] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Hell”.
“Miller,
Floyd Cleveland”: Mike Cort: “Khe..”.
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Miller,
James Walter”: Vague (KGB Line, San
Francisco) [source Venona]
Miller,
Robert: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist. Employed by
the Office of the Co-ordinator of Inter-American Affairs and the State
Department. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as one of her singleton espionage sources.[325] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Mirage”.
Miller,
Yevgeny Karlovich: Tsarist general and emigre kidnapped by KGB in Paris in 1937
and died during his transport to the USSR.
“Milli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Millie”.
“Millie”
[Milli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1940.
Mills,
Ogden: U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, 1932-1933.
Mills,
Sir Percy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Milton”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bela Gold. Also known as William Gold.
“Mim”:
Mikhailov, Mishail, KGB officer New York [West Venona]
“Mimosa”
[Mimoza] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent. References
to in 1939.
“Mimoza”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mimosa”.
Minakov:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Minayev”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Israel Epstein.
Minin,
Ivan (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Minin
[possible GRU cipher officer Moscow (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Minister”:
unidentified GRU source, U.K. line [West Venona]
“Ministerstvo”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ministry”.
“Ministry”
[Ministerstvo] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Westinghouse
corportation, circa 1944.
Ministry
of Foreign Affairs, USSR: Ministerstvo Inostrannykh Del (MID).
Mink,
George: CPUSA trade union activist, Comintern activist. Arrested in Denmark in 1935 in association
with GRU agent.
Minkin,
A.E.: Senior Soviet official, 1924. Chief Concession Committee under the
Sovnarkom.
Minneapolis (ship) [source Venona]
Minor,
Eser (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Minor,
Robert G., OSS in Belgrade (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Minor-Gavronskaya,
Asya: Gavronsky-Minor, Anna (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mins,
Leonard Emil: “Smith” (Smit): (GRU line) [source Venona]
Minsk
(ship)
Minster,
Leon: Charlie [source Chambers Witness]
Minton,
Bruce: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Also known as Richard Bransten.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as assisting Jacob Golos as a talent
spotter.[326]
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Informator”.
Mipais,
S.: Described as editor-in-chief of the New York Herald-Tribune, 1944.
“Mira”:
unidentified . (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Mirage”:
unidentified (reporting on U.S. State Department, South American matters) (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mirage”
[Mirazh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Miller. “Mirage” appeared as an unidentified Soviet
source in the Venona cables, and the context supports identification of
“Mirage” as Miller.[327]
“Miranda”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Koral begining in August 1944. “Miranda” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Helen Koral.[328]
“Miranda”
/ “Art”: probably Helen Koral (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mirazh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Mirage”.
Mirendorf,
in Germany (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Mirna”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Myrna”.
“Mirna”
[Myrna]: Bentley, Elizabeth (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Miron”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, New
York. References to in 1947, 1952.
Mironov,
Vasili Dimitrovich: “Markov” [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Mironov,
Vasily D.: Soviet intelligence officer.
Likely author of the “anonymous letter”. Charged Vasily Zarubin with
treason in a letter to Joseph Stalin.
Sent to the Gulag after an KGB review.[329]
Miroshnikov,
?: Described as an Amtorg defector, 1920s.
Mirov-Abramov:
Chief of Comintern OMS, executed in Stalin’s Terror. Also know as A. L. Mirov Abramov.
“Misha”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB source in Moscow, likely staff of
the Savoy hotel.
Mishakov,
?: KGB officer, 1950.
“Mishel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Michelle”.
Mishuga,
?: Ukrainian nationalist.
Misluk,
Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich: “Mazhor” / “Major Key” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mission
to Moscow, film
“Missis”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See Marjorie Clay.
“Mitchell”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mitchell,
George: Official in the Resettlement Administration, 1930s.
“Mitron”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mitskevich,
?: KGB agent slated for infiltration into Germany via the battle front, late
1941.
Mitynen,
Francia Yakilnila, Soviet illegal: pseudonym Patterson, Edna Margaret:
“Australian Woman” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
MKhAT:
Moscow Art Theater.
MKO,
radio call sign (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Mlad”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Theodor Hall. (Alternative translation: Young). “Mlad" (Theodor Hall) as a cover name is pared with “Star”
(Saville Sax) as in the Russian expression "y star, y mlad"
(old and young people). Hall, a physics
prodigy and Harvard graduate at age 18, offered his services to the KGB at age
19, assisted by his friend Saville Sax, only a few years older. The KGB deemed them “Mlad” and “Star”. “Mlad” sometimes rendered as “Young” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Hall.[330]
“Mlad”:
Bruno Pontecorvo [source Sudoplatov]
“Mlad”:
Hall, Theodore [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
“Mlad”:
KGB source in atomic program at Los Alamos, [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Mlad”:
Young: Theodore Alvin Hall (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mladorros
club: Described as refugee White Russian club.
MMF:
Ministry of the Maritime Fleet, i.e., Soviet Navy Department.
Moczulski,
Roman [correct spelling]: Moszulski, Roman: Muszulsky, Ponan: “Canuck” /
“Kanuk”, staff of Polish Telegraph Agency (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Modest”
/ “Modeste”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Modeste”
/ “Modest”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Modesto,
Juan (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Modina,
Yekaterina: Maiden name of Russian-born wife of Boris Morros.
“Mogimenskij”
[“Mogimensky”]: navigator on Argun (ship) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
“Mogoleva”:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
“Mok”:
possibly Gavriluk, Vladimir V. (GRU line) [source Venona]
Mokhovaya:
a street in central Moscow where several Soviet party and Comintern facilities
were located.
Mol
(Mol’), Mikhail Nikolaevich, Capt. (3rd
Rank) SGPC (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Molchanov,
Boris Stepanovich
“Mole”
[Krot] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Charles Kramer. “Mole” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent but in a context compatible
with Kramer.[331]
“Mole”
[Krot]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Moley,
Raymond: Senior advisor to President Roosevelt in 1933.
“Moliere”:
Mikhailov, Pavel, real name Pavel Melkishev GRU station chief New York,
vice-consul [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Moliere”:
Mikhailov, Pavel P. or Mikhajlov, Pavel P. Soviet Vice-Consul, NY] (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Moliere”:
Pavel Makhailev [source Schecter Sacred Secrets] ??
“Moliere”
[Mol'er]: Pavel P. Mikhajlov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Molinari,
Alessandro (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Molot”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hammer”. (Molot in Russian is a
hammer in the sense of a sledgehammer, as in the hammer in the Soviet “hammer
and sickle”.)
Molotkovsky, ?: Described as an “enemy of the people” and
former head of the foreign department of the PP, an unknown Soviet entitiy.
Molotov,
Mrs. V.: see Zhemchuzhina, Polina.
Molotov,
Vyacheslav: Senior Soviet diplomat and member of Stalin’s inner circle.
Momentalka:
See brush pass.
“Mon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Bernard Redmont. “Mon” occured in the Venona messages as an unidentified Soviet
source compatible with identification of “Mon” as Redmont.[332]
“Mon”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Mona”
/ “Regina”: real first name of wife of “Mar”, a atomic source [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
Mongol
(ship)
Monnet,
Jean (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Monoelsky,
Vasily Dmitrievich: Soviet POW interviewed by American intelligence.
Monroe,
Rear Admiral (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Monroe,
W.: Described as an American orchestra conductor.
“Monti”:
Alexander Feklisov made up name for chemical engineer source, atomic [source
Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Moon”:
Luna [presumed female]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mooney,
Edward Aloysius: American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Archbishop of
Detroit between May 31, 1937 and his death in 1958, elevated to the cardinalate
in 1946.
Moore,
Leon: Helfand, Lev Borisovich, aka Leon Helfand, defected to U.S. from Italy in
July 1940 when recalled to Moscow. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Moore,
R. Walton: Senior American diplomat. Assistant Secretary of State, 1936.
Moore,
Tom: Senior Engineer involved in design of the first atomic reactors as part of
the Manhattan atomic project.
MOPR:
Mezhdunarodnoye Obshtchestvo Pomoshtchi Revolutzioneram – International
Organization for Assistance to Fighters of the Revolution. Comintern-linked body whose affiliates
provided legal and other assistance to imprisoned Communists and their allies.
“Mor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent know to Elizabeth Bentley in 1944. Probably an error for “Mon” (Bernard Redmont).
“Mora”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as Henry
Morgenthau’s secretary and a target of recruitment.
Moran,
William H.: Director of U.S. Secret Service, 1917-36.
“Moravskij”
[“Moravsky”]: Osobka-Morawski, Edward Boleslaw
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mordzhinskaya,
?: State Security Major, Deputy chief of information section, KGB First
Directorate, 1944.
“Morgan”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Morgan,
Henry (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Morgan,
Junius (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Morgan
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Morgan:
Pseudonym used by Boris Morros in written contact with KGB in 1950.
Morgenthau,
Henry, Jr.: “Nabob” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Morgenthau,
Henry, jr.: Secretary of the Treasury.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Nabob”.
“Moris”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Morris”.
“Moris”:
Maurice: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Moris”:
probably Abt, John in 1939 [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Morkovin,
Vladimir Borisovich: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. Engineer/scientist at Bell Aricraft. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Author”.[333]
Morkovin,
Vladimir Borisovich, aerodynamicist at Bell aircraft Niagara Falls: Avtor:
“Author” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Mormacdale
(ship) [source Venona]
Mormacrio
(ship) [source Venona]
Mornard,
Jacques aka Frank Jackson [Jacson]: Raymond Mercader: “Rita” (KGB U.S. line): “Gnome” (KGB Mexico City
line) [source Venona]
Moros:
variant of Boris Morros’s family name.
Moroz, Isaak Mikhailovich: Brother of Boris
Morros. Also known as Zaromsky.
Moroz,
Aleksandr Mikhailovich: Brother of Boris Morros. Arrested in 1937 and executed in Stalin’s Terror.
Moroz:
Boris Morros’s family name in Russian.
Moroz,
Bronya: Sister of Boris Morros.
Moroz,
Litovkina: Sister of Boris Morros. Also
know as Litovkina Bronislava.
Moroz,
Lyubov Grigorievna: Wife of Aleksandr Moroz.
Moroz,
Mendel Isaevich: Father of Boris Morros.
Moroz,
Savely Mikhailovich: Brother of Boris Morros.
Sentenced to prison by the KGB for political crimes in 1943.
Moroz,
Yuly Mikhailovich: Brother of Boris Morros.
Sentenced to prison by the KGB for political crimes with sentence
defered during service in the Red Army.
Moroz,
Zlatina,: Sister of Boris Morros.
Morozov,
?: KGB officer, Moscow Center, 1940 (Senior Detective Officer).
Morozov,
Ivan Ivanovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kir”. Know as Stan to Harry Gold.
Morozov:
Russian variant of Boris Morros’s family name.
Morozov
(ship)
Morozovskaya,
Zinovyeva and Strepetov (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Morris”
[Moris] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Abraham Glasser.
Morris,
Newbold: New York City political figure, 1930s-1950s.
Morris,
see Moris
Morrison,
John Alexander, deputy chief of the Russian section of OSS [source Venona]
Morros,
Boris: “Frost” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Morros,
Boris: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
A Russian immigrant who anglicized his birth name as Boris Morros, his
family name has different versions in KGB files: Moroz, Morozov, Moros, and
Morros. A Hollywood music producer,
Morros was turned by the FBI and became a double agent.[334] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Frost”, “John” (after WWII).
Morros,
Catherine: Russian-born wife of Boris Morros.
Also know as Ekaterina Yefimovna, Ekaterina Modina, and Ekaterina
Modina-Zaslavskaya. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Katya”.
Morros
(Moroz), Boris Mikhajlovich: “Frost” V.
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Morros,
Richard: Son of Boris Morros. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Reed”, 1950.
Morse,
H.M. from Princeton (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mortimer,
Wyndham: Senior CPUSA official.
“Moryak”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Seaman”.
“Moryak”
or “Seaman”: unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Moscow:
“Smyrna” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Moscow:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Smyrna”.
Moscow
Institute of Foreign Languages (MIIYa).
Moseley,
John (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mosely,
Philip, Russian section of OSS and U.S. State Dept.: “Drop” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Mosier,
Harold D.: U.S. Representative (R. OH).
Mosk,
E.A.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Moskovsky,
?: Described as chief of SovExportFilm
Moskva
(ship) [source Venona]
Mosley,
Walter Allen: A zoologist.
Mosquito:
See “Gnat”.
Moss,
B.S.: Described as husband of Kitty Carlisle.
“Motinov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified incoming GRU American station
chief 1945.
Mountain
Climbers: See “Alpinists”.
“Mountains”
[Gory] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Geographic cover name,
likely Switzerland.
Mowrer,
Edgar (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mowrie
possibly Maury, a U.S. Marine, rank major (NGRU line) [source Venona]
MPR:
Mongolian People’s Republic.
M.R.S.:
Described as a film company run by Richard Morros.
Muchnik,
Joseph: Finansist: “Financier” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mudrak,
Aleksandr Mitrofanovich, Senior Lieutenant, Red Fleet (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Mudrets”
/ “Sage” unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Mudryj,
Vasilij [Vasily] [Vasily] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mueller,
Leonora [source Venona]
Mukhin
(KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Mulyarov,
?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Soviet internal security officer who worked with Henry Ware in Moscow in
the mid-1930s. Arrested in Stalin’s
late-30s purge of the security services.
Munzenberg,
Willi: Comintern popular front propagandist, organized the World Congress
Against Imperialist War. (Alternative
translations Münzenberg, Münzenburg).
Muravev,
Andrej [Andrey] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Muromtaev,
Eric [source Venona]
Muromtsev,
?: GRU colonel in Moscow and chief of the its American division in May
1944.
Muromtsev,
Ilya: Described as a former colonel and former Military Academy instructor,
runing a laboratory for Westinghouse in Pittsburgh.
Murovtsev,
?: GRU colonel Muromtsev’s name given this spelling in one entry in the notebooks.
Murphy,
?: Described as New York Police lieutenant who visited the U.S. Service and Shipping Corporation in
1945.
Murphy,
Robert D. Senior American diplomat. [source Venona]
Murphy,
Thomas: Prosecuting U.S. attorney in the Hiss trials.
Murray,
James: U.S. Senator (D. Montana).
Murray,
Philip (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Murray,
Philip: President of the CIO and the United Steel Workers of America.
Murray,
Senator, Montana (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Murray,
Thomas E.: Engineer-businessman, member of the
U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1950.
Murzin,
Dick: Pseudonym of GRU officer Boris Devyatkin in the US. in the late 1920s,
early 1930s.[335]
“Muse”:
Muza unidentified cover name female in
OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Muse”:
Tenney, Helen [West Venona]
“Muse”
[Muza] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Tenney. “Muse” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
unidentified but in a context that would fit Tenney.[336]
“Museum”
[Muzey] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): VOKS – All-Union Society
for Cultural Relations.
“Mushroom”
[Gruzd] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Willard Park.
“Music”
[“Muzik”]: Radio. (GRU line) [source
Venona]
“Musician” [“Muzikant”]: Radio operator. (GRU line)
[source Venona]
“Musician”:
unidentified (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source Venona]
Muste,
Abraham: American radical.
“Musya”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Muszulsky,
Ponan: “Canuck”: Kanuk [Moszulski, Roman, of Polish Telegraph Agency: Kanuk
] correct spelling Moczulski, Roman
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Mutterperl,
William: Birth name of William Perl.
“Muza”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Muse”.
Muzak
corporation
“Muzey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Museum”.
Muzquiz,
Elena Huerta: “Southerner” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Müller,
Frank: Described as German intelligence agent in the U.S., 1936.
MVD:
Ministry of Internal Affairs
MVTU:
Moscow Higher Technical School.
Myakotina,
Zoya Semenovna, clerk and wife of Mikhajl Shalyapin: “Lina” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Myakotnykh,
N.S.: Soviet intelligence officer, East Berlin, 1958.
“Myra”
[Mirra] (Given name used as a cover name): Myra Soble.
“Myrna”
[Mirna] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Elizabeth Bentley after
August 1944. “Myrna” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Bentley.[337]
Myrna
[Mirna]: Bentley, Elizabeth (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Myrsikov
(ship) [source Venona]
XXN
N.
(initial of a cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified contact of
“James” (KGB officer). References to in
1934.
N
line (KGB tradcraft term): KGB “N” line was its illegal (no diplomatic cover)
apparatus.
Nabal,
?: Described as French Trotskyist leader.
“Nabob”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Henry Morgenthau, jr. “Nabob” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Morgenthau.
“Nabob”:
Henry Morgenthau, Jr. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
NACA:
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, U.S.: Cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks “Workshop”, circa 1944.
Nadai,
A. L. from Weston (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Nadyusha”:
Spasnachev (KGB line) [source Venona]
Nahin,
Paul Gilbert: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Chemist, PhD, Union Oil
Company, CA. Cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Erie”, “George” (October 1944 to 20 February 1945), then “Ernst”. [338] “Erie”, “George” and “Ernst” (under the
variant “Ernest”) appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agents compatible with Paul Nahin. Venona cryptanalyst’s choice of “Ernest”
rather than “Ernst” was likely a minor error in creating the Soviet code
book.
“Naked”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nakhodka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Godsend”. (Alternative translations: “Disctovery”, “Find”.)
NAM:
National Association of Manufacturers.
“Namesake”
[Teska] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Khotimsky, KGB
illegal. References to in 1934.
NANG:
National Alliance of the New Generation.
Napoli,
Nichola, president of Artkino, distributor of Russian films in Western
Hemisphere (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Napoli,
Nicolai: Head of Artkino Pictures, Inc.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as associated with Jacob Golos’s covert
work but she had no knowledge of his specific activities. Napoli was identified in the Venona
decryptions as a source of information from the CPUSA about persons seeking
contact with KGB.[339]
Napopovskiy,
Waclaw [W. Narajowski] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Napravnik,
Eduard: Czech conductor and composer best known as the principal conductor of
the Imperial Marinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Narkom:
Soviet shorthand term for the minister of a Soviet government ministry.
Narkomat:
Soviet shorthand term for a Soviet government ministry.
Narkomindel:
Narodnyj Kommissariat Inostrannikh Del (also NKID), People's Commissariat of
Foreign Affairs. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Syndicate”.
Narkomprod:
People’s Commissariat of Provisions.
Narkomtyazhprom:
People’s Commissariat of Heavy Industry.
“Nat”:
redacted and unidentified leading Communist in California (KGB line) [source
Venona]
Nat’l
Association of Amer. Industries: Likely a garble for National Association of
Manufacturers.
“Nata”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1948.
Natalia
Ivanova Sedova-Trotsky: “Starukha” / “Old Woman” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Natasha”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Nathan,
Robert: New Deal administrator.
National
Academy of Sciences.
National
Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA): Predecessor to the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Cover name in Vassiliev notebooks: “Workshop”, circa 1944.
National
Alliance of the New Generation (NANG): Anti-Bolshevik emigre organization.
National
Broadcasting System: Error for National Broadcasting Corporation.
National
Bureau of Standards, U.S.: In Alexander Vassiliev’s Black notebook “Chamber” is listed in a marginal notation
as the cover name for the National Bureau of Standards but in White notebook
#1 “Chamber” is identified as the cover name for the U.S. Department of
Justice.
National
Citizens Political Action Committee (NC-PAC): Sponsored by the CIO’s Political
Action Committee to mobilize professionals, business, and others in support of
CIO-PAC programs.
National
Civic Federation: Progressive-era alliance of American businesses and labor
leaders that sought to resolve disputes arising between industry and organized
labor. Strongly anti-Communist.
National
Committee for Recognition of Soviet Russia.
National
Defense Commission: likely a garbled title for one of the numerous wartime
agencies in Washington during WWII.
National
Defense Research Committee: Arm of the U.S. Council of National Defense from
1940 to June 1941 to direct and explore advanced military technology such as
radar and atomic bombs. In June 1941
it became an advisory body to the Office of Scientific Research and Development
that took over direction of actual projects.
National
oil administration: Likely a reference to the Petroleum Administration for War,
a WWII industrial mobilization agency.
National
Research Council: Arm of the National Academy of Sciences that sponsored
research projects.
National
Resources Board: New Deal agency, 1934-1935, succeeded by the National
Resources Planning Board.
National
Resources Planning Board: New Deal government agency.
National
Student Union [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
National
U.S. Administration: Described as an organization with which Charles Kramer was
involved in 1935-1936, likely a garble for the WPA’s National Research Project.
“Natives”
[Tuzemtsy]: possibly term for Americans or the American liaison with Soviet
naval personnel. (NGRU line) [source Venona]
NAUS:
North American United States, Soviet acronym for the United States in the 1920s
and 1930s
Naval
Research Laboratory: Described as associated with the U.S. Navy in 1945.
Navigator
or Shturman, unidentified Mexican Labor leader in KGB files on Kitty Harris but
in Venona as Vicente Lombardo Toledano [source Damaskin Harris]
Navy
Department: “Dock” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Navy,
Department of the, U.S.: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Dock”. “Dock” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as the Department of the Navy.
“Naygel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Nigel”.
“Nazar”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Likely Stepan Nikolaevich Shudenko. “Nazar” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Shudenko.
“Nazar”:
Shudenko, Stepan Nikolaevich (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Nazarov,
Aleksandr, ship traffic control 1944-1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Nazhim
(ship) (KGB line) [source Venona]
NBS:
Error for NBC.
Neal:
See “Nil”.
“Near”
[Blizky] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent.
Near
neighbors: Naval GRU term for the Red Army GRU [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Ned
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Edward Fitzgerald party name.
Nedeltshe,
Petr Semanovich of (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Nedich,
General Milan; , (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Needle”
[Igla]: York, Jones Orin (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Needle”
[Igla] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jones York. “Needle” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as York.[340]
Nefteexport:
Soviet oil export agency.
“Negr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Negro”.
Negrin,
Juan (KGB U.S. and Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Negro”
[Negr] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent,
Moscow, 1940s.
Negro
Youth Movement [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Negro
Youth Union of the South [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Nehru,
?: Described as financial counselor at the Indian Embassy in Washington, 1951.
Neighbors
[Sosedi] (KGB idiom): KGB term for GRU, the Soviet military intelligence
agency. The term apparently derived
from the two agencies occupying nearby buildings in Moscow in the early
1920s. GRU later moved across the city,
but the term stuck. Both agencies used
the term in references to the other.
Neighbors:
Used by GRU and KGB in reference to each other. (GRU and KGB line) [source Venona]
Neil:
See “Nil”.
Neiman,
D. Princeton (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Neiman:
See Neyman.
Neimann:
See Neyman.
“Nejtron”
/ “Neutron”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Neli”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Nelken
Mansberger de Paul, Margarita: “Amor” [KGB U.S. and Mexico City line] [source
Venona]
“Nelli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Nelly”.
“Nelly”
[Nelli]: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nelly”
[Nelli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Helen Lowry, 1939-August
1944. “Nelly” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1944.[341]
Nelson,
?: Described as American citizen, director of Amtorg, 1931.
Nelson,
?: Described as pro-Nazi German emigre.
Nelson,
?: Described as an American Army officer, major, liaison with Soviet forces.
Nelson
(ship) [source Venona]
“Nemo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Pinsly, starting in October
1944. “Nemo” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Pinsly.[342]
“Nemo”:
Pinsly, William (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Nenets
(ship) [source Venona]
Nenni,
Prepera of Italian Socialists (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
NEP:
Novaya ekonomicheskaya politika — New Economic Policy.
Neruda,
Pablo (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Nesterov,
?: Aleksey Rykov’s secretary in Moscow.
“Nestor”:
Krokhin, Konstantin Ivanovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Neubacher,
Hermann: A senior Nazi official in the Balkans.
“Neudachnik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Loser”.
Neumann,
Franz: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Anti-Nazi German exile in the U.S. After American entered WWII Neumann
became an analyst in the German section of OSS. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ruff”. “Ruff” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in OSS.[343]
“Neutron”:
Nejtron: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Neutron”
[Neytron] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Aristid Victorovich
Grosse in 1942. “Neutron” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as an unidentified in 1942.[344]
Neva
(ship) (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Nevsky”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1945.
New
Construction Project: See Novostroy.
New
International: Journal associated
with the American Trotskyist movement.
“New
Republic, The.
New
York City: “Tyre” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
New
York City: Cover name in Venona, Naval GRU line: “Big Town” (1943)
New
York City: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tyre”
New
York Post.
New
York University: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Cradle”.
Newhouse,
W.H., MIT (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Newman,
John (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Newton:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Neyman,
?: Described as someone who disappeared in Moscow during the Terror and
Ambassador Davies sent a cable to Washington regarding him. (Alternate translations, Neiman, Neimann).
Neyman,
Jerzy: Husband of Olga Neyman. A
leading theoretical statistician, professor of mathematics and director of the
statistics laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley.
Neyman,
Olga Vladimirovna: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Also known as Olga Solodovnikova, sister of “Soba”. Russian-born wife of Jerzy Neyman. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Jack”.
“Neytron”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Neutron”.
Nezhlin
[probably NYC] (GRU line) [source Venona]
Nicholas,
Nikola [Nicholas George Nicholas](KGB line) [source Venona]
“Nick”:
Nelson, Irving C. [West Venona]
“Nick”:
Nik: Sabatini, Amadeo (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Nick”:
unidentifed fifth line Soviet officer]
“Nick”:
Velson, Irving Charles (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Nick”
[Nik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Likely Amadeo
Sabatini. References to in 1941, 1943,
1948. “Nick” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Amadeo Sabatini.[345]
Nier,
Alfred O.: Scientist involved in the Manhattan atomic project.
“Nigel”:
Straight, Michael [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Nigel”:
Straight, Michael [source West & Tsarev]
“Nigel”
[Naygel'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Michael Straight. “Nigel” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Straight. Nigel is identified
in West and Tsarev as Straight.
“Nik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Nick”.
“Nik”:
Nick: Sabatini, Amadeo (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Nikitin”:
Pogonin, Vladimir Illarionovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Nikitin”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Nikitin,
Aleksandr, seaman deserter (KGB line) [source Venona]
Nikitin,
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. Described as about 40 years old. Engineer for the American Rubber
Corporation. Provided materials on
synthetic rubber.
Nikitin,
Captain (2nd Rank) [probably not same as Nikitin in the “Sally” operation]
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Nikitin
[unidentified in the “Sally” operation] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Nikolaev
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Nikolaev,
Vladimir Semenovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Nikolaeva”:
covername for son of Taradonova (KGB line) [source Venona]
Nikolaevskaya,
Aleksandra Georgievna (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Nikolaj”
or “Nikolay”: unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Nikolay”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Vyacheslav N. Zakharov, 1949
“Nikolay”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Peter Gutzeit.
Nikolay
Nikolaevich, Grand Duke: See Nikolay Nikolaevich Romanov.
Nikolay
Nikolaevich Romanov, Grand Duke: Tsarist family member and military commander.
Nikolayevsky,
Boris: Described as a refugee Menshevik leader in the U.S.
“Nikol'sky”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Nikolsky”.
“Nikolsky”
[Nikol'sky] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB officer who dealt
with Varvara Hammer in 1941.
“Nikon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1960s.
Nikunas,
Anton Lavrentyevich: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Described as a U.S. citizen of Latvian
origin, a professor, chemist, and paleontologist. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Herdsman”.
“Nil”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nathan Sussman after September 1944. (Alternative translations Nile, Neil,
Neal). “Nil” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as unidentified member of Julius Rosenberg’s technical intelligence
apparatus.[346]
“Nil”:
Nile or Neil or Neale, former “Tu..”.: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Nile:
See “Nil”.
Nimitz,
Chester: Admiral, U.S. Navy.
“Nina
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Nina”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nine”,
“the nine” group of nine Soviet students who worked for KGB (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Nineteen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “19”.
“Nineteenth”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “19”.
“Ninotchka”:
1939 American motion picture that mocked Soviet communism.
Nislerman,
Felix: Misspelling of Inslerman, Felix.
Nixon,
Richard: Vice-President of the United States.
Nixon,
Russell: Secret Communist, staff of UEW-CIO, and official in the U.S.
occupation government of Germany.
NKGB:
People’s Commissariat of State Security.
NKID:
Narodny Kommissariat Inostrannikh Del (Narkomindel), People's Commissariat of
Foreign Affairs. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Syndicate”.
NKO:
Narodny Kommisariat Oborony, People’s Commissariat of Defense, USSR.
NKOP:
People’s Commissariat of the Defense Industry.
NKTP:
Narodny Kommissariat Tiazheloi Promyshlennosty, People’s Commissariat of Heavy
Industry
NKVD:
Narodnyi Kommisariat Vnutrennikh Del, People’s Commissariat of Internal
Affairs.
NKVMF:
People’s Commissariat of the Navy, USSR.
NKVT:
Narodny Komissariat Vneshney Torgovli – People’s Commissariat of Foreign Trade,
USSR. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Food Store”.
NKVT,
People’s Commissariat of Foreign Trade (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“NN-32”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Noah”:
Noj or Noy: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Noah”
[Noy] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent 1943.
Described as having known Marcuse in Germany. Described as working on the staff of Robert Jackson in the war
crimes prosecutions. “Noah” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent
providing material on internal German politics.[347]
“Nobility”:
Montagu, Ivor, the Honorable U.K. line [source West’s Venona ]
Nogin
(ship)
“Noise”:
Shum: also “Shponka”: Spline: redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Noise”
[Shum] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Michael K. Cham starting in
October 1944.[348] “Noise” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as a Soviet intelligence source/agent but the NSA/FBI identification of the
real name was redacted.[349]
“Noj”
or “Noy” / “Noah”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nomad”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Non”
(“Nona”): Wilson, Ruth Beverly, wife of Jacob Epstein (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Nona”:
Wilson, Ruth [Jacob Epstein’s wife] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Non-Ferrous
Metals Association: Reference to the British Non-Ferrous Metals Research
Association, an agency that undertook much of Britain’s wartime atomic bomb
research.
“Nook”:
British Foreign Office (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nora”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified female KGB illegal, planned
for use in the U.S. but diverted to Central or South American work. References to in 1942. “Nora” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as unidentified Soviet intelligence officer/agent in
Mexico, 1943-1945.[350]
“Nora”:
unidentified cover name, Mexico operations (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nord”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Bazarov. “Nord” was identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as Bazarov.
“Nord”:
Boris Bazarov (KGB illegal officer) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Nord”
(in post WWII period): Marzani, Carl [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Norma”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Likely Kitty Harris. Described as having received a passport via Golos with the help
of the Communist Party of Canada.
“Norma” was identified in Costello and Tsarev’s Deadly Illusions
and in Damaskin’s Kitty Harris as Kitty Harris.[351]
“Norma”:
Kitty Harris (mid-30s) [source Damaskin Harris]
“Norman”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1950.
Norman,
Henry: Described as someone in London with some link to the atomic bomb project
being cultivated or recruited by both KGB and GRU in 1944.
Norman,
Jay, (WMCA commentator)”: Bojkij [Bojky]: “Perky” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Norman,
Montagu: Governor of the Bank of England from 1920 to 1944.
Norman:
Pseudonym used by Semen Semenov with some of his agents.
Norris,
George: U.S. Senator, 1913-1943 (R. & Ind., NE).
Norstad,
Lauris: Senior USAF general.
North
Africa: “Shore” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
North
Africa: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Shore”.
North,
Joseph: Soviet intelligence contact/informant.
Senior CPUSA official.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as a talent spotter for Jacob Golos who
connected William Remington to the Golos/Bentley apparatus[352]
Northrop
aircraft.
Nortman,
Bernard P.: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. Economist who worked at times for the OPA, OPM, FEA, and, after
WWII, the DOS. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as having been in her CPUSA unit at Columbia University in 1936-1937
and of having been in contact with her in 1944 but not a source for her
networks. Confronted by the FBI, Nortman
was evasive and uncooperative but admitted meeting Bentley, denied being a
Communist, but allowed that he had attended Communist-aligned meeting when a
student at Columbia in 1937. FBI
investigations established that in 1945 he was in close touch with Victor Perlo
and visited the dental office of Dr. Bernard Weinstein in New York, an office
the FBI regarded as a communications node where Soviet sources left and picked
up messages.[353]
Norwood,
Melita Stedman: Soviet intelligence source/agent, U.K. A secret Communist and secretary at the
British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association, an agency that conducted much
of Britain’s wartime atomic bomb project.
When publicly revealed as a Soviet source by Vasily Mitrokhin in 1999,
she proudly admitted her many years of work as a Soviet spy. Her cover names in Mitrokhin’s material were
“Tina” in 1944 and later “Hola”.[354] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tina”.
Nosaka,
Sanzo: leading Japanese Communist who spend part of the 1930s in the U.S. Party name/cover name: “Okano”.
Nosovitsky,
Jacob: Member of the Russian federation of the Communist Party of America and
informant for the U.S. Justice Department.
Nosovitsky worked as a courier for Ludwig C.A.K. Martens’ Soviet Russian
Information Bureau and escorted Louis Fraina on first trip to Europe as
international secretary of the CPA.
Nothilfe:
Likely the Technische Nothilfe, founded in 1919 by Germany’s Weimar government,
the Technical Emergency Corps was initially created for security against
striking labor unions that controlled critical public services and utilities.
Later the organization was utilized as a reserve group of technically trained
specialists that responded to emergencies as a result of natural catastrophe.
It became a national organization in 1933 and after 1937 it was integrated into
the overall Order Police (Ordnungspolizei). In this role it was charged with
the responsibility to respond to public dangers that might result from war or
other threats.
Novack,
Evelyn (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Novack,
George (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Novice”
[Novichok] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1939-40.
“Novichok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Novice”. (Alternative translation:
Beginner).
Novikov,
Nikolay: Soviet diplomat, 1945. Cover
names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Chief” and “Wolf”.
Novikov,
Yury Vasilievich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Krok”.
Novobratsky,
?: Senior KGB officer, 1943.
“Novogorsk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Knoxville, TN.
Novoseltseva,
Anna Petrovna: “Java” (KGB line) [source Venona]
Novosibirsk
(ship) (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Novostroy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Oak Ridge atomic facility (Could be
translated as “New Construction Project”)
Novoye
Russkoye Slovo [New Russian Word]:
Russian-language newspaper in the United States.
Novy
Mir [New World]:
Communist-aligned Russian-language journal published in the United States.
Novyj
Shlyakh (New Pathway) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Nowa
Polska (New Poland, newspaper) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Noy”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Noah”.
NRA:
National Recovery Administration.
NTR:
KGB scientific technical intelligence.
“Nul'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Zero”.
“Nul”:
Zero: Leona Vivian Franey (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Null”
[Nul'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Zero”.
Nuorteva,
Santeri: Finnish Bolshevik. Edited
Raivaaj [Pioneer], a radical Finnish Socialist newspaper published in
Fitchburg, Massachusetts, later the ambassador (unrecognized) to the United
States of the short-lived Finnish Red republic. After the defeat of the Finnish Red government in a civil war,
Nuorteva joined the Russian Soviet Government Information Bureau in the United
States. He left the U.S. in 1920 and
served in a variety of Soviet government positions in the 1920s.
Nyatin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Nyaton”:
unidentified name probationer [Soviet intelligence agent] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Nye
Committee: see Committee on Investigation of the Munitions Industry, U.S.
Senate.
Nye,
Gerald: U.S. Senator, 1925-1945 (R. ND).
“Nyna”:
unidentified source New York [ West’s Venona ]
XXO
O.:
unidentified (KGB line) [source
Venona]
O’Brien,
?: Described as the Pope’s representative in America in 1930.
O’Connor,
John J.: U.S. Representative, 1923-1939 (D. NY).
O’Dwyer,
Brig. General William V. Chief of Allied Control Commission’s (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
O’Dwyer,
Paul: Liberal-left New York City political figure and attorney for Alfred and
Martha Stern in 1957.
O’Hara,
Joyce, of American Chamber of Commerce (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
O’Neal,
?: Described as a U.S. senator in 1945 who wanted Charles Kramer to work for
the Democratic National Committee.
Likely a misunderstanding by “Bogdan”, the Soviet intelligence officer
writing the report, for a reference to Sam O’Neill, publicist for the DNC. There was no senator in the 79th congress
with a name resembling O’Neal.
O’Neal,
Sam, publicity director of the DNC (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Oak
Ridge atomic facility: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Camp 1”,
“Novostroy”, and “Site X”
“Oak”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Oaklings”
[Dubki] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Dead drops.
Ob
(ship) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Obera
League: Described as an anti-Bolshevik organization in 1924.
“Objective”
[Ob"yektiv] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1945-1948.
Very likey Ann Sidorovich.
Hosted a safe house with “Lens”/Michael Sidorovich.
“Objective”:
Obyektiv: Ann Sidorovich [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Oboe”
[Goboy] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentifed KGB
officer/agent, NY station. References
to in 1935.
Obraztsov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Ob"yektiv”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Objective”.
Ochakov
(ship) (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Octane”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Octane”:
unidentified soure who met with Ovakimyan ( Ovakimian ) when he was arrested
[source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword] [John Walsh says Justice Department
attorney who was meeting with Ovakimyan ( Ovakimian ), FBI wanted him fired,
but he was only transferred to OPA to a senior position.]
“Octane”
[Oktan] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Dr. Maurice Bacon Cooke,
1938-1945. “Octane” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[355]
“Odd
Fellow”: Jupiter: unidentified [source Venona]
Odessa
(ship) [source Venona]
“Odessan”
[Odessit] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent prior to September 1944, then changed to
“Growth”. “Odessan” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, later
changed to “Growth”.[356]
“Odessit”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Odessan”.
“Odessit”:
Odessite: Odessan [someone from Odessa]: unidentified cover name: Rost:
“Growth” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Odissey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Odysseus”.
ODVU:
Organization for the Rebirth of Ukraine.
O'Dwyer,
William: Mayor of New York City, 1946-50.
“Odysseus”
[Odissey] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Taylor.
“Office”:
Kontora: KGB apparatus in Soviet Consulate in New York (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Office”
[Kontora] (KGB jargon): The KGB Station.
Office
of Arms and Munitions Control, U.S. Department of State.
Office
of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations, U.S. Department of State.
Office
of Naval Intelligence, U.S. (ONI): U.S. Navy’s intelligence branch.
Office
of Price Administration, U.S. (OPA): wartime agency
Office
of Production Management, U.S. (OPM): wartime agency.
Office
of Scientific Research and Development: U.S. military research agency in WWII.
Office
of the Coordinator of Information: Predecessor to OSS and OWI.
“Officer”:
Ofitser: Captain Jan Fierlinger, Information officer of the Czechoslovak
consulate in New York. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Official”
[Chinovnik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Laurance Duggan,
1935. (Alternative translation:
Clerk). Used by KGB legal station when
it briefly considered cultivating Duggan before being informed that the illegal
station had already done so.
Offie,
Carmel: Senior CIA official, late 1940s.
Oformleniye
(tradecraft term): See Processing.
Oglivie,
Irimescu, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ogloblin,
G. N. or M.N. Khvostov, KGB Soviet students: “Artem” “Artonius” “Artem-Artonius”
(unclear): possibly “Grigoriy”/ “Grigory”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ognev,
Vasily Ivanovich: Pseudonym used by Vladimir Pravdin in a meeting with
“Quantum”.
Ogoltsov,
Sergey I.: Senior KGB officer, Moscow Center.
OGPU:
Ob'edinennoye Glavnoye Politicheskoye Upravleniye [Unified State Political
Directorate].
“Ohm
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Ohsol,
Johann Gottfried: Also know as John Ohsol and Johann Petrovich Ohsol. Amtorg official.
OIYaCh:
Joint Institute on Nuclear Research.
“Okano”
(cover name/party name): Sanzo Nosaka, a leading Japanese Communist who spend
part of the 1930s in the U.S.
“Okh”:
Adolfo Orive De Alba (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Okho”:
possibly Ojo, Spanish for eye: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Okhotsk
(ship) [source Venona]
Okhranka:
Tsarist internal security and political police service. Derived from the full
name Okhrannoye otdeleniye or Security Section.
Okov,
Yury: Described as GRU officer and one-time lover of “Zora”.
“Oktan”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Octane”.
“Okun”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Perch”.
“Okurov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Santa Fe, NM.
“Ola”:
Ols: Krotkova, Christina (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona] [ Sera Veksler according to West’s Venona ]
Olay,
Garcia (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Olazov,
V.: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Old”
/ “Star”: Sax, Saville (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Old
Man: Chambers covert West Coast contact [source Chambers Witness]
“Old
Man”: Leon Trotsky (KGB U.S. line) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Old
Man”: Starik: Leon Trotsky (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Old
Man” [Starik] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Emil Fuchs, 1950.
“Old
Man” [Starik] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent of the New York KGB
station, 1952.
“Old
Man [Starik] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Leon Trotsky, 1937-1942.
“Old Man” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Leon Trotsky.
“Old
Man” [Starik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Melamed, 1944.
“Old”:
See “Star”.
“Old
Woman”: Starukha: Natalia Ivanova Sedova-Trotsky (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Olds”:
unidentified cover name ?? (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Oleg”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mikhail Sergeevich Vavilov. “Oleg” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Vavilov.
“Oleg”:
Vavilov, Mikhail Sergeevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Oliphant,
Marcus (Mark) Laurence Elwin: Australian scientist and key member of the
British atomic bomb program and later part of the British contingent in the
Manhattan atomic project.
“Oliver”:
Antonio Gomez Deans, [KGB U.S. and Mexico City line] [source Venona]
Oliver
Ellsworth (ship) [source Venona]
“Olivia”:
Lucia ? (Lucia is the real first name of sister-in-law of “Mar”) [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
Olkhine,
Eugenie: “Lily” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Olkhov”:
Budanov (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Olsen”
(likely a party name used as a cover name): Possibly Morris Childs or Jack
Childs. Identified as, “husband of Rose
Olsen”, and in the Venona decryptions as “district leader of Fraternal in
Chicago”.[357] The CPUSA district organizer for Illinois in
1944 was Morris Childs. Rosalyn
Childs, wife of Jack Childs, however, is a better candidate for Rose Olsen than
Morris Childs’ wife. “Olsen” appeared
in the Venona decryptions as the unidentified leader of the Chicago area CPUSA
in 1944.
“Olsen”:
not identified in Venona but possibly Morris Childs (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Olsen,
Rose” [Olsen, Roza] (likely a party name used as a cover name): Soviet
intelligence agent, linked to a senior CPUSA cadre. Rosalyn Childs is a candidate for Rose Olsen. Rosalyn Childs was married to Jack Childs, a
full-time CPUSA functionary whose work for the party was obscure and probably
connected with its underground. “Rose
Olson” and Olsen’s wife appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1944.[358]
Olsen,
Roza: See Olsen, Rose.
Olson,
Orville: Described as a contact of Harold Glasser 1945. Likely Orville Olsen, secret Communist,
worked in Washington in WWII, later head of the Progressive Party in Minnesota.
Olson,
Rose: “Phlox”: Jack Childs wife, linked to Morris Childs, sister-in-law?] (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Omega”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): A 1937 intelligence project on arms and
military technology.
Omelchenko,
Ye. I.: Described as writer on American economic matters, 1926.
OMS:
Otdel Mezhdunarodnykh Svyazey. International Relations Department, often
referenced to the OMS of the Communist International.
“Omut”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Whirlpool”.
“On”
/ “He”: Vazquez Gomez (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
ONI:
Office of Naval Intelligence, U.S.
OO
NKVD: Osoby Otdel NKVD, the NKVD’s “special department” that conducted
counter-intelligence security.
OO
OGPU: Osoby Otdel OGPU, the OGPU’s
“special department” that conducted counter-intelligence security.
OPA:
Office of Price Administration, U.S.
Operative
(tradecraft term): KGB terminology for a professional intelligence
officer. Does not include agents or
sources (probationers) or co-optives from other Soviet agencies.
“Operator”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source. Likely Hazen Sise. Operator is described as a contact of Elizabeth Bentley and
working in Washington “for the Canadian motion-picture representative office”. Elizabeth Bentley identified Hazen Sise, a
secret Canadian Communist, veteran of the Spanish Civil War (medical unit), and
Washington representative of the Canadian National Film Board, as one of the
sources for her network.[359]
OPM:
Office of Production Management, U.S.
Oppen:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona] [redacted possibly either ? or ?]
[source Venona]
Oppenheimer,
Robert and/or Fermi, Enrico: “Star” [source Sudoplatov]
Oppenheimer,
Frank: Nuclear scientist. Brother of Robert Oppenheimer. Secret member of the
CPUSA. Target of recruitment. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Beam”.
Oppenheimer,
J. Robert: Nuclear scientist and scientific director of the Manhattan
project. Secret member of the
CPUSA. Brother of Frank Oppenheimer. Target of recruitment. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Chester” (early 1944 to mid-1945), “Chemist” (September
1944), “Yew” (late 1944-1945).
Oppenheimer,
Julius Robert: “Veksel” / “Wechsel” / “Bill of Exchange” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Optant”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Samuel Dickstein, 1937.
Ordensburgen:
Term for elite Nazi schools.
Order
of ‘76: Secret anti-Semitic society in the 1930s.
“Orderly”
[Sanitar] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Herbert Lehman,
1943-1944.
Ordynski,
Ryszard (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Orear,
Standley (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Orel”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Eagle”.
“Orel”:
Eagle: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Organization
for the Rebirth of Ukraine (ODVU): Ukrainian nationalist organization.
Orgaz,
General, Commander of Spanish troops in Morocco, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Original”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Orlando,
?: Described as a member of William McAdoo’s law firm.
“Orleans”:
Berezin, Col. Pavel F. Soviet attache for Air [source Venona]
Orley,
Aleksandr (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Orloff,
Nicholas,: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[360] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Osipov”.
Orloff,
Nicholas V. [Orlov Nikoaj Vladimirovich]: “Osipov” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Orlov”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Orlov,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent who received passport via “Sound” mid- to
late-1930s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Plumb”.
Orlov,
Andrey Romanovich: “Volkov” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Orlov,
Ivan Timofeevich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. References to in 1949.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Starter”.
Orochen
(ship) [source Venona]
Orozco,
Sgt Joseph W. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Orphan”:
Maclean, Donald: “Waise” (German for Orphan) or Sirota in Russian [ source
Damaskin]
Orphan:
See “Waise”.
Orsatti,
Frank: Hollywood figure.
Orsatti,
Victor: Hollywood figure.
Orsod-1
(title): Described as an American directive of mid-1945 regarding relations
with Germany.
“Osa”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Wasp”.
“Osa”
/ “Wasp”: Lyudmila Nikolaevna Alekseeva
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Osa”
/ “Wasp”: Ruth Greenglass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Oscar”
[Oskar] (First name used as a cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Oscar
Bernstein, references to in 1948.
Osechko,
?: Soviet official, 1923, either GPU or NKID.
Osenberg,
Werner: University of Hannover engineering scientist who headed the Nazi
regime’s Wehrforschungsgemeinschaft (Military Research Association).
“Osip”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet diplomat, vice consul,
New York City 1934, seconded to KGB.
Osipenko,
Kondratij [Kondraty] Filippovich: “Mashenka” (on ship Litke) (KGB line) [source
Venona]
“Osipov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Likely
Nikolay W. Orloff. “Osipov” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Orloff.[361]
“Osipov”:
Nicholas Orloff [Nikoaj Vladimirovich Orlov] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Osipov”:
Tarulis (KGB line) [source Venona]
Osipov,
Aleksandr Petrovich: Pseudonym used by Gayk Ovakimyan when meeting with General
Donovan and General Deane in Moscow.
Osipovich,
Nadia Morris: “Watchdog” (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Oskar”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Oscar”.
Oskar:
Chambers knew of Valentine Markin as Oskar.
[source Chambers Witness]
Osmussar
(ship) [source Venona]
Osoaviakhim:
Society to Assist Defense, Aviation and Chemical Development, USSR.
“Osprey”
/ “Block”: unidentifed source [West Venona]
“Osprey”
/ “Keen”: unidentifed source [West Venona]
Osprey:
See “Fisherman”.
OSS:
“Hut”/ “Izba” (see “Cabin”) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
OSS:
Office of Strategic Services, U.S.
Ost
(ship) (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Ostap”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer. Viennese station chief, 1950.
“Ostap”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent in Mexico 1957.
“Ostap”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent who had known “Vendor”.
Ostermann,
?: described as pro-Nazi German emigre.
“Ostorozhny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cautious”. (Alternative
translations: Careful, Watchful).
“Ostorozhny”
/ “Cautious”: Joseph, Julius J. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ostroukhov,
Aleksandr Eliseevich, July 1943, SGPC (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Ostrov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Island”.
“Ostrova
slez” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Island of Tears”.
Ostrovskiy,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Pavlovich, Soviet represeantive at Bell Aircraft, Buffalo”:
Korobov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ostrovsky,
Nikolay: Soviet intelligence officer working under SGPC cover in the U.S. in
WWII. May be a pseudonym. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Korobov”.
Ostrow,
Walter W.: U.S. vice consul in Zurich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Oswald”:
Gerig, Benjamin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Otchim”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): “Stepfather”.
Otero,
Carmen: Mexican attorney assisting Alfred and Martha Stern in 1957.
Otroshchenko,
?: Senior KGB official, Moscow, late 1940s.
“Ots”:
unidentified cover name: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Otto”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer/agent, possibly at KGB
Moscow. References to in 1933.
“Otto”:
unidentified KGB source U.K. line [West Venona]
Otto,
Archduke (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Oumansky,
Constantine: See Konstantin Umansky.
“Ours”
[Svoi] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet citizens on
assignment, 1941.
“Outpost”
[Forpost] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Earl W. Flosdorf,
1937-1943.
Ovakimian,
Gai: “Gennadi” [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Ovakimian:
See Ovakimyan.
Ovakimyan
( Ovakimian ), Gaik: “Gennadi” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Ovakimyan
( Ovakimian ), Gaik Badelovich: “Gennadij” / “Gennady” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ovakimyan,
Gayk Badalovich: Soviet intelligence officer, chief of the KGB legal station in
the U.S. from the late 1930s until arrested and expelled in 1941. (Alternative translation: Ovakimian) Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Gennady”. Work name with Alfred Slack:
“George”. Pseudonym: Aleksandr Osipov.
Overchuk
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Overshiner,
Virginia: See Virginia Cogswell.
“Ovespyan”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
OVIR:
Otdel viz i registratsy — Visa and Registration Office.
“Ovod”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gadfly”.
OWI:
Ratsiya: “Radio Station” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
XXP
P.
Osipeko (ship) [source Venona]
P-70
(U.S. aircraft) (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Pa”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent,
1945. Likely Richard Lauterbach. Identified as a source at Time magazine
and a former Moscow correspondent. “Pa”
was identified in the Venona decryptions as Richard Lauterbach, Time
journalist and former Moscow correspondent.[362]
“Pa”:
Lauterbach, Richard (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pa...,
Antonio (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pacelli,
Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni: Pope Pius XII.
“Padua”
or “Padva”: unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Padua’s”
wife or “Padva’s” wife: unidentified
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Page”
[Pazh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lauchlin Currie,
1942-1948. [Page as in a knight’s
pageboy]. “Page” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Currie.[363]
“Page”
[Pazh]: Lauchlin B. Currie, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Paige,
?: Jacob Golos recommended Paige for recruitment for technical intelligence in
1942.
“Painter”:
[Malyar]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pair”
/ “Couple” [Cheta]: Fisher, Nicholas
and Maria (KGB U.S. line) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Pal”
[Pel] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nathan Gregory Silvermaster,
1942 until August 1944. “Pal” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Silvermaster.[364]
“Pal” Pel: Nathan Gregory Silvermaster (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Pal”:
Silvermaster, Greg [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Palace”
[Dvorets] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Central Committee
All-Union Communist Party (bolshevik), 1941-1944.
“Palata”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chamber”.
“Paleev,
?: Described as the leader of a Russian theater troupe, 1920s.
“Palm”:
Eliacheff, Boris (KGB line) [source Venona]
Palmer,
?: Described as a former American intelligence agent, a detective in 1938, in
contact with Samuel Dickstein, and “known to us”.
Palmer,
Alexander Mitchell: U.S. Attorney General, 1919-1921. Initiated U.S. government crack-down on radical extremists in the
“Palmer raids”.
Palmer,
Frank: Soviet intelligence source/agent, early- to mid-1930s. Journalist and editor with with the
left-aligned Federated Labor Press.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Liberal”.
Palmer,
Richard: asking questions of Soviet agent “Julia", 1944 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Palom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as having gone
to Algeria in 1944.
Paloma,
Senator, former Governor of Yucatan: “Invention” [Izobretenie] (KGB Mexico City
line) [source Venona]
Pan
American Airlines.
“Pancake” Blin: Stone, Isidor Feinstein (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Pancake”
[Blin] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): I.F. Stone, 1936-1945.
Panchenko,
Gavriil: Soviet intelligence officer, late 1940s. Cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “August” and (likely) “Gabriel”.
Panov,
?: KGB officer, Moscow Center, 1940.
Panov,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Pan-Pacific
Trade Union Secretariat: Profintern-affiliated agency operating in Asia.
Panshin,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Georgievich: “Kirill” [KGB Bogota line] [source Venona]
Panteleev,
Bishop Alexis (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Panteleev,
Senior Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Pantsyrnyj,
Capt. (First Rank) Pavel A”.: Fink (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Pantyukhov,
Oleg: Founder of the Boy Scout movement in Russia and prominent anti-Communist
emigre.
Panyushkin,
Aleksandr Semenovich: Soviet Ambassador and station chief of the KGB legal
station, 1947. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Vladimir”.
Papanek,
Jan: Czech information office.
“Papen
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Papen,
Franz von: German political leader of the Catholic Center Party who
collaborated with the Nazi regime.
Papilov:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Papochka”:
Affectionate form of “Papa” in Russian.
“Paposhinskij”
[“Paposhinsky”]: Korchagin (KGB line) [source Venona]
Parahyba;
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Paramount
Pictures.
Pargeer,
Adam Polish Socialist on Polish
National Council in London, (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Park”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Charles Gurchot, 1944-1945.
“Park”:
U.S. Army General Staff [Joint Chiefs, presumably] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Park
and Davis company.
Park,
Willard: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Staff of the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of
her singleton espionage sources.[365]
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Mushroom”.
Parker,
George (pseudonym): Robert Allen.
Parkhomenko,
Georgij [Georgy] Mikhajlovich: Mikhail (KGB line) [source Venona]
Parlanti,
Parlantino (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Parp,
Willard (misspelling): See Park, Willard.
Pash,
Boris T. (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Pasha”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer, early 30s, oil expert.
“Pasha”
in Argentina (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Pasko,
Lt. Georgij [Georgy] Stepanovich, secretary to Soviet Naval Attache, DC: “Jim”
(Dzhim) (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Passov,
Zelman Isaevich: [Sometimes spelled Pasov in English] Head of KGB (NKVD)
foreign intelligence, 1938, arrested and later executed in Stalin’s purge of
his security services. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Reggie”, work name “Comrade Vasily”.
“Passy,
Col”: Andre Lucien Charles Daniel Dewavrin
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pastelniak,
Pavel: “Luka” [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Pastelnyak,
Pavel Panteleymonovich: Soviet intelligence officer. Used the pseudonym of Pavel Klarin when operating in the
U.S. Cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Luka”.
Pastelnyak,
Pavel (real name): Pavel Klarin [source Feklisov]
Pasterlyak,
Pavel Panteleimovich [Pastelniak], may be the birth name of Pavel Klarin. See Luka, Mikheev. [source Venona]
Pastoev,
Vsevelod Vladimirovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Pastor:
see “Herdsman”
“Pastukh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Herdsman”. (Alternative
translations: Pastor, Shepherd, Herder).
Pastukhov,
S. K.: Senior Soviet official, 1924.
Pastukhov
[Vladimir Pastuhov, in U.S. since 1941 on Czechoslovak diplomatic passport]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pasvolsky,
Leo (KGB line) [source Venona]
PAT:
acronym for Polish Telegraphic Agency (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pat
(party name): Duncan Lee’s party name and pseudonym used by Elizabeth Bentley
for him.
Pat
[unidentified name] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Patek,
Jan (real name) Soviet intelligence source/agent, late 1940s. Diplomat at the Czechoslovak embassy in
Washington. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Plucky”.
Pathy,
George S. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Paton:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Patriarch”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Patrick”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Patrick
[unidentified, GRU cipher clerk, DC}
“Patriots”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Patterson,
Edna Margaret: “Australian Woman”: Mitynen, Francia Yakilnila (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
Patterson,
Eleanor Medill (‘Cissy’): Publisher, Washington Times-Herald.
Patterson,
Gardner: Described as Treasury Department representatives in London, 1944.
Patterson
press (KGB line) [source Venona]
Patterson,
Robert: U.S Under Secretary of Secretary of War, 1940-45, then Secretary of
War.
Patton,
George S. [source Venona]
Patton,
James (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pauk” Spider: possibly Aleksandr Kasem-Bet?
Kasem-Beg? (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Paul'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Paul”. [Russians tend to treat Paul' as the rendering into
Russian Cyrillic of the German version of Paul as distinguished from Pol',
Russian Cyrillic rendering of the the French version of Paul.] Pavel is the Russian equivalent of the
Western European/Anglo Paul.
“Paul”:
Maxime Lieber [source Chambers Witness]
“Paul”
[Pol]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Paul”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Paul”
[Paul'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, 1948.
“Paul”
[Paul'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Peter Rhodes, 1941-1944.
“Paul”
[Paul']: (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Pseudonym treaded as a
cover name. Likely Maxim Lieber. “Paul” was used by a GRU agent who
approached Harold Glasser in 1940 in connection with “Karl’s” group. Whittaker Chambers identified “Paul” as
the pseudonym of Lieber and discussed has role in the party underground and as
part of GRU espionage activities.[366] Note that while Glasser reported he was
approached by “Paul” [Paul'], KGB officers in their summaries often
substituted “Pol” [Pol’] a Russian variant of Paul, for Paul',
the other Russian version of Paul.
Pauley,
Edwin W.: Head the U.S. delegation to the Allied Reparations Commission.
Pauley
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pauli,
W., physicist NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pav”
(“Anton)”: in 596 NY to Moscow, 1944, possibly Juan Garcia Reyes or Erich
Lapins (Anton may be Mexico City cover name and Pav is New York cover
name) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pavel”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lavrenty Beria, early 1940s. “Pavel” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified authoritative official at Moscow center.
“Pavel”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Yury Bruslov, late 1940s.
Pavel
in Moscow (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Pavlenko,
Evgenij [Evgeny] Vasilevich, Soviet aviation worker (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Pavlichenko,
Professor Thomas K. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pavlob”:
Lagov (KGB line) [source Venona]
Pavlov,
Vitaly: “Klim” [source Schecter Sacred
Secrets]
Pavlov,
Vitaly: KGB officer, Moscow center.
References to in 1940, 1942.
Pavlunovsky,
I.P.: Head of the chief military mobilization administration of the NKTP.
Pavlyuchenko:
“Ataman” (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Pazh”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Page”.
“Pazh”:
Page: Currie, Lauchlin B. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
PC:
People's Commissariat.
Peabody,
Major [source Venona]
“Peak”
Pik: Coe, Virginius Frank (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Peak”
[Pik] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Frank Coe. “Peak” appeared in the Venona messages as
Coe.[367]
“Pearl”
[Zhemchug] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1943.
Pearson,
Drew: Prominent Washington journalist.
Pearson,
Lester: Canadian political leader, foreign minister and prime minister.
“Peasant”
[Krestyanin] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Irena Browder, 1944.
Pebz,
Horst (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pecchio,
Eduardo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pechkovskaya,
Tsiliya Mikhailovna: Described as the sister of Savely Moroz.
“Pedro
”: Hernandez Tomas, Jesus (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Pedro”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Peer”
[Per] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Winston Churchill, circa
1944. “Peer” was identified as Churchill in the Venona decryptions.
“Peer”
[Per] (cover name in Venona): Winston Churchill.
Pekchio,
Eduardo: see Pequeño, Eduardo.
“Pel”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pal”.
“Pel”:
Pal: Nathan Gregory Silvermaster (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pelipenko,
Aleksy: Soviet intelligence informant.
Priest of Ukrainian National Church.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of Jacob Golos’s sources, via
Vladimir Stepankowsky, on Ukrainian nationalist activities.[368]
Peluffo,
Orlando, General Foreign Minister of Argentina (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Pen”:
Pero: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Penney,
William (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Penter,
W: Described as member of the Michigan CPUSA Central Committee in late 1937.
People’s
Commissariat of the Fishing Industry (KGB line) [source Venona]
People’s
World (KGB line) [source Venona]
People's
Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, USSR (NKID): Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Syndicate”.
Pepper,
Claude: U.S. Senator (D. FL.) Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kane”.
Pepper,
Senator Claude: referred to with initial P. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pequeño,
Eduardo: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Businessman in Caracas, Venezuela.
(The Russian transliterates as Pekchio) Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Siskin”. “Siskin” appeared
in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent
in Central or South America.
“Per”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Peer”.
“Per” Peer: Churchill (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Perazich,
George: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Official of the Yugoslav section of the United Nations Relief and
Rehabilitation Administration.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of the Perlo espionage group.[369] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks (may be
a party name): “George” (1945).
“Perch” Okun: Tkach, Mikhail (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Perch”
[Okun] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1942-1944. Likely Mikhail
Tkach. “Perch” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Tkach.[370]
Perdigao,
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Pere
Pastor, Rudolfo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Perelman,
Morris. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Perepelkin,
?: Described as a Russian/Soviet aviation figure, once in the U.S. and known to
Col. Pierce as Mr. Perry of Pratt and Whitney.
(Spelling unconfirmed.)
Peric,
Ivan, Yugoslav and member of OSS mission to Yugoslavia in 1943 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Periphery”
[probably outside major cities in U.S.] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Perkins,
Francis: U.S. Secretary of Labor, 1933-1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Perkins,
Milo: New Deal administrator associated with Henry Wallace.
Perkins
of Philadelphia ordnance arsenal [source Venona]
Perl,
William: “Gnome” also “Yakov”/“Jacob” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Perl,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Aeronautical scientist working on advanced technology military
projects. Birth name Mutterperl. Member of Julius Rosenberg’s technical
intelligence apparatus. Identified in
the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[371] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Gnome” until September 1944, then “Yakov”.
Also a candidate for “Brahms”.
Perlo,
Helen Menaker: Wife (second) of Victor Perlo.
Helen Menaker Perlo was the niece of Robert Menaker, a Soviet
intelligence agent.
Perlo,
Katherine Wills: First wife of Victor Perlo.
See Katherine Wills.
Perlo,
Rachel: Mother of Victor Perlo.
Perlo,
Samuel: Father of Victor Perlo.
Perlo,
Victor: “Raider”/“Reyder” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Perlo,
Victor: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as the chief figure in the Perlo
espionage group. KGB sent Comintern a
vetting inquiry about him in 1944.[372] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Eck”
and “Raid”.
Perov,
Vasily Grigorevich: Russian painter, 19th century.
Perry,
Burton (Borton Perri): “Cedar” (KGB
line) [source Venona]
Perry,
Burton: Soviet intelligence source.
Perry was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source with
the cover name “Cedar” and having an older unidentified brother, also a Soviet
intelligence source, with the cover name “Sam”.[373] “Sam” is identified in Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks as Michael Bogart.
“Pers”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Persian”.
“Pers”:
unidentifed [source Venona]
“Perseus”
[Persey] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Mistake by Alexander
Vassiliev in the notebook for “Pers”/“Persian”.
“Perseus”
also “Mlad”/“Youngster” aka Arthur Fielding: unidentified Soviet source,
American physicist in the Manhattan Project.
Likely a faked composite by Vladimir Chikov and the SVR combining part
of the story of Theodore Hall with misdirection and distortion.[374]
“Persey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Perseus”.
Pershing,
General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Persian”
[Pers] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Russell McNutt starting in
September 1944. “Persian” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent with
attributes compatible with McNutt.[375]
“Persian”
[Pers] (cover name in Venona): unidentified.
“Persistent”
(cover name in Venona): unidentified, San Francisco KGB 1944
Pervukhin,
Mikhail: Vice-Chairman of the Soviet Council of Peoples Commissars.
“Peshekhonov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer in Prague,
1957.
Petain,
Henri Philippe: Leader of the French Vichy regime.
Pete
also Keith: photographer for Chambers [source Chambers Witness]
Peter:
Bykov, Boris [source Chambers Witness]
“Peter”:
Thomas L. Black, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Peter”
[Piter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Thomas Black starting in
October 1944. “Peter” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Black.[376]
“Peter”
[Piter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jack Soble in early 1945.
“Peter”
[Piter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent of the New York KGB station in 1952.
“Peter”
[Piter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Paul Massing in 1939.
“Peter”
[Piter] (cover name/work name): Josef Peters, 1930s.
“Peter”
[Piter] (first name used as a cover name): Peter Rhodes, 1944.
Peterlongo,
Silvio (cp) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Peters,
J., also know as: Isidore Boorstein, Alexander Goldberger, Steve [source
Chambers Witness]
Peters,
Josef: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Senior CPUSA official and head of its covert arm from 1932 to 1938. Also known as Peter, J. Peters, Joseph
Peters, Alexander Stevens, Sandor Goldberger, Silver, Isidore Boorstein, Steve,
Steve Lapin, and Steve Miller. On Whittaker Chambers’ 1939 Berle list.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[377] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Storm” as well as work names/cover names “Peter” and “Steve”.
“Peterson”:
unidentified, suspected American competitor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Peterson,
Maurice: British ambassador to the USSR, 1948.
“Petr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1945.
“Petr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Described as a “White: who reported to
American military intelligence on Soviet espionage.
“Petr”:
Grachev, Aleksandr Petrovich, Fifth Line
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Petr”:
unidentified cover name [Not Grachev], Pravdin’s assistant in 1945 (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Petr”:
unidentified in New York (KGB line) [source Venona]
Petroff,
Aleksandr N., of Curtiss-Wright Aircraft Corp.: “Ferro”/ “Fin” also “Kil” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Petroff,
Alexander N.: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Employee of Curtiss-Wright Aircraft Corporation. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[378] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Keel”
until October 1944, then “Ferro”.
Petroleum
Administration for War, U.S.: wartime agency.
Petroleum
Reserve Corporation: Wartime government corporation affiliated with the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation.
Petronovic:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Petropavlovsk:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Petropavlovsk
(ship) [source Venona]
“Petrov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Very senior offical at Moscow Center,
1944, cited as highly interested in “Enormous”. Likely Lavrenty Beria.
“Petrov” was identified in the Venona decryptions on the U.S.-Moscow
line as a senior official at Moscow Center and on the Mexico City line as
Lavrenty Beria. Beria also supervised
the Soviet atomic bomb program.
“Petrov
”: Beria, Lavrentij [Lavrenty] Pavlovich (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Petrov”:
Beria, Lavrenti [Lavrenty] [West Venona]
“Petrov”:
redacted , probably Aleksandr Petroff (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Petrov”:
unidentified KGB in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Petrov”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Petrov”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Petrov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Petrov,
A.: manager of the Amtorg engineer department, suspected of plans to defect
1932.
Petrov,
Evgeny: Soviet writer who toured the U.S. in 1935-1936.
“Petrov”
on Tsiolkovskij [Tsiolkovsky] (ship): Boevoj [Boevoy] (KGB line) [source
Venona]
Petrov:
see Petroff.
Petrov,
Sergey: Chief of aircraft section of Amtorg, 1930.
Petrov,
Vladimir M.: KGB officer at its Canbera station, defected to Australia in 1954.
Petrovsky,
?: Described as manager of GUAP in the U.S.
Petrovsky,
D.: Described as official of the Chief Administration for the Training of
Industrial Cadres.
Pettigrew,
M.W.: Senior American officer, U.S. Military Mission, Moscow.
“Petya”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pevets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Singer”.
“Peyzazh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Landscape”.
Pezenti,
?: Described as Italian Deputy Minister of Finance, 1944.
Pezet
(Pezey) (Pesez), Jean (Zhan Peze) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
PGU:
Pervoe Glavnoe Upravlenie – First Chief Directorate, KGB’s foreign intelligence
arm.
“Phil” Fil: unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Philby,
Harold Adrian Russell ‘Kim’: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Senior British SIS officer. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sohnchen”.
Philip,
Andre (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Philip”
[Filip] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Senior KGB headquarters
officer, late 1930s.
“Philip”
(Filipp): unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Philips,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Philips,
returned U.S. diplomat to India, [source Venona]
Phillips,
Emma: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Cora”. “Cora” was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent but whose real name was redacted.[379]
Phillips,
Tracy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Phillips,
William: Senior American diplomat,
Under Secretary of State, 1933-1936.
Philoon,
Wallace Copeland: Described as U.S. Assistant Military Attache at Peking,
China, 1923.
“Philosopher”
Filosof : unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Phlox” Floks: Rose Olsen: unidentified cover name
[female, married] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Phlox”
[Floks] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Rose Olsen in 1944.
“Photon” (Foton): Pritomanov, Leonid G. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Photon”
[Foton] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ivan Kamenev. In the Venona decryptions “Photon” was
identified as the cover name of Leonid G. Pritomanov, likely Kamenev’s
diplomatic pseudonym.
Physical
Fitness Enthusiasts [Fizkul'turniki]: See “Gymnasts”.
“Physician”
[Vrach] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Julius Hammer, 1950.
“Physician”
[Vrach] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Eugene Dennis in 1945.
Physics
Institute of the AN USSR (Ukraninan Soviet Socialist Republic).
Piasetskaya,
Adelia: Described as married to a Canadian and allowed to enter the U.S.
“Pick”
[Pik]: see Peak.
Pickhardt,
Captain Adolf von Scheven, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Pier, Joaquin Olaso (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pier”
[Pirs] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent recruited 1928 then contact lost early 30s.
Pierce,
Colonel ?: Soviet intelligence source/agent, financial motivation, aviation
source. Described as age 50 in 1933.
Once identified as as having the cover name “S-II” but this is a error or an
overlap with the “S-2”/”S-II” identified as a female secretary in naval
aviation, Department of the Navy.
“Pierre”:
Leonid Eitingon [source Sudoplatov]
Pigman,
William Ward: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Staff member of the U.S. Bureau of Standards. Identified by Chambers as a
source/agent. Under FBI questioning in
the late 1940s Pigman denied having delivered material to Chambers but admitted
he had met on several occasions in 1936–1938 with David Carpenter, Chambers's
assistant. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “114th”.
“Pik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Peak”.
“Pik”
“Pick”, “Peak”: Coe, Virginius Frank
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pika,
Ivan Matveevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Pike,
James: Described as New York Police official involved in antiradical
activities.
“Pike”
[Shchuka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, scientific-technological intelligence, mid-30s,
avoided contact in 1942.
Pike,
Sumner T.: Member of the U.S. Atomic
Energy Commission, 1946-51.
Pilipenko,
Ivan Ilich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Pillar”:
Stolp: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pillar”
[Stolp] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1936, providing information on the Far East. “Pillar” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1944 but it is unclear
if this is the same person as “Pillar” of 1936.[380]
“Pilot”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ludwig Ullmann after September 1944. “Pilot” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Ullmann.[381]
“Pilot”:
also Polo: Ullmann, William Ludwig (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pilsudski,
Jozef (Józef Piłsudski): Polish nationalist, chief of Polish forces in its
war for independence, first Chief of State (1918–1922) and dictator (1926–1935)
of the Second Polish Republic.
Pilyar,
?: Soviet official, 1924.
Pinchot,
Gifford: Governor of Pennsylvania, 1931-1935.
“Pink”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Likely David R. Wahl. Described as employed by the Foreign
Economic Administration during WWII and after WWII, working at the American
Jewish Conference and as executive secretary of American for Haganah. All of these attributes fit Wahl.
Pinkus,
?: Described as station chief of German intelligence in New York who recruited
Ilya Durmashkin in 1927.
Pinsly,
William, employee of Curtiss-Wright, Williamsville, NY,: “Cork” also “Makov”
also “Nemo” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pinsly,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent at Curtiss-Wright aircraft.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[382] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Nemo”.
“Pioneer”
[Pioner] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Gnedin.
Pioneer
Publishers: Publishing house aligned with the American Trotskyist movement.
“Pioner”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pioneer”.
“Pirs”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pier”.
Pirverdyan,
Arakel Samsonovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Pishchevaya (ship) [source Venona]
Pishchevaya
Industriya (ship) [source Venona]
Piskunov,
Sergej [Sergey] Aveianovich Colonel, chief of Aviation department of Mlitary
division of SGPC, DC [source Venona
“Piter”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Peter”.
Piterskij
[Pitersky]: unidentified name eighty-five, #85: unidentified name cp (NGRU
line) [source Venona]
Pitersky,
Nilkolaj Alekseevich Pitersky, in convoy office in U.S.: “Levin” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pitovranov,
Yevgeny Petrovich: Senior KGB officer, Moscow Center.
PK:
Perlyustratsiya Korrespondentsii — screening of correspondence.
“Plant”:
Zavod: Soviet Union Consulate (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Plant”
[Zavod] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): USSR consulate in New
York.
Platkips
(probably error for Plotkins) Lieutenant, U.S. interpreter (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
“Plato” Platon: Pozner, [Posner] Vladimir Aleksandrovich,
U.S. War Department (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Platonov,
Ivan Alekseevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Plavnik,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent, courier, talent spotter, early 1930s. Described as insurance agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Carpenter”.
Playfair,
Edward: Senior official in Britain’s Treasury ministry.
Plechko,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Plenka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Film”.
Pleven,
Rene (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pleyel:
See Amsterdam-Pleyel movement.
Plotkins,
Lieutenant Maurice Frank [Platkips in text], Lieutenant, U.S. interpreter,
staff of Erdman (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Plotnik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Carpenter”.
Plourde,
William: A deciphered KGB cable suggested that William Plourde, an engineer at
Bell Aircraft, was a KGB source but no cover name for him was given. William Plourde is a candidate for
“Thomas”/“Brother”, a Soviet aviation source.[383]
Plourde,
William Alfred, engineer with Bell in Buffalo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Plucky”:
Smelyj: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Plucky”
[Smel'y] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jan Patek.
“Plumb”:
Lot [Russian for sounding lead or plumb]: Charles Kramer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Plumb”
[Lot] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Orlov, circa 1938.
“Plumb”
[Lot] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Charles Kramer, 1944. “Plumb” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Kramer.[384]
“Plumb”
[Lot] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
contact. Described as being cultivated
by Julius Rosenberg in 1948 and who headed a small group of secret Communist
students at a college. Maxwell
Finestone is a candidate for “Plumb”.
“Pluto”
[Pluton] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Recruited in Paris. References to in 1948.
“Pluton”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pluto”.
PM: Leftist New York newspaper.
Podolsky,
Boris: Soviet intelligence source.
Theoretical physicist. Cover
name in Vassiliev notebooks: “Quantum”.
“Podruga”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Girl Friend”.
“Podryadchik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Contractor”.
“Podryadchik”:
Contractor: Alexander Saffian (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Podzieny
(newspaper) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Poet”:
Viertel, Berthold or Brecht, Berthold (KGB line) [source Venona]
Poganin,
probably error for Pogonin or a cover name (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Pogonin,
Vladimir Illarionovich, Purchasing Commission, Ru Moryakov [Ru Moryakov”:
Razvedyvatelnoe Upravelenie Moryakov, Naval GRU] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Pohoretsky,
M, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pokrovsky,
Georgy Petrovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. References to in 1949. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Sasha”.
Pokrovsky,
Yakov (Jacob) Lvovich: Russian refugee, associate of the Soviet illegal
“Smith”.
“Pol'”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Pol”. Russian variant of the name Paul.
“Pol” “Pol'” “Paul”: unidentified cover name
associated with “Ales” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pol” “Pol'” “Paul”: unidentified cover name
associated with South American operations (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pol”
[Pol'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Likely Maxim Lieber. Harold Glasser in 1940 reported to the KGB
that in 1940 he was approached by “Paul”, who claimed to be recontacting
members of “Karl’s” (Whittaker Chambers’) GRU-linked mid-1930s group of which
Glasser had been a part. While Glasser
reported he was approached by “Paul” [Paul'], KGB officers in their
summaries often substituted “Pol” [Pol’] a Russian variant of Paul. Whittaker Chambers identified “Paul” as the
pseudonym of Lieber and discussed has role in the party underground and as part
of GRU espionage activities.[385]
“Pol”
[Pol'](cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source described as being used “in the dark” by “Guard” and being
prepared to be send to France by a U.S. agency on an intelligence mission in
1943.
“Pol-2”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Likely “Friends of the Soviet Union”
organization.
“Polack”
[Polyak] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, XY line.
References to in 1944.
Pole,
Dewitt, The Chief of the Nationalities
branch of the IZBA [OSS] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Polecat” (Polecats)
“Khorek”: Trotskyist (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Polecat” (Polecats)
Trotskyist (KGB U.S. line) [source Dmitri Volkogonov papers]
“Polecats”
[Khor'ki] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Trotskyists. “Polecats”
were identified in the Venona decryptions as Trotskyists.
Poletayev,
M.: Director of Tsentrosoyuz in America, 1926.
Political
Affairs: Theoretical/ideological journal
of the CPUSA.
Pollak,
Oskar of Austrain party (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pollitt,
Harry: Chief of the British Communist Party (CPGB) in the 1930s and 1940s.
Pollock,
Frederick: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Pollock,
James Kerr, philosopher from Ann Arbour (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Polo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ludwig Ullmann until August 1944. “Polo” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Ullmann.[386]
“Polo”:
also Pilot: Ullmann, William Ludwig (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Polpred.:
Russian abbreviation for plenipotentiary representative, i.e. ambassador.
Poltava
(ship) [source Venona]
Poluyanov,
Aleksandr Nikolaevich of SGPC (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Polyak”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Polack”. Polyak is more formally translated as “the Pole” or “Pole”
in the sense of someone from Poland.
However, there is another cover name, “Polyus”, that translates
as “Pole” in the sense of an electric or magnetic pole. To minimize confusion, “Polyak” is
here translated as the less formal “Polack”.
“Polyakov”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Polyakov,
I.: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Polyakov
(ship) [source Venona]
“Polyus”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Electric Pole”. (Polyus is a pole in the sense of an
electric or magnetic pole and is the cover name of a technical espionage
source. To minimize confusion with Pole
as someone from Poland, “Polyus” is here translated as “Electric
Pole”.)
“Pomar”:
member of Pomar family, possibly Fausto Pomar Aguilar, Secretary-General of the
Society of the Soviet union, sister Teresa Pomar, married to Rafael Carrillo,
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Pomerance,
Josephine: Unaware source of Soviet intelligence agent “Grin”/Spivak. Daughter of Maurice and Alma Wertheim. Niece of
Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, jr. (Alma Wertheim was his
sister).
“Poney”
[Poni] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1948.
“Poni”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Poney”.
Ponomarenko,
Petr (KGB line) [source Venona]
Pons,
Lily: French-American operatic soprano.
Pontecorvo,
Bruno”: Mlad [source Sudoplatov]
“Pool”:
British Embassy, U.S. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Pop”
or “Priest”, agent recurited by Abraham Einhorn in U.S. [source Damaskin Harris]
Pope,
Frederick: President of Standard Aniline Products Corporation, partner in the
international investment firm of Pope & Richardson, and a consulting
engineer to the chemical industry. Also know as Colonel Frederick Pope.
“Popen”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Popitz,
Nazi Finance minister, Prussia, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Poputchiki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fellow Travelers”.
Popyrev,
?: Described as Amtorg official, 1920s.
Poretsky,
Elisabeth: wife of Ignace Poretsky (also known as Ignace Reiss). Nickname “Elsa”.
Poretsky,
Ignace: Senior KGB officer, defected in Western Europe in 1937 and murdered by
KGB operatives. Also known as Ignacy
Poretsky, Ludvig Poretsky, Natan Poretsky, and Ignace Reiss. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Raymond”.
Porfire,
Walter (pseudonym): Described as a pseudonym used by Walter Krivitsky in 1940.[387]
Portable
Radio Set (Ratsiya): See “Radio Station”.
Portable
Radio Transmitter (Ratsiya): See “Radio Station”.
“Portable
Two-Way Radio” (Ratsiya): See “Radio Station”.
“Porter”:
unidentified GRU source U.K. line [West Venona]
Porter,
Paul (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Portnov,
Alexander: Russian sculptor who lives in Philadelphia. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ali”.
Porubov,
Roman Deevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Posrednik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Intermediary”.
Post,
Richard: State Department offcial. On
the Lee list of DOS security cases.
Described as a contact of Harold Glasser in 1945.
“Postman”:
unidentified function (KGB line) [source Venona]
Potemkin,
Dmitrij [Dmitry] Mikhaylovich, assistant Tass rep in Mexico City”: Vega (KGB
Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Poteshkin,
?: Soviet ambassador in Rome, 1930.
Potrubach,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Poultry
Dealer”: unidentified source GRU U.K. line [West Venona]
Poverman,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Powell,
Webster Clayton”: possibly Chambers’ Egmont Gaines? [source Chambers Witness]
“Power”:
Pauer: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Poyntz,
Juliet Stuart: Founding member of the CPUSA, directed its women's department
and the New York Workers School in the 1920s, and on the staff of the Friends
of the Soviet Union and International Labor Defense. In 1934 she dropped out of
open party activities and into Soviet intelligence work. She disappeared from her New York City
residence in 1937 and a police investigation turned up no clues to her fate.[388]
Pozner,
Ellen: Kagan, Ellen: sister of Vladimir Pozner (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pozner,
[Posner] Vladimir Aleksandrovich, U.S. War Department,: Platon / “Plato” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pozner,
Vladimir: Russian working in East German film in mid-1950s. In World War II Pozner had been a Soviet
intelligence source in the United States.[389]
Pozner,
Victoria: Victoria Mercanton-Spiri: Toto (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
PP:
Unknown Soviet entity.
Prastalo,
Branco (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Prater,
J. E.: Described as a FBI agent, 1942.
Prato,
Carlo A.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Pratt, Gertrude, wife of Elliot Pratt (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Pratt
and Whitney Company.
Pravda
(ship) [source Venona]
Pravdin,
Vladimir: aka Abbiate, Rolan: “Sergei” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Pravdin,
Vladimir Sergeevich: Soviet intelligence officer. Also known as Roland Abbiate and Rossi. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence
officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sergey”.
Pravdin,
Vladimir Sergaevich of Tass, in U.S. 19 Oct 1941 to Autume 1943, and Jan 1944
to 11 March 1946: Sergej / “Sergey” / Sergei / Sergius (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pravdina,
Olga Borisovna: Wife of KGB officer Vladimir Sergeevich Pravdin. Also known as Olga Pravdin. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Lucia” and “Shura”.
Pravdina,
Olga, Vlad Pravdin’s wife (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Pravdyuk,
Vasilij [Vasily] Vasilievich, Secretary to Soviet Naval Attache from May 1943”:
Twist (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Prepodavatelnitsa”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Female Teacher”.
“Preserve”:
an unidentified atomic bomb facility (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Preserve”
[Zapovednik] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Los Alamos Manhattan atomic project facility in February
1945. “Preserve” was identified in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified
Manhattan atomic project facility but possibly Los Alamos.
“President”
[Prezident] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Dodd, William, jr.,
1939-1948.
“Press”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pressman,
Lee (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Pressman,
Lee: Soviet intelligence contact/agent.
Government attorney and chief legal advisor to the CIO. Identified by Chambers as a member of the
original “Ware group” covert CPUSA unit.[390] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Vig”.
Prestes,
Carlos; (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Prestes,
Luís Carlos: Brazilian Communist leader.
“Prezident”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “President”.
“Price”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Price,
Mary: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Identified in the Venona decryptions as
a Soviet source/agent. Identified by
Elizabeth Bentley as one of her singleton espionage sources.[391] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kid”
(early 1941), then “Dir” (late 1941 to August 1944), “Cat” (August 1944), and “Zone” (starting in September 1944).
Price,
Mary Wolfe: “Dir” / Dear also “Arena”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Price,
Mary Wolfe: “Dir” / Dear also
“Kid” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Price,
Mildred: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secret Communist. Sister of Mary
Price. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley
as a talent spotter and source for the Golos/Bentley apparatus.[392] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Cio”
(1944) and “Dorothy” (1944).
Price,
W. Z.: Described as an FBI agent, 1942.
Priest
or Pop, U.S. agent of Abraham Einhorn [source Damaskin Harris]
Prieto,
Dr. Luis Beltram (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Prieto,
Indalecio, Spanish Socialist leader (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Prigarin,
Alexis V.: Chairman of Amtrog, 1926.
“Prince”:
Duggan, Laurance [source Venona]
Prince,
Frank (real name). Investigator employed by the Jewish Anti-Defamation League
to research anti-Semitic, Nazi, and Fascist organizations. Also worked for the U.S. House’s
McCormack-Dickstein or Special Committee on Un-American Activities.
“Prince”
[Knyaz'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Laurence Duggan, after
September 1944. “Prince” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Duggan.[393]
Pritomanov,
Leonid G.: Soviet diplomat with the cover name “Photon” in the Venona
decryptions. May be the diplomatic
pseudonym for Ivan Kamenev.
Pritomanov,
Leonid G.: “Foton” / “Photon” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Pritt,
D. N.: Left Socialist British politician. As a Labour Party member of
Parliament he urged an alliance with USSR.
Expelled from the Labour Party in 1940 due to his support for the Soviet
invasion of Finland.
Privalon,
Evgenij [Evgeny] Mikhajlovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Private”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Priyatel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Buddy”.
“Priyatel” “Friend”: Lange, Oscar (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Priyut”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Shelter”.
“Priyut” Shelter: UNRRA (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Probationers”
[Stazhery] (cover name/tradecraft term in Vassiliev’s notebooks): KGB
sources and agents, 1930s, early 1940s, later replaced by “Masters”. A probationer was someone who was not a
professional KGB officer but who was knowingly undertaking some task for the
KGB. (Alternative translation: intern)
“Probationers”:
Soviet intelligence agent, appears to be not a Soviet professional KGB
intelligence officer. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Processing”
[Oformleniye] (tradecraft term): KGB term covering gathering background
information, cultivating, vetting, and, if indicated, eventually preparing for
recruitment a person of interest.
“Prodavets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Vendor”.’ (Alternative translation:
Seller)
“Prodavets”:
Salesman: KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Prodesco:
Product Exchange Corporation, predecessor to Amtorg.
“Professor”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent, NY station, ran
covert radio. References to in 1934.
“Professor”:
Rose, Frederick Australian line [West
Venona]
“Professor”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Profintern:
Russian acronym for the Red International of Labour Unions, Comintern’s trade
union affiliate.
“Profsoyuz”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Trade Union”.
Prokhorov,
Aleksej [Aleksey] Nikolaevich: “Leonid” (KGB U.S. line and Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Prokhorov,
Aleksey Nikolaevich: Soviet intelligence officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Leonid”.
Prokofyev,
?: Described as a Soviet official, 1927, concerned with economic matters.
“Prometey”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Prometheus”.
“Prometheus”
[Prometey] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): File connected to the
Hammer family.
Pronsky,
D.N.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1960.
Protsenko,
Aleksej [Aleksey] Emelyanovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Provinces”
[Provintsiya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Latin America / South
America. “Provinces” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Latin America.
“Provinces”:
Latin America (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Provintsiya”:
See “Provinces”.
Prudnikov,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center. References to in 1939, 1941,
1948.
Pshenichny,
P.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center, 1939.
Psittacosis:
Parrot fever, regarded as potential bacteriological weapon.
“Ptenets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fledgling”.
Public
Works Administration (PWA): New Deal work relief agency.
Puerto
Rican (ship) [source Venona]
Pulechka:
A Russian card game.
“Purser”:
Kaznachej: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Purubov,
Roman Sergeevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Push
Button ”: Bell, Nancy, sister of Kitty Harris (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Pushkov”:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Putnam,
?: Described as a chemist who gave Jacob Golos of the CPUSA his scientific
paper on how to extract gold from sea water and asked him to send it to
USSR. Possibly G. L. Putnam.
Puzzle
[Zagadka]: See “Riddle”.
Pyatiletka
(ship)
Pyatnitsky,
Osip: Leading Bolshevik and VKP(b) representative on the ECCI. Executed in 1938 in Stalin’s Terror.
XXQ
“Quantum” Kvant: unidentified] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Quantum”
[Kvant] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source,
atomic information, 1943. Likely Boris
Podolsky. “Quantum” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source who in
mid-1943 provided detailed information about the gaseous diffusion method of
separating U-235 from U-238, an early achievement of the Manhattan atomic
project.[394] Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks do not
directly provide a real name for “Quantum” but, along with corroborating what
was in the Venona decryptions, add these identifying details that identify
Podolsky.
“Queen”
[Ferz'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, recruited in 1940, out of contact early 1941.
“Quid”
[Kvid] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Engelbert Broda in 1945.
“Quiroga,
Casares (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
XXR
R.
[“R”] [RR]: unidentified illegal (KGB line) [source Venona]
“R’s
wife” (“Richard’s wife”): Anne Terry White.
R.A.
[K.A.] and RA [KA]: Red Army.
“Rab”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Slave”.
Rabbit:
See “Hare”.
“Rabin”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Rabinovich,
Grigory L.: Medical doctor and KGB officer sent to the U.S., 1933-1939, under
Russian Red Cross cover to supervise penetration of the Trotskyist
movement. Also known as Gregory
Rabinowitz and Gregory Rabinowich.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Beam” (1933-1934) and “Harry”
(1937-1939).
Rabinowich,
Gregory: See Rabinovich, Grigory.
Rabinowitz,
Gregory: See Rabinovich, Grigory.
Rabis:
Union of Art Workers, USSR.
Rabkin,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Rachel”:
unidentified source in Europe [West Venona]
“Rachel’s
people” in Brussels (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rachmaninoff,
Sergey: Russian composer and pianist.
Racotta,
Alexandru, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Radek,
Karl: Bolshevik leader and Cominternist.
Arrested in Stalin’s Terror in 1937 and died in the GULAG.
Radio
Corporation of America: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Hydro”.
“Radio
Station” [Ratsiya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Initially
“Donovan’s Committee”, i.e., the Office of the Coordinator of Information, in
late 1941 and the first half of 1942.
After the Office of the Coordinator of Information was split into OSS
and OWI in June 1942, “Radio Station” became the cover name for OWI while “Cabin”
became the cover name for OSS. “Radio
Station” was identified in the Venona decryptions as OWI.
“Radio
Station” or perhaps “Wireless” [Ratsiya]: OWI
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Radio
Announcer”: see “Announcer”.
“Radio
Announcer” “Radio-Announcer” [Diktor]:
William Donovan: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Raduga”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rainbow”.
Raev,
Aleksandr Andreeevich: Soviet intelligence officer. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a KGB officer with the
cover name “Light”. Possibly the
pseudonym of KGB officer Alexander Rogov.[395] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Light”.
Raev,
Aleksandr Andreevich: “Svet” / “ Light” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rafail”:
Luis Arenal (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Raid”
[Reyd] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Victor Perlo. “Raid” (as “Raider” [Reyder] rather
than “Raid”) was identified in the Venona decryptions as Perlo. The difference between Venona’s “Raider” and
“Raid” given in Vassiliev’s notebooks is likely a matter of Venona code
breakers making a minor error in reconstructing the KGB code book.
“Raider” Reyder: Victor Perlo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Railway
Worker”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rain,
Bill: Enos Wicher’s party name in Wisconsin. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Raina,
Andrey Ivanovich: Senior Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center
1948-1950. Served in the U.S. earlier.
“Rainbow”
[Raduga] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Espionage project
targeting radar.
Rainey,
Henry T.: U.S. Representative, 1923-1934 (D. IL).
Rajk,
Laszlo: Senior Hungarian Communist leader executed in a Stalin-era purge by the
Communist regime in Hungary in 1949.
Ralph
Waldo Emerson (ship) [source Venona]
Ram
[Taran]: see “Battering Ram”.
Ramirez,
General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ramirez,
Guillerma Atria, Chilean consul in LA, C.P. since 1939 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ramishvili,
Semen Spiridonovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Ramsay,
David: Described as a intelligence contact known to Victor Perlo in 1945.
“Ramsay”
or “Ramsey” [Ramzay]: NSA/FRI
footnote speculated it could be real name, that of Norman Foster Ramsey (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ramsay”
[Ramzay] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Clarence Hiskey. “Ramsay” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as a unidentifed target of recruitment associated with the Manhattan atomic
program in a context that would fit Hiskey.[396]
“Ramzay”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ramsay”.
Ramzin,
Leonid: Soviet professor of engineering accused in 1930 of being a key figure
in the [mythical] anti-Bolshevik “Industrial Party”.
Rand,
Esther Trebach: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent
targeted against Zionist and Jewish organizations.[397] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Aida”
until September 1944, then “Klo”.
Rand,
Esther Trebach: “Aida” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Randolph”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Randolph:
Pseudonym used by the American Communist Party representative to the Comintern.
Rankin,
John: U.S. Representative (D. MS).
Rapid
: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Rappoport,
Joseph (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rappoport,
Mrs. Joseph: “Lanya” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Ras”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Charles de Gaulle. “Ras” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as de Gaulle.
“Ras”:
Charles de Gaulle (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Rasin,
Celia: Jacob Golos’s wife. Also know as
Celia Raisin, Celia Raisen, and Celia Golos and in a Russianized form as Siliya
Samoylovna Golos.
Rasin,
Jacob: Surname used by Jacob Golos and his family in the U.S. Also known as Jacob Raisin.
Rasin,
S. (ship) [source Venona]
Rasin,
Samuel: Jacob Golos’s American-born son.
Also know as Samuel Raisin, Milton Golos and Dmitry Golos.
“Rasists”
[Rasisty] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Gaullists. “Rasists”
were identified in the Venona decryptions as Gaullists.
“Rasisty”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rasists”. The cover name in Russian, Rasisty, translates as Racists, but in
this case the cover name is derived from "Ras," the cover name for
Charles de Gaulle, and “Ras” is not a Russian word. “Rasisty”, then appears to be a pun based on de Gaulle’s cover
name.
Raspiska
(tradecraft term): See Signature.
Rastvorov,
Yury A.: KGB officer at its Tokyo station, defected in 1954 to the U.S.
“Rat”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Rats”:
Zionists (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Rats”
[Krysy] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Zionists in particular but applied broadly to Jewish ethnic
organization that were not under Communist leadership. “Rats” were identified in the Venona
decryptions as Zionists and Jews.
“Ratsiya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Radio Station”. (Alternative translations: Portable Radio
Transmitter, Portable Radio Set, Portable Two-Way Radio.) “Ratsiya” was translated in the Venona
decryptions as “Radio Station”. While not
the preferred translation, “Radio Station” is used here to conform to the Venona
precedent.
“Ratsiya”:
Radio Station: OWI (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Rausching,
Hermann (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Rawson, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ray,
George D. design engineer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ray”
/ Skat: also “Karl”: redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ray”
[Skat] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent, technical line, prior to October
1944, later changed to “Karl”. Very
likely William Stapler. As “Karl”
described as “chemical engineer at the Hercules Powder Company. With us since ’34”. “Ray” was identified in the Venona
decryptions but the real name was redacted by NSA.[398]
Raykhmanm
?: Deputy Chief, Second Chief Directorate of the MGB, 1946.
“Raymond”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ignace Poretsky, mid-1930s. Also known as Ignace Reiss. “Raymond” (as “Raimond”) is identified in
West and Tsarev as Poretsky/Reiss.
“Raymond”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Gold. Gold also used Raymond as a pseudonym with some of his sources.
“Raymond”:
Harry Gold, contact named used with Fuchs [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Rayner:
unidentified, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Razd':
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Razin:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Razin,
?: Soviet official, Soviet Government Purchasing Commission, friend of Lauchlin
Currie in 1942.
Razinovsky,
?: Russian in Washington.
RCA:
Radio Corporation of America.
Reader’s
Scope magazine.
Readers
Digest (KGB line) [source Venona]
Reber,
Sam: Described as a State Department official.
Reconstruction
Finance Corporation (RFC): U.S. government credit and investment agency.
Recordac
company.
“Rector”
[Rektor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): George Zlatowski.
Red
Army (R.A. and RA): Popular term for the “Workers and Peasants Red Army” until
the name change in 1946 to the Soviet Army.
Red
Cross.
Redacted
name in the Venona decryptions, a journalist born 1899, brother of a well know journalist born 1897, name also
redacted, likely the redacted names are Leon and Drew Pearson, (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Redacted
name in Venona, living in Cleveland (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Redacted
name in Venona, described as a Socialist Revolutionary to be recruited by COI
[source Venona]
“Redaktor”:
Umansky, Konstantin Aleksandrovich on the Mexico City and San Francisco lanes,
possibly “Seal” on New York lane. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Redaktsiya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Editorial Office”.
“Redaktsiya” Editorial Office: Tass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Redeker,
Nadine: Soviet intelligence source/contact of Elizabeth Bentley. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Youth”.
“Redhead” “Red head”: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Redhead”
[Ryzhaya] (female) (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Hede
Massing. “Redhead” occured in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified cover name in a context that suggests
that it was Massing and was later identified as Massing in retrospective NSA
histories.[399]
“Redhead”
[Ryzhy] (male) (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence contact in 1946 that appears to be in official diplomatic circles.[400] The cover name, “Ryzhy”, is the
masculin form of Readhead in Russian. “Ryzhaya”,
the feminine form of Redhead in Russian, is the cover name for Hede Massing.
Redin,
Nikolay Grigorevich: “Vladislav” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Redmont,
Bernard: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Staff of the Office of the Co-ordinator of Inter-American Affairs. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of
her singleton espionage sources.[401] Party name: Berny. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Mon”.
“Redzhi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Reggie”.
“Redzhi”:
Reggie [unidentified name] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Reed”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Reed
or Reid of WPB [source Venona]
“Reed”
[Rid] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): James H. Hibben, references
to in January-June 1945. Former cover
name “Solid”. “Reed” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified technical line source in November 1944
and is compatible with being Hibben.[402]
“Reed”
[Rid] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Dexter White,
references to in July-October 1945.
“Reed”
[Rid] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Richard Morros in 1950.
“Reefs” Rify
Rifi: Fisher, Nicholas and Maria (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Reese,
William Albert: Garble for Albert Reese Williams.
Reespan,
David: Described as a WPB official, 1945.
Reeves,
Admiral (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Ref”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Contact of Klaus Fuchs in Britian.
Refrigerator
II (ship) [source Venona]
“Reggie
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Reggie”:
Redzhi [unidentified name] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Reggie”
[Redzhi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Zelman Passov.
“Regina”
described as the real first name of the wife of “Mar”): “Mona” [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
Register
(party term): A person with official CPUSA membership was said to be on the
CPUSA “registry” or “register”. A
person said to be on a “special” or “secret” register was a official CPUSA
member but his or her membership was not with an ordinary party unit and the
secret member did not participate in regular party activities. Instead, the record of membership was know
to only select senior party cadre and dues were paid only to especially
designated liaison persons who kept in touch with the secret member.
Reichsluftshubtzbundt:
National Air Defense League: German civil air defense and air-raid warning
organization in the 1930s.
Reichswehr:
National Defense – title of the German army from 1919 until 1935, it was
renamed Wehrmacht (Defence Force).
Reidel,
?: Described as German military attache in Sweden who offered OSS information
on Soviet air power.
Reigh
Count (ship) [source Venona]
Reinhardt,
Gunther: Described as agent of Frank Prince of the Anti-Defamation League.
Reinhardt,
Max: Emigre German theatre director, ran a well-know acting school in New York.
Reinstein,
Boris: Born in Russian and exiled for political agitation at the turn of the
century. In 1901 he immigrated to the
U.S. and became active in Daniel De Leon’s Socialist Labor Party. When in Sweden in 1917 on an SLP mission, he
was won over to the Bolshevik cause and returned to Russia. Reinstein became Comintern official and
undertook a number of Comintern missions.
Reis
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Reiss,
Elsa (pseudonym): See Poretsky, Elisabeth.
Reiss,
Elsa, widow of Ignance Reiss, Elsa Bernaut (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Reiss,
Ignace (pseudonym): see Poretsky, Ignace.
Rejn,
Nikolay Midhajlovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rektor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rector”.
“Relative”
[Rodich] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1948.
Brother of “Godsend” and “Godfather”.
“Relay”
“Rele” Unidentified. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona][403]
“Relay”
[Rele] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Chmilevski prior to
September 1944. “Relay” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[404]
“Rele”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Relay”.
“Rembrandt”: Sancha Padros, Jose] [KGB Mexico
City and U.S. line] [source Venona]
Remington,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Economist with the War Production Board and Commerce Department. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of
her singleton espionage sources.[405] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Fedya”.
“Rench”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Wrench”.
“Rene”:
Valentine Ryabov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Reno,
Franklin Victor: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Also known as Vincent Reno.
Mathematician (statistician) at the U.S. Army Aberdeen Proving Grounds
working on advanced military technology.
On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those identified by Whittaker Chambers as
covert Communists who were espionage risks.
Confronted by the FBI, in 1949 he confessed that he had supplied
technical data to Chambers’ espionage apparatus in the mid-1930s. In 1952 he pled guilty to perjury and was
imprisoned for submitting deceptive information on his federal employment and
security applications.[406] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “118th”.
Renouveau:
French Jewish agricultural society.
Renown
(ship) [source Venona]
“Rentera
[unknown] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Repair”:
Mecader affair (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Repubican
party: “Bear Cubs” “Medvezhata” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Republicans
and Republican Party: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bear Cubs”.
Reputable
[Solidny]: See “Solid”.
“Reservation [Zapovednik]: See “Preserve”.
“Reservist”:
territorial colonel in Ministry of Supply, London, U.K. line [West Venona]
Resettlement
Administration: New Deal agricultural agency.
Residency
[Rezidentura] (KGB tradecraft term): See Station.
Resident
[Rezident] (KGB tradecraft term: See Station Chief.
“Rest”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Klaus Fuchs prior to October 1944. “Rest” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Fuchs.[407]
“Rest”:
Klaus Fuchs (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rest”:
Klaus Fuchs [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Rest”:
Klaus Fuchs [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Retterson,
Dorothy: Sister of Edward Fitzgerald.
Reubens,
Adolf: aka Donald Robinson (Robinson/Reubens case), pseudonyms of Arnold Ikal[408]
Reubens,
Mrs. Adolf: pseudonym of Ruth Boergers
(Robinson/Reubens case)
Revizorov,
Pavel: “Vitalij” [“Vitaly”] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Reyd”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Raid”.
Reyes,
Hector Paysse (KGB line) [source Venona]
Reyes,
Juan Garcia”: Al or Anton (Pav) in 596 NY to Moscow, 1944, possibly Reyes or
Erich Lapins (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Reyna”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Marion Bachrach. (“Reyna” is here transliterated and retained as the cover name without translation. Possible translations include: Reina, Rhine,
Rain, Rhein, and Rein.)
Reynan: See Ryan.
Reynolds,
?: Described as as aide to Secretary of Commerce Henry Wallace.
Reynolds,
John Hazard: Socially prominent and wealthy CPUSA sympathizer. President of U.S. Service and Shipping
Corporation, a cover business used by Elizabeth Bentley and Jacob Golos.[409] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Scott”, 1943-1945.
Rezident (tradecraft term): Resident, see Station Chief.
Rezidentura (tradecraft term): Residency, see Station.
“Rezner”:
Shatu (on ship Soviet) (KGB line)
[source Venona]
RGASPI:
Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History.
RGF,
radio call sign (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Rheiner,
Samuel: Hollywood producer.
“Rhine”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Rhodes,
Ione: Belgian-born wife of Peter Rhodes.
Rhodes
of Lend-Lease division of War Department [source Venona]
Rhodes,
Peter, OWI (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Rhodes,
Peter: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Journalist. The Comintern
archive contains a February 1940 coded cable from Rudy Baker, chief of the
CPUSA’s covert arm and liaison with Soviet intelligence, reporting Rhodes had
not gone to Bucharest, Rumania as planned earlier and, consequently, was unable
to make his scheduled contact there with Soviet agents. A year later, while conducting a
surveillance of Jacob Golos, liaison between KGB and the CPUSA, the FBI
observed him meeting with Peter Rhodes.
Elizabeth Bentley identified Rhodes as a KGB source with whom contact
was lost and reported KGB tasked her with attempting to restore contact via
Rhodes’ wife. Deciphered Venona cables
also documents attempts to restore contact with Rhodes in 1945.[410] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Paul”
and “Peter” (first name used as a cover name.)
Rhone
[Rona]: See “Rona”.
Ribbentrop,
Ulrich Friedrich Wilhelm Joachim von: Nazi foreign minister(KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Ribbentrop’s
Bureau (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ribbentrop-Molotov
Pact: Nazi-Soviet treaty of August, 1939.
Also known as Hitler-Stalin Pact.
Rich,
Stephan Sandi (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Richard”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Dexter White starting in September
1944. “Richard” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as White.[411]
“Richard”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, illegal, came with his wife to U.S. in 1939 from Harbin,
China.
“Richard”:
Adolf Reubens (of Robinson-Reubens) [source Chambers Witness]
“Richard”:
Harry Dexter White (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Richard”:
Harry Dexter White [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Richard”:
unidentified cover name may be a journalist and not White (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Richard
Alvey (ship) [source Venona]
“Richard”
on the GRU line: Bobrow, Robinson [source Venona]
“Richard”
[Rishar”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer, Paris, 1949.
Richardson,
Kenneth: “Condenser” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Richardson,
Kenneth: Soviet intelligence source/agent, technical line. Employee of World Wide Electronics. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent with the cover name “Condenser”.[412] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Condenser”.
Richelieu (ship) [source Venona]
Rickenbacker,
Eddie
“Rickshaw”
[Riksha] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Described as someone
connected to the “Nat’l Association of Amer. Industries”, 1946.
“Rid”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Reed”.
“Riddle”
[Zagadka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source. Described as
Senator Robert Wagner’s secretary.
Riddleberger,
James William: American diplomat Central and Southern European specialist.
“Riksha”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rickshaw”.
Rimsky-Korsakov,
Nikolay: Well-known Russian composer.
“Rina”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ruth Graze.
Ring
Tail: see “Hen Harrier”
Rinis,
Joseph A.: Member of “Vendor’s” CPUSA espionage group. Student at International Lenin School. CPUSA Maryland cadre. Active in FAECT.
Rinn,
Serfej (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rio”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Argentina crica 1944. “Rio” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Argentina.
“Rio
”: unidentified 1945 appears to be a cover name for a person but might be
Argentina (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Rio”:
Argentina 1943 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rios,
President (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Rishar”
[Rishar”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Richard”.
Riss,
Nat: Misspelling of Nat Ross.
“Rit”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rita”:
Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Described as used by Iskhak Akhmerov (along with the unidentified agent
“Valet”) in mid-1930s for surveillance
of “Leo” (Ludwig Lore) Candidates for
“Rita” include Hede Massing and Gerda Frankfurter.[413][414]
“Rita”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sylvia Callen starting in August 1944.
“Rita”:
Jacques Mornard aka Frank Jackson [Jacson] aka Mecader, or possibly the Mecader
affair (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rita”:
[probably E.N. Vaganova, traveling with Elena Nikitichna Kukin or possbily
Shushaeva or Tchelovekova also with her.] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ritchie,
Albert: Democratic governor of Maryland, 1920-1935.
Rivera,
Diego: Mexican muralist and radical.
Rivkin,
Ruth: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Staff of UNRRA. Roommate of
Helen Tenney. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as one of her singleton espionage sources.[415] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Flora”.
RKKA:
Raboche-Krest'yanskaya Krasnaya Armiya – Workers and Peasants Red Army,
popularly called the “Red Army”.
Official title of the USSR’s army until it was retitled the “Soviet Army” in 1946.
RKO:
Counterintelligence Department, GPU, 1924.
R.K.O.
Pictures
RKP:
Rossiyskaya Kommunisticheskaya partiya — Russian Communist Party.
“Robert”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nathan Gregory Silvermaster beginning in
August 1944. “Robert” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Silvermaster.[416] “Robert” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Silvermaster.
“Robert”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Rosenstein, early 1930s
“Robert”:
Gregory Silvermaster [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Robert”:
Gregory Silvermaster [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Robert”:
Gregory Silvermaster (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Robert”:
unidentified in KGB Moscow to NY 227 1945, appears to be connected to GRU and
may not be Silvermaster. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Roberts,
?: Described as counselor, British embassy, Washington, 1945.
Roberts,
Elena (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Roberts,
Holland: Secret Communist, Soviet intelligence contact. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Lion”.
Robertson,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Robeson,
Paul: Well-known pro-Soviet Black American singer.
Robin
Doncaster, Ship (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Robins,
Raymond: Prominent member of the American Red Cross commission in Russia at the
time of the Bolshevik coup, he later became an ardent defender of Soviet
policy.
Robinson,
Arthur H.: in R&A branch, OSS [source Venona]
Robinson,
Donald, pseudonym, aka Reubens, Adolf
(Robinson/Reubens case): Arold Ikal (real name)[417]
Robinson,
Geroid T.: Chief of OSS Russian analytic section.
Robinson,
Joseph: U.S. Senator, 1913-1937 (D. Ark).
Robinson,
Mrs. Donald: Reubens, Mrs. Adolf: Ruth Boergers (real name) (Robinson/Reubens
case)
“Rocco”
[Rokko] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, mid 1930s.
“Rock”
[Rok] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sol Leshinsky.
Rockefeller
Commission or Rockefeller Committee: Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American
Affairs headed by Nelson Rockefeller.
Rockefeller,
John D.: American businessman and philanthropist.
Rockefeller,
Nelson A. (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Rocko”
[Rokko]: See “Rocco”.
Rod
[Shtok]: See “Stock”.
“Rodich”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Relative”.
Rodina
(ship)
Rodionov,
K.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center.
Rodman,
Samuel Jacob, teacher, journalist, with UNRRA after WWII (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Rodney
(ship) [source Venona]
Rodregez,
Manuel Francis: Pseudonym used by Iosif Grigulevich.
“Rodstevennik”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions notebooks): See “Kinsman”.
“Rodstvennik”
/ “Kinsman”: also “Solidnjy” / Solid:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Roger”:
unidentified name, chief of the Institute: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Rogers,
Leighton, PR officer for Bell Aircraft and liaison with Soviets for Lend-Lease
matters (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rogers,
Pauline: Secret Communist, leader of the American League Against War and
Fascism in New York City. Associate of Elizabeth Bentley in her early
days in the CPUSA.[418] Also know as Pauline Rosen and Pauline
Royce.
Rogge,
O. John: Prominent liberal. Attorney
for David and Ruth Greenglass.
Rogov,
?: A unidentified Soviet described as having known Robert Capa in the Spanish
Civil War.
Rogov,
Alexander: “Svet” of Soviet military
intelligence [soruce Alexander Feklisov]
Rogov,
Alexander: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Identified by Alexander Feklisov
as the real name of KGB officer under diplomatic cover as Aleksandr Raev: cover
name “Light”.[419]
Rogov
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Rojo
Gomez, Javier: “Snow Leopard” / “Bars” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Rok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rock”.
“Rokko”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rocco”. (Alternative translation:
Rocko)
“Roland”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Recruited in Paris. References to in 1948.
Rollins,
?: Described as assistant to Virginia Cogswell.
Rollins,
Richard: Described as a intelligence source used by Samuel Dickstein and
investigator for the House Special
Committee on Un-American Activities (McCormack-Dickstein committee).[420]
“Rom”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, London, 1944.
“Roma”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Faye Glasser.
“Roman”
(cover name): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, 1943-1944. Likely Robert
Soblen. Described as a doctor and using
the party name Fred Carroll. “Roman”
was identified in the Venona decryptions as Robert Soblen.[421]
“Roman”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence agent, a
Volga German trained for dropping behind German lines in the USSR in 1941.
“Roman”:
redacted professor [West Venona]
“Roman”:
Robert Soblen (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Romanenko,
Alexander Ivanovich, employee of International Banking Corportation , Harbin
office of National City Bank, worked for John Curtis: K. for K.... initial of
cover name. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Romanian
Oil.
“Rona”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1942-44
period, identified as “Rose ?”. A
likely candidate for “Rona” is Rose Isaak, executive secretary of the American-Russian
Institute in San Francisco. Isaak was
identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Alternative translation: the French river
“Rhone”.
Ronnby,
?: Described as a German national in Moscow, 1924.
RONO:
Rayonny otdel narodnogo obrazovaniya — Regional Department of Public Education.
Roof
[Kryshi]: KGB jargon for cover for a covert activity.
Roosevelt,
Alice Longworth: Daughter of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Roosevelt,
Eleanor: Wife of President Franklin Roosevelt.
Roosevelt,
Elliott: Son of Franklin Roosevelt and a liberal activist.
Roosevelt,
Franklin D.: President of the United States.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Captain”.
Root,
Vladimir Nikolayevich: Brother of Olga V. Hammer. Name also given as Vladimir Vadimovich Root.
Root,
Yelena Anatolyevna: Wife of Vladimir Root.
Roper,
Daniel: U.S. Secretary of Commerce, 1933-1938.
Ropp,
Stefan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rosa”:
unidentified source, London KGB line [West Venona]
Rosal
Diaz, Amaro, Spanish pro-Communist Socialist: Cowboy (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Rose
?: Real given name of the real name behind the cover name “Rona”. Likely Rose Isaak.
Rose,
Fred: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Born in Poland and an activist in the Communist Party of Canada since
the mid-1920s, Rose had been imprisoned in 1930–1931 for sedition. As a result
of the Nazi-Soviet Pact, the CPC opposed Canada’s participation in the war
against Nazi Germany. After it was banned in 1940 as a disloyal organization,
more than a hundred of its leaders were interned. Rose, along with party leader
Sam Carr, secretly fled to the United States to avoid capture. After the Nazi
attack on the Soviet Union in 1941, the CPC reversed course and supported the
war effort. Rose surfaced and was briefly interned in 1942 for authoring
antiwar pamphlets during the Nazi-Soviet Pact period. He was released in October 1942 after signing an “Understanding”
that he would “do no act which might be of injury to the Dominion of Canada, of
the United Kingdom, or any of His Majesty’s Dominions, or any Allied or
Associated Powers”. GRU defector Igor Gouzenko’s materials showed that Rose had
at that point already volunteered his services to the GRU. Elected to Parliament in 1943 as a candidate
of the Labour-Progressive Party, as the Canadian Communist Party then called
itself, he was reelected in 1945. Gouzenko’s material identified Rose as
assisting GRU espionage, he was arrested tried, convicted and sentenced to six
years in jail, stripped of his parliamentary seat, and later deported to
Communist Poland. Identified by
Elizabeth Bentley as having connected Hazen Sise to the Golos/Bentley
apparatus.[422]
Rose:
See “Vardo”.
Rosenberg,
?: Identified as a Nazi agent by source “Fir”/Grace.
Rosenberg,
Allan (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rosenberg,
Allan: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Economist, Foreign Economic Administration. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as part of the Perlo espionage group.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[423] Party name: Roy. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sid”.
Rosenberg,
Ethel [source Venona]
Rosenberg,
Ethel: Soviet intelligence contact/informant.
Wife of Julius Rosenberg and sister of David Greenglass. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
intelligence contact/informant.[424]
Rosenberg,
Julius: “Antenna” also “Liberal” (KGB U.S. line) [source Feklisov ]
Rosenberg,
Julius: “Antenna” also “Liberal” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rosenberg,
Julius: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Engineer and chief of an espionage network of Communist engineers. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[425] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Antenna” until September 1944, “Liberal” (September 1944-1950), “King”
(1950-).
Rosenberg,
Louise: See Bransten, Louise.
Rosenberg,
Simon: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Born November 1899 in Poland.
Came to the U.S. in 1924 and became a
naturalized citizen in 1930.
Employed by Amtorg in 1930 in Pittsburgh and Cleveland. In 1931 went to the USSR and was recruited
by KGB at that time. Returned to the
U.S. and did a variety of espionage tasks for Gayk Ovakimyan and Armand
Feldman. Cooperated with the FBI after
he was confronted during the Feldman investigation in the 1940s.[426] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Simon”and “S-7”.
Rosenbliett,
Philip: Soviet intelligence agent, chief of a GRU-linked espionage apparatus
early to mid-1930s. A dentist. Family name also often spelled Rosenbliet. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those identified
by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage risks.[427] Ronsebliett is a candidate for the cover
name “Tenth” in Vassiliev’s notebook.
Rosenfeld,
George: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Liaison with Col. Pierce in Washington, D.C.
Rosenfeld,
Julius: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Rosenman,
Samuel Irving: Aide to President Roosevelt.
Rosenstein,
?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent, probably illegal, early 30s. Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Robert”.
Rosenthal,
Harry: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Employee of an insurance company in Philadelphia. A 1948 Gorsky memo Chambers/Karl’s group
name.[428] Chambers did not write of anyone resembling
Rosenthal. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “113th”.
“Rosita”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Rosoff,
David A.: See Rozov, D. A.
Ross,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, London, 1950.
Ross,
Nat: Senior CPUSA official. Directed
organizing in South in the early 1930s, then led the Minnestoa-Dakotas party
district, and served as CPUSA representative to the Comintern in the late
1930s.
Rossi,
?: Described as secretary to Ercoli and a Socialist.
Rossi,
Bruno, physicist (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rost”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Growth”.
“Rost”
/ “Growth” also “Odessit” / “Odessite”
“Odessan” [someone from Odessa]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
ROSTA:
Russian Telegraph Agency, predecessor of TASS.
“Roston”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified 1945 target of recruitment
suggested by Harold Glasser. Described as someone connected to the State
Department in 1946.
Roth,
?: Described as Jacob Golos’s doctor in 1943.
Rothschild,
John (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rouble”
/ “Ruble”: Glasser, Harold (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Rouen”
“Ruan”: (GRU line) Col. Ilya Mikhajlovich Saraev, GRU Washington [source
Venona]
Rouke,
Walter aka Walter Ketley, bodyguard and secretary to Natalia Ivanova
Sedova-Trotsky (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rousse,
?: Described as French Trotskyist leader.
ROVS:
Russian Combined Services Union, a White Russian emigre organization.
“Roy”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): Husband of Emma Phillips. “Roy” does not occur in Vassiliev’s
notebooks but is in the Venona decryptions.[429] Venona indicates “Roy” was married to
“Cora”, and “Cora” is identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Emma Phillips.
Roy,
?: Described as assistant military attaché of the US Embassy in Chungking,
1942-43.
“Roy”:
redacted, Cora’s / Kora’s husband, also “Ampere” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Roy
(party name): Allan Rosenberg’s party name.
“Roza”:
Rose Beigel, former wife of Luis Arenal
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rozenberg,
Julius: Spelling error. See Rosenberg,
Julius.
Rozengauz,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Rozov,
D. A.: Chairman of Amtorg in the late 1930s.
Know in the American press as David A. Rosoff.
RRSA
- R.R.R.S.A.: Russian Refugee Relief Society.
RSDRP:
Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party.
RSFSR:
Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika — Russian
Socialist Federal Soviet Republic
RSHA:
Nazi SS Reichssicherheitshauptamt – Reich Security Main Office.
RU:
Razvedyvatelnoye Upravleniye – “Intelligence Directorate” of the Soviet armed
forces. More often called GRU.
“Ruan” / “Rouen”: (GRU line)Col. Ilya Mikhajlovich
Saraev, GRU Washington [source Venona]
“Rubin”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ruby”.
“Rubin” / “Ruby”: Tolstikov, Valentin Efimovich (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rubin,
Gerald: Soviet intelligence contact/informant of some sort sent to California
with difficulty with the assistance of Jacob Golos.
Rubin,
Helen: Teachers' union figure who knew Harold Glasser, 1936.
Rubinic
[Rubinovic], Josip: “Ic” possibly (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rubinstein,
Mikhail (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rubl'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ruble”.
“Ruble”:
Glasser, Harold (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Ruble”
[Rubl'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harold Glasser. “Ruble” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Harold Glasser.[430]
“Ruby”
/ “Rubin”: Tolstikov, Valentin
Efimovich (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Ruby”
[Rubin] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence agent, 1945.
“Rudakov”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rudd,
Irving Glen (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Rudenko,
Leonid: Chairman of the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission in the U.S.
Rudenko,
Leonid, General, chairman of The Soviet Government Purchasing Commission in the
U.S. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rudi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rudy”.
“Rudi”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Rudlin,
Walter, head of economic intelligence section of FDA (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Rudol'f”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Rudolf”.
“Rudolf”:
unidentified KGB officer [West Venona]
Rudolf
[Rudol'f] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer, 1936, Berlin.
Rudolph
[Rudolf], P...., the father of [redacted]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rud...ovich”:
Yakor: KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Rudy”
[Rudi] (cover name/party name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet
intelligence contact. Likely Rudy
Baker. Described as being in a position
to assist in training some covert radio operators in the U.S. for KGB work in
1942. Rudy Baker, head of the CPUSA
covert arm and who had considerable experience with covert radio
operations. “Rudy” Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet source linked to CPUSA and likely Rudy Baker.[431]
“Ruff” “Ersh”[432]:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ruff”:
Neumann, Franz [West Venona][some
confusion here, in text West identifies Ruff as Neumann but not in appendix,
where Neumann is “Ruppert”]
“Ruff” [Yersh] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Franz Neumann. “Ruff”
occured in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet source in the OSS.[433] (Ruff is a type of fish.)
Rugg,
Wilton: Chambers pseudonym for link to Harry White (Rober Coe?) [source
Chambers Witness]
“Ruhr”
[Rur] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent with close CPUSA ties, 1948.
“Rulevoj”
[Rulevoy]: Helmsman: Earl Browder (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rulevoy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Helmsman”.
“Rulevoy”
/ “Helmsman”: Browder [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Rumyantseva
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Rundstedt,
Gerd von: Leading Wehrmacht general.
Rundstedt,
German General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rupert”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): V.V. Sveshnikov.
“Rupert”:
source in Army Signals Intelligence Serivce [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
[Likley Feklisov red herring for Weisband]
“Ruppert”:
Neumann, Franz L. [West Venona]
[some confusion here, in text West identifies “Ruff” as Neumann but not in
appendix, where Neumann is “Ruppert”.]
“Rur”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ruhr”.
“Rusakov”:
Lomakin, Yakov Mironovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Russchnitt,
Edgar, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Russchnitt,
Max, Rumanian figure (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Russell,
F.W., Captain, U.S. military intelligence (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Russell,
H.N. astronomer, princeton (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Russi,
Bruno (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Russian
Center: unidentified in America (KGB line) [source Venona]
Russian
Information Bureau: Unofficial Soviet office in Washington prior to diplomatic
recognition.
Russian
People’s University: Private “White” Russian institution in New York, 1920s.
Russian
Refugee Relief Society (R.R.R.S.A.): White refugee organization.
Russian
Social-Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP): Tsarist era Marxist party in Russia,
divided between the moderate Mensheviks and the extremist Bolsheviks led by
Vladimir Lenin.
Russian
Voice: See Russky Golos.
Russian-American
Financial Syndicate: Described as a anti-Bolshevik coordinating body
Russian-American
Institute: Cultural organization that promoted Soviet-American friendship.
Russicum,
Pontificum Collegium: Vatican college dedicated to studies of culture and
spirituality of Russia founded in 1929 by Pope Pius XI, who was impressed by
large number of Russian refugees fleeing Bolshevik persecution of Christianity.
Russki
[Russky] Golos: Voice of Russia,
emigre magazine (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Russky
Golos [Russian Voice]:
Russian-language newspaper aligned with the CPUSA.
Rust,
Heinrich: Described as an associate of ? Ronnby in 1924.
Rutenberg,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Ruthenberg,
Charles: Leader of the early Communist movement in the USA.
Rutovskij’s
[Rutovsky’s] apartment: address in Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
R.V.:
See Russian Voice.
RVV
(Morse RWW), radio call sign (KGB
Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Ryabchik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hazel Grouse”.
Ryabinin,
I.I.: Ryabov (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Ryabov”:
Ryabinin, I.I. (KGB line) [source Venona]
Ryabov,
Valentine Vasilevich, 2nd secretary Soviet Legation Montevideo: “Rene” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Ryan”:
Dennis, Eugene [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Ryan,
Tim: Comintern party name of Eugene Dennis.
Ryan,
Bishop (KGB line) [source Venona]
Ryan,
George: Pseudonym used by Norman Borodin in contact with Duggan.
“Rybak” “Fisherman”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing
Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Rybak,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent targeting Ukrainians. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Ukrainian”.
Rybnikor,
?: Described a official of the Yugoslav Film Committee, 1950.
“Rybolov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fisherman”. (Alternative
translation: Fisher, Osprey)
“Rybolov” “Osprey” or “Fisherman”: also “Blok” / “Block”: also “Kin” / “Keen”: unidentified
cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Rybolov”:
unidentifed probationer on Staryj Bolshevik
(KGB line) [source Venona]
“Rychag”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Lever”. (Alternative translation:
Linchpin.)
Rykov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Rykov,
Alexei Ivanovich: Leading Bolshevik official and member of the politburo of the
Soviet party in the 1920s. Purged by
Stalin on charges of right deviation and executed in 1938.
Rykov,
Vladimir Semenovich: Boy friend of Aleksandrova, 1954.
“Rytsar”
/ Knight: unidentified name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Ryzh..”.:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Ryzhaya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Redhead” (female).
“Ryzhy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Redhead” (male).
RZHV
(Morse RVW), radio call sign (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
XXS
S
(abbreviation of cover name): Source in Justice Department, 1945. Possible abbreviation for “Sima”.
S.
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Initial of an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in Mexico in 1950.
“S....,
Viktor Vasilevish (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“S-1” “s1” Herman R. Jacobson (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“S-1”
“s1” [“C-1”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Herman Jacobson. “S-1” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Jacobson.[434]
“S-10”
“s10” [“C-10”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed Soviet
intelligence source/agent, early 30s, used against Ukrainians.
“S/10”
[“C/10”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Variant of “S-10”.
“S-100”
“s100” [“C-100”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB
agent/officer. References to in 1935.
“S/16”
“s16” [“C/16”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1935, White line.
“S-17”
“s17” [“C-17”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, likely Russian immigrant.
“S-2” “s2” : redacted, cousin of redacted (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“S-2” “s2” [“C-2”] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent. Female secretary in the Aviation Division of
the Department of the Navy, source from early 30s through WWII. Also appears as “S-II” and “S/2”. “S-2” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, female, age 45 in 1944.[435]
“S/2”
[“C/2”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Variant of “S-2”.
“S/3”, “s3”
[“C/3”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1930s.
“S-5” “s5”
[“C-5”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Engineer
from the scientist Ipatiev’s group.
“S-6” “s6”
[“C-6”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Source
early 30s, chemical engineer in War Department Chemistry laboratory.
“S-7” “s7”
[“C-7”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Simon
Rosenberg.
“S/7” “s8” [“C/7”] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Variant of “S-7”.
“S-8”
/ “s8” unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“S-8” “s8”
[“C-8”] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Lukomsky in
1935. “S-8” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1945.[436] Uncertain if the two are the same person.
“S/8”
[“C/8”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Variant of “S-8”.
SA:
Sturmabteilung – "Storm Division”, usually referred to as Storm Troops.
Sabatini,
Amadeo: “Nik” / “Nick” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sabatini,
Amadeo: Soviet intelligence source/agent.[437] Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet agent with the cover name “Nick”.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Nick”.
“Sachs”
/ Saks / Sax: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sachs”
[Saks] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Solomon Adler,
1941-1945. “Sachs” appeared in the
Venona cables as an unidentified Soviet source and the context of the Sachs
messages is compatible with Adler.[438]
Sacks,
Alexander, [Saks] Economic Warfare section of U.S. Justice Dept. (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Sad”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Garden”.
Sadovnikov,
Valentin Matveevich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent identified in the Venona
decryptions with the cover name “Said”.
Sadovnikov,
Valentin Matveevich: “Said” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Safe
House (tradecraft term): (Konspirativnaya kvartira in Russian) A residence
(house or apartment) maintained by agents or other trusted persons (such as
CPUSA members vouched for and assigned by CPUSA leaders working with KGB) where
a source may meet with a courier or KGB officer. Sometimes the hosts of a safe house will also act as couriers for
the source.
Saffian,
Alexander: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[439] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Contractor”.
Safonov,
Sen. Lt; (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Sage” “Mudrets”: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Said”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent,
1945. “Said” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as probably Valentin Matveevich Sadovnikov.
“Said”:
Sadovnikov, Valentin Matveevich (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sailor” Matros: Truman, Harry (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Sailor” Matros: unidentifed cover name in 1942 (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sailor”
[Matros](cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Truman. “Sailor” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Truman.
Saint
Olaf (ship) [source Venona]
Sakhalin
(ship)
Sakharovsky,
Aleksandr Mikhailovich: Director of KGB PGU, First Chief Directorate, 1956-71.
Saklatwala,
Shapurji: Indian-born British Communist.
“Saks”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sachs”. (Alternative translation: Sax)
Sala,
Victorio: “Jota” (Khota) (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Salesman” [Prodavets]: KGB in Purchasing Commission
1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Salikh”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent in a government agency, 1948.
Salisbury,
Harrison: American journalist, Moscow correspondent.
“Sally”:
Mitynia, Francia, aka Edna Patterson [source Venona]
Salmon,
David A.: Soviet intelligence source/agent..
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Willy” and “11”.
Salnevich,
B. and Salvevich, I. (brothers): Likely emigre While Russians in Finland.
“Salt”
[Solt] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. Office of Naval
Intelligence.[440]
“Sam”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Tolchin, 1933-1934.
“Sam”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Michael Bogart, 1943-1945. “Sam” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified Soviet intelligence source but as working in California and as
the younger brother of Burton Perry, also a Soviet source.[441]
“Sam”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer, 1950.
“Sam” Sem: unidentified cover name senior worker
in FBI (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sam”:
unidentified, younger brother of Burton Perry (KGB line) [source Venona]
Sam
(party name): party name for Gregory Silvermaster 1943.
Samarin,
Mikhail: Soviet teacher with the Soviet diplomatic delegation in New York who
defected in 1948.
Samartsev,
?: State Security officer, 1942.
Samojlov,
Captian-Lieutenant (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Samojlova,
Marfa Pavlovna: “Liza” (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Samsondi”:
Bethlen, Court Gabor (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Samsonov,
?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent know to Jacob Golos and later arrested in
the purge of the security services.
Samuel
Huntington (ship) [source Venona]
“San”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Richard Koral, son of Alexander Koral.
San
Francisco: “Babylon” [Vavilon] (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
San
Francisco: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Babylon”
Sancha
Padros, Jose: “Rembrandt” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Sancha
Padros, Tomas (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Sanders,
Everett: Executive secretary to President Coolidge, 1925-1929.
“Sandi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sandy”.
“Sandi”
[not translated, but likely “Sandy”] (GRU line): Rich, Stephan [source Venona]
“Sandy”
[Sandi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, described as part of “Nick’s” group in 1948.
“Sanitar”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Orderly”.
Santa
Catalina (ship) [source Venona]
Santa
Fe: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Okurov”.
“Santiago”:
Santiago de Paul, son of Nelken Mansberger de Paul, killed in battle (KGB
Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Santo”:
unidentified codename in Australian line [West Venona]
Sapieha,
Prince ?: Social friend of Martha Dodd.
Saposs,
David: New Deal official and anti-Stalinist left liberal.
Saprykin,
Aleksandr Pavlovich, cipher clerk, May 1944: “Boris” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Saraev,
Col. Ilya Mikhajlovich, GRU Washington joined Red Army 1918, arrived in U.S.
march 1941,: “Rouen” / “Ruan” (GRU
line) [source Venona]
Sarant,
Alfred: “Hugh” [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Sarant,
Alfred Epaminondas: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Member of Julius Rosenberg’s technical intelligence
apparatus. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.
Secretly defected to the USSR when Julius Rosenberg was arrested.[442] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Hughes”.
Sarant,
Alfred Epaminondas: “Hughes” Khyus (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sarayev”:
unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Sargent,
Orme: Senior British diplomat.
“Sarin”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Davrun Wittenberg.
“Sasha”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Georgy Pokrovsky.
“Sasha”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sashnov”:
senior mechanic probationer on Argun
(KGB line) [source Venona]
“Satir”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Satyr”.
“Satir” “Satyr”: redacted: Sylvia Lorraine Callen
Doxsee: [Sylvia Caldwell] [Sylvia Franklin’ [Sylvia Callen] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Satyr” “Satir”: Sylvia Lorraine Callen Doxsee aka
Sylvia Franklin (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Satyr”
[Satir] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sylvia Callen prior to
August 1944. “Satyr” was identified in
the Venona decryptions as Callen.[443]
Sauerman
Alfred: also known as Alfred von Saurma-Douglas.
Saurma-Douglas,
Alfred von: see Alfred Sauerman.
“Saushkin”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sergey Romanovich Striganov.
Savchenko,
Sergey R.: Senior Soviet intelligence officer at Moscow Center, 1950.
Savery,
William: Professor of Philosophy, University of Seattle, 1918-1919.
“Savin”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Savin,
Sergej [Sergey] Nikolaevich, SGPC engineer (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Savitskij
[Savitsky] in Moscow (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Savlevich,
Captain Third Rank (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Sawyer,
Charles: U.S. ambassador, Belgium, 1945.
“Sax”
or “Sachs” or “Saks”: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sax,
Saville: “Old” / “Star” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Sax,
Saville: Soviet intelligence agent.
Young Communist and college roommate and friend of Theodore Hall. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet agent.[444] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Star”.
Schacht,
Hjalmar: Leading economics and finance official in the Nazi government in the
1930s. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Scheffer,
Paul: Moscow correspondent of the Berliner Tageblatt.
Schenck,
Joseph: chairman of Twentieth Century Fox film company.
Scherer,
Marcel: Member of “Vendor’s” CPUSA espionage group. CPUSA cadre, offical of the Federation of Architects, Engineers,
Chemists and Technicians (FAECT-CIO). Brother of Paul Scherer.
Scherer,
Paul: Member of “Vendor’s” CPUSA espionage group. Brother of Marcel Scherer.
Schiff,
Jacob: American international banker, head of the international banking firm of
Kuhn, Loeb, & Co.
Schimmel,
Herbert: Secret Communist, on the staff of a variety of Federal agencies,
including the House Select Committee Investigating National Defense Migration
and served as chief of investigation, Senate Subcommittee onWar Mobilization (Kilgore
Committee). After WWII worked for the
U.N.’s Division of Economic Stability and Development. Thought by Victor Perlo (Perlo memo 15 March
1945) to have some clandestine connection.
Invoked the Fifth amendment to refuse to answer Congressional questions
about his covert Communist links. He
was subsequently fired by the U.N.[445]
Schimmel,
Herbert S., chief of investigation, Senate Subcommittee onWar Mobilization,
Kilgore Committee (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Schink,
E.F.: Garble for Frederick John Schink.
Schink,
Frederick John: Soviet intelligence contact/informant, via “Liberal”, prior to
1933.
Schmidt,
Orris: Described as administrator working in U.S. occupation government of
Germany on economic matters.
(Alternative translation: Shmidt)
Schmoll,
Fromberg Bank (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Schneider
of WPB [source Venona]
Schocken,
T. D.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Scholtz,
H.W.: Described as an American “specialist” at the “E. B. Badger” plant #3 in
Kuybyshev Siberia, USSR.
Schon,
Hubert: Contact of Harold Glasser at some point.
Schrader,
Captian Alvert E, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Schultz,
Marian Miloslavovich: “Lava” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Schumacher,
Kurt: Leader of the German SPD after WWII and anti-Communist.
Schuman,
Irving George: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Amadeo Sabatini (former KGB agent) in early 1950s told FBI the he
and Irving George Schuman had been assigned by his KGB superior, Joseph Katz,
to surveil KGB defector Walter Krivitsky in 1939. An entry in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks on “Veil” associates him with Katz and Sabatini.[446] While suggestive, the evidence is not
sufficient to conclude that Schuman was “Veil”.
Schuman,
Robert: French Foreign Minister, 1948-1950.
Schuster,
?: Described as executive officer of Telefunken, 1945.
Schuster,
Bernard: “Chester” also “Echo” also
“Dik” also “Yug”/“South” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Schuster,
Bernard: “Chester” also “Echo” (KGB U.S. line) [source Feklisov]
Schuster,
Bernard: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Senior CPUSA cadre. Identified
by Elizabeth Bentley as assisting Jacob Golos’s covert work.Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[447] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Chester” (a party named used as a cover name), replaced with “Echo” (June
1943), “Jack” (December 1943), and “Freedman” (October 1944).
Schuyler,
Cortlandt Van R.: U.S. Army general, chief of American mission in Rumania in
1945.
Schwartz,
Bert D.: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Schwartz,
Emanuel: Target of recruitment.
Mathematician who had worked at the Manhattan atomic project facility at
Los Alamos. Parents born in Russia and
naturalized in Canada. Also known as E.
Shagam. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Domby”.
Schwartz,
Milton: “Matvej” [Mayvey] (GRU line) [source Venona]
Schwartz,
Thomas: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Described as a former German Consul. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “James”.
Schwellenbach,
Secretary of Labor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sco” Ssho: Secret Cipher Office (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Scorpion”:
Paramonov, Sergei J. U.K. line [West
Venona]
“Scott” [Skott] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Arthur Wynn in Great Britain, 1944. “Scott” in described in West and Tsarev as a significant KGB
source in Britain but is not identified.[448]
Scott,
Helen: see Keenan, Helen Grace Scott.
Scott,
John: “Ivanov” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Scott
(Keenan), Helen Grace: “El”/ “Fir” (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Scott”
[Skott] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): John Reynolds, 1943-1945.
Scott,
Walter: Walter Franz Maria Stennes (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Scout”:
Joel Barr [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Scout”
[Skaut]: Joel Barr (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Scout”
[Skaut] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joel Barr prior to
September 1944. “Scout” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Barr.[449]
Scouts:
See “Lazutchiki”.
“Screw” “Vint”: unidentified KGB in Purchasing
Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Screw”
[Vint] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Victor Hammer, 1940s-1960s.
Scriagin,
?: Soviet diplomat in Washington, 1945.
Scribners
Commentator (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Scripps-Howard:
American newspaper chain.
“Scylla”
“Sitsilla”: William E. Dodd, Jr. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Seaborg,
Glen: Physical chemist, Nobell prize winner.
Senior scientist on the Manhattan atomic project.
“Seafarers”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Seal”:
possibly Konstantin Aleksandrovich Umansky. Umansky is Redaktor on the Mexico
City and San Francisco lanes. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Seal”:
unidentifed source New York KGB traffic [West Venona]
“Seal”
[Tyulen'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Konstantin Umansky. “Seal” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Umansky.
“Seaman”:
Petrov, Vladimir in Stockholm traffice [West Venona]
“Seaman”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Seaman”
[Moryak] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, technical line, 1943. “Seaman” appeared in the Venona decryptions as a unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent.[450]
Sebastian,
Georgy Karlovich: Hungarian-born German citizen, a musical conductor who worked
in Hollywood and the USSR, mid-1930s.
“Sebezh”
[unidentified city] (GRU line) [source
Venona]
Sechkin,
?: Soviet intelligence source/agent. An
engineer for Torpedo Corp., around 45 years old, NY.
Second
line: ethnic/emigree groups (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Second”
[Vtoroy] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, early 1930s.
Secret
Intelligence Service (SIS, also known as MI6): Britain’s foreign intelligence
agency. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Hotel” (1944-1945).
“Secretary”
[Sekretar] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Hoover, very probably
Herbert Hoover but possibly J. Edgar Hoover, described as part of
“Transatlantica” conspiracy/organization.
Secretary
of War, U.S.: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bomb”, circa 1944. At that time the Secretary of War was Henry
Stimson.
SED:
Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist Unity Party of
Germany). Ruling Communist party of the
GDR. A product of the forced merger of
the Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD) with the Kommunistische
Partei Deutschlands (KPD).
“Seda”:
Vazquez Gomez, Elena (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Sedar”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): See “Cedar”.
“Sedov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence officer/agent,
1942. Chief of the San Francisco
station prior to Kheifets.
Sedov,
Lev: Son of Leon Trotsky.
Seemonov,
[Semyonov] Semyon: “Tven” [source Andrew and Mitrokhin]
Segre,
Emilio (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Segre,
Mario (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sekretar”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Secretary”.
Seldes,
George: Journalist and secret Communist.
Select
Committee Investigating National Defense Migration: U.S. House select
committee, 1940-1943, chaired by Rep. John H. Tolan (D. California). Know as the Tolan Committee.
Selevich:
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Selim
Khan” “Zelimkhan” also “Kahn” / “Khan”: unidentified cover name, candidate
A. Landy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Selit..”.:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Seller
[Prodavets]: See “Vendor”.
Seller,
Richard: Described as secretary to Congressman Hugh De Lacy.
“Selo” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Village”.
“Selyan”:
possible cover name or real name possibly Badrig Selian, Secretary General of
Armenian Progressive League of America. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sem”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sam”.
“Semen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Simon”. (Semen is the Russian
equivalent of Simon. When the cover
name appears to apply to an American, it is translated as Simon. When it applies to a Russian, it is kept as
Semen.)
“Semen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet worker at Soviet World’s Fair
exhibition in 1939.
“Semen”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): N. Ia. Aksenov in 1954.
“Semen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer, 1948.
“Semen”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence officer
at Moscow Center.
“Semen
”: Proshin, Pavel Osipovich, cipher officer (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Semen”:
unidentified in Moscow, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Semen
?: Friend of Armand Victorovich Hammer at the Moscow Institute of Foreign
Languages.
Semenov,
Nikolaj [Nikolay] Aleksandrovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Semenov,
Semen Markovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. (Alternative translations Semyon Semyonov). Birth name Alexander Taubman. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet officer/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Twain”. Known
as Simon to Harry Gold.
Semenov,
Semen Markovich: “Tven” / “Twain” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Semichastnov,
Major-General Ivan Fedorovich, Commissariat for Foreign Trade (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Seminary”
[Burse] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): A university, likely the
University of Chicago.
Semyonov,
Semyon Markovich: See Semen Markovich Semenov.
Semyonov
[Semenov], Semyon Markovich: “Twain” or “Tven” [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Semyonov
[Semenov], Semyon real name Alexander
Taubman [source Usdin]
Sendik,
Josif Moiseevich, Capt. 1st rank, head of Soviet Union routing and convoy
office in DC. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Senga
[Ship]
Senior
[Starshy]: See “Elder”.
“Sen'or”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Senor”.
“Senor”
also “Berg”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Senor”
[Sen'or] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Koral in August
1944. “Senor” changed to “Berg” in
September 1944. “Senor” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent in 1944
whose cover name was changed to “Berg” in September 1944.[451]
“Senya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Morton Sobell, late 1944 and 1945.
“Senya”:
Morton Sobell [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Serb”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Chmilevski starting in September
1944. Earlier “Relay”. “Serb” appeared in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent with an artificial leg, an
attribute that matchs Chmilevski.[452]
“Serb”
also “Relay”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Serb”:
source of the “Volunteers” network [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Serebryanov,
Yakov: Variant of Yakov Serebryansky.
Serebryansky,
Yakov Isaakovich,: Senior KGB officer, head of a 1930s KGB special operations
group that specialized in sabotage, kidnapping, and assassination. Also known
as Yasha Serebryanov.
Sereda,
Georgij [Georgy] Danilovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Seregin,
Ivanovich of purchasing commission (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Seres”:
Subasic, Ivan, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Sergeant”:
unidentified source London GRU U.K. line [West Venona]
“Sergeev”:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Sergei:
see Sergey
“Sergei”:
Sergej [Sergey]: Pravdin, Vladimir Sergaevich of Tass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sergej:
see Sergey
“Sergej”
[“Sergey”]: Afanasev, Viktor Vasilevich
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sergej”
[“Sergey”]: unidentified [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
“Sergej”
[“Sergey”]: unidentified (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“Sergey”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Vladimir Pravdin. “Sergey” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Pravdin.
Sergeyev,
?: Describes as “Deputy People’s Commissar” and associate of Anatoly Gorsky.
References to in 1945.
Sergievsklj,
Boris, U.S. State Dept. consultant (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sergio”:
unidentified journalist in Venona but likely Lisa Sergio, left WMCA broadcaster
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sergius” Sergej [Sergei] [Sergey]: Vladimir Pravdin,
Tass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sernov”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sernovodsk”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Albuquerque, NM.
“Serov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Head of KGB station in Vienna, early
1950s. (Possibly this is real name
Serov rather than a cover name.)
“Serov”:
unidentified name probationer [Soviet intelligence agent] or possbily Makhail
Vasilevich Serov, assistant Chairman of the purchasing commission and associate
of Zubilin (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Serov,
Ivan Aleksandrovich: Senior KGB officer, later head of the KGB, 1954-1958.
Serov,
Makhail Vasilevich, assistant Chairman of the Soviet Union purchasing
commission and associate of Zubilin, 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Serpa”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sesil'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cecil”.
Setaro,
Ricardo: Express messenger: Gonets (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Setaro,
Richard: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Journalist, deputy chief of the Latin American department of CBS
radio. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Express Messenger” prior to
October 1944, then “Jean”.[453]
Sevastopol (ship) [source Venona]
Seversky,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Seversky
Aircraft: Designed and build military aircraft, later renamed Republic
Aviation.
Sevmorput,
Northern Sea Route Directorate (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Sevzaples
(ship)
Seyss-Inquart,
Arthur: Senior Nazi government official.
Sforza:
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sh...
” [partial decryption]: Lombardo Toledano, Vicente (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Sh”:
code name for rich American funding Kitty Harris in Paris 1938-39 for KGB
[source Damaskin Harris]
S.H.:
Initials of someone described as a CPUSA member contacted by Commissioner of
Docks, Mr. Hertz, in 1932.
“Sh-142”
[sh142] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Akets.
“Sh/142”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Variant of “Sh-142”.
“Sh-147”
[sh147] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Robert Allen.
Shabanov,
Konstantin A.: See Konstantine A. Chugunov.
Shabanov was likely Chugunov’s pseudonym in the U.S..
Shabanov,
Konstantina: “Shah”/ Shakh (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Shachtman,
Max: American Trotskyist leader.
Candidate for cover name “Gay” in Vassiliev’s notebooks.
SHAEF:
Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force.
Shagam,
E.: see Schwartz, Emanuel.
“Shah” “Shakh”: Shabenov, Konstantina (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Shah”
[Shakh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Konstantine. A.
Chugunov. “Shah” occured in the Venona
decryptions as the cover name of Soviet diplomat and KGB officer Konstantin A.
Shabanov or Chabanov. Likely Shabanov
was Chugunov’s pseudonym.
Shajdayuk,
Leonid Ivanovich: “Lebedev” (on ship Litke) (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Shakh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Shah”.
Shakhnazarov,
?: Soviet official known to Victor Hammer, 1957.
Shakhov,
Aleksej [Aleksey] Ivanovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Shakhurin,
Vladimir: Described as a friend of Victor Hammer and the son of a high Soviet
official who shot and killed the daughter of Konstantin Umansky and then killed
himself.
Shaliapin,
Mikhail A.: see Shalyapin, Mikhail A.
Shalyapin,
Mikhail A.: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
(Alternative translations: Shaliapin, Chaliapin). Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet officer/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Stock”.
Shalyapin,
Mikhail A., Clerk at consulate: “Shtok” /
“Stock” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Shaman”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Earl Browder, 1946-. (Alternative
translation: Sorcerer)
Shapiro,
?: Described as Soviet plenipotentiary in Lithuania.
Shapiro,
?: Jacob Golos recommended for recruitment on technical line in 1942.
Shapiro,
Henry: United Press correspondent in Moscow.
Shaplin,
Joseph (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sharapov,
?: KGB officer, references to in 1943 and 1950.
Sharapov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Sharia,
?: Soviet intelligence officer.
Sharkov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Sharp-Sighted”:
Solovev, Valentin Lukyanovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Shatov,
V. S.: Described as official of Turksib.
Shatu
(on ship Soviet)”: Rezner (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Shatunov (on ship Soviet)”: Lyakhovka, Nikilaj
Fedorovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Shaturstroj
(ship)
Shaw
of Ceramic divison of WPB [source Venona]
Shawcross,
Hartley: U.K. Attorney General and prosecutor in Klaus Fuchs’s trial.
Shaytukhov,
A. I.: KGB officer, Moscow, 1965.
“Shch”:
Shchrkoldin, Aledsej (KGB line) [source Venona]
Shchanova
(or Shchapova), Tanya: Described as a girl friend of Armand V. Hammer, 1950
Shchekoldin,
Aleksey, chief of the Foreign Communications Section, Moscow. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Shcherbakov,
Soviet seaman deserter, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Shchors (ship) [source Venona]
Shchrkoldin,
Aledsej: “Shch” (KGB line) [source
Venona]
“Shchuka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pike”.
“Sheat-Fish” “Som”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Shebarshin,
Leonid Vladimirovich: Chief of PGU KGB, 1989-1991
Sheen,
Fulton: Prominent Roman Catholic priest, later a bishop.. (KGB line) [source
Venona]
“Shef”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Chief”.
Sheffer,
Paul: Described by Jacob Golos in 1944 as someone involved with the public
exposure as a Communist of a doctor and relative of Harry Dexter White named
Volman or Volper.
Sheftel,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
“Sheik”
Sheikh Shekh: unidentified cover
name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Shel
(ship)
Shelepin,
Aleksandr: Chief of the KGB, 1958-1961.
Shell
Union Oil Corporation.
Shelon
(ship) [source Venona]
“Shelter”:
Priyut: UNRRA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shelter”
[Priyut] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): United Nations Relief and
Rehabilitation Administration, UNRRA.
“Shelter” was identified in the Venona decryptions as UNRRA.
Shepardson,
Whitney H.: Senior OSS officer.
Shepherd
[Pastukh]: See “Herdsman”
Sheppard,
Charles Bradford, radio enginees with Hazeltine Elecronics Corp Litle Neck, NY:
“Master” or “Master Crafsman” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Sheppard,
Edith Rebecca nee Strick, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sherman,
Isaac J.: American, director of Amtorg, 1924.
Sherman,
Rear Admiral Forrest Percival; (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Sherman,
Roger: Signer of the Declaration of Independence.
Sherman,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1944. Linked to Perlo espionage apparatus. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Boy”.
Shershnev,
?: KGB officer, 1945.
“Shertaks”:
unidentified book keeper in NY docks,
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shervud”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sherwood”.
“Sherwood” Shervud: Laurence Duggan (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Sherwood,
Colonel, [source Venona]
Sherwood,
Eddie: Described as guide for a American touring group in the USSR, early 1930s
or late 1920s.
“Sherwood”
[Shervud] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Laurence Duggan beginning
in August 1944, changed to “Prince” in September 1944. “Sherwood” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Duggan.[454]
Sherwood,
William: Communist, associate of Michael Straight and Donald Wheeler at
Oxford. American. (Unclear if this is the same William
Sherwood as the contact of Harold Glasser.)
Sherwood,
William: Contact of Harold Glasser, 1945.
“Shestak”:
Fadeev (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Shestov”:
unidentified “probationer” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Shevchenko,
Andrej [Andrey] Ivanovich: “Arsenij” [“Arseny”] “Arsenius” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Shevchenko,
Andrey Ivanovich: Soviet intelligence officer.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Arseny”.
Shevelev,
Lt Gen Ivan G.: Head of KGB 5th Directorate (Cryptography).
Shevtel,
Doctor (KGB line) [source Venona]
Shevtsov:
unidentified, may be a real name. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Shevvchuk,
P.P. on Soviet ship: “Vendor” (KGB
line) [source Venona]
Shields,
Jimmy: Senior British Communist official.
Shimkin,
Victor: Described as publisher of Novoye Russkoye Slovo.
Shimmel,
O. V.: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Shimmel likely used the psuedonym of Olga Khlopkova in the U.S. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Julia”.
Shipley
& Co.: International banking firm.
Shipley,
Ruth: Head of DOS passport bureau.
Shirmanov:
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Shirokov:
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Shiyk,
Andrew: Soviet intelligence source/agent since 1934. Hungarian embassador to the U.S. 1946. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Shumsky”.
“Shkiper”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Skipper”.
Shlyapnikov,
Rudolf Petrovich: Senior KGB officer, 1957.
“Shmel'” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Bumblebee”.
“Shmel”
/ “Bumblebee”: David Greenglass (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shmel”
/ “Bumblebee”: Walter Lippmann (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shmidskij”
[“Shmidsky”]: unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Shmitkhen,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1937.
Shmufatyanov:
KGB Probationer on Soviet ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Shofer”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Chauffeur”.
“Shop”:
Civil Service Commission (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shore”:
North Africa (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shore”
[Bereg] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): North Africa. “Shore” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as North Africa.
Shoshman:
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Shostakovich,
Dmitri: Soviet composer.
“Shou”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Show”.
“Show”
[Shou] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. government body,
probably the House Committee on Un-American Activities.
Shpigelglaz,
Sergey M.: Senior Soviet intelligence officer.
Also known as Mikhail Shpigelglas.
(Alternative translations in the literature of his family name:
Spiguelglass). Executed in Stalin’s
purge of his security services in the late 1930s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks “Duche”.
“Shponka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Spline”.
“Shponka” / “Spline” also “Shum” / “Noise”: redacted. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Shrewd”
[Srud] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, technical intelligence 1940.
Sh/t:
See C/t.
“Shtabist”
/ “Staff-man” “Staff man”: unidentified,
in army in 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Shtamp”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): See “Stamp”.
Shtemenko,
Sergey M.: Soviet general, chief of staff, late 1940s.
“Shtok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Stock”. The original Russian, Shtok, is translated as Rod. The Venona project, however, took “Shtok” as
phonetic and translated it as “Stock”.
To avoid confusion, “Stock” is also adopted here.
“Shtok” “Stock”: Shalyapin, Mikhail A., Clerk at
consulate (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shtorm”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Storm”.
Shturman
or Navigator, unidentified Mexican Labor leader in KGB files on Kitty Harris
but in Venona as Vicente Lombardo Toledano [source Damaskin Harris]
Shudenko,
Stepan Nikolaevich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Nazar”.
Shudenko,
Stepan Nikolaevich: “Nazar” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Shugunov:
see Chugunov.
Shulberg,
Seymore: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Shulga,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Shulgin,
Vasilij [Vasily] Alekseevich, 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Shulkind,
?: Described as a friend of the Robert Switz’s wife.
“Shum”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Noise”.
“Shum” “Noise” also “Shponka” / “Spline”: redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Shumakov,
Boris: Russian brother-in-law of Helen Silvermaster.
Shumakova,
K.P.: Sister of Helen Silvermaster in the Soviet Union.
Shumovsky,
Stanaslav: “Bleriot”, KGB in Purchasing
Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Shumovsky,
Stanislav: Soviet intelligence officer. Identified in the Venona decryptions as
a Soviet officer/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Blerio”.
“Shumsky”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Andrew Shiyk.
Shumyatsky,
Boris Z.: Senior Bolshevik official on mission in Persia, 1923-1924. Executed in Stalin’s Terror in 1938.
Shuneman,
Fred: Member of CPUSA and Communist Party of Canada, radio operator for the KGB
station in 1934-35. Described as
married to Yetta Gabin. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Williams”.
“Shura”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Olga Pravdina.
“Shurin”:
cover name or wife’s brother (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Shurin”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Shuvalov,
?: Described as the father of Varvara Hammer.
Shvetsova
or Shatsova, Sophia, wife of Lev Helfand. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Si”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Manager of the Soviet Consulate in New
York, circa 1944. “Si” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as the cover name used for the third secretary of
Soviet NY consulate, Evgeny Aleksandrovich Dmitriev.
“Si”:
Dmitriev, Evgenij [Evgeny] Aleksandrovich, third secretary of NY consulate,
head of couriers in Cipher office. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Si...,
Ruth, possibly Sikes, Ruth [source Venona]
Sicco,
Ualter (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sid”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Allan Rosenberg.
“Sidney”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, illegal
station. References to in 1940.
“Sidon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): London, U.K. “Sidon” was identified in the Venona decryptions as London.
“Sidon”:
London (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sidorovich
on Soviet ship: “Bob” (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Sidorovich,
Ann”: Objective: Obyektiv [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Sidorovich,
Ann: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks
“Objective”. Ann Sidorovich was identified in the Venona decryptions as
a Soviet intelligence source/agent, but under the cover name “Squirrel”. See
“Objective” and “Squirrel” for an explanation of the Venona project’s error on “Squirrel”.[455]
Sidorovich,
Anne: possibly “Belka” / “Squirrel”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sidorovich,
Michael: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Member of Rosenberg’s technical intelligence apparatus. Michael Sidorovich was identified in the Venona decryptions as an Soviet
intelligence source/agent with the cover name “Lens”.[456] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Lens”.
Sidorovich,
Michael: “Lens” Linza [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Sidorovich,
Mikhajl [Michail Michael]: “Lens”/
Linza (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Siebert,
Hans: Described as a leader of German Communists in London in 1946.
Sieloff,
Erich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Siemens
Incorporated
Sigal,
?: Described as Amtorg employee with links to Trotsky.
Sigaloff,
Eugene: Described as Russian immigrant applying for job in Chicago in 1935.
Sigalov,
Evgeny: Variant of Eugene Sigaloff.
“Signal”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, aviation after October 1944, earlier cover name “Emulsion”.[457]
Signing
on (tradecraft phrase): KGB idiom for the formal recruitment of an agent. Also known and “contracting”.
“S-II”
[C-II] [sii s2] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Colonel ? Pierce.
(Not same as female secretary “S-II”/”S-2”).
“S-II”
[C-II] [sii s2] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Variant of “S-2”, a
female secretary source in the U.S. Department of the Navy.
Sikorski,
Wladyslaw: Leader of the Polish government-in-exile until 1943.
Sikorsky
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Silas
Mitchell (ship) [source Venona]
Silcox,
?: Described as an “intermediary” between Amtorg and American companies, 1928.
“Sili,
?: KGB officer, Moscow Center, 1936.
“Silver”:
unidentified source of the Volunteers network [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Silver
Legion: Also known as Silver Shirts.
American fascist organization led by William Dudley Pelley.
Silverberg,
Tom: Described as a secret Communist employed at the Manhattan atomic project’s
Chicago facility. Suspected of being a
Communist by the FBI and Military security and, consequently, the Army drafted
him and assigned him away from atomic work.
Silverman,
Abraham George: Soviet intelligence source/agent. In 1942 Silverman became civilian chief of analysis and plans to
the assistant chief of the Army Air Force Air Staff for Material and
Service. Identified by Elizabeth
Bentley as part of the Silvermaster espionage group. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[458] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Aileron”.
Silverman,
Abraham George: “Aileron”/ Eleron (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Silvermaster,
Arkady: Brother of Gregory Silvermaster.
Silvermaster,
Helen Witte: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Wife of Nathan Gregory Silvermaster.
Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of the Silvermaster espionage
group. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[459] Identified in the Venona decryptions as a
Soviet source/agent.[460] Party name: Sam. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Pal” and then “Robert”
(starting August 1944).
Silvermaster,
Helen: “Dora” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Silvermaster,
Nathan Gregory: “Pal” [Pel] also “Robert”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Silvermaster,
Nathan Gregory: “Robert” [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Silvermaster,
Nathan Gregory: “Pal” also “Robert” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Sil'vi” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sylvia”.
“Sima”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Judith Coplon.
“Sima”:
Coplon, Judith (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Simon”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Simon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See Simon Rosenberg.
“Simon”:
Bayer, Theodore, president of Russky Golos publishing Company (GRU line)
[source Venona]
Simonenko:
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Simpson,
Renata: Described as a sister of Ursula Kuczynski.
Sinarquists:
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Sincere”
[Iskrenny] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in Moscow, early 1930s.
Sinclair,
Upton: American writer, 1930s-1950s.
“Sindikat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Syndicate”.
Sinelnkov,
Vasilij [Vasily] Alekseevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Singer”
[Pevets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentifed source early
30s, possibly a stenographer.
Siniavsky,
?: Soviet official involved in high technology acquisition.
“Sinitsa”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Blue Tit”. (Alternative
translation: “Titmouse”).
“Sinitsa”/ “Blue-Tit”: unidentified name (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Siqueiros,
Jose David Alfaro: possibly “Sonya”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Siquiros,
Jose David Alfaro: “Chess Knight” / “Kon'” (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
“Sirano”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cyrano”.
“Sirota”:
Maclean, Donald: “Waise” (German for Orphan) or Sirota in Russian [source
Damaskin Harris]
SIS:
Secret Intelligence Service, U.K. Also
known as MI6.
Sise,
Hazen: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Elizabeth Bentley identified Hazen Sise, a secret Canadian Communist,
veteran of the Spanish Civil War (medical unit), and Washington representative
of the Canadian National Film Board, as one of the sources for her network.[461] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Operator”.
“Siskin”
/ “Chizh”, Soviet in the Office
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Siskin”
[Chizh] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Eduardo Pequeño. Siskin (a type of bird) occured in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified cover name of a Soviet agent operating in
South and Central America.[462]
“Siskin”
/Chizh”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Sister”:
Burnie, Frances, Australian line [West
Venona]
Sister
branch or organization (KGB tradecraft term): GRU, Soviet military intelligence
agency.
Site
W: Manhattan atomic project designation for its facilities at Hanford, WA.
Site
X: Manhattan atomic project designation for its facilities at Oak Ridge, TN.
Site
Y: Manhattan atomic project designation for its facilities at Los Alamos, NM.
Sites,
George: Described as American pro-Nazi activist.
“Sitsilla”
/ “Scylla”,: William E. Dodd, Jr. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona] Russian version of Scylla, as in Scylla and
Charybdis.
Sizov,
?: Soviet military attache in London, 1944.
SK:
Reference unclear. May be “Sovetskaya
Koloniya" – Soviet Colony.
Skala
(ship)
“Skart”:
Smart: unidentified to be called “Eliot” in a meeting. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Skat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ray”. (Skat is translated as skate,
the name for ray fish, not roller skates or ice skates. “Skat” was translated in the Venona
decryptions as “Ray” and that precedent if followed here to minimize
confusion.)
“Skat”:
Ray: also “Karl”: redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Skate:
see “Ray”.
“Skaut”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Scout”.
“Skaut”:
Joel Barr (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Skiers”
[Lyzhniki] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Britains, English, post
war. “Skiers” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified.
“Skij”
[“Sky”]: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Skinner,
Herbert: Scientist in the British atomic program, late 1940s.
“Skipper
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Skipper”
[Shkiper] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent in Mexico.
Likely someone with close ties to the Soviet embassy. “Skipper” appears in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified Soviet contact in Mexico.[463]
“Sklad”
/ “Warehouse”: BEW (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sklare,
Joseph, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Skoropadskij
[Skoropadsky], Paul, son of (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Skoryukov,
?: Soviet diplomat at the San Francisco consulate in 1941.
“Skott”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Scott”.
“Skrib”:
unidentified cover name in Alaska in late 1944 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Skryagin,
Capt. Nikolaj [Nikolay] Alekseevich, assistant Naval Attache, DC: “Kent” (NGRU
line) [source Venona]
Skryaginskij [Skrayginsky] (KGB line) [source Venona]
Skvirsky,
Boris: Amtorg official in the 1920, later Soviet embassy staff.
Skvortsov,
Soviet seaman (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Slack,
Alfred: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Chemist at Eastman Kodak in Rochester, New York and Holston Ordnance
Works in Kingsport, Tennessee.[464] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “El”
and “Ell” prior to October 1944, then “Bir”.
“Slang”:
Jane Foster (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Slang”
[Sleng] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jane Foster. Also known as Jane Foster Zlatowski (married
name). “Slang” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Foster.[465]
“Slava”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ilya Elliott Wolston. “Slava” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Wolston.[466]
“Slava”
/ “Glory”: Ilya Elliott Wolston in 1943, 1945 use is likely Wolston or
unidentified. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Slave”
[Rab] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source, possibly a U.S. government employee, involved with
furnishing false immigration or passport documents, 1935. Described as motivated by money rather than
ideology.
“Slave”
[Rab] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, Communist, technological intelligence, 1942. Associated with Julius Rosenberg.
“Slavin”:
unidentified (Naval GRU line) [source Venona]
Slavyagin,
A. (real name) Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Artem”.
“Sleng”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Slang”.
Slepenkov,
Assistant Naval Attache in Sweden (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Slepenkov
[Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Slonim
[Mark Slonim? Russian emigre]: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Slough”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Slutsky,
Abram Aronovich: Senior KGB officer, headed the KGB foreign intelligence
service from May 1935 to February 1938, died under myterious circumstances
during the Terror (likely murdered) and subequently denounced as an enemy of
the people.
Sluzhba
Vneshney Razvedki: SVR – Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia), successor to
the foreign intelligence branch of the KGB.
SM:
Sovet ministrov — Council of Ministers (formerly the Council of People’s
Commissars).
“SM”:
Unidentified American military radio or radar devise
“Small”
/ “Malyj”: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Smart”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Elliot Goldberg, engineer for an oil
equipment company in New York. “Smart”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified technical source/agent
passed to GRU with instructions for GRU to call him “Eliot”.[467]
“Smart”:
Skart: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Smekhov,
Chief Petter Officer of Mironych got drunk (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Smeltzer,
Harold: Soviet intelligence source/agent, technical intelligence, Bell
aircraft. Cover names in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Armor”. “Armor” appeared in
the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent with
attributes that fit Smeltzer and as having the cover name “Stamp” until October
1944 when he became “Armor”.[468]
“Smel'y”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Plucky” (Alternative translations:
Brave, Courageous)
“Smelyj”:
Plucky: also “Kurt”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
SMERSH:
Smert Shpionam [Death to Spies]. Chief
Counterintelligence Directorate of the USSR People’s Commissariat of
Defense. KGB special detarchment,
1943-1946, charged with counter-intelligence duties as well as harshly
suppressing disaffection and malingering in the Red Army as well as.
Smilg,
Benjamin: Soviet intelligence source/agent, aviation technology. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Lever”.
Smilg,
David: Considered for recruitment.
Younger brother of “Lever”/Benjamin Smilg. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “David”.
“Smirna”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Smyrna”.
Smirnoff,
Victor: Variant spelling of the head of Amkino, Victor E. Smirnov.
“Smirnov”:
one of the KGB “students” (KGB line) [source Venona]
Smirnov,
Anatolij [Anatoly] Nikolaevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Smirnov,
Lieutenant Commander (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Smirnov,
Victor E.: Head of Amkino.
Smirnova,
Nina Stepanovna (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Smit”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Smith”.
Smith,
?: Assistant to the Secretary of State, 1938.
Smith,
Ben: British Labour Party member of parliament described as slated to take over
Llewellyn’s duties with the British delegation to the Manhattan Project.
Smith,
Berton F.U.: Garble for Smith, Burton J.W.
Smith,
Burton J.W.: American who wrote a letter to Stalin in 1930 offering his
services to the USSR and the Communist cause.
Smith,
Cyril: Head of the plutonium metallurgy group during the Manhattan Project.
Smith,
Gerald (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Smith,
Howard Kingsbury: American journalist.
Smith,
Howard W.: U.S. representative (D. VA)
Smith,
Jessica: Editor of Soviet Russia Today/New World Review. Communist. Wife of Harold Ware and, after his death,
John Abt. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of
those identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage
risks.[469]
Smith,
Julia: Elizabeth Bentley’s maternal grandmother.
Smith,
Paul, Boston Lawyer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Smith,
Paul: Described as active in Massachusetts politics and a friend of Tom
Corcoran
“Smith”
[Smit] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Chivin early 1930s.
“Smith”
(Smit): Mins, Leonard Emil (GRU line) [source Venona]
Smith,
Ted, seaman-telegraphist, English, IB veteran (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Smith,
Thomas (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Smith,
Walter Bedell: U.S. Ambassador to the USSR, 1946-1948, former U.S. Army
general.
“Smith’s
line”: Espionage activity supervised by unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent “Smith”, 1938.
Smithers,
Peter H.B.O., British Assistant Naval attache (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Smodlaka,
Josip, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Tito’s Provisional Partisan regime (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Smolnyj
(ship) [source Venona]
Smyka,
Anastasia Illarionovna: Crew on the Soviet tanker “Azerbaijan”.
“Smyrna”:
Moscow (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Smyrna”
[Smirna] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Moscow. “Smyrna” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Moscow.
Smyrnov,
Russian envoy Iran [source Venona]
Smyth,
Henry DeWolf.: Physicist, participant in the Manhattan atomic project, member
of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission,
1949-1954.
“Snegirev”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Valentin A. Sorokin. (Alternative translation: Sneguirev).
“Snegov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Boris Sokolov.
SNK:
Sovet narodnykh komissarov — Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR.
Snopkov,
Maksim Rodionovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Snopkova,
Agrafina Kirillovna (KGB line) [source Venona]
Snow,
Helen Foster: See Wales, Nym.
“Snow
Leopard” / “Bars”: Rojo Gomez, Javier (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Snow:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Snyder,
John: U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, 1946-1953.
“Soba”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, operating outside the U.S. and brother of Olga Neyman.
Sobell,
Morton: Considered a candidate for “Relay” but rejected.[470] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“obell,
Morton: “Senya” [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Sobell,
Morton: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Engineer and member of Julius Rosenberg’s technical intelligence
apparatus. Convicted of espionage in 1951 and imprisoned.[471] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Senya”
(1944-1945), “Stone” (1951).
Soble,
Jack: “Abram”: also “Chekh”: Czech (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Soble,
Jack: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Abram” until September 1944 (with occasional use thereafter), then “Czech”,
appears as “Peter” by early 1945, then “Czech” once more.
Soble,
Myra: Soviet intelligence agent. Wife
of Jack Soble. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Myra” and candidate for
“Maria”.
Soblen,
Robert (Brother of Jack Soble and sometimes referred to as Robert Soble):
“Roman” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Soblen,
Robert: Soviet intelligence agent. Used
extensively for anti-Trosky work in Europe and America. A medical doctor. Party name Fred Carroll. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks
“Roman”.
Sobol,
?: Soviet intelligence officer. Executed in Stalin’s purge of his security
services in the late 1930s.
Socialist
Party, U.S.
Socialist
Revolutionaries (SR): Left-wing populist political movement in the Tsarist
era. Alexander Kerensky of the SR led
the provisional government established by the February 1917 revolution in
Russian that was overthrown in the Bolshevik coup of November 1917. The SRs
easily won the popular vote for the Constituent Assembly established by the
provisional government, but the Assembly was dispersed by force by the
Bolsheviks. Elements of the “left SR” corroborated with and were absorbed by
the Bolsheviks. Most SRs, however, were
anti-Bolshevik and exiled SRs were a large element among the anti-Bolshevik
refugee Russians.
Society
for Technical Aid to Soviet Russia: Provided private relief and industrial
assistance to the USSR in the 1920s.
Covertly run by the CPUSA.
Society
of Friends of the Soviet Union: See Friends of the Soviet Union.
Society
of the Friends of the USSR (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
SOE:
Special Operations Executive, British commando, covert operations military
agency.
Sogolow,
Boris: Variant of Sokolov, Boris.
Described as brother-in-law of Eugene Sigaloff who emigrated to Germany.
“Sohnchen”
[Zenkhen] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See Kim Philby (From the German Söhnchen)
Sokirkin,
Aleksej [Aleksey] P., (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sokol”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Falcon”.
Sokolnikov,
Grigory Yakovlevich: Senior Bolshevik leader.
Finance commissar in the 1920s.
Imprisoned in the Terror and died in the Gulag.
Sokolov,
?: Described as a professor in Moscow in 1949.
Sokolov,
Boris: Brother-in-law of Evgeny Sigalov, described as emigrating from Russia to
Germany in the 1920s.
Sokolov,
Boris K.: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
Soviet diplomat, co-optee for KGB Washington Station. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Snegov”.
Sokolov,
Georgy Alexandrovich: KGB officer 1949, deputy station chief in Washington late
40s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Fedor”.
Sokolov,
Ivan Alexeevich, clerk in Soviet Naval Attache office in DC, (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
Sokolov,
Ivan Alexeevich [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Sokolov,
Yury: Soviet intelligence officer, New York Station 1948. Candidate for the cover name “Claude”.[472]
Sokov,
Andrek Kuzmich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Sol”
(first name used as a cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sol Leshinsky.
Solana
[ship] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Soldatov
(KGB line) [source Venona]
“Solid”
[Solidny] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): James H. Hibben prior to
October 1944. “Solid” appeared in the Venona decryptions as unidentified
technical source in 1943 and 1944. In
the Venona decryptions “Solid” was changed to “Kinsman” in October 1944. “Kinsman” does not does not appear in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks and the name may not have been implemented
because “Solid” had become “Reed” in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks by
1945. Additionally, a New York KGB
station Venona cable shortly after the shift from “Solid” to “Kinsman” stated
that the reported change in “Solid” cover name was garbled. “Reed” appeared in the Venona decryptions
as an unidentified technical intelligence source in November 1944, and this
likely was “Reed”/Hibben. Hibben’s
real name does not appear in Vassiliev’s notebooks, but “Solid”/“Reed” is
described as chief of the Chemical Division of the U.S. Tariff Commission, a
position James Hibben held at the time.
FBI also identified Hibben as an associate of Soviet agent Mary Price
and had information that he was using his position to access documents on
military explosives that were unrelated to his official duties.[473]
“Solidnjy”
/ “Solid” also “Rodstvenni” also
“Kinsman”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Solidny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Solid”. (Alternative translations: Reputable, Impressive, Mature)
Solovev
(ship), (KGB line) [source Venona]
Solovev,
Valentin Lukyanovich: “Sharp-Sighted” (KGB line) [source Venona]
Solovitz,
Netty: Described as OSS officer/staff.
Solovyov,
?: Described as a professor in Moscow in 1949.
“Solt”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Salt”.
“Solt”
[Salt ]: U.S. Army G-2 counter-intelligence (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Som”
/ “Sheat-Fish”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Somary,
Felix, German-Swiss financier
Somervell, Brehon Burke: Commanding General, U.S. Army
Service Forces, WWII.
Somervell,
General, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Son”:
Rudy Baker, chief of CPUSA covert arm, in WWII Comintern and KGB traffic. [source Klehr, Haynes, Firsov Secret
World]
“Son”
/ “Syn”: unidentified CPUSA official
dealing with KGB in WWII (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Son”
[Syn] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer F.A.
Garanin. References to in 1945, 1946.
Sondergaard,
Gale: Wife of Herbert Biberman.
Recommended as candidate for KGB contact in 1949 by Martha Dodd.
“Sonia”:
Kuczynsky, Ursula U.K. line [West Venona]
“Sonny”
[Synok] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Victor Hammer, used in
1930s, 1940s, and 1950s.
Sonny
[Zenkhen]: See “Sohnchen”.
“Sonya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ursula Kuczynski.
“Sonya”:
possibly Jose David Alfaro Siqueiros (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sonya”:
Ursula Kuczynsky [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
“Sonya”
/ “Zhenya”: Sonia Steinman Gold (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sorcerer
[Shaman]: See “Shaman”.
Sorge,
Richard: GRU officer who ran highly successful networks in China and
Japan. Arrested by Japanese security
and executed.
Sorokin,
Valentin A.: Soviet intelligence officer.
Cover in the U.S.: staff of Sovinformburo, 1946. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Snegirev”.
“Sosedi”
(cover name/tradecraft term in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Neighbors”.
Sosin,
Veniamin Efimovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Sosluzhivtsy (Tradecraft/cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Coworkers”.
Sosnkovski,
General Kazimierz (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“Sotsul”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Employee of Rumanian embassy.
Sotto,
?: Described as the second secretary of the Chilean embassy in the USA.
“Sound”:
Golos, Jacob [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Sound”
[Zvuk] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jacob Golos. “Sound” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Golos.[474]
“Sound”
[Zvuk]: Jacob Golos (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“South”
/ “Yug”: Schuster, Bernard (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Southern”:
unidentified, may be a place (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Southern
Council for Human Welfare: Civic activist body led by Popular Front liberals
and secret Communists.
“Southerner
”: Muzquiz, Elena Huerta (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Sovdepia: A derogatory name for Soviet Russia by those hostile
to Bolshevik rule. Derives from an abbreviation for the Russian term, Sovet
Deputatov: "Council of Deputies"
Sovetskaya
Latviya (ship) [source Venona]
SovExportFilm:
Soviet film production agency.
Soviet
Government Purchasing Commission (SGPC): Soviet agency that supervised Soviet
Lend-Lease purchases in the U.S.
Soviet
Information Bureau: Soviet foreign information and propaganda agency.
Soviet
Review: likely a confusion with Soviet
Russia Today.
Soviet
Russia Today.
Soviet
(ship) [source Venona]
Sovinformbureau:
Soviet Information Bureau.
Sovnarkhoz:
Council of the National Economy.
Sovnarkom:
Sovet narodnykh komissarov (SNK) — Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR.
Soyuz:
See Union.
Soyuzbumaga:
All-Union Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry.
Soyuzintorgkino:
Soviet agency that distributed Soviet films abroad and obtained foreign films
for Soviet distribution.
Soyuzneft:
All-Union Association of the Oil and Gas Industry.
Sozykin,
Fedor (KGB line) [source Venona]
Söhnchen:
See “Sohnchen”.
“Spa”
[Kurort] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): broadly, U.S. military
intelligence, the Military Intelligence Division of the War Department and Army
G-2. “Spa” was also identified as U.S.
military intelligence in the Venona decryptions.[475]
“Spa”:
Military Intelligence (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Spaatz,
Carl: Senior American Army Air Corps and USAF general.
Spalding,
Sidney P.: Supervisor for American firm “Badger” in USSR.
“Spark”
also “Davis”: unidentified (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Sparks,
H.: Described as member of the Michigan CPUSA Central Committee in late 1937.
“Sparta”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Moscow, 1950.
“Spartans”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviets, 1950.
“Spasnachev”:
Nadyusha (KGB line) [source Venona]
Special
work (party idiom): Covert work of some sort.
Speer,
Albert: Nazi German minister for armaments and war production.
Spellman
[Cardinal?] (KGB line) [source Venona]
Spellman,
Francis Joseph Cardinal: Leading Roman Catholic prelate in America.
Spellman,
John: Brother of Cardinal Spellman.
Spellman,
Kathleen: Niece of Cardinal Spellman.
Spellman,
Martin: Brother of Cardinal Spellman.
Spenser,
Frank: Teachers union figure who knew Harold Glasser, 1936.
Speransklj,
Captain Konstantin, Soviet Meterological mission (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Sperry
Corporation.
“Spider”
/ “Pauk”: possibly Aleksandr Kasem-Bet? Kasem-Beg? (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Spies”
[“Lazutchiki”]: Title of a KGB file containing reports on American
counter-intelligence and espionage carried out in the U.S. by German and
Japanese intelligence agencies.
“Spirited”:
unidentified covername Australian line [West Venona]
Spivak,
John: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Radical journalist and secret Communist who specialized in investigation
and exposure of rightists. Identified
by Elizabeth Bentley as carrying out covert tasks for Jacob Golos.[476] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Grin”. Candidate for the cover names
“18” and “John”.
“Spline”
/ “Shponka”: also “Shum” / “Noise”:
redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Spline”
[Shponka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Michael K. Cham until
October 1944. “Spline” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence source/agent but FBI/NSA
redacted the name.[477]
“Sposobny”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gifted”.
“Spring”
[Vesna] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? White.
“Spruce”
[El']: see “Fir”.
“Spruce”
or “Fir” / “El”: Keenan, Helen Grace Scott (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Squirrel”
[Belka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence agent,
courier. References to in 1945, 1947,
1950. “Squirrel” is described as the
“wife of ‘Hudson’” Edith Emery is a
candidate for “Squirrel”. Emery was
married to CPUSA official Roy Hudson.
(There is also an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent with the
cover name “Husdon”.) Emery had worked
as a courier for the CPUSA covert apparatus in the 1930s, and she was the
subject of a badly broken New York KGB message to Moscow on 3 July 1942. Just five days after the garbled KGB cable
to Moscow about Emery, General Fitin of the KGB asked the Comintern to provide
whatever information the Comintern had on Emery as well as on two other persons
associated with her. While exactly what the 1942 KGB cable and Fitin’s query
were about is not clear, this was a period when the KGB was reviewing and in
some cases reviving dormant Comintern and GRU networks, and these documents may
part of that process of vetting Emery for being taken on as a courier. “Squirrel” as a cover name was identified in
a single 1945 Venona message that also discussed “Lens” (Michael Sidorovich)
and NSA/FBI suggested that “Squirrel” was possibly Ann Sodorovich. Based on Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks,
this was mistaken. Instead, “Squirrel”
was a courier who serviced a safe house hosted by “Lens” and “Objective”
(Michael and Ann Sidorovich).[478]
SR
(S.R.): Socialist Revolutionaires
SRT:
Soviet Russia Today.
“Srud”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Shrewd”.
SS:
Schutzstaffel, German for "Protective Squadron”, elite security/military
formations directly controlled by the National Socialist German Workers Party.
Stachel,
Jack: Senior CPUSA official.
Staff,
Joshua (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Staff-man” “Staffman” / “Shtabist”: unidentified cover name in army in 1944, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stakhanovite
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Stalinabad
(ship) [source Venona]
Stamoinen,
Irjosaa, Finn, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stamp”
/ “Shtamp”: redacted employee at Bell
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stamp”
(Shtamp) (cover name in the Venona decryptions): Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence source/agent for a source at Bell
Aircraft in New York and whose real name was redacted. “Stamp” became “Armor” in October 1944. “Armor” is identified in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks as Harold Smeltzer, therefore “Stamp” was Harold
Smeltzer.[479]
Stan
(party name): Stanley Graze.
Stan:
Work name Ivan Morozov used with Harry Gold.
Stanarm,
Hans (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Standard
Aircraft Product, U.S. firm [source Venona]
Standard
Oil Company.
Standard
Oil (KGB line) [source Venona]
Standley,
Ambassador (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Standley,
William: USN admiral and U.S. Ambassador, Moscow, 1942-43.
Stanisic':
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stanley”:
Philby, Kim U.K. line [West Venona]
“Stanley”
[Stenli] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1938.
Technical intelligence.[480]
Stapler,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Thomas Black identified Stapler as a
Soviet industrial espionage source.
Black’s description of Stapler’s activities matches the activities of
the Soviet source “Ray” (later changed to “Karl”) in Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks. “Ray”/“Karl” also appeared
in the Venona decryptions, and NSA/FBI analysis identified the real name but
redacted it. However, a 1951 FBI memo
reviewing Venona noted that nine persons that Venona demonstrated were
assisting Soviet espionage were deceased.
One of those listed as deceased was Stapler. That, along with Black’s evidence, indicates that the redacted name in the Venona decryptions
for “Ray”/“Karl” was William Stapler.[481] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ray”
prior to October 1944, then “Karl”.
“Star”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Saville Sax, 1944-1945. “Star” (Saville Sax) as a cover name was
pared with “Mlad” (Theodore Hall) as in the Russian expression "y star, y
mlad" (old and young people).
Hall, a physics prodigy and Harvard graduate at age 18, offered his
services to the KGB at age 19, assisted by his friend Saville Sax, only a few
years older. The KGB deemed them “Mlad”
and “Star”. “Star” sometimes rendered
as “Old” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Sax.[482]
“Star”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Colonel Edwin Emerson, mid-30s.
“Star” “Old”: Sax, Saville (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Star”:
Oppenheimer and/or Fermi [source Sudoplatov]
Star
[Zvezda]: See “Zvezda.”
“Starik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Old Man”.
Starikov,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1960.
“Stark”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See ? Berlin.
Starker,
?: Described as an aide to Hermann Neubacher.
Starkov,
Vladimir Borisovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Starnes,
Joseph: U.S. Representative (D. AL)
Starr,
George J.: Described as an FBI agent, 1942.
“Starshy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Elder”. (Alternative translation:
Senior)
“Starter”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ivan Timofeevich Orlov.
“Starukha”:
Old Woman: Natalia Ivanova Sedova-Trotsky
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Starygin
(on ship Emba)”: Brilov (KGB line) [source Venona]
Staryj
Bolshevik (ship) [source Venona]
Stasek,
?: Described as a Polish journalist and husband of Marta Jansen.
Stasha:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Stasova,
Elena: Prominent Bolshevik.
Stassen,
Harold: Former Republican governor of Minnesota, national Republican political
figure.
State,
Department of, U.S.. Referred to as SD, DOS, and MID. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Surrogate” (1930s),
“Circus” (circa 1939-1941), “Bank” thereafter.
State
Security Commission: a body under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
StateD:
translation of “Indel”, abbreviation for Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Station
Chief Gold: Title of a 1984 internal
KGB book about the career of KGB officer Iskhak Akhmerov issued to students at
the KGB training academy, the Andropov Red Banner Institute. Written by KGB Colonels A.E. Vassiliev and
A.A. Koreshkov.
Station
Chief [Rezident] (tradecraft term): The commander of the KGB or GRU
station.
Station
[Rezidentura] (tradecraft term): The KGB or GRU organization in a
country. Often there were two types,
a legal station and an illegal station.
The legal station had officers and staff holding formal diplomatic
status and recognized as Soviet staff attached to a legal Soviet entity such as
a Soviet embassy or consulate and ostensibly performing normal diplomatic
duties. The illegal station consisted
of officers and agents (both Soviet and native) who did not have diplomatic
status and in the case of the Soviet officers, often had false identifies as a
native or an immigrant.
Statskevich,
Nikolay V.: Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
References to in 1949. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Larry”.
Stazhery (tradecraft term): See “Probationers” (Alternative
translation: Interns)
Stechishin,
Miroslay (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Steel
Engineer (ship) [source Venona]
Steel,
Johannes: Soviet intelligence contact/informant. An informant for “Grin”/Spivak.
Naturalized American of German origin.
Pro-Soviet left-wing journalist and commentator. Steel is identified in the Venona
decryptions as assisting KGB in recruitment.[483] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Dicky”.
Steele,
Johannes: “Dicky” / “Diki” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Stefan”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Stephan”.
Steffens,
Lincoln: Well-known American writer, ardent ally of the CPUSA.
Steiger,
Andrew J.: Soviet intelligence source. A journalist, he chiefly wrote on Soviet
and Far Eastern topics and occasionally worked as a literary translator of
Russian. Louis Budenz, testified that Steiger was a secret member of the CPUSA.[484] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Fakir”.
Steinbeck,
John: American writer.
Steinberg,
Isadore, artist, War Department, CPUSA [source Venona]
Steinhardt,
Laurence: Businessman and American diplomat.
U.S. Ambassador to the USSR, 1939-1941. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Deputy”.
“Stella”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Helen Lowry, August 1944 to mid-1955.
“Stella” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent whose activities were compatible with Lowry.
“Stella”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stella”:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Stenek
Travel Bureau: Described as a front for German intelligence in the U.S.
“Stenli”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Stanley”.
Stennes,
Walter: “Drug” / “Friend” [source Damaskin Harris]
Stennes,
Walter Franz Maria: pseudonym Scott, Walter (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Stennes,
Walther [ Walter ]: “Drugg” / “Friend” [appears to be KGB Tokoyo or Asian
channel] cited to Courier of Russian Intelligence May 1991. [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Stepan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer and acting
chief of the New York station 1947-1948.
Likely Pavel I. Fedosimov.
“Stepan” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Pavel Ivanovich
Fedosimov, arriving at the New York station in 1944. It is likely but not certain that Venona’s “Stepan”/Fedosimov is
the “Stepan” of Vassiliev’s notebooks.
“Stepan”:
Pavel Ivanovich Fedosimov (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Stepan
Razin (ship) [source Venona]
Stepankiwsky,
Volodimir: See Vladimir Stepankowsky.
Stepankowsky,
Vladimir: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Activist in Ukrainian nationalist circles. Also know as: W. J. Stepankowsky and Volodimir Stepankiwsky. Elizabeth Bentley identified Stepankowsky as
a source for Jacob Golos on Ukrainian ethnic activities.[485] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Blue
Tit”.
Stepankowsky,
W. J.: See Vladimir Stepankowsky.
“Stepanov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alexander Korotkov.
“Stepanov”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Stepanov,
G.A., Vice-Admiral, acting chief of Naval Staff: unidentified name twenty-four,
#24 [[NGRU line] [source Venona]
“Stepfather”
[Otchim] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet Ambassador to the
U.S. “Stepfather” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Soviet Ambassador Gromyko.
“Stepfather”
/ “Otchim”: Andrey Gromyko, Soviet
Ambassador in DC (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Stephan”
[Stefan] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Arnold Deutsch
Stephen
J. Field (ship) [source Venona]
Stephenson,
William, head of British Security Co-ordination office, NY (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Steppin,
Irving: Pseudonym used by Valentin Markin.
Stern,
Adolf: Error for Alfred Stern.
Stern,
Alfred K.: “Louis” / “Lui” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Stern,
Alfred K.: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Louis”.
Stern,
Martha Dodd: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[486] Identified in Andrew and Mitrokhin as a
Soviet source/agent. Cover names in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Juliet No. 2” (1937),
“Liza” (1936-1950s)
Stern,
Martha Dodd: “Liza” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona] [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Stern,
Monroe: Soviet intelligence contact/informant, 1947.
Stern,
O., Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Stern,
Robert: Adopted son of Alfred and Martha Stern.
“Stetsenko”
/ Shchedryj: KGB Probationer on Soviet
ship (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Stetsenko,
A. G.: Comintern personnel department official.
Stettinius,
Edward, Jr.: Businessman, senior U.S. official, U.S. Secretary of State in
1945. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Corporal”.
Stettinius
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Steve:
pseudonym/work name used by J. Peters [source Chambers Witness]
“Steve”
[Stiv] (pseudonym used as a cover name in Alexander Vassiliev’s
notebooks): Josef Peters.
“Stevedore”
/ “Gruzchik”: unidentified KGB in
Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Stevens,
Donald: Described as an associate of Michael Straight, 1938.
Stevens,
Eddie (Edmund) (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Stevens,
Gordon: Borovyj, Leo Judah (KGB line)
[source Venona]
Steyn,
?: Described as a relative of Genrich Lyushkov.
Stillwell,
Joseph, General [source Venona]
Stimson,
Henry L.: “Bom” / “Bomb” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Stimson,
Henry L.: U.S. Secretary of State, 1929-1933, Secretary of War, 1940-1945. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bomb”.
Stipanovic,
Branco (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stiv”
(pseudonym used as a cover name in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Steve”.
“Stoaway”
/ “Zayats”: Maurice Halperin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stock”
[Shtok] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mikhail A. Shalyapin.
“Stock”
[Shtok]: Shalyapin, Mikhail A., Clerk at consulate (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Stokes,
Thomas L.: Senior reporter for Scripps-Howard newspapers.
Stokowski,
Leopold: Well-known conductor of major American orchestras.
“Stolp”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pillar”.
“Stolp”/ “Pillar”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Stone,
?: Described as Canadian ambassador to the U.S.
Stone,
?: Described as American composer living in Mexico, agent of Boris Morros’s
music company.
Stone,
I.F.: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Stone appeared in the Venona
decryptions under the cover name “Pancake” as meeting with a KGB officer and
discussing recruitment or reestablishment of an earlier relationship. Also in the notebooks under his birth name,
Isidor Feinstein. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Pancake”.[487]
Stone,
Isidor Feinstein: “Pancake” / “Blin” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stone”
[“Stoun”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Morton Sobell,
1951. While Sobell’s name is not given
in the notebooks, “Stone” is described as sentenced to thirty years in prison
in the Rosenberg trial, a fact fitting Morton Sobell and no one else.
Stone,
William T.: Official at BEW, supervisor of Gregory Silvermaster.
Stool
Pigeon [Stukach]: See “Informer”.
“Store”
/ “Magazine”: The Soviet Government
Purchasing Commission in the U.S. (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Store”
[Magazin] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet Government
Purchasing Commission “Store” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as the Soviet Government Purchasing
Commission.
“Storm”:
Golovin, Petr Dmitreich (on ship Litke) (KGB Line, San Francisco) [source
Venona]
“Storm”
/ “Shtorm”: unidentified cover name but
not Golovin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Storm”
[Shtorm] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Josef Peters. Storm occured in the Venona decryptions as
an unidentified cover name and one that is consistent with it being Peters.[488]
“Stoun”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Stone”.
Stowaway:
see “Zayats”
Strabolgi,
Geraldine: Wife of Joseph Montague Kenworthy, 10th Baron Strabolgi.
Strabolgi,
Lord (Joseph Montague Kenworthy, 10th Baron Strabolgi): Chief Labour government
whip in the British House of Lords in the postwar Labour government.
Strachey,
John: Left Socialist British politician and writer. Aligned with the CPGB in the 1930s but returned to the Labour
Party in 1940.
Straight,
Michael: “Nigel” in 1930s [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Straight,
Michael: “Nigel” [source West & Tsarev]
Straight,
Michael: Soviet intelligence source.[489] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Nigel”.
Straight,
Whitney Willard: Brother of Michael Straight.
“Strana”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Country”.
Strange, Heinz
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Strassenman.
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Strassman,
Antony: Described as German intelligence agent in the U.S., 1936.
Strauss,
George R.: Left Socialist British politician.
Expelled from the Labor Party in 1939 for supporting an alliance with
the CPGB.
“Strela” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Garble for “Stella”.[490]
Stridsberg,
Augustina (formerly Jirku): “Klara”
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Striganov,
Sergey Romanovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Soviet diplomat. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Saushkin”.
“Stroitel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Builder”.
Strokov,
?: KGB officer, 1947.
Strong,
Anna Louise: “Lira” / “Lyra” (KGB line)
[source Venona]
Strong,
George V.: U.S. Army general, G-2.
Struggle
[Boy]: See “Boy”.
Struve,
O., astronomer Wisconsin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Stuart”:
Maclean, Donald after 1938 [source Damaskin Harris]
Stuart
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
Student
League Against War and Fascism: A reference to the youth/student section of the
American League Against War and Fascism.
Study
(KGB tradecraft term): Vetting, a thorough background check on the target.
“Stukach”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Informer”. Stukach literally mens Knocker in Russian
with the connotation of one who gives information on other people gained by
going around and knocking on doors and windows and peering inside. Translations
include Fink, Stool Pigeon, or Informer.
Venona translated “Stukach” as “Informer”, and to avoid confusion,
“Stukach” is here translated as “Informer”.
“Stukach”
/ “Informer”: Joseph Katz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sturdza (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Suarez
Lopes, Luis (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Subcommittee
on War Mobilization of the U.S. Senate Military Affairs Committee: Chaired by
Senator Harley Kilgore and known as the Kilgore committee.
Subercaseaux,
Christian Casanova: “Carlos” [Karlos]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Suchan (ship) [source Venona]
Sudoplatov,
Pavel A.: Senior KGB officer, Moscow Center, early 1940s.[491]
Sudykoff
[Sudakov], Stephen (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Suk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Bough”.
“Suk”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Sukhomlin,
Vasily, employed by the Czechoslovak Information Service in the US, 1941-45,
Russian, former SR: Mars (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Sukhomlin,
Vasily Vasilyevich: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
source/agent. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sukhoy”.
“Sukhoy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See Vasily Vasilyevich Sukhomlin
“Sukhumskij”
[“Sukhumsky”]: Boguslavskij [Boguslavsky], Boris Mikhajlovich (KGB line)
[source Venona]
“Sul'fo” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sulpho”.
“Sullen”
/ “Ugryumyj”: Kirillov, Viktor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sullivan,
?: Described as aide to Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau.
“Sulpho”
[Sul'fo] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1943.
Acquired materials about the biological warfare.
Sulzberger,
Arthur Hays (KGB line) [source Venona]
Sumskaya,
?: Soviet embassy stenographer.
Sumskaya,
Anna Yulyevna: Mother of Varvara Dmitriyevna Hammer.
Sumskoi,
Mikhail Mikhailovich: Soviet intelligence officer/agent. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Makar”.
Sun
Fo?: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Sun
Teng Yang, General (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Supreme
Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF): Anglo-American and other
allied forces military command for Western Europe. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Kis”.
Supreme
Junta of National Unity, (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Suprun,
Fedor, Soviet airman of Soviet Government Purchasing Commission (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Sur”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Norman Bursler.
“Surrogate”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): U.S. Department of State, 1930s.
Suslov,
Mikhail A.: Senior Soviet official, part of Stalin’s inner circle after WWII.
Sussman,
Nathan: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Engineering classmate of Julius Rosenberg. Source in Julius Rosenberg’s technical intelligence
apparatus. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Tuk” prior to September 1944, then “Nil”.
Suvarin,
Boris: French Communist leader, early 1920s (sometimes spelled Souvarine).
Suvorin,
?: Know to Mark Zborowski. Likely a
figure in the Russian emigre community.
Suvorov
(ship) [source Venona]
“Svat”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Matchmaker”.
“Svat”
/ “Matchmaker”: Gusev, Makhail Maksimovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
SVAT:
Sovetskij Voennyj Attashe: Soviet Military Attache office. [source Venona]
Sven,
?: Soviet intelligence source source on Max Eastman in 1932. Described as the brother of Eliena
Vassilyenva Krylenko.
Sverdlova,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Sveshnikov,
Valdimir Vladimirovich: Soviet intelligence source/agent, military
technology. A 1948 Gorsky memo
Chambers/Karl’s group name.[492] Chambers noted that among the sources that
reported to Boris Bykov was a ballistics expert at the War Department. In statements to the FBI he identified
Valdimir Vladimirovich De Sveshnikov as the ballistics expert. Inteviewed by
the FBI, De Sveshnikov said he was first approached by Soviet intelligence in
the mid-1920s and from 1931 to 1938 or 1939 he furnished Soviet intelligenge
with industrial and military patents as well as military journals and received
regular payments in return. The
addition of “De” to the family name was a convention some emigre Russians
adopted to indicate aristocratic origin (authentic or assumed).
Sveshnikov,
Valdimir Vladimirovich aka De
Sveshnikov and DeSveshnikov, a. Source
for Chambers & Bykov network, ballistics expert. [source William Crane FBI]
“Svet”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): See “Light”.
“Svet”
/ “Light”: Raev, Aleksandr
Andreevich (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Svet”:
Rogov, Alexander, of military intelligence [source Feklisov ]
“Svoi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ours”.
SVR:
Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki – Foreign Intelligence Service of Russia.
Swanson,
Claude: U.S. Senator, 1910-1933 (D. VA).
“Swede”:
unidentified in Venona (possibly a
reference to Alexander Orlov in the Spanish Civil War) (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Swindler
[Zhulik]: See “Crook”.
Swing,
Raymond Gram
Switz,
Robert Gordon: Soviet intelligence source/agent. American, born 1904, attended private prep schools, then
University of Besancon, University of Strassbourg, and University of
Paris. Recruited by a Russian friend in
New York, worked for GRU in 1932-1933, contact with a GRU source, former Young
Communist League member and U.S. Army Corporal Robert Osman in Panama. Identified by French security while on a GRU
mission to France in 1933, imprisoned for nine months, cooperated with French
and American authorities and released.[493]
Switzerland
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Cover name “Mountains”.
Swystunn,
Wasyl (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Sylvia”
[Sil'vi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent. References to in
1940. (Likely the wife of Arnold
Deutsch.)
“Syn”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Son”.
“Syn”/ “Son”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Syn”
/ “Son”: Rudy Baker, chief of CPUSA covert apparatus, WWII. [source Klehr Haynes Firsov Secret World]
Synchromatic
company: Described as a firm which manufactures equipment for the U.S. atomic
program in 1949.
“Syndicate”
[Sindikat] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): People's Commissariat
of Foreign Affairs, USSR.
“Syndicate”/ Sindikat: Peoples’s Commissariat of Foreign
Affairs. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Synok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sonny”.
Szilard,
Leo: Hungarian-American physicist and senior scientist on the Manhattan atomic
project.
Szwalbe,
Stanislaw: Left Polish Socialist who collaborated with the Communists after
WWII.
XXT
T”.:
[TT] unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“T”
[TT] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): World Tourists.
Tabouis,
Genevieve (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Tabouis,
Geneviève: Refugee French journalist/writer, editor of the New York based
anti-Vichy newspaper Pour la victoire.
Taft,
Robert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Taft,
Robert: U.S. Senator (R. OH).
Taganrog:
Soviet ship (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tagore”:
Kolesnikov, Aleksandr Grigorevich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Taigonos
(ship) [source Venona]
Takahashi:
unclear reference to a Japanese political element allegedly linked to
Trotskyism.
“Tal-1”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Paul Williams.
“Talant”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Talent”.
“Talent”
/ Talant: William M. Malisoff (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Talent”
[Talant] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent of scientific-technological intelligence, mid-30s. Likely William Malisoff. “Talent” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as William Marias Malisoff (Malisov) prior to October 1944.[494]
“Talmudist”
[cover name for a technical position in GRU office, probably crytographic]
[source Venona]
“Tan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Harry Magdoff, 1945-1948. “Tan” appeared only once in the deciphered
Venona traffic, in a 1945 message, and was unidentified; but the context was
consistent with it being Magdoff.[495]
“Tan”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent
tentatively planned to be sent to U.S. in 1934.
“Tan”:
unidentified cover name [possible Perlo group] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tanenbaum,
?: Jacob Golos recommended for recruitment on technical line in 1942.
Tank
Destroyer T-70 [source Venona]
“Tanya”:
Tery, Simone: Simone Terry Jacquet De Chabas (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Tanz,
Alfred: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Amigo”.
Taradin,
Aleksej [Aleksey], Soviet Naval Attache in Stockhom. Aug 42-Dec. 46
Taradina,
wife of Aleksej [Aleksey] Taradin, Soviet Naval Attache in Stockhom. Aug
42-Dec. 46 (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Taradonova,
Olga Ignatevna (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Taran”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Battering Ram.
Taran,
Lev Grigoryevich: Manager of Russky Golos.
“Taras”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as a female
hair cutter assigned to anti-Trotsky work. References to in 1932.
Tarasov,
Lev A.: “Yury”: Yurij (Resident, Mexico City) Tarasov was first sec in Mexico
until Dec 1944 [KGB Mexico City line and U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tarasov,
Yuri: “Lev”: real name Yuri [Yury] Vasilevsky code [source Damaskin Harris]
Tarnopolsky:
See Tarr, Shifra.
Tarnovskaya
- Randegger: Described as wife of an Italian Banker.
Tarr,
Shifra: Soviet intelligence source/agent targeted at Trotskyist movement. Described as the widow of the Communist
Tarr/Tarnopolsky.
“Tarulis”:
Osipov (KGB line) [source Venona]
Tasin,
Yakov Naumovich: Birth name of Jacob Golos.
TASS:
Telegraf-noye agentstvo Sovetskogo Soyuza —Telegraph Agency of the Soviet
Union, Soviet news agency. Cover name in Vassiliev notebooks “Editorial
Office”.
“Tasya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence officer/agent.
References to in 1937.
“Tasya”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tattersell,
Herbert W.: “Artiste” (U.K. line)
Tatyana ?: Given name of the girlfriend of Armand
Victorovich Hammer at Moscow State University.
Taylor,
?: Described as U.S. official negotiating with the Polish government in London.
Taylor,
?: Described as someone who accompanied Glenn Fowler to the U.K. in 1941 on a
Manhattan Project related task.
Taylor,
Geoffrey Ingram: British physicist and key member of the British contingent in
the Manhattan atomic project.
Taylor,
G.I. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Taylor,
Glen: U.S. Sentor (D. Idaho, 1945-1950).
Progressive Party candidate for vice-president in 1948.
Taylor:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Taylor,
William H.: Acorn [source West Venona]
Taylor,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Treasury Department official. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of
the Silvermaster espionage group.
Taylor sued the Washington Daily News in 1954 for libel for its
coverage of Bentley’s statement that he was part of an espionage ring. Not wanting the expense of a trial, the
newspaper settled the suit out of court and withdrew its statements about Taylor. Bentley was upset by the paper’s retreat,
and she herself never retracted her description of Taylor. Taylor’s lawyers
prepared a wide-ranging study that assailed Bentley as a liar and fraud and
circulated it widely to the press. The FBI answered with a memo that replied
point-by-point and supported Bentley’s credibility.[496] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Odysseus”
Tchaikovsky,
Pyotr Ilyich: Well-known Russian composer.
Tea
Room: see “Tea Shop”.
Tea
Shop”: Commerce Department (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tea
Shop” [Chaynaya] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. Department
of Commerce, circa 1944. “Tea Shop” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as the Commerce Department.
“Teacher”
/ “Uchitelnita” (female): unidentified
cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Teacher”
[Uchitel'nitsa] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Leah Melament.[497]
Technic
Research: Reference to the organization Consumers Research.
“Technican”:
Nosov, Fedor A. TASS KGB Australian
line [West Venona]
“Technician”:
unidentifed source GRU London U.K. line [West Venona]
“Ted”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Edward Fitzgerald. References to in 1944. “Ted” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Fitzgerald.[498]
“Ted”:
Fitzgerald, Edward J. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Teddy:
See “Fedya”.
Tedeschi,
Luis (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Telberg,
Ina: analyst in Far East Division of OSS (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Teller,
Edward: Hungarian-born senior American theoretical physicist and a leading
figure in the Manhattan atomic project, pioneer in development of the Hydrogen
fusion bomb.
Teller,
Edward (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Temple”:
White House (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Temple”
[Khram] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): White House circa
1944. “Temple” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as the White House.
Temporary
Commission on Ration Questions: The specific body referenced is unclear.
“Ten”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Liveit-Levit, Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1930s.
“Ten”:
Michael Burd (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tennessee
Valley Association: Mistake for Tennessee Valley Authority
Tennessee
Valley Authority: U.S. government regional hydroelectric and flood-control
agency.
Tenney,
Helen: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Analyst of the OSS’s Spanish division during World War II, after the OSS
dissolved, she became an employee of the Strategic Services Unit (intelligence)
of the Department of State working on Soviet matters. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as one of her singleton espionage
sources. KGB sent Comintern a vetting
inquiry about her in 1944.[499] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Muse”.
“Tenor”:
Burd, Michael (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Tenth”
[Desyatym] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Described as someone who recommended Alexander and Helen Koral to
the KGB for courier work. Philip
Rosenbliett, who recommended the Korals to the KGB, is a candidate for “Tenth”. In a marginal annotation to the passage
about “Tenth”, Vassiliev wrote “10 -- Rosenbliett?”[500] This confuses “Tenth” with the digital cover
name “10”, the cover name of Ludwig Lore.
Terenev
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Terentev,
Aleksandr (KGB line) [source Venona]
Terentev
(on ship Emba): Fedorov (KGB line) [source Venona]
Terentij
[Terenty] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Ternej
[Terny] (ship) [source Venona]
Terrell,
Frederick: Elizabeth Bentley’s maternal grandfather.[501]
Terrill,
Mary Charlotte: Maiden name of Elizabeth Bentley’s mother.
“Territory”
[“Kray”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Canada. “Kray”
translated as “Land” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Canada.
Tery,
Simone [Simone Terry Jacquet De Chabas]: “Tanya” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Teska”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Namesake”.
“Texas
”: Carrillo Marcor, Alejanbro (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Tharnycroft:
Misspelling of Thornycroft.
Thayer,
Charles: Senior CIA official, late 1940s.
The
Great Conspiracy (KGB line) [source
Venona]
The
Hour (KGB line) [source Venona]
Theophilus:
Metropolitan Theophilus Pashkovsky of the American-Russian Orthodox Church in
San Francisco (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Theremin,
Leon: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Frenchman”.
“Third
line”: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Thomas”
also “Brother” / “Brat”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Thomas,
Elbert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Thomas,
Elbert: U.S. Senator (D. Utah).
Thomas,
J. Parnell: U.S. Representative (R. NJ).
Thomas,
Lowell: Radio and television journalist.
Thomas
McKean (ship) [source Venona]
Thomas,
Norman: Leader of the Socialist Party in the 1930s.
Thomas:
Pseudonym used by Sergey Kurnakov.
Thomas,
R.J.: President of the UAW in 1945.
“Thomas”
[Tomas] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. “Thomas” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent whose
cover name was “Brother” until changed to “Thomas” in October 1944.[502] William Plourde is a candidate for
“Thomas”/“Brother”. A deciphered KGB cable suggested that William Plourde, an
engineer at Bell, was a Shevchenko source but no cover name for him was
given. Plourde, then, would be a
candidate for “Thomas”.[503]
Thomas’s
committee (description): House Committee on Un-American Activities when chaired
by Rep. J. Parnell Thomas (R. NJ).
Thompson,
assistant editor of Time, anti-Soviet , Craig Thompson? (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Thompson,
Robert (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Thorez,
Maurice: French Communist leader.
“Thornton”:
Malyshev, Mikhail Vladimerovich (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Thornycroft,
Priscilla,: Wife of German Communist Hans Siebert and the sister of Kate
Thornycroft Field.
Through
Embassy Eyes: Authored by Martha Dodd
[Stern] in 1939.[504]
“Thrush”
/ “Dozd” also “Akhmed”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Thrush”
[Drozd] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Cover name
changed to “Akhmed” in September 1944.
“Thrush” appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agen, cover name changed to “Akhmed” in September 1944.[505]
Tietjen:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tikhomirov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Tikhomirova,
Aleksandra Vasilevna (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Tikhomirova,
Elena Nikolaevna (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Tikhon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified KGB chief of station Paris,
postwar, chief of station, U.S., 1952.
“Tikhon”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent at Northrup mid-1930s. References to in 1942.
Tikkakoski
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Till,
Irene,: Harold Glasser's first wife.
Timok
Ship
Timoshek (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Timoshenko,
S.G., math CA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Timoshina,
?: Soviet embassy stenographer.
“Tina”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent in
British atomic project. Likely Melita
Stedman Norwood. “Tina” is described
as born in 1912, a secret Communist, and a secretary with the British
Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association, all of which fit Norwood. “Tina” was also identified as Norwood in
Andrew and Mitrokhin. “Tina” appeared
in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent
in the U.K.[506]
“Tina”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Described as someone known to Alexander
Koral in the 1930s, possibly an associate of the Rosenbliett network.[507]
“Tino”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Irving Kaplan.
“Tir”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tyre”.
Tirana,
Rifa (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tis”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Yew”.
Tishkov,
A.: KGB officer at Moscow Center, 1946, 1953.
Titmouse:
see “Sinitsa”.
“Tito”:
Ugalde, Petro (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tito,
Josip Broz: Yugoslav Communist leader.
Tixier,
Adrien (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tkach,
Mikhail: Editor of the Ukrainian Daily News and Communist activist.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Perch”.
Tkach,
Mikhail: “Perch” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Tkachev,
Vasilij [Vasily] Ilich (KGB line)
[source Venona]
“Tobi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Toby”.
Tobol
(ship)
“Toby”
[Tobi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1938.
“Todd”:
an employee of Tass. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Todd
Shipyards (KGB line) [source Venona]
Todo:
unidentified, possibly a Mexican publication] (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Todrin,
Moses (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
TOF
Tikhookeanskij [Tikhookeansky] Flot [Soviet Pacific fleet] (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Togliatti,
Palmiro: Italian Communist leader, Comintern party name Ercoli.
Togmach,
Mustafa: Pseudonym used in China by Iskhak Akhmerov.
Tolan
Committee: Press label for the U.S. House Select Committee Investigating
National Defense Migration chaired by Rep. John H. Tolan (D. CA).
Tolchin,
Alexander: Soviet intelligence source/agent, industrial espionage, early 1930s.
Described as a Russian Jewish engineer
in Detroit. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Sam”.
Toledano,
Vicente Lombardo: Mexican labor leader aligned with the Communist party.
Tolstikov,
Valentin Efimovich: “Ruby” / “Rubin”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tolstikova,
Maria Andreevna nee Lebedeva: “Ira”
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tom”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence officer/agent, under
“Nord” 1934. Described as dealing with
West Coast Japanese tasks. Naum
“Leonid” Eitingon is a strong candidate for “Tom”. Eitingon used “Tom” as a cover name during much of his
career. Senior KGB officer Pavel
Sudoplatov in his memoir wrote of Eitingon working on the American West Coast
in the 1930s.[508]
“Tom
”: Eitingon, General Leonid Aleksandrovich (Ejtingon)] (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
“Tom”:
Leonid Eitingon [source Sudoplatov]
“Tom”:
[Sorvin], Aleksej [Aleksey] Ivanovich, head of tank department of SGPC in DC
(GRU line) [source Venona]
“Tom”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Tomas”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Thomas”.
“Tomas”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1948, under Amtorg cover.
“Tomas”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tomchin,
?: Soviet intelligence officer/agent know to Jacob Golos and later arrested in
the purge of the security services.
Tomiak,
Jan ...wa (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tommi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tommy”.
“Tommy”
[“Tommi”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, New York, 1930.
“Tomson”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Toni”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tony”.
“Tony”
[Toni] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent, member Cambridge group, U.K. 1940-1942, friend of Michael
Straight. Likely Anthony Blunt. “Tony” was identified in Andrew and
Mitrokhin as Blunt.
“Tony”
[Toni] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified member of KGB
illegal station 1936.
“Tonya”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Topalovic,
Zhivko, head of the Jygoslav Social Democratic party in 1944 (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Torpedo
Corporation.
“Toto”:
Victoria Mercanton-Spiri: Pozner, Victoria
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tourist”:
Hill, James, Australian line [West Venona]
Tovstykh,
Aleksandr Vasilevich, October 1943, SGPC (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Townsman”:
U.S. citizen male, Americans (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Townsman”
[Gorozhanin], also “Townsmen” and “Townspeople” [Gorozhane]
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): American and Americans circa 1944.
“Townsman” was identified in the Venona decryptions as an Amererican.
“Townswoman”:
U.S. citizen female (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Trachtenberg,
Alexander: Senior CPUSA official involved with its publishing and financial
activities.
“Trade
Union” [Profsoyuz] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): the Soviet
Communist Party organization within Soviet institutions in the U.S.
“Trading
House”: unidentified institution (GRU
line)[source Venona]
Train,
Rear Admiral Cecil, (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Trakhtenberg
(on Soviet ship): “Sem” (KGB line) [source Venona]
Tramm,
?: American scientist, described as assistant to Robert Van de Graaff.
“Transatlantic”
and “Transatlantica” [Zaatlantik and Zaatlantika] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Suspected anti-Soviet conspiracy/organization operating
under the cover of McClure Newspaper syndicate.
Transbalt
(ship) [source Venona]
“Treasurer”
[Kaznachey] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Described as on the staff of the U.S. Embassy in
Moscow 1940, recruited prior to departure from the U.S. but contact not established
in Moscow as of early 1941.
Treasury,
U.S. Department of the.
Tree,
Dorothy: Wife of Michael Uris.
Recommended as candidate for KGB contact in 1949 by Martha Dodd.
“Trel”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Trill”.
“Trest”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Trust”.
Tretyakovka:
Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.
“reuil,
Raymond, (KGB U.S. Line) [source
Venona]
“Tribune”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Trilisser,
Mikhail Abramovich: Chief of foreign intelligence for Cheka-OGPU, 1922-1929,
then worked in Comintern foreign operations under the name Mikhail
Aleksandrovich Moskvin. Arrested in
Stalin’s Terror and executed.
“Trill”
[Trel] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): File name for documents on
illegal U.S.-Canada border crossing.
“Trio”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tronova,
Olimpiada Grigorevna, probationer [Soviet intelligence Lyusya (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Tross,
Vera (KGB line) [source Venona]
Trotsky,
Leon: “Old Man” / “Starik” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Trotsky,
Leon: “Old Man” (KGB U.S. line) [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
Trotsky,
Leon: Leader of the 1917 Bolshevik coup.
Exiled rival of Joseph Stalin.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Old Man” and “Tyuk”.
Trotsky,
Natalia Ivanova: Natalia Ivanova Sedova-Trotsky: “Old Woman”/ “Starukha”: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Trotskyists:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks “Tyuks”, 1930s.
Troyanovsky,
Aleksandr A.: First Soviet ambassador to the United States, 1934-1938.
Trudfront
(ship) [source Venona]
Truman,
Bess: Wife of President Truman.
Truman,
Harry”: Matros: Sailor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Truman,
Harry: President of the United States.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sailor”.
Truman,
Margaret: Daughter of President Truman.
Truman,
U.S. Army officers of The Twelve Apostles [source Venona]
Trushin,
Vasilij [Vasily] Ivanovich, diplomatic
courier (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Trust”:
Soviet Embassy (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Trust”
[Trest] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Embassy of the USSR.
“Trust” was identified in the Venona decryptions as the Soviet embassy.
“Truten'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Drone”.
“Ts-16”
[ts16]: unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
TsAGI:
Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute.
“Tsekh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Workshop”.
Tsekolskiy
, Edward [E. Cenkalski] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Tselnis,
Robert [Tsel'nis]: Described as a GRU group handler in late 1930s who
defected. Possibly a pseudonym for
Whittaker Chambers, who was a GRU group handler who defected in the late 1930s,
although this is a pseudonym never before linked to Chambers (or anyone
else). Reported as a GRU response to a
query from KGB as to the identify of the GRU agent “Karl” and may be a
confusion or misunderstanding because “Karl” is elsewhere in the notebooks
identified as Whittaker Chambers. The
Russian, Tsel'nis, could be translated as Zelnis.
“Tsentr”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Center”.
Tsentrosoyuz:
USSR Central Union of Consumer Societies.
“Tserber”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Cerberus”.
“Tserber”
/ “Cerberus”: unidentified cover name [or transliteration of surname such as
Cerber or Zerber] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tsiolkovskij
[Tsiolkovsky] (ship) [source Venona]
“Tsirk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Circus”.
TsK
VKP(b): Central Committee All-Union Communist Party (bolshevik)
“Tskganov”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Tsukerman,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Tsuryupa,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Tu..”.:
Nil: partial of unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tu..”.:
partial of unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Tuapse
(ship) [source Venona]
“Tuba”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Vienna, 1950.
Tuballoy:
Manhattan atomic project term for certain types of natural uranium prior to
enrichment.
“Tube
Alloys”: British cover name for its WWII atomic bomb project.
Tuckett,
Angela: Assistant Editor of the British Daily Worker. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Akta”.
Tuckman,
Lewis: Member of “Vendor’s” CPUSA espionage group.
“Tuk”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nathan Sussman, a member of Julius
Rosenberg’s espionage apparatus prior to September 1944. A partially decoded cover name, “Tu..”,
appeared in the Venona decryptions as a unidentified member of Julius
Rosenberg’s technical intelligence apparatus, likely a partial decoding of
“Tuk”.[509]
Tukhachevsky,
Mikhail: Successful Red Army commander in the Russian civil war, leader of Red
Army forces in the Polish-Bolshivik war, reformed the Red Army in the late
1920s and 1930s with advanced doctrines, made Marshal of the Soviet Union in
1935 aged only 42. Arrested on in 1937
in Stalin’s Terror and charged with organization of "military-Trotskyist
conspiracy" and espionage for Nazi Germany. Tukhachevsky and eight other
leading military commanders were convicted, and executed in June 937.
“Tulip”:
Zborowski, Mark [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Tulip”
/“Tulpan” “Tyulpan”: Zborowski, Mark (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tulip”
[Tyul'pan] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Mark Zborovsky prior to
September 1944. “Tulip” was identified
in the Venona decryptions as Zborovsky.[510]
Tumantsev
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Tunets
(ship) [source Venona]
“Tunic”
[Khiton] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, described as part of “Nick’s” group in 1948.
Tupolev,
Andrey Nikolayevich: Leading Soviet aircraft designer and head of a design bureau.
“Tur”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Turaev,
Aleksandr Semenovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Turbin,
Georgy Vasilyevich: Amtorg official, mid-1920s.
Turkmen
(ship)
Turksib:
Turkestan-Siberian Railroad.
Tuwin,
Julian in Venona traffic as Tuwin:
Tuwim
or Tuvin, unidentified, likley Julian Tuwin, Polish Poet. (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Tuzov”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tven”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Twain”.
“Tven”:
S. Semyonov [Semenov] [source Andrew
Mitrokhin Sword]
“Tven”:
S. Semyonov [Semenov] [source Albright
Kunstel Bombshell]
Tveryanovich,
?: Soviet engineer at the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission.
“Twain”
/ “Tven”: Semenov, Semen Markovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Twain”
[Tven] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): KGB officer Semen Markovich
Semenov. “Twain” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Semenov.
Twentieth
Century Fox (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Twist”:
Pravdyuk, Vasilij [Vasily] Vasilievich,
Secretary to Soviet Naval Attache from May 1943 (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Tyazh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Likely
Irving Goff.
“Tyosca”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Khotimsky. Soviet intelligence officer/agent, illegal early 30s.
“Tyre”:
New York (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Tyre”
[Tir] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): New York City. “Tyre” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as New York.
“Tyuk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Leon Trotsky, 1930s.
“Tyuks”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Trotskyists, 1930s.
“Tyulen'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Seal”.
“Tyul'pan”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Tulip”.
“Tyulpan”
/ “Tulip”: Mark Zborowski (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
XXU
Ubico,
Jorge (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Uchitel'nitsa”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Teacher”. (A female teacher.)
UCN:
Unidentified Cover Name. Venona project
designation for an unbroken code group for a cover name [source Venona]
“UCN/12”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/13”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/14”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/16”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/19”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/20”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/21”:
unidentified name cover-name is .....d (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/22”:
Johnstone, Betty [West Venona][U.K. line??]
“UCN/22”:
unidentified name last syllable is “gel” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/28”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/29”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/30”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/4”:
Sergej [Sergey], Vladimr Pravdin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/41”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/6”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/7”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“UCN/9”:
Cedric Belfrage, British Security Co-ordination office. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Udarnik
(ship) [source Venona]
Udeanu,
Ludovici: Rumanian name of Louis Dolivet.
Udet,
Ernst: Senior Luftwaffe officer, 1930s.
Uellen (ship) [source Venona]
UFWA:
United Federal Workers of America.
Ugalde,
Petro, Chilean Consul in Cuba: “Tito” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Uglov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1948, may be chief of station in U.S.
“Ugol'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Coal”.
“Ugryumyj”
/ “Sullen”: Kirillov, Viktor (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
UK
RSFSR: Ugolovnyj Kodeks Rossiyskaya
Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika — Criminal Code,
Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic
Ukhov,
German A. (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Ukrainets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ukrainian”.
“Ukrainian”
[Ukrainets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): ? Rybak, a source on
left Ukrainians.
Ukrainian
Canadian Committee (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ukrainian
Immigration: Precisely what organizations is being referenced is unclear.
Ukrainian
National Federation (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ukrainian
National Organization: Anti-Soviet Ukrainian nationalist organization.
Ukrainian
National Organization (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ukrainian
National Union (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ukrainian
Self-Reliance League (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ukrainian
Voice (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Ulanov
[Ulanovski, Ulanovsky], Alexander Petrovich, known as Ulrich and Walter to
Chambers [source Chambers Witness]
Ulanova,
Nadya (Ulanovskaya): “Elaine” [source Tanenhaus Whittaker Chambers]
Ulbricht,
Walter: First Secretary of the SED from 1950 to 1971 and ruler of the German
Democratic Republic (East Germany).
Ule,
Alexander: Described as a writer for PM, 1946.
Ullman,
Frank: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Source on military tanks 1938.
Described as a Jew from Austria.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ural” and “Arch”.
Ullmann,
Lloyd: Error for Ludwig Ullmann.
Ullmann,
William Ludwig: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Polo” prior to August 1944,
“Donald” in August 1944, “Pilot” starting in September 1944.
Ullmann,
William Ludwig: “Polo” also “Pilot” also
“Donald” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Ullman-Pogorelskaya,
Tamara: Wife of Frank Ullman. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Angel”.
Ulrich:
Alexander Ulanov, Chambers’ Soviet intelligence contact [source Chambers Witness]
Umansky,
Konstantin: Senior Soviet diplomat.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Seal”.
Umansky,
Konstantin: “Editor” [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
Umansky,
Konstantin Aleksandrovich: possibly “Seal”.
Umansky is “Redaktor” / “Editor” on the Mexico City and San Francisco
lanes. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Umberto-Badoglio (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Uminsky,
Celia: Mother of Harry Gold.
“Umnitsa”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Clever Girl.
“Umnitsa”
/ alternate translation “Clever Girl”
/ “Smart Girl” / “Good Girl”: Bentley, Elizabeth (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Umnyshkova,
wife of Aleksej [Aleksey] Umnyshkov, secretary in Soviet Naval Attache office
Stockhom,, Nov. 42-Sept 44. (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“Uncle”
/ “Dyadya”: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Uncle”
[Dyadya] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1933.
“Uncle”
[Dyadya] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Director of the Soviet
Government Purchasing Commission, circa 1944.
(Note overlap with “Uncle”/Folkoff]
“Uncle”
[Dyadya] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent and senior CPUSA leader in California and liaison with KGB,
1943-1945. Likely Isaac Folkoff. “Uncle” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Isaac Folkoff.[511] [Note overlap with “Uncle”/Director of SGPC]
“Uncle”
/ “Dyadya”: Folkoff (Folkov), Isaac
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Unger,
Menashe, chairman of the American
Committee of Jewish Writers, Artists and Scientists (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
unidentifed
industrial spy and head of lab at steel company [source Chambers Witness]
Unidentifed
person [unknown to Soviets, too] summer 1944, delivered atomic information to
New York Soviet Consulate [source Venona]
unidentified
industrial spay at arms company
[source Chambers Witness]
unidentified
industrial spy ballistic expert at War Department [source Chambers Witness]
“unidentified
name aj”: Vorontsov (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name am” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name au”: Egipko (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name bi” [cipher clerk (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name bn” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name bt” (occasionally noted as
Egorichev but that does not seem right) (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name cb”: Bogdenko (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name ce”: Egorichev (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name cm” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name cp”: Piterski (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name cx” (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name da”: Akulin (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name eighteen”, #18 (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name eighty-five”, #85: Piterskij [Pitersky] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name eighty-three”, #83: Akulin (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name fifty-four”, #54 (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“unidentified
name five”, #5: Egorichev, Capt (1st
Rank) I.A. Soviet Naval Attache DC] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name forty-five”, #45 in Moscow (NGRU
line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name forty-two”, #42”: Vorontsov, M.A.,
Captain (First Rank) (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name nine”, #9 in Moscow (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“unidentified
name ninety-four”, #94 (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“unidentified
name ninety-one”, #91: Egorichev, (NGRU
line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name one”, #1 [Naval GRU line] [source
Venona]
“unidentified
name sixteen”, #16: unidentified name
bf: [cipher officer, Moscow] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name thirteen #13 [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
“unidentified
name thirty-eight”, #38 (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
“unidentified
name twenty”, #20 [Head of OVS prior to
Egipko] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“unidentified
name twenty-four”, #24 [Stepanov, G.A.,
Vice-Admiral, acting chief of Naval Staff] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Unidentified
New York City passport office staff in contact with Jacob Golos for false
passports.
Unidentified
person who left information on the Manhattan atomic project at a Soviet office
in New York in January 1944.
Unidentified
person in Spanish consulate, NY in contact with Jacob Golos for false Spanish
passports.
Unidentified
radar source recruited by Morris Cohen in 1942, [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
Unidentified,
radio engineer a director at Sperry labs, on electro mechanical gun sights and
aircraft controls, ships, [Target for recruitment], (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Unidentified,
radio engineer at Sandy Hook Army Signal Corps lab, wife CPUSA. [Target for
recruitment] (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Unidentified
seven men in contact with KGB, recruited by OSS for assignments in Yugoslavia,
but contact lost.
Unidentified
source is an Ameican working as a clerk in the Strategic Directorate of Allied
Joint Staff. (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Unidentified
Soviet intelligence source/agent at U.S. embassy in Riga, 1924.
Unidentified
target of recruitment by Harry Gold described as at the Philadelphia Naval Yard
and a unionist.
Unidentified
two men in contact with KGB, recruited by OSS, sent to Britain, contact
retained.
Unidentified
two men in contact with KGB, infiltrated into Spain, contact lost by KGB.
Unidentified,
working at steel foundry in Harrison NJ, (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Union
Carbide corporation.
Union
for the Salvation of Russia: Anti-Bolskevik, White organization.
Union
of American Youth in the Struggle for a Free World [Naval GRU line] [source
Venona]
Union
of Young American Farmers [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Union
[Soyuz]: USSR, early 1940s.
Union
[Soyuz] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. Federal Bureau of
Investigations in 1949.
Union
Tours travel agency.
United
Distillers of America Inc.
United
Federal Workers of America (UFWA): Small CIO union under Communist leadership.
United
Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). American-funded wartime relief and
rehabilitation agency. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Shelter”.
United
States government: “League” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
United
States government: “League” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks).
Universal
Service: Hearst newspapers press agency.
University
of Chicago: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Seminary”.
University
of Florence, Italy.
University
of Perugia, Italy.
UNKVD:
Internal Soviet regional branch of NKVD.
UNO:
United Nations Organization.
UNRRA:
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Shelter”.
Unshlikht,
Iosif Stanislavovich: Polish-born Bolshevik.
Deputy chief of GRU, 1920s, executed in Stalin’s Terror.
Untermyer,
Samuel: Prominent American lawyer and civic activist.
“Ural”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Frank Ullman.
“Ural”:
Karpekov, Nikolaj [Nikolay] Prokopevich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Uralmash
(ship) [source Venona]
Urbanites
(Townsmen)”: Gorozhane: Americans (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Urenev,
Vasilij [Vasily] Petrovich, director of
Factory Technical school (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Urevich,
Stephen: See Urewich, Stephen
Urewich,
Stephen: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
(Alternative spelling Urevich).
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Fisherman” until September 1944,
then “Block”. “Block” and “Fisherman”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.[512]
Urey,
Harold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Urey,
Harold: Leading American physicist.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Elder”.
Uribe
Galdeano, Vicent Don (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Uris,
Michael: Hollywood writer. Recommended
as candidate for KGB contact in 1949 by Martha Dodd.
Uritskij
[Uritsky] (ship) [source Venona]
Uritsky,
Semen: Chief of the GRU, 1937, later executed.
Urtel,
??: Described as executive officer of Telefunken, 1945.
Urzua,
Avelino, Chilean diplomat (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
U.S.
ambassador in Berne [source Venona]
U.S.
government: “League” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks).
U.S.
government: “League” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona].
U.S.
Rubber Company.
U.S.
Service and Shipping Corporation: Cover business set up by Jacob Golos and run
by Elizabeth Bentley after World Tourists was forced to registered as an agent
of the Soviet government. World Tourists continued to exist, headed by
Golos, and functioned as a subcontractor to U.S. Service and Shipping. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Complex”.
U.S.
State Departmen: “Bank” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
USA:
“Country” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Usatov,
Vasiliy [Vasily]: Soviet POW interviewed by American intelligence.
USIA:
United States Information Agency.
Ussuri (ship) [source Venona]
Utekhin,
?: Senior KGB officer Moscow Center, 1951.
Uzbekistan
(ship) [source Venona]
“Uzel”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hub”.
XXV
V.
[vv]: initial of redacted, engineer, Swiss, born in Hungary, to U.S. in 1922,
worked with Sikorsky and for North American, and Consolidated. Living in L.A.
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“V”.:
likely initial of unknown cover name or name connected with Boris Morros (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vacek:
See “Vatsek”.
“Vachnadze”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vadim”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Anatoly Gorsky. “Vadim” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Gorsky under
his diplomatic pseudonym of Anatoly Gromov.
“Vadim”:
Gorsky, Anatoli [Anatoly] Veniaminovich [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Vadim”:
Gromov, Anatolij [Anatoly] Borisovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vague”:
Miller, James Walter (KGB line) [source Venona]
Vajli,
Major Andrew, Chief of Eastern European Sector of NIS (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Vakhrushev,
?: Deputy department head of the Committee for Cultural Relations in Moscow in
1957.
Val
(nick name): Victor Perlo’s nick name, 1944-1945.
Valedares,
Portela (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Valentina”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Valerij”
[“Valery”]: unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Valet”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Jan Winter in 1944.
“Valet”
[Valeta] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Described as
used by Iskhak Akhmerov in mid-1930s for surveillance of “Leo” (Ludwig Lore)
along with the unidentified agent “Rita”.
Candidates for “Valet” include Hede Massing and Gerda Frankfurter.[513][514]
“Valeta”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Valet”.
Valle,
Alfonso Castro, Mexican diplomat (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Val'ter”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Walter”.
Vambery,
Rusztem (Free Hungarian Movement) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Van”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Likely Jean Van Heijenoort, early 1940s.
“Van”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1948
“Van”:
probably Jean Louis Maxime Van Heijenoort: Jean Louis Maximo, aka Marc Loris,
4th International secretary (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Van
Alen, William (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Van
de Graaff, Robert: American scientist.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Dragon”.
van
der Lubbe, Marinus: Dutch Communist executed in Germany for arson attack on the
German Reichstag.
Van
Heijenoort, Jean: French-born mathematician and personal secretary to Leon
Trotsky from 1932 to 1939. Cover name
in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Van” (early 1940s).
Van
Tassel, Alfred: Secret Communist.
Employed National Research Project in the mid-1930s and later by the
Labor Department, War Production Board, War Assets Administratin, Senate Small
Business Committee, and the U.N. Technical Assistance Administration. In 1952 Van Tassel invoked the Fifth
Amendment to refused to answer congressional committee questions regarding
covert CPUSA membership.[515] He was subsequently fired by U.N. Secretary
General Trygve Lie. Victor Perlo in a
15 March 1945 memo thought Van Tassell had Soviet contact.
“Vanda”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Wanda”.
Vandenberg,
Arthur H. (KGU.S. Senator (R. MI) (KGB line) [source Venona]
Vandenberg,
Hoyt . Senior Army Air Force and USAF general (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vanderschmidt,
Fred: Executive at Newsweek magazine.
“Vanguard”
[Avangard] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1930s, NY station.
Vanin,
? (real name, possibly a cover name): Senior KGB officer, Moscow Center, 1957.
“Vano”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
Vanzetti
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vardo”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Elizabeth Zarubin, early 1940s. Also known
as Yelizaveta Zarubina. (Vardo means
Rose in Georgian.) “Vardo” was identified in the Venona decryptions as
Elizaveta Zarubin.
“Vardo”:
Elisavetz [Elizabeth] Y. Zubilina [Zarubina] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Varie,
Inoke N.: Soviet intelligence source/agent, technical source. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bolt”.
Varitskij,
[Varitsky], V. (ship) [source Venona]
Varno
Bank (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vashch:
Name by which Alfred Stern referred to Vasily Zarubin.
Vasilevsky,
Aleksandr Mikhaylovich: Soviet general and minister of defense, 1949-1953.
Vasilevsky,
Lev: Senior KGB officer, chief of the Mexico City station in 1944 under the
name Lev Tarasov. Later a senior
official at Moscow Center.
Vasiliev,
Andrej [Andrey] Evtrovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Vasily”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Zelman Passov.
Vasilyev,
?: Described as connected to the Central Committee of the VKP(b).
Vasilyev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Vasilyev,
S. A.: Described as Amtorg engineer, associate of A. Petrov and Vasily Delgass
and head of the magazine Amerikanskaya Tekhnika.
“Vasin”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Weisband, in 1950, after “Zhora”.
Vassiliev,
A.E.: co-author of KGB book Station Chief Gold.
Vassiliev,
S.A.: Amtorg engineer, 1926, suspected of being a British agent.
“Vasya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent at Amtorg, 1934.
“Vatsek”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Paul Massing. (Alternative translations: Vacek, Watsek).
Vatseti
(ship) [source Venona]
Vava:
Affectionate form of "Varvara" in Russian.
“Vavilon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Babylon”.
Vavilov,
K.: Soviet diplomat, 1946. May be
garble for Mikhail S. Vavilov.
Vavilov,
Mikhail Sergeevich: Soviet diplomat and Soviet intelligence co-optee caring out
KGB tasks. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Oleg”.
Vavilov,
Mikhail Sergeevich: “Oleg” (KGB line)
[source Venona]
Vavilov,
Nikolay: Leading Soviet geneticist.
Arrested and died in prison for failing to support Lysenkoism.
Vaynshteyn,
Grigory Isakovich: NKID official arrested as a Menshevik in 1939.
Vazquez
Gomez: On: “He” (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Vazquez
Gomez, Elena: Elena: Seda (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Veatch,
Roy: State Department official, Office of the Advisor on International Economic
Affairs, 1937-38.
Vechernyaya
Moskva.
“Vector”
[Vektor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Enrico Fermi.
“Vega
”: Potemkin, Dmitrij [Dmitry] Mikhaylovich, assistant Tass rep in Mexico City]
(KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Veil”
[Veyl'] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, worked for KGB at World Fair 1939. References to in 1941, 1943, and 1945 and
described as among “ a group of valuable agents who are used for the station’s
operational activities (surveillance, background checks, removals,
eavesdropping, etc)”.[516] Irving George Schuman is a candidate for
“Veil”.
“Veksel” / “Wechsel”
/ “Bill of Exchange”: Julius Oppenheimer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
[May be a deciphering garble for “Vector”/Fermi.]
Veksler,
Sara Sophie Sonia (Sonya) birth name of Sara Sophie Judey (Weksler) Latvian immigrant Employee SGPG. [source
Venona]
“Vektor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Vector”.
Velikotskij,
Nikolaj Vasilevich [Velikotsky, Nikolay], [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Velson,
Irving Charles: “Nick” (GRU line) [source Venona]
“Vendor”:
Shevvchuk, P.P, (KGB line) [source
Venona]
“Vendor”
[Prodavets] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent. American Communist, former
group handler for Jacob Golos.[517] Harry Kagan is a candidate for “Vendor”.
“Vendor’s”
group (description): Group handled for Jacob Golos by “Vendor”. Group included Leon Josephson, Hyman
Colodny, Joseph Rinis, Lewis Tuckman, Marcel Sherer, and Paul Sherer.
Venfilm:
Vienna Film Studio, a Soviet-linked film studio in Vienna in 1950.
“Vera”:
Nadezhda: unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Verlinsky,
?: Described as a Soviet film industry representative in Hollywood in 1935.
“Vernon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, U.K., 1942.
Verond,
Captain of Soviet ship Vanzetti [source Venona]
Vesco,
Robert: American international financier accused of massive embezzlement and
looting of corporate funds by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Veselov”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Veshchestvenny
parol' (tradecraft term): See Material Password.
“Vesna”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Spring”.
“Vest”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “West”.
Vetluga,
ship [source Venona]
“Vetrov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Andrey Graur.
“Veyl'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Veil”.
Veymut,
John: Described as a secret Communist, physicist, worked on Enormoz. Also spelled
in the notebooks as “Veytmut” and “Beymut”. May be a garble for Weymouth. Cover
name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Evans”.
Veytmut:
See Veymut, John.
“Vic”
[Vik][518]
(familiar nick name): Victor Perlo.
“Vick”
[Vik][519]
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Henry Ware. “Vick” appeared in the Venona
decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1943.[520]
“Vick”
/ “Vik”: [unidentified name] (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Victor”
/ “Viktor”: Lt. General Pavel M.
Fitin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Victor
Emanuel [source Venona]
“Victor”
(in Mexico): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Victor”:
Unidentified 1944 Soviet intelligence contact who provided a letter of
introduction for use by KGB in contacting a potential recruit.[521] [source Venona]
“Victor”
[Viktor] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Pavel Fitin. “Victor” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Fitin.
Victor:
work name used by Gayk Ovakimyan with “Solid”.
Victorious (ship) [source Venona]
Vidal-Amoros,
Antonio, in Grenada (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Vienna:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tuba”, 1950.
Vienna
Film Studio (Venfilm): a Soviet-linked film studio in Vienna in 1950.
Viereck,
George Sylvester: Pro-Nazi German-American journalist.
Viertel,
Berthold: Possibly “Poet” (other possibility Berthold Brecht) (KGB line)
[source Venona]
“Vig”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lee Pressman. “Vig” as a cover name may be Wig, which can be written in Russian
both as Vig and Uig. But
the cover name may come from Whigs (the 19th century British political
party. Here it is left as “Vig”.
“Viganiya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Yugoslavia, 1950.
Viggo
Hansteen (ship) [source Venona]
“Vik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Used in Russian for both “Vic” and
“Vick”. Here rendered as “Vic” when
referring to the familiar nick name for Victor Perlo and rendered as “Vick” as
a cover name.
“Vik”:
unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Viker”:
unidentified GRU source, U.K. line [West Venona]
“Vikhrov”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Viktor”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Victor”.
“Viktor”:
unidentifed probationer, electrician on Staryj Bolshevik (KGB line) [source
Venona]
“Viktor”:
unidentified, not same as Moscow “Viktor” also in New York to Moscow 317 1942
and Moscow to Mexico City 681 1944 and 312 1945 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Viktorov
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Vilensky,
Dora (pseudonym) Used by Celia Golos on
a 1931 passport.
Vilensky,
Isidor (pseudonym) Used by Jacob Golos on a 1931 passport.
Vilga
(ship) [source Venona]
“Villa”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Foreign Economic Administration (1942 to
November 1944)
“Village
” / “Selo”: a country, possibly Guatemala (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona] “Village” is also identified as Mexico in a single message, but the
Russian is not given and may be a translation alternative for “Derevnya”
translated as “Countryside” which is Mexico.
“Village”
[Selo] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Philadelphia, 1945.
Ville
D’Anvers (ship) [source Venona]
“Villi”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Willy”.
“Vil'yams”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Williams”.
“Vim”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Lauchlin Currie.
Vinal,
George Wood [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Vinogradov,
Boris: Soviet intelligence officer.
Executed in Stalin’s purge of his security services. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Alexander”.
Vinogradov
(ship) [source Venona]
Vinogradov
(Vinrov), Nicholas (KGB line) [source Venona]
Vinokurov,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Vinrov
(Vinogradov), Nicholas (KGB line) [source Venona]
Vinson,
Frederick M.: Secretary of the Treasury, 1945.
“Vint”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Screw”.
“Virginia”:
redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vishnevskaya,
suspected as competitor (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Visson,
Andre, journalist. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vit”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent in Montreal, Canada: materials on wireless communications
equipment. References to in 1937.
“Vita”:
female unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vita-Finzi,
Paolo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vitalij”
[“Vitaly”]: Revizorov, Parel (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vitalij” [“Vitaly”]: unidentified cover name,
probably Revizorov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Vitto”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, illegal mid-1930s.
(“Vitto” is of Persian origin.)
VKP(b):
Vsesoyuznaya kommunisticheskaya partiya (bolshevikov): All Union Communist
Party (bolshevik). Title of the Soviet
Communist party. Later retitled the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).
Vladeck,
Baruch Charney: American Jewish labor leader, Socialist, and manager of the Jewish
Daily Forward.
“Vladim”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona] [possibly Amtorg official] [source
Venona]
“Vladimir”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Aleksandr Panyushkin, ambasador to the
U.S. and KGB station chief, 1948.
“Vladimir”:
unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Vladimir
Mayakovskij [Mayakovsky] (ship) [source Venona]
“Vladimirov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence officer/agent
who supervised the infiltration of the GRU illegal “Kogan” into San Francisco
via a Soviet ship in 1941.
Vladimirov,
Aleksandr Sergeevich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vladimirov,
Yu.: Soviet intelligence agent, co-optee at the U.N., late 1940s.
“Vladislav”:
Redin, Nikolay Grigorevich (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Vlasov,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, New York, 1956.
Vlasov,
Andrey A.: Soviet Army general captured by Germany who collaborated and formed
a volunteer force of anti-Bolshevik Russians to fight the USSR.
Vlasov’s
army
VMAT
Voenno-Morskoj AttachU, Naval Attache (NGRU line) [source Venona]
VMF
Voenno-Morskoy Flot, Navy (NGRU line) [source Venona]
VMN
[V.M.N.]: vysshaya mera nakazaniya: Supreme Penalty: execution.
Vneshtorg:
People’s Commissariat of Foreign Trade.
Vogaska
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Voge,
Marietta, née Jirku, wife of Noel Voge: “Daughter” (KGB line) [source Venona]
Vogel,
Hans, of the SPD (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Voice
of Russia: Russki [Russky] Golos,
emigre paper (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Vojkov
(ship)
Vojtyuk
(KGB line) [source Venona]
VOKhIMU:
Military Chemical Administration.
VOKS:
All-Union Society for Cultural Relations, Soviet agency that oversaw
international cultural contacts and exchanges.
Vol,
?: Associated with Amtorg in 1924 according to Vasily Delgass.
“Volk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Wolf”.
Volkhovstroy (ship) [source Venona]
Volkonskaya,
??, Princess: Described as a Vatican secretary.
“Volkov”:
Andrej [Andrey] R. Orlov, employee of Soviet government Purchasing Commission
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Volkov,
Anatole: Son of Helen Silvermaster and stepson of Gregory Silvermaster. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as acting as
a courier for his stepfather.[522]
Volkov,
B.P, Lieutenant, jg, on the Ship Revolyutsioner (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Volkov,
Captain First rank, [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
VOLKS
Vsesoyuznoe Obshchestovo Dlya Kulturnoj Svyazi s Zabranitsej, All Union Society
for Cultural Relatins with Foreign Countries (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Volman,
?: Described by Jacob Golos in 1944 as a doctor and relative of Harry Dexter
White that had GRU connections and that White rejected assisting him in the
1930s. Possibly a garble for Dr.
Abraham Wolfson, Communist and brother-in-law of White’s wife.
Volodarskly,
L. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Volodarsky,
Iosif V.: Soviet intelligence officer.
His name appeared in Vassiliev’s notes as both Volodarsky and
Volozersky, and Vassiliev states that both versions were in the archival
records. (Alternative spellings in the
literature: Volodarski and Wolodarski)
Volodarsky used the pseudonym Armand Labis Feldman in the U.S. in the
1930s. He dropped out of KGB work in
the U.S. in the late 1930s and moved to Canada, was interned early in WWII, and
cooperated with Canadian RCMP to avoid deportation to USSR. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Brit”.
Volodarsky,
I.V.: Armand Lavis Feldman, KGB officer in the U.S. in 1930s, dropped out and
moved to Canada, interned early in WWII, cooperated with Canadian RCMP to avoid
deportation to USSR, RCMP turned information over to FBI. So not a double, but a dropout turned
informant or defector source, a retired RCMP counter intelligence officer, 1999
NSA cryptologic history conference
Volodin,
?: Described as Bolshevik in America that Julius Hammer assisted in escaping to
the Soviet Union.
“Volok”:
redacted (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Volonter”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Volunteer”.
Volozersky,
I.V.: see Volodarsky, I.V.
Volper,
?: Described by Jacob Golos in 1944 as a doctor and relative of Harry Dexter
White that had GRU connections and that White rejected assisting him in the
1930s. Possibly a garble for Dr.
Abraham Wolfson, Communists and brother-in-law of White’s wife.
“Volt”:
unidentified KGB in Purchasing Commission 1942
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Voltaire”
(possbily “Volterra”): unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Volunteer”
[Volonter] (cover name in Vassiliev
notebooks): Morris Cohen. “Volunteer”
appeared in the Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent.[523]
“Volunteer”:
Morris Cohen, [source Albright Kunstel Bombshell]
“Volunteer”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Volynsky,
?: Associated with Amtorg in 1924 according to Vasily Delgass.
Von
Arvim, General (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Von
Eckhardt, Tibor: president of the Internatonal Organization for an Independent
Hungary (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Von
Klem, Nazi Ministry of Foreign Affairs (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Von
Wiegand, Karl H.: Hearst newspapers correspondent in Berlin.
Vonsiatsky,
Anastase Andreyevitch: Founder and chief of the emigre Russian National
Revolutionary Labor and Workers Peasant Party of Fascists.
Voosling,
Wayne: Described as a Life magazine correspondent who worked for OSS in
1945. (Alternative translation:
Vusling)
Voronin,
A. I.: Senior MVD officer, Moscow, 1953.
“Voronov”:
unidentified name KGB resident (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Voronov:
unidentified (NGRU line) [source
Venona]
Vorontsov.
M.: KGB officer, Moscow Center, 1948.
Vorontsov,
M.A., Captain (First Rank): “unidentified name forty-two”, #42: unidentified name aj (NGRU line)
[source Venona]
Voroshilov,
Kliment: Soviet military leader, part of Stalin’s inner circle.
Voroshilov:
unidentified , Gryaznov: unidentified , Filina: unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Vorovsky,
Vatslav Vatslavovich: Bolshevik leader and diplomat, early 1920s.
Vorozheyka,
Innokenty Nikol.: See Varie, Inoke N.
Voska,
Captain Emil (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
VOSR:
Velikaya Oktyabr'skaya Sotsialisticheskaya Revolutsia: Great October Socialist
Revolution.
Vostok
(ship)
“Vovchek”:
Aleksandr Pavlovich Bochek (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Voyager”
[Voyazher] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): David Jaffo.
“Voyazher”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Voyager”.
“Vozdukh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Air”.
“Vozdukh”
/ “Air”: jet propulsion
“Vrach”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Physician”. Vrach is more commonly translated as Doctor,
but in the notebooks “Doktor” is also used as a cover name, consequently
“Physician” is used to reduce confusion between what are in Russian two
entirely different cover names.
“Vrag”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Enemy”.
VSNH:
Vysshy sovet narodnogo khozyaystva — the Supreme Council of the National
Economy.
Vtoraya
Pyatiletka (ship)
Vtoraya
(ship)
“Vtoroy”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Second”.
Vuchinich,
George Samuel: Spelling variant. See
George Samuel Wuchinich. U.S. Army assigned to OSS, [source Venona]
“Vud”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Wood”.
“Vulture”
/“Khvat”: scientific source of New York
KGB [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Vusling,
Wayne: See Wayne Voosling.
VVS:
Voyenno-vozdushnye sily (Military Air Force).
Used in Vassiliev’s notebooks as abbreviation for U.S. AAC (Army Air
Corps) and U.S. AAF (Army Air Force).
Vybory
(ship) [source Venona]
Vyshinskiy,
Andrej [Andrey] (KGB line) [source Venona]
Vyshinsky,
Andrey: Senior Soviet official, part of Stalin’s inner circle.
“V'yun”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Loach”.
Vzdornykh,
Petr (KGB line) [source Venona]
XXW
Wadleigh,
Henry Julian.: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Known as Julian Wadeligh.
An official in the foreign trade agreements section of the Department of
State, he testified in 1949 that he had furnished Department of State
information to Whittaker Chambers’ espionage apparatus. On Adolf Berle’s 1939 list of those
identified by Whittaker Chambers as covert Communists who were espionage
risks. Identified by Chambers as part
of his CPUSA/GRU espionage network.[524] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “104th”.
Wagner,
Herbet A.: German scientist involved in Nazi rocket research.
Wagner,
Max: Printer who printed the Whalen documents.
Wagner,
Robert F., Jr.: Mayor of New York, 1954-1965.
Wagner,
Robert F.: U.S. Senator (D. New York).
“Wagram”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wahl,
David: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Pink”.
Waise
[Wayze] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent in the U.K. in the 1930s. (Waise is German for Orphan). Very likely Donald Maclean. “Waise” was identified as Donald Maclean in
Andrew and Mitrokhin and West and Tsarev.[525]
“Waise”:
Maclean, Donald: [source Damaskin Harris]
Waites,
?: Described as a USIA official in China, 1949.
Wald,
Benjamin aka Isaac Gurfinkel (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Waldemar”:
unidentified (GRU line) probably a code person, [source Venona]
Waldo,
Richard: President of McClure Newspaper syndicate. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Bor”.
Wales,
Nym: Pen name of Helen Foster Snow.
Wallace,
Henry: “Lotsman” / “Channel-pilot”
(also once, probably in error, a message listed Wallace as “Botsman” /
“Boatswain” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wallace,
Henry: Vice President of the United Stats, Secretary of Commerce, and 1948
presidential candidate of the Progressive Party. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “‘Captain’s’ deputy” (1944).
Walley
or Whallye or Valli: unidentified , (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Walsh,
?: Described as critic of the USSR.
Possibly Father Edmund Walsh of Georgetown University.
Walsh,
David: U.S. Senator, 1919-1947 (D. MA).
“Walter”:
Alexander Ulanov Chambers’ Soviet intelligence contact [source Chambers Witness]
Walter,
James: Described as reporter/writer for the Washington Times-Herald in
1947.
“Walter”
[Val'ter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence officer/agent, illegal
officer. Later cover names “King” and
likely “James”. References to in 1934.
“Walter”
[Val'ter] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent. Known to
Alexander Koral in the 1930s, possibly associate of Rosenbliett network. May be the same as “Walter”, the Soviet
intelligence officer/agent in 1934.
Wanamaker,
Rodman: Head of Wanamaker department stores, 1930.
“Wanda”
[Vanda] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, an illegal, 1948.
War,
Department of, U.S. :“Arsenal” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks).
War
Department: “Arsenal” (and in one message as “Depot” but other Venona messages
assign “Depot” to the War Production
Board) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
War
Production Board: “Depot” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks).
War
Production Board: “Depot” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Warburg,
banker and OWI (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Warburg,
Max: Described as a German banker and Felix Warberg’s brother.
Ward,
American consul in Vladivostok, [source Venona]
Wardwell,
Allen of Russian War Relief (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Ware,
Alissa: Communist sympathizer and courier to deliver Soviet funds to the German
Communists in 1940. Mother of Henry
Ware.
Ware,
Harold: CPUSA agricultural specialist, organizer of party covert networks in
Washington in the early 1930s.
Ware,
Henry: Soviet intelligence informant/contact.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Vick”.
“Warehouse”
/ “Sklad”: BEW (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Waring:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Waring,
William Van (KGB line) [source Venona]
Warior
(ship) [source Venona]
Warner
Brothers (KGB line) [source Venona]
Warning,
Dorothy: Described as writer and intelligence source used by Samuel Dickstein.
Warren,
Earl: Republican governor of California.
Washburn,
?: Described as associate of Andrew Mellon and proposing terms for American
diplomatic recognition of the USSR.
Possibly Albert H. Washburn, U.S. Minister to Austria.
Washington,
DC: “Carthage” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Washington,
DC: “Carthage” (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks).
Washington
Merry-Go-Round: Book on national
politics written by journalists Robert Allen and Drew Pearson in 1931.
“Wasp”
/ “Osa”: Alekseeva, Lyudmila Nikolaevna,
Alexeef, Ludmilla (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Wasp”
/ “Osa”: Ruth Greenglass (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Wasp”
[Osa] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Ruth Greenglass, beginning
October 1944-1950. “Wasp” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Ruth Greenglass.[526]
“Watchdog”:
Nadia Morris Osipovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Watchful
[Ostorozhny]: See “Cautious”.
Watsek:
See “Vatsek”.
Watson,
Goodwin B.: Chief broadcast analyst of FCC, investigated by the Kerr
Commission.
Watson,
Thomas: Head of International Business Machines (IBM).
“Wayze”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Waise”.
Weber,
?: Described as attempting to influence Henry Wallace. Possibly
Frederick Palmer Weber, an economist (Ph.D, U of VA, 1940), who served
on the staff of the the Tolan and Kilgore committees, a leading researcher for
CIO-PAC, the directed Progressive Party work in the South in 1948, and later
associated with a variety of CPUSA-linked bodies. Invoked the fifth amendment
to refuse to answer questions when a congressional committee inquired about his
relationship to the Communist party.[527]
Weber,
(KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
Weber,
Sara: Target in Trotskyist movement. Also known as Sara Jacobs and Chertova.
“Wechsel” “Veksel”
“Bill of Exchange”: Julius Oppenheimer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Wedge”
/ “Klin”: unidentified cover name [once identified as Enee R. Wigher and but
also as unidentified] (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Wegner,
H.H.: Walk-in to the Soviet embassy in 1948.
Stated he was a chemist working in a secret laboratory in Alaska where
they were creating a small A-bomb and offered to sell blueprints for $220,000.
Weimut,
John: Described as a secret Communist, physicist, worked on Enormoz. (Spelling
unconfirmed, alternative translation: Veimut). Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Evans”.
Weinberg,
Joseph: Soviet intelligence source.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Method”.
Weinberg,
Merle: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Idea”.
Weiner,
William: Senior CPUSA cadre, supervised party finances.
Weinstone,
William: Senior CPUSA official.
Weintraub,
David: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Weintraub worked for a variety of government agences such as the
National Research Project, War Production Board, State Department, UNRRA, and
the United Nations. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bak”.
Weisband,
William: Soviet intelligence source/agent from the 1930s to 1950, working as a
couriers and liaison with sources.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Link” (1930s-1945), “Zhora”
(1945-1950), “Vasin” (1950-).
Weisberg,
Harold: Secret Communist fired from the staff of Senator La Follette’s Civil
Liberties subcommittee in 1939 for leaking information to the CPUSA and later
on the staff of OSS. In 1947 Weisberg
was discharged from his analyst position in the State Department after FBI
turned up information on his Communist background.
Weisblat,
Edward Stanislaus, (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Weisbord,
Albert: Communist trade union organizer in the late 1920s.
Welles,
Benjamin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Welles,
Benjamin Sumner: Senior American diplomat, Assistant Secretary of State
1933-37, Under Secretary of State 1937-43. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wells,
Carveth: Popular travel writer and explorer.
Welsh,
Mary: Described as source of information for Jacob Golos on German radio
propaganda, 1941.
Werner
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Werov:
unidentified name [Serov?] Probationer (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wertheim,
Maurice: New York banker, former brother-in-law of Secretary of the Treasury
Morgenthau, father of Josephine Pomerance.
“West”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“West”:
unidentified source London KGB U.K. line [West Venona]
“West”
[Vest] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1942.
Western
Electric company: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Corpus”.
Westinghouse
corporation: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ministry”.
Wetter,
Father: Described as the Jesuit rector of Russicum.
“Whale”
/ “Kit”: unidentified name of
institution (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Whale”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
Whalen,
Grover: New York Police Commissioner.
Wheeler,
Burton K.: U.S. Senator, 1923-1947 (D. MT).(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wheeler,
Donald: “Izra” (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Wheeler,
Donald: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Worked for the Research and Analysis Division of the Office of Strategic
Services. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of the Perlo espionage
group. KGB sent Comintern a vetting
inquiry about him in 1944. Identified
in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[528] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Izra”.
Wheeler,
George Shaw: Brother of Donald Wheeler.
Economist who worked for the National Labor Relations Board, the
Department of Labor, War Production Board and the U.S. military government of
Germany. Forced out of U.S. government
service in 1948 for suspected Communist ties, he defected to Communist
Czechoslovakia in 1950.[529] Candidate for one of the Wheelers named in
White #3, p. 60.
Whig:
See “Vig”.
“Whip”
[Knut] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1944, part of the Perlo espionage apparatus.
“Whirlpool”
[Omut] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): British embassy in the U.S.,
circa 1944.
White,
?: Described as head of Gregory Silvermaster’s division at BEW but in the
context appears to be a reference to Harry D. White of the Treasury Department.
White,
?: Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1930s. Given a payment of $8,000. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Spring”.
White,
Anne Terry: Wife of Harry Dexter White.
Referred to in Vassiliev’s notebooks as “R’s wife” (“Richard’s” wife)
and “Jurist’s wife”.
White
Guard: Soviet political terminology for supporters of the Tsar but applied
widely to any opponents of the Bolshevik regime.
“White
Hares” “White rabbits” / “Belyaki” White Russian emigres (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
White,
Harry Dexter: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. On Isaac Don Levine’s list
of those identified to Berle in 1939 but not on Berle’s list from that meeting. Chambers identified White as part of his
espionage apparatus and the espionage product he save from 1938 and produced in
1948 included several pages in White’s handwriting. Identified by Elizabeth Bentley as part of the Silvermaster
espionage group. Identified in the
Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[530] Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Cashier”, then “Jurist” (1941-August 1944), changed to “Lawyer” in August
1944, changed to “Richard” in September 1944, appeared as “Reed” in July 1945.
White,
Harry Dexter: “Jurist” also “Kassir” [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
White,
Harry Dexter: “Jurist” / “Yurist” also “Lawyer” / “Lojer” also “Richard” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
White,
Harry Dexter: “Richard” [source
Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“White
House”: Temple (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Whitefish”
/ “Sig”: unidentified cover name (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Whites:
Soviet political terminology for supporters of the Tsar but applied widely to
any opponents of the Bolshevik regime.
Whitmore,
F.C. from PA (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Whitney,
Thomas (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wicher,
Enos Regnet, stepfather of Flora Don Wovschin: “Kin” / “Keen”.
Bill Rain, Enos Wicher’s party name in Wisconsin [alternative
translations: Rain, Rayne, Reyn, Rhein, Rhine, Ryan] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Wicher,
Maria [Mrs. Enos Regent, Mrs. William A. Wovschin, mother of Fora Wovschin]:
“Dasha” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wicker,
Irene: Wife of Victor Hammer in 1943.
Wickstrom,
Oscar: Described as involved in the Robinson/Rubens passport fraud case.
“Wig”:
See “Vig”.
Wiley,
John C.: U.S. Consul General in Antwerp, 1936.
Will,
Stephen: Recommended as candidate for KGB contact in 1949 by Martha Dodd.
Will:
Work name One of Iskhak Akhmerov’s work
names in the early 1930s.
Will:
Work name Work name of an unidentified
person (but possibly not Iskhak Akhmerov) known to Alexander Koral in the
1930s.
Willen,
Rose (pseudonym?): Signer of a 1944 letter to Ramsay/Hiskey urging cooperation
with the bearer of the letter.
William
Clark (ship) [source Venona]
William
Keever (ship) [source Venona]
William
Osler (ship) [source Venona]
William
Welch (ship) [source Venona]
William:
Work name Helen Koral’s memory of
Iskhak Akhmerov’s work name in the 1930s.
“Williams”:
unidentified (GRU line) [source Venona]
Williams,
Albert Reese: Pro-Soviet American writer and journalist in the 1920s and 1930s.
Williams,
Lt. Col. R. N.: Described as head of the Russian department of the U.S. Army
Military Intelligence Division.
Williams,
Paul: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Subsource of “Talent”. Known as
Paul Williams, his full name has been given as Paul Elisha Williams and Elisha
Paul Williams. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Tal-1”.
Williams,
Paulo: Variant of Williams, Paul.
Williams,
R. N.: Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army intelligence officer, 1930.
“Williams”
[Vil'yams] (cover name in
Vassiliev notebooks): Fred Shuneman.
Willison,
George [assistant to publicity director of DNC] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Willison,
George: Described as publicist for the Democratic National Committee in 1945.
Willkie,
Owen, Otis, Farr and Gallagher legal firm (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Willkie,
Wendell: Corporate lawyer, Republican candidate for president in 1940.
Willkie-Morgan
group: Appears to be a reference to Wendell Willkie, moderate Republican
identified with high finance, and the Morgan banking interests.
Wills,
Katherine: First wife of Victor Perlo.
“Willy”
[Villi] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence
source/agent at Department of State, 1934-1935. Likely David A. Salmon.
Recruited by “Leo”/Lore.
Described as providing “copes of reports addressed to the State
Department from ambassadors, consuls, and U.S. military attachés in Europe and
East Asia” that were judged “very valuable”.
Described as “chief of the DOS’s communications and archives division”,
and having a DOS salary of $5,600.
(“Willy” was motivated by money, not ideology, and received a KGB
stipend of $6,000 in addition of the U.S. government salary.) David Salmon was chief of DOS’s “Division
of Communications and Records” in 1934 and 1935 and his salary at the time was
$5,600.[531] Salmon’s division included DOS’s codes and
cipher office and both distributed and archived State Department sensitive
diplomatic communications. Also known
as “11”.
“Willy”
[Villi] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence contact connected with “Ramsay”/Hiskey, 1944.
Wil.......rn
(ship) [source Venona]
Wilson (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wilson,
Carroll L.: General manager of the U.S.
Atomic Energy Commission until 1950.
Wilson,
Charles (KGB line) [source Venona]
Wilson,
Hugh R.: Senior American diplomat.
“Wilson,
Ruth Beverly, wife of Jacob Epstein”: Non (Nona) (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Winant,
John: U.S. ambassador, London, 1941-1946.
Winogradow,
Boris: See Boris Vinogradov.
Winter,
Gustav, of the Czechoslovakian SDP (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Winter,
Jan: Described as on the staff of the Rockerfeller’s Committee (Office of the
Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs).
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Valet” in 1944
Wirt,
William A., and “Wirt Affair”: Nationally known k-12 school administrator. In 1934 Dr. Wirt attended a Washington
cocktail party at the home of Alice Barrows.
Wirt claimed that at the party a member of President Roosevelt’s “brain
trust” (as the press named them) of advisors had told him that FDR was a
manipulated front man for a Communist plan to take power and would be replaced
with an American “Stalin”. A U.S. House
committee chaired by Rep. Alfred Bulwinkle (D. NC) heard Wirt’s testimony. His charges faded when those he identified
turned out to be obscure bureaucrats and left-wing journalists rather than
prominent FDR advisors.
“Wite”
/ “Bely” in Russian, retired KGB asset West Coast [source Damaskin Harris]
Witt,
Art: Described as a Communist at the Works Progress Administration in 1934.
Witte,
Aleksandr: Brother of Helen Silvermaster, resident of Soviet Union.
Witte,
Elena Petrovna: Birth name of Helen Silvermaster.
Witte,
Petr: Father of Helen Silvermaster, resident of Soviet Union.
Witte,
Vladimir: Brother of Helen Silvermaster, resident of Soviet Union.
Witte,
V.P.: Sister of Helen Silvermaster in the Soviet Union.
Wittenberg,
Davrun (or Darren): Spelling unconfirmed, possibly Vittenberg. Described as an
associate of Harold Urey and friend of
Emil Conason. Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sarin”.
Wittfogel,
Carl August (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wohl,
Paul: A colleague of Walter Krivitsky with whom he had a falling-out in 1940
over a loan.
Wohlforth,
Robert M, chief of the Economic Warfare section of U.S. Justice Dept., NYC, in
error listed in as Woolworth (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Woldemar”:
unidentified, probably an GRU “Talmudist” [source Venona]
“Wolf”:
Gomez Lorenzo, Rosendo, editor of magazine Tiempo (KGB Mexico City line)
[source Venona]
Wolf,
Felix: GRU officer in New York in 1925.
Wolf was accused of being a Trotskyist and executed in Stalin’s purge of
his intelligence and security services in the late1930s.[532]
“Wolf”
[Volk] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nikolay Novikov.
Wolff,
Robert Lee, Chief of the European-African Division, Balkan section, OSS (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wolfson,
Abraham: Dentist in New Jersey and active Communist. Married to Ruth Terry, sister of Anne Terry, Harry Dexter White’s
wife. Wolfson and Ruth Terry divorced
in 1934. White remained in touch with
Wolfson.
Woll,
Matthew: American Federation of Labor official and strong anti-Communist.
Wollner,
Herbert J, of U.S. Treasury [consulting chemist] [source Venona]
Wolston,
Ilya Elliott: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Jack Soble’s nephew (son of one of Jack’s sisters). A U.S. Army intelligence officer in WWII
assigned to Russian-related tasks.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[533] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Slava”.
Wolston,
Ilya Elliott: “Slava” also “Glory” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Women’s
League for Peace and Freedom.
Wood,
Robert E.: WWI U.S. Army general, later chairman of Sears, Roebuck company.
Wood,
Roberts, physicist Baltimore (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Wood”
[Vud] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified target of
recruitment as a liaison and recruitment agent, 1942. Some relation to oil matters.
Wooden,
W. H.: President of American Car & Foundry Co., active in the
American-Russian Chamber of Commerce.
“Woolworth”:
Wohlforth, Robert [West Venona]
Workers
(Communist) Party: Title of the CPUSA for part of the 1920s.
Workers
Party of America: Title of the CPUSA for part of the 1920s.
Workers
Party: Title of the Max Shachtman’s splinter from the Socialist Workers Party.
Works
Progress Administration (WPA): New Deal work relief agency.
“Workshop”
[Tsekh] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): National Advisory
Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), circa 1944.
World
Enterprises: Described as one of Boros Morros’s film companies.
World
Monopoly and Peace: Book authored by
James Allen, 1946.
World
Peace Committee
World
Tourists: Travel agency run by Jacob Golos and secretly controlled by the
CPUSA.
Worms
et Cie, Paris Bank (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Wovschin,
Flora Don: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Secretary in the Office of War Information. Identified in the Venona
decryptions as a Soviet source/agent.[534] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Zora”.
Wovschin,
Flora Don: “Zora” (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
WP:
Workers Party, likely a reference (1943) to the Workers Party of Max Shachtman
or possibly to the Socialist Workers Party of James Cannon.
WPB:
War Production Board, U.S.
“Wrench”
[Rench] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Benny Bederson.
Wright
Field: U.S. Army Air Force and later U.S. Air Force facility in Ohio where
advanced aviation equipment was developed and tested.
“Writer”:
seaman on the SS Malines, [West Venona]
“Writer”
[Literator] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Cover name for a Soviet
intelligence agent to be left behind enemy lines.
Wuchinich,
George Samuel: Target of recruitment.
Officer in OSS of Serbian origin.
Wuchinich (spelled Vuchinich) was identified in the Venona decryptions
as providing information to a GRU source.
Wuchinich invoked the Fifth Amendment to avoid answering questions from
a Congressional committee regarding his Communist background and espionage
connections.[535] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Lid”.
Wulfson,
?: Soviet trade official in Paris in 1937.
Wuorinen,
John Henry (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Wynn,
Arthur: Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1944. Described as radio expert and Communist in U.K. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Scott”.
XXX
“X”
/ “Iks”: Katz, Joseph (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“X”:
Katz, Joseph [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“X”
[Iks] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Joseph Katz. (The cover name in Russian is “Iks”, not the
Cyrillic letter “X”.) “X” was
identified in the Venona decryptions as Katz.[536]
“X”
[X] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Designation given the GRU
agent “Kogan” in a 1941 KGB report. In
the original text indicted by the Russian Cryillic letter “X”. The Russian “X” transliterates as “Kh”, but
in this case is functioning in the same way as the Latin “X”, indicating an
unnamed person, and is here left as “X”.
“X”
[X] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence officer/agent, mid-1920s.
Possibly a ROSTA correspondent in the U.S. who reported to KGB. In the original text indicted by the
Russian Cryillic letter “X”. The
Russian “X” transliterates as “Kh”, but in this case is functioning in the same
way as the Latin “X”, indicating an unnamed person, and is here left as “X”.
X-2:
OSS counter-intelligence division.
X
line: see XY line.
X2:
see X-2.
XP-58
(KGB line) [source Venona]
XY
line: KGB scientific-technical line of work. While often rendered in English
with the Latin alphabet letters “XY”, this is a transfer without
transliteration of the Russian Cyrillic letter “XY”, which when transliterated
from Russian would be KhU.
“XY
line”: scientific and technical intelligence [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
XXY
Yagoda,
Genrikh Grigor'evich: People's Commissar for Internal Affairs (chief of the
NKVD, predecessor to the KGB) from 1934 until 1936. Yagoda implemented the early Moscow Trials and beginning stages
of Stalin’s Great Terror. Replaced in
1936, he was arrested as a traitor in 1937 and accused of being part of a
Trotskyist-Bucharinist conspiracy. He
was tried and executed in 1938.
Yakhontoff,
Victor Alexandrovich: Soviet intelligence contact/informant Former Tsartist general turned pro-Soviet.
“Yakov”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, 1952, likely operating from Vienna, liaison with Boris Morros in
Europe in 1952.
“Yakov”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): William Perl starting in September
1944. “Yakov” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Perl.[537]
“Yakov”
(alternative translations as “Jacob”): William Perl (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Yakov”:
unidentified cover name [probably not Perl]
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Yakov”:
William Perl [source Feklisov Rosenbergs]
Yakovlev,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Yakovlev,
Anatoly Antonovich: Pseudonym used by Anatoly Antonovich Yatskov in the U.S.
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Yakovlev,
Captain 2nd Rank, acting Deputy head of Operations directorate of the Naval
Staff [Naval GRU line] [source Venona]
Yakubovich,
Mikhail Petrovich (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Yakubovskij,
Vasiliy Pavlovich [Yakubovsky, Vasily]: “Boss” (KGB Mexico City line) [source
Venona]
Yakushev,
M.N. (KGB line) [source Venona]
Yakut
(ship) [source Venona]
Yakutsk
ship
“Yan”:
unidentified, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Yan
Tomp (ship)
“Yang”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. (Alternative translation: Young] Likely
Howard Gochnour.
“Yank”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Described as male and a secretary of “Page”
(Lauchlin Currie) in 1943 and providing valuable information about China via
“Dir”/Mary Price. Michael Greenberg is
a very strong candidate for “Yank”.
“Yankee”
[Yanki] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, 1938.
“Yankee”
[Yanki] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): John H.F. Haskel in 1944.
“Yanki”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Yankee”.
Yaovskij
[Yaovsky]: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Yaponets”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Japanese”.
“Yar”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Yarosh”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Yasha”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent in
unidentified agency. Partially
identified as Dmitry Vladimirovich ?.
“Yasha”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, an illegal, early 1930s.
“Yasha
Case”: Unclear reference in 1937 to the arrest of an operative of some sort in
the USSR. Possibly a reference to the
arrest of senior KGB special operations officer Yakov “Yasha” Serebryansky, during
Stalin’s purge of his security services.
Yatskov,
Anatoly A. [Yakovlev, Anatoly Antonovich]: “Aleksej” [“Aleksey”] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Yatskov,
Anatoly Antonovich: Soviet intelligence officer. Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet officer/agent
under his pseudonym as Anatoly Antonovich Yakovlev. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Aleksey”. Known as John to Harry Gold.
“Yaz'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ide”.
“Yaz”
/ “Ide”: Krafsur, Samuel (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Yefimovna,
Ekaterina: Wife of Boris Morros, Catherine Morros.
Yegorechev
may be variant of Egorichev, if not unidentified (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Yegovor
(NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Yel'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “El'”
Yeliseyev,
P.: KGB officer, Moscow, 1966.
“Yersh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Ruff”.
“Yew”
[Tis] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Robert Oppenheimer,
1944-1945.
Yezhov,
Nikolay: People's Commissar for Internal Affairs (head of the NKVD/KGB) on
September 26, 1936, supervised the most lethal period of the Great Terror. Removed from office in November 1938,
arrested in April 1939, executed February 1940.
“York,
Commander (NGRU line) [source Venona]
York,
Jones Orin”: Igla: Needle: 0 (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
York,
Jones Orin: Soviet intelligence source/agent, Los Angeles. Aviation engineer. York was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet
intelligence source/agent.[538] Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Needle”.
Yost,
Charles: Assistant chief of the Office of Arms and Munitions Control in State
in 1937-38.
“Young”:
Mlad: Theodore Alvin Hall (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Young:
See “Mlad”.
Young:
See “Yang”.
“Young
Woman” [Devushka] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Alice Barrows.
Youngster:
See “Mlad”.
“Youth”
[Yunosha] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Nadine Redecker.
“Youthful”
[Malody] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Milton Golos, Jacob Golos’
son.
Yudenich,
Nikolay Nikolaevich: Russian general who commanded a major White army in the
Russian Civil War.
“Yug”
/ “South”: Bernard Schuster (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Yugoslavia:
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Viganiya”, 1950.
“Yuliya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Julia”.
“Yuliya”
/ “Julia”: Olga Khlopkova (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Yuliya”
/ “Julia”: unidentified cover name [not Olga Khlopkova] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Yun”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Stephen Laird. References to in 1942.
“Yun” was identified in the Venona decryptions as Laird.[539]
“Yun”:
broadcaster and commentator, Stephen Laird
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Yung”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jung”.
“Yung”:
Akhmerov in 1930s in U.S. [source Andrew Mitrokhin Sword]
“Yunona”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Former wife of “Yun” (Stephen Laird),
described as knowing of his espionage work and of having informed her new
husband.
“Yunosha”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Youth”.
“Yupiter”
/ “Jupiter” also “Original” / “Odd
Fellow”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Yur”:
unidentified, cover name or real name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Yurij”
[“Yury” “Yuri”]: Lev A. Tarasov ( Vasilevsky ) (Resident, Mexico City) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Yurist”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jurist
Yurkevich,
Vladimir I. (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Yurt”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
officer/agent, Vienna, 1954, who had a safehouse.
“Yury” as “Yuriy”: Lev A. Tarasov (
Vasilevsky ) (Resident, Mexico City)
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Yusupova,
Princess Irina Felixovna: Prominent White exile.
“Yuz”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Iosif R. Grigulevich, 1938-1939.
“Yuzik”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Appears to be a variant of “Yuz”.
Iosif R. Grigulevichh, 1938-1939.
XXZ
“Z”
[zz](cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent. Reference to “Z” having failed or been exposed by early 1945. May
be the same as “Z” reporting on OSS in 1944.
Likely “Z” for “Zayats”, i.e. “Hare”/Maurice Halperin.
“Zaatlantik”
and “Zaatlantika”(cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See
“Transatlantic” and “Transatlantica”.
Zabellov,
Ivan: “Izabello” (KGB line) [source
Venona]
Zablodowsky,
David: Identified by Whittaker Chambers as active in the Communist covert
apparatus in the mid-1936, acting as a mail drop for Joseph Peters. Active in a number of CPUSA front groups and
remained active in them after the Nazi-Soviet Pact. An OSS officer in WWII.
Zablodowsky later admitted acting as a mail drop for Chambers but denied
Communist affiliation and espionage.[540]
Zabotin,
Nikolay: Soviet military attaché and GRU station chief the USSR’s Canadian
legation at the time of Igor Gouzenko’s defection in 1945.
Zacharias,
Captain Ellis M., (NGRU line) [source Venona]
“Zagadka”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Riddle”. (Alternative translations:
Puzzle, Enigma).
Zagrav,
?: Described by OSS as running an intelligence apparatus in the USSR from
Rumania for the Nazis.
Zaikin,
Dmitrij [Dmitry] Ivanovich, Soviet vice consul in NY (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Zajchenko,
Aleksej [Aleksey] Yanovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Zajtsev,
Ivan Dmitrievich, representative of Sevmorput in DC (NGRU line) [source Venona]
Zajtsev
(KGB line) [source Venona]
Zakharov,
Matvei Vasilevich: Senior Soviet general.
Zakharov,
Vyacheslav N.: Soviet intelligence officer, cipher clerk. References to in 1949. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Nikolay”.
“Zakoulok”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Back Street”.
“Zam”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Medes Grineff.
“Zamestitel'” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Deputy”.
“Zamestitel'
Kapitana” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “‘Captain’s’ deputy”.
“Zamestitel”
/ “Deputy”: Harry Hopkins or Henry Wallace (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zamoskvorechye:
a district of Moscow south of the Kremlin.
Zander.
Lt. Randolph (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Zapata
”: Calvo Ramirez, Roberto (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
Zaporozhchenko,
?: KGB officer, 1943.
Zaporozhstal:
acronym for Zaporozhye Integrated Iron and Steel Works.
“Zapovednik”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): See “Preserve”.
“Zare”:
Elena Konstantinovna Gorbunova, secretary to Mikhail Kalatozov, representative
of the Soviet film industry in California
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zaret,
Daniel Abraham [Spanish War veteran] [source Venona]
Zaromsky:
See Isaak Moroz.
Zarubin,
Elizabeth: Soviet intelligence officer.
Also know as Yelizaveta Zarubina.
Birth name: Yelizaveta Yulyevna Gorskaya (Rozentsvaig). Wife of Vasily Zarubin. Used the pseudonym of Elizabeth Zubilin.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Erna” (1935), “Vardo” (early 1940s)
Zarubin,
Vasily: “Maksim” in U.S. in WWII [source Damaskin Harris]
Zarubin,
Vasily Mikhaylovich: Chief of the New York KGB station and senior KGB officer
in the U.S., arrived 4 January 1942 and departed 24 August 1944. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Jaspar”
(in Germany, 1928), “Katya” (1934?),
“Betty” (1935 and later 1930s), “Maxim” (early 1940s). Pseudonym in Germany as a Paramount talent
scout: Edward Joseph Herbert, 1934-1940. Pseudonym under diplomatic cover in
the United States, Vasily Zubilin.
Zarubin,
Vasily Mikhailovich: “Cooper” also “Maxim”,
pseudonym Zubilin [source Feklisov ]
Zarubin,
Vasily [Zubilin, Vasily Mikhajlovich]: “Maxim” /“Maksim” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zarubina,
Anna Yakovlevna: First wife of Vasily Zarubin, prior to Elizabeth.
Zarubina,
Yelizaveta: See Elizabeth Zarubin.
Zaslavsky,
?: First husband of Boris Morros’s wife.
Zaslavsky,
?: Former Soviet supervisor of Iosif ?.
Zassman,
Walter: Described as a contact of Harold Glasser at some point (Spelling
unconfirmed: alternative translation: Sassman or Sussman).
Zaustinsky:
Special company established to purchase aircraft engines for the USSR.
Zavenyagin,
Avraamy P.: Senior deputy to Lavrenty Beria.
“Zavod”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Plant”.
“Zayats”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Hare”. (Alternative translation:
Rabbit Stowaway)
“Zayats”
/ “Hare” or “Stowaway”: Maurice Halperin (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zbarsky,
?: Described as a Soviet scientist working on bactericides.
Zborowski,
Mark: “Tulip” also “Kant” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
Zborowski,
Mark” “Mak” also “Kant” also “Tulip”
[source, Dmitrii Volkogonov papers, Library of Congress]
Zborowski,
Mark: Soviet intelligence officer/agent, largely focused on anti-Trotsky work
in the 1930s and early 1940s.
Identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet source/agent. Convicted of perjury and imprisoned in
1962. Cover name in Vassiliev’s
notebooks: “Tulip” until September 1944, then “Kant”.[541]
Zebulon
Vance (ship) [source Venona]
Zeitler,
German General, (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
Zeitzler,
Kurt: Senior German army officer.
Zelman,
Franklin: See Franklin, Zalmond David.
Zelnis,
Robert: See Tselnis, Robert.
“Zemlyak”,
“Zemlyaki” (cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Fellowcountryman”,
“Fellowcountrymen”.
“Zemlyaki”:
Fellow-countrymen: CPUSA member (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zenit”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Zenith”.
Zenith
corporation: Radio and electronic corporation.
“Zenith”
[Zenit] (cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agent, member of Julius Rosenberg’s revived network in
1948.
“Zenkhen”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sohnchen”.
Zenzimov,
Vladimir (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zenzinov,
Vladimir [editor of Za Svoboda] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zepp”:
unidentified, likely GRU officer [source Venona]
“Zer”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Zero”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, female source on staff of the Nye committee, mid-1930s, described
as Jewish. Described as working for a
U.S. Senator in 1942.
“Zero”
/ “Nul” : Leona Vivian Franey (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Zero”
[Nul']: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Leona Oliver Franey until October 1944.[542] Alternative translation “Null”. This “Zero”, spelled Nul' in Russian,
is not the same cover name as “Zero”, spelled Zero in Russian. “Nul'” was translated as “Zero” in
the Venona decryptions and to avoid confusion that translation is used
here. “Zero” was identified in the
Venona decryptions as Franey.[543]
“Zerro”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Zero”. Likely a spelling error for Zero.
“Zeus”:
Biberovich, Vladislav [Ukrainian, naturalized Canadian, in Canadian war
censorship office] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zh.:
initial of unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zh-42”
[zh42](cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, political line, at USDA in 1945, then UNRRA.
“Zhan”
(cover name in the Venona decryptions): See “Jean”.
“Zhan”
/ “Jean”: Setaro, Ricardo (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zhan
Kahn” “Khan”: unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zhan
Zhores (ship)
“Zhana”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent of KGB
Washington Station 1946 at the Rumanian embassy.
“Zhanna”
/ “Jeanne”: Krotkova, Christina (KGB
U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zhannet”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jannet”.
“Zhannet”:
Jeannette: also “Amur”: Cupid, unidentified
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zharov”:
Ezhov, Nikolaj [Nikolay] Efremovich , (KGB line) [source Venona]
“Zharov” [possibly Jaroff or Jarow], unidentified, an owner or proprietor
in New York (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zharov”:
unidentified (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“Zhaspar”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jaspar”.
Zhdanov,
Andrey A.: Senior Soviet ideologist, part of Stalin’s inner circle after WWII.
“Zhemchug”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Pearl”.
Zhemchuzhina,
Polina: Birth name Pearl Karpovskaya. Her brother immigrated to the U.S. and
adopted the name Sam Carp. She maried
Vyacheslav Molotov and occupied senior posts in the People’s Commissariat of
Food Industry of the USSR; from July 1936, she was the Head of the Chief
Administration of the Perfume, Cosmetics, Synthetics, and Soap-making
Industry. When she visited the U.S. in
1936 as the head of the Soviet perfume conglomerate she used the name Olga
Karpovskaya. In November 1937, she
became a Deputy People’s Commissar.
Arrested and sent to the Gulag in 1948 during Stalin’s anti-Jewish
purge. Released after Stalin’s death.
“Zhenya”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Sonia Steinman Gold. “Zhenya” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Sonia Gold.[544]
“Zhenya”:
probably Sonia Steinman Gold (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zhilo
(KGB line) [source Venona]
“Zhizel”
/ “Giselle”: unidentified cover
name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zholud'”/
“Acorn”: Gold, Bela (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zholud'”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Acorn”.
“Zhora”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): William Weisband in 1945-1950.
“Zhores”
“Jaures”: unidentified (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Zhorzh”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “George”.
“Zhuk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Beetle”.
Zhukov,
Georgy Konstantinovich: Chief Soviet military commander in WWII.
“Zhulik”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Crook”. (Alternative translation:
Swindler)
“Zhur”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Jour”.
Zhurbenko,
?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1937.
“Zhurnalist”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Journalist”.
Ziev,
Paul J.: Russian, director of Amtorg, 1924.
Ziffer,
Bernard (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zilbermeister:
birth name of Nathan Gregory Silvermaster.
Zimny,
John Anthony (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zina”:
Kamaeva, Anna Fedorovna] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“Zinger”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): David Greenglass, March 1950-.
Zinoviev,
Grigory: Senior Bolshevik leader at the time of the Bolshevik coup and a
leading figure in the Soviet government in the 1920s.
Ziomback,
Frank, production man (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zionists:
“Rats” (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zisman,
Y.L.: Correspondent of Iosif ? in 1935.
Zlatowski,
George: Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Veteran of the International Brigades and secret Communist, he became a
U.S. Army intelligence officer in WWII and with the occupation of Austria. Husband of Jane Foster. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks:
“Rector”.
Zlatowski,
Jane Foster: See Jane Foster.
Zlotovsky,
?: (Spelling unconfirmed. Alternative
translation: Zlotowski) Described as a
Polish scientist in the Manhattan atomic project with which the Soviets had
only official contact.
“Znamenskij”
[“Znamensky”] (on ship Soviet): Alekseev, Vasilij [Vasily] Mikhailovich (KGB line) [source Venona]
Zolotnitsky,
?: Described as a friend of Victor Hammer.
Zoltowski,
Janusz (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zon”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Zone”.
“Zona”
? “Zone”: unidentified female (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
“Zone”
[Zon] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Mary Price starting in
September 1944. “Zone” appeared in the
Venona decryptions as an unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent with
attributes compatible with Price.[545]
“Zoniya”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Austria, 1950.
“Zora”
(cover name in Vassiliev notebooks): Soviet intelligence source/agent. Likely Flora Don Wovschin. “Zora” was identified in the Venona
decryptions as Flora Don Wovschin.[546]
“Zora”:
Wovschin, Flora Don (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zorin”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
Zorin,
Velerian A.: Senior Soviet official, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs,
1947-55 and chairman of the Committee of Information (KI) in 1950..
“Zouave”:
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line)
[source Venona]
“Zoya”:
Apresyana, Aleksandra Grigorevna (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zoya”:
Zarubina, Aleksandra [West Venona]
Zubilin,
Elizabeth: Pseudonym used by Elizabeth Zarubin.
Zubilin,
Vasily Mikhajlovich: “Maksim” (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona] vice-counsul in Soviet consulate, NYC, Dec 1941 to July
1943. Real name Zarubin.
Zubilina,
Elisavetz [Elizabeth] Y.: “Vardo”: (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zubrev,
Ivan Petrovich, KGB, engineer, under Purchasing Commission cover, 1942-1943
(KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zuev”:
Purubov, Roman Sergeevich, (KGB line)
[source Venona]
“Zveno”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Link”.
“Zveno”
/ “Link”: unidentified name (may be
William Weisband, Philips) (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“Zvesdochet”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Astrologer”.
“Zvezda”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, references to in 1937.
Zvezda means Star in Russian.
However, there are two other cover names that use “Star”, spelled
phonetically in Cyrillic Russian, in the notebooks. To reduce confusion “Zvezda” is simply transliterated from
Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet rather than translated to Star.
“Zvuk”
(cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Sound”.
“Zvuk”:
Golos, Jacob [source Schecter Sacred Secrets]
“Zvuk”
/ “Sound”: Jacob Golos (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
Zworykin,
Vladimir Kozmich: Electronic engineer and pioneer of early television.
Zyavkin,
?: Name in the Whalen documents, 1930.
Zyryanov,
Gennadij [Gennady] Aleksandrovich from DC to Purchasing Commission in Seattle
[source Venona]
XX
Partials:
??
Nikolaevich, Nikolaj [Nikolay], on ship Soviet”: ..em..ov (KGB line) [source
Venona] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
?
Rafael (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...azo,
C.P. (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
...d”:
UNC/21
...d
unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. Line) [source Venona]
“...ee,
Geoffrey (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
...ek”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...em..ov”:
?? Nikolaj [Nikolay] Nikolaevich (on
ship Soviet (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...enko”:
Klotik (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...er”:
unidentified [not Foster] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...esson”:
partial unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...ev”:
Brahms (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...gel”:
UCN/22 (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...inov”:
partial unidentified name possibly Verinov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...is”:
partial name who had an article in 6 July 19?? American Magazine about U.S.
intelligence organizations (KGB U.S.
line) [source Venona]
...kup
[...koop] (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...leau
Roebiah (ship) [source Venona]
...maha
(ship) [source Venona]
...man”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...o”:
unidentified (KGB line) [source Venona]
“...olins”:
partial of unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...or
”: unidentified (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
“...ov
”: of Soviet embassy (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
“...ovtsev”:
partial of unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
...rey,
chief engineer of firm Carbide Trio [unidentified name] (KGB U.S. line) [source
Venona]
“...ris”:
partial of unidentified name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
...rov,
Lt. possibly Donald K. Maissurov (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
...skij
[...sky] (KGB Mexico City line) [source Venona]
...ssy:
unidentified (KGB U.S. Line) [source
Venona]
“...zul
or ....zule”: partial of unidentified cover name (KGB U.S. line) [source Venona]
[1] John
Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999).
[2] John
Earl Haynes, Harvey Klehr, and Alexander Vassiliev, Spies: The Rise and Fall
of the KGB in America (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009).
[3] NSA/FBI
footnotes to the Venona messages released by the National Security Agency as
well as the Venona monographs prepared by Robert Louis Benson and other
documents of the Venona project Images of the Venona documents, organized by
chronology, are available on the Web at: <
http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/venona/index.shtml >. Other Venona related documents and Benson’s
highly useful monographs are also accessible from that site. Benson’s monographs include: Robert L.
Benson, The Venona Story (Ft. Meade, MD: Center for Cryptologic History,
National Security Agency, 2001); Robert Louis Benson, The KGB and GRU in
Europe, South America, and Australia: Venona Historical Monograph #5,
pamphlet, Venona Historical Monograph (Fort Meade, Maryland: Center for
Cryptologic History, n.d. (October 1996)); Robert Louis Benson, The KGB in
San Francisco and Mexico City: The GRU in New York and Washington: Venona
Historical Monograph #4, pamphlet, Venona Historical Monograph (Fort Meade,
Maryland: Center for Cryptologic History, n.d. (July 1996)); Robert Louis
Benson, The 1944–45 New York and Washington-Moscow KGB Messages: Venona
Historical Monograph #3, pamphlet, Venona Historical Monograph (Fort Meade,
Maryland: Center for Cryptologic History, n.d. (March 1996)); Robert Louis
Benson, The 1942–43 New York-Moscow KGB Messages: Venona Historical
Monograph #2:, pamphlet, Venona Historical Monograph (Fort Meade, Maryland:
Center for Cryptologic History, n.d. (October 1995)) Robert Louis Benson, Venona:
New Releases, Special Reports, and Project Shutdown: Venona Historical
Monograph #6, pamphlet, Venona Historical Monograph (Fort Meade, Maryland:
Center for Crytologic History, n.d. (September 1997)); Robert Louis Benson, Introductory
History of Venona and Guide to Translations, pamphlet, Venona Historical
Monograph (Fort Meade, Maryland: Center for Cryptologic History, n.d. (July
1995)).
[4] Joseph
Albright and Marcia Kunstel, Bombshell: The Secret Story of America’s
Unknown Atomic Spy Conspiracy (New York: Times Books, 1997).
[5] Christopher
M. Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin
Archive and the Secret History of the KGB (New York: Basic Books, 1999).
[6] *Elizabeth
Bentley, “Elizabeth Bentley FBI Deposition of 30 November 1945” (1945).*
[7] Whittaker
Chambers, Witness (New York: Random House, 1952).
[8] Igor
Damaskin, Kitty Harris: The Spy with 17 Names, assisted by Geoffrey
Elliott (London: St Ermin’s, 2001).
[9] Alexander
Feklisov and Sergei Kostin, The Man Behind the Rosenbergs, trans. Catherine
Dop (New York: Enigma Books, 2001).
[10] Harvey
Klehr, John Earl Haynes, and Fridrikh Igorevich Firsov, The Secret World of
American Communism (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).
[11] Jerrold
L. Schecter and Leona Schecter, Sacred Secrets: How Soviet Intelligence
Operations Changed American History (Washington, DC: Brassey’s, 2002).
[12] Allen
Weinstein, Perjury: The Hiss-Chambers Case (New York: Random House,
1997).
[13] Nigel
West, Venona: The Greatest Secret of the Cold War (London:
HarperCollins, 1999).
[14] Chambers,
Witness, 387–92; Julius Kobyakov, “ALES/Hiss,” H-Diplo, 22 March
2004, < http://www.h-net.org/~diplo/ >.
[15] Eduard
Mark, “Venona’s Source 19 and the Trident Conference of May 1943: Diplomacy or
Espionage?” Intelligence and National Security 13, no. 2
(April 1998).
[16] See
“Source No. 19” in Appendix A, John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona:
Decoding Soviet Espionage in America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
[Nota Bene], 2000). Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield.
[17] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[18] The
“Ant” misspelling was in the original KGB document and Vassiliev in the
notebook noted that this was a misspelling of “Abt.” Elizabeth Bentley, “FBI
Deposition, 30 November 1945, FBI File 65–56402, Serial 220,” 51–54, 105;
Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000], 340.
[19] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[20] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[21] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 26.
[22] Grigorii
Sergeevich Agabekov, Ch. K. Za Rabotoi [The Cheka at Work] (1931). Published in the U.S. as: *G. S. Agabekov,
“OGPU, the Russian Secret Terror” (1931).*.
[23] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[24] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[25] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[26] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[27] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[28] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[29] Eduard
Mark, “Who Was ‘Venona’s ‘Ales’? Cryptanalysis and the Hiss Case,” Intelligence
and National Security 18, no. 3 (Autumn 2003).
[30] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[31] Harvey
Klehr and Ronald Radosh, The Amerasia Spy Case: Prelude to McCarthyism
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996).
[32] Venona
1791 KGB New York to Moscow, 20 December 1944.
In this message “Cora’s” husband is referred to by both the cover name
“Ampere” and “Roy.” FBI/NSA judged that
both referred to the same person, redacted the real name in both cases.
[33] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[34]
“Arena” appeared in Venona and was identified by NSA/FBI as the cover name of
Mary Price in messages of April and May 1944 and as unidentified in a message
of June 1943. Appendix A, Haynes and
Klehr, Venona [2000]. In light
of the detail supplied in the Vassiliev notebooks, NSA/FBI’s identification of
“Arena” in the Venona cables as Mary Price appeared to be incorrect.
[35] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 10–11. An
unidentified cover name “Alexander” appears in Venona associated with Central
and South American operations, and Arenal would be a candidate for that
“Alexander.” Appendix A, Haynes and
Klehr, Venona [2000].
[36] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 10–11.
[37] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944.
[38] Appendix
A (“Arnold” used rather than the correct “Arno”), Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000]. Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[39] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[40]
“Comintern Apparatus Summary Report,” 15 December 1944, serial 3702, FBI
Comintern Apparatus file; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 46–49.
[41] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[42] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 99–101; Schecter and Schecter,
Sacred Secrets, 61–62; Robert L. Benson, Venona Story, 50.
[43] Sam
Tanenhaus, Whittaker Chambers: A Biography (New York: Random House,
1997), 115.
[44] Tanenhaus,
Whittaker Chambers, 115.
[45] Feklisov
and Kostin, Man Behind, 283, 286.
[46] Anatoly
Gorsky, “Failures in the USA (1938–48),” in Black Notebook, Alexander
Vassiliev, 77–79.
[47] On
Bachrach Communist background and her work for Rep. Bernard, a strong ally of
the CPUSA, see Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 318–19 and
Hope Hale Davis, Great Day Coming: A Memoir of the 1930s (South
Royalton, Vt.: Steerforth Press, 1994), 69; John J. Abt, Advocate and
Activist: Memoirs of an American Communist Lawyer, assisted by Michael
Myerson (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993), 40–41.
[48] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
On Barker’s role as head of the CPUSA covert apparatus, see Klehr,
Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 59–60, 83–95, 99–103, 119–21,
147–50, 205–15, 225, 230–32, 147–48.
[49] On
Baldwin’s secret Communist allegiances, see John Gates to Joseph Starobin,
undated, Box 10, folder 2, Philip Jaffe Papers, Emory University, Atlanta,
Georgia.
[50] Venona
975 KGB New York to Moscow, 11 July 1944.
[51] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Steven Usdin, Engineering
Communism (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005).
[52] Venona
3706 KGB Washington to Moscow, 29 June 1945; Testimony of Alice Barrows, 28
June 1953, U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Interlocking
Subversion in Government Departments [Hearings] (Washington: U.S. Govt.
Print. Off., 1953), part 12, 830–40.
[53] Venona
1327 KGB New York to Moscow; Report on Paul Gibson interview with David
Greenglass, 30 July 1953, FBI Rosenberg file, see ref batch 24, 65-15478,
serial 296
[54] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Elizabeth Bentley and Hayden B.
Peake, Out of Bondage: The Story of Elizabeth Bentley (New York: Ivy
Books, 1988), 104.
[55] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[56] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[57] Haynes
and Klehr, Venona [2000], 372.
[58] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Bentley and Peake, Out of Bondage, 42–43,
92, 95.
[59] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945”; Bentley and Peake, Out of Bondage; Kathryn S.
Olmsted, Red Spy Queen: A Biography of Elizabeth Bentley (Chapel Hill:
University of North Carolina Press, 2002); Lauren Kessler, Clever Girl:
Elizabeth Bentley’s Life in and Out of Espionage (New York: HarperCollins,
2003); Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[60] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[61] Gorsky,
“Failures in the USA,” 77–79.
[62] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[63] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Cover name dating based on Venona
1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[64] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[65] "Blerio"
after Louis Bleriot, French engineer who had crossed the English channel in
1909.
[66] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[67] Straight
provided a partial account of his recruitment and relationship with Soviet
espionage in Michael Whitney Straight, After Long Silence (New York: W.W.
Norton, 1983). Additional information
is provided in John Earl Haynes, “Speak No Evil, Michael Straight: After
Long Silence,” Chronicles of Culture 7, no. 11 (1983);
Sidney Hook, “The Incredible Story of Michael Straight,” Encounter [Great
Britain], December 1983; Robert King, “Treason and Traitors,” Society 26,
no. 5 (July-August 1989); Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 183–84;
Nigel West and Oleg Tsarev, The Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at the
Heart of the KGB Archives (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press,
1999), 112–13, 116, 130–34, 174; Robert Cecil, “The Cambridge Comintern,”
in The Missing Dimension: Governments and Intelligence Communities in the
Twentieth Century, ed. Christopher M. Andrew and David Dilks (Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1984). John Costello, Mask of Treachery
(New York: W. Morrow, 1988).
[68] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[69] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[70]
Serials 813, 816, 843 of Iskhak Akhmerov FBI file 65-57905. Andrew and Mitrokhin translate Bookman’s
real name from the Russian as “Buchman” and translate the cover name as
“Employer.” Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 106, 109.
[71]
Serials 813, 816, 843 of Iskhak Akhmerov FBI file 65-57905. Andrew and Mitrokhin translate Bookman’s real
name from the Russian as “Buchman” and translate the cover name as “Employer.”
Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 106, 109.
[72] The
original word in Russian is Бой
(Boy), and Бой in Russian is translated as Battle, Combat, or
Struggle but terms of that sort were rarely used as cover names. However, Бой phontically
transliterated into English is Boy.
Often KGB used Cyrillic to phonetically spell out an English word, and
Boy is the translation choice made here.
[73] Ibid.
[74] Ibid.
[75] Katherine
A.S. Sibley, Red Spies in America: Stolen Secrets and the Dawn of the Cold
War (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2004), 110; Robert J.
Lamphere and Tom Shachtman, The FBI-KGB War a Special Agent’s Story
(Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1995), 167–68.
[76]
British Security Service files Engelbert Broda (KV 2/2349-2354), released 4
September 2006 < http://www.mi5.gov.uk/output/Page526.html >. See also the unidentified cover name “K.”
that appears to be identical with “Eric”/Broda in Nigel West and Oleg Tsarev, The
Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at the Heart of the KGB Archives (London:
HarperCollins, 1998), 231–33, 236; Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword and the
Shield, 114–15.
[77] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Cover name dating based on Venona
1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[78] Venona
1151 KGB New York to Moscow, 12 August 1944.
[79] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 13–14; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000];
“Expert” does not occur in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. The shift from “Constructor” to “Expert” is
documented in Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[80] See
Bentley, “Deposition 1945”; James G. Ryan, Earl Browder: The Failure of American
Communism (Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1997); Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 232–58.
[81] Two
earlier autobiographies of Raisa Browder were also found. Both contain substantially the same
information, including that of holding “extraordinary powers” as a commissar of
justice. See R. Luganovskaia 1932
AUCP(b) autobiography, 17 June 1932, RGASPI 495-261-3264; R. Luganovskaia 1933
ILS autobiography, 19 March, 1933, RGASPI 495-261-3264.
[82] Klehr,
Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 238–43.
[83] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[84] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 38; Louis Budenz affidavit, 11 November 1950, “American
Aspects of the Assassination of Leon Trotsky,” U.S. Congress, House of
Representatives, Committee on Un-American Activities, 81st Cong., 2d sess.,
U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities, American Aspects of
Assassination of Leon Trotsky. (Washington: U. S. Govt. Print. Off.,
1951), part 1, v-ix; Louis F. Budenz, Men Without Faces: The Communist
Conspiracy in the U. S. A. (New York: Harper, 1950), 123–26; Jimmy
Randall Grant, “Louis Francis Budenz: The Origins of a Professional
Ex-Communist” (Ph.D. diss., University of South Carolina, 2006).
[85] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[86] W.
G. Krivitsky, In Stalin’s Secret Service (New York: Enigma Books,
2000), 236; V. M. Lurie and V. IA. Kochik, GRU: Dela i Liudi [GRU:
Cases and People] (Sankt-Peterburg Moskva: Neva Olma-Press,
2002), 356. We thank Russian historian
Svetlana Chervonnaya for calling our attention to this entry. Tanenhaus, Whittaker
Chambers, 548, n. 16.
[87] See:
Will Brownell and Richard N. Billings, So Close to Greatness: A Biography of
William C. Bullitt (New York: Macmillan, 1987); Michael Cassella-Blackburn,
“William C. Bullitt: Fear and Loathing of the Soviet Union, 1917–1948” (Ph.D.
diss., Syracuse University, 1997).
[88] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[89] Venona
1289, KGB New York to Moscow, 9 September
1944; Venona 1291 KGB New York to Moscow, 9 September 1944; Venona 1312 KGB New York to Moscow, 14
September 1944; Venona 1507 KGB New York to Moscow, 23 October 1944; Venona
1805 KGB New York to Moscow, 23 December 1944; Venona 1814 1815 KGB New York to
Moscow, 23 December 1944; Venona 781 - 787 KGB New York to Moscow, 25-26 May
1945.
[90] Spelled
“Maedchen” in the notebook.
[91] Haynes
and Klehr, Venona [2000], 76–77; Federal Bureau of Investigation,
“‘Existing Corroboration of Bentley’s Overall Testimony,’ 6 May 1955,” in Silvermaster
File (FBI File 65–56402), Serial 4201; Bentley, “Deposition
1945,” 11; Bentley and Peake, Out
of Bondage, 254–55, 327; Winston Burdett testimony, 29 June 1955, U.S.
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Strategy and Tactics of World
Communism (Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1955), part 14.
[92] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; New York FBI field office to Hoover
and FBI Washington Field Office, 1
February 1946, Serial 442, “FBI Silvermaster File 65–56402”; Klehr, Haynes, and
Firsov, Secret World, 316–17.
[93] Christopher
M. Andrew and Oleg Gordievsky, KGB: The Inside Story of Its Foreign
Operations from Lenin to Gorbachev (New York, NY: HarperCollinsPublishers,
1990).
[94] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[95] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[96] The
original Cyrillic Russian transliterates as “Lager U” and literally translates
as “Camp U,” but in this case KGB, knowing that the Manhattan atomic project
designation for its facilities at Los Alamos was “Site Y”, chose to treat the
Cyrillic Russian letter “Y” (which is actually the equivalent of “U” in the
Latin alphabet) as the Latin “Y” rather than the actual Cyrillic equivalent of
the Latin “Y”, the letter “Ы”.
[97] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[98] Adolf
Berle, “Underground Espionage Agent [Transcription of Berle’s Notes of 2
September 1939 Interview with Whittaker Chambers],” in Interlocking
Subversion in Government Departments [Hearings], U.S. Senate Internal
Security Subcommittee (Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1953), part 6, pp.
329–30.
[99] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[100] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[101] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[102] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[103] See
“The Librarian Spies,” pp. 177-180, and Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[104] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
“Noise” is identified in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks as Cham. “Spline” appears earlier but is
unidentified. The shift of “Spline” to
“Noise” is documented in Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[105] Alexander
Vassiliev, Black Notebook [2007 English Translation], trans. Philip
Redko (1993–96), 114.
[106] Chambers
wrote in his autobiography that he was known as “Carl” in the Communist covert
apparatus in Washington. Carl and Karl
are spelled identically in Russian and always transliterate from the Russian as
“Karl.” Chambers, Witness, 336. On Chambers’ role in Soviet espionage, see:
Weinstein, Perjury [1997]; Tanenhaus, Whittaker Chambers.
[107] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[108]
Appendix C, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[109] Venona
1905 KGB New York to Moscow, 17
November 1943; Venona 776 KGB New York to Moscow, 31 May 1944; Venona 928 KGB
New York to Moscow, 1 July 1944.
[110] Reference
to Charley as Helmsman/Browder’s courier in a late 1944 report is a possibly
reference to Joseph Katz. Vassiliev, Black, 189.
[112] Hansheng
Chen, Si Ge Shi Dai di Wo [My Life During Four Ages], assisted by
Xuefang Ren (Beijing, PRC: Zhongguo wen shi chu ban she Xin hua shu dian
Beijing fa xing suo fa xing [Chinese Culture and History Press], 1988).
[113] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[114] From
the early 1950s onward, with his brother Morris, a FBI informant. See: David J. Garrow, The FBI and Martin
Luther King, Jr.: From “Solo” to Memphis (New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press, 2001) ; John Barron, Operation Solo: The FBI’s Man in the Kremlin
(Washington, D.C.: Regnery Pub., 1995).
[115] From
the early 1950s onward, a FBI informant during which time he was assigned by
the CPUSA supervising the transfer of subsidies from the USSR to the CPUSA and
acted as a liaison between the CPUSA and the CPSU. See: Garrow, The FBI and Martin Luther King, Jr.: From “Solo”
to Memphis; Barron, Solo.
[116] Alexander
Vassiliev comment: From “Cio-Cio-san,” the character in the opera “Madame
Butterfly.”
[117] Albright
and Kunstel, Bombshell, 184–85.
[118] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[119] Testimony
of Charles J. (Robert) Coe, 11 June 1953, U.S. Senate Internal Security
Subcommittee, Interlocking Subversion, part 11, 707–23.
[120] U.S.
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Interlocking Subversion, part
16, 1219–21; “FBI Silvermaster File 65–56402,” serial 2024; Frank Coe
testimony, 13 August 1948, U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities, Hearings
Regarding Communist Espionage in the United States (Washington: U.S. Govt.
Print. Off., 1948), 914–28; Frank Coe interview, 4 June 1947, serial 2530,
“FBI Silvermaster File 65–56402”; Benjamin Mandell report on Frank Coe, 12
November 1953, U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Interlocking
Subversion, part 16, 1073; Testimony of Virginius Frank Coe, 1
December 1952, U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities of
United States Citizens Employed by the United Nations (Washington: U.S.
Govt. Print. Off., 1952), 227–56; Felix Belair, Jr., “World Fund Ousts
Aide who Balked at Red, Spy Queries,” New York Times (4 December 1952);
Testimony of Frank V. Coe, 20 October 1953, Committee on Government Operations
U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Hearings, Transfer of
Occupation Currency Plates -- Espionage Phase, Part 1 (Washington: U.S.
Govt. Print. Off., 1953), 20; Frank Coe, “A Leap That Has Made History,” China
Reconstructs [Peking, PRC] (January 1959); Robert Alden, “Frank Coe Lauds
Red China’s Work,” New York Times (21 February 1959), 4; UPI, “China
Catching Up, U.S. Economist Says,” Washington Post (1 January 1959);
Harvey Schwartz, “Red China Assails U.S. Communists,” New York Times (16
August 1964), 77; Sidney Rittenberg, The Man Who Stayed Behind, assisted
by Amanda Bennett (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), 251; Haynes and
Klehr, Venona [2000], 143–45, 345; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[121] Albright
and Kunstel, Bombshell.
[122] Ibid.
[123] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[124] Chambers,
Witness; Davis, Great Day; Nathaniel Weyl, Encounters With
Communism (Philadelphia, PA: Xlibris, 2004).
[125] William
Herrick in his autobiography says Emil Conason was his cousin. William Herrick,
Jumping the Line: The Adventures and Misadventures of an American Radical
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1998), 39–41.
[126] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944.
[127] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[128] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000];
Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 294–95. On the Coplon case, see “Judith Coplon: The
Spy Who Got Away with It” in John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Early Cold
War Spies: The Espionage Trials That Shaped American Politics (New York:
Cambridge University Press, 2006) and Marcia Mitchell and Thomas Mitchell, The
Spy Who Seduced America: Lies and Betrayal in the Heat of the Cold War: The
Judith Coplon Story (Montpelier, VT: Invisible Cities Press, 2002).
[129] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[130] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 233–38.
[131] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 87.
[132] Chambers,
Witness, 468; Berle, “Espionage Agent”; Bentley, “Deposition
1945,” 25, 43; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[133] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[134] Venona
670 KGB New York to Moscow, 11 May 1944; Venona 727 KGB New York to Moscow, 20
May 1944; Venona 826 KGB New York to Moscow, 7 June 1944.
[135] Appendix
C, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[136] Dar
is the Russian word for gift. Alexander
Vassiliev, however, states that he believes that “Dar” was intended as a simple
name and not “Dar” as the word meaning Gift.
However, “Dar” also occurred in Venona and was translated as
“Gift.” Rather than confuse matters,
the Venona precedent is accepted in the translation used here.
[137] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[138] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[139] .Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 307.
[140] Klehr,
Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 259–86.
[141] Statement of Nicholas Dozenberg, 4 October 1949, U.S. House
Committee on Un-American Activities, Hearings Regarding Communist Espionage
(Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1951), 3540; Herbert Romerstein and
Stanislav Levchenko, The KGB Against the “Main Enemy”: How the Soviet
Intelligence Service Operates Against the United States (Lexington, Mass.:
Lexington Books, 1989), 16.
[142] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[143] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[144] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[145] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[146] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[147] Harvey
Klehr, John Earl Haynes, and Kyrill M. Anderson, The Soviet World of
American Communism (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998), 91–106.
[148] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Hede Massing, This Deception
(New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1951), 206–11; Berle, “Espionage
Agent”.
[149] Durmaskhin
under the spelling Dourmashkin appears in CPUSA records. Klehr, Haynes, and
Firsov, Secret World, 145–46.
[150] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[151] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[152] West
and Tsarev, Crown Jewels.
[153] Eduard”
was not directly identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks. However, Jones York later cooperated with the FBI and identified
the photograph of Emanuel Locke as his liaison with the KGB in this
period. Locke, confronted by the FBI,
confessed to having worked as the courier between York and Shumovsky in this
period. R. B. Hood to Director, 14
April 1950, serial 57; San Francisco FBI memo, 27 June 1954, serial 136, Jones
Orin York FBI file 65-2223.
[154] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[155] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[156] Elsa
is used for Lowry in some notes prior to mid-1945, but appears to beVassiliev’s
annotations that Lowry later had the Elsa cover name. Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[157] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 58–61, 63–64, 85–89, 97, 102.
[158]
Chemist at Shell Oil in California, Eltenton was a British subject who had
worked for some years in the Soviet Union.
In the U.S. he was an activist in the Federation of Architects,
Engineers, Chemists and Technicians, a small Communist-led CIO union. “Comintern Apparatus Summary Report,” 15
December 1944, FBI Comintern Apparatus file, serial 3702, see also memo of 1
November 1944, serial 3378.
[159] New
York FBI report of period 1 December 1946 through 31 March 1947, Comintern
Apparatus file, serial 5427; Whittaker Chambers, “Statement to the Federal
Bureau of Investigation,” 11 May 1949, reproduced in Edith Tiger and Victor
Rabinowitz, eds., In Re Alger Hiss: Petition for a Writ of Error Coram Nobis
(New York: Hill and Wang, 1979), 79–80.
[160] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Cover name dating based on Venona
1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[161] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 6–9.
[162] West
and Tsarev, Crown Jewels, 231–33, 236; Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword
and the Shield, 114–15.
[163] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[164] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 30.
[165] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944 and
Venona 164 KGB Moscow to New York, 20 February 1945. Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[166] Venona’s
deciphering of the cover name as “Ernest” rather than “Ernst” likely results in
the minor difference in Russian of the rendering of “Ernst” and “Ernest” and a
minor error in recreated the Soviet code book. Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[167] Alan
Cullison, “The Lost Victims,” Associated Press Wire Service, 9 November
1997.
[168] Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[169] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944.
[170] Venona
585 KGB New York to Moscow, 29 April 1944; Venona 586 KGB New York to Moscow, 29 April 1944; Venona 601 KGB New York to
Moscow, 2 May 1944; Venona 611 KGB New York to Moscow, 3 May 1944; Venona 852
KGB New York to Moscow, 16 June 1944; Venona 915 KGB New York to Moscow, 28
June 1944; Venona 1160 KGB New York to Moscow, 14 August 1944; Venona 1275 KGB
New York to Moscow, 7 September 1944.
[171] Feklisov
and Kostin, Man Behind.
[172] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[173] Berle,
“Espionage Agent”; Mária Schmidt, “Noel Field -- The American Communist at the
Center of Stalin’s East European Purge: From the Hungarian Archives,” American
Communist History 3, no. 2 (December 2004); Mária Schmidt, Battle
of Wits - Beliefs, Ideologies and Secret Agents in the 20th Century
(Budapest, Hungary: XX. Század Intézet, 2007); Bernd-Rainer Barth and Werner
Schweizer, Der Fall Noel Field: Schlüsselfigur der Schauprozesse in
Osteuropa, assisted by Thomas Grimm, Arte Edition (2 vols, Berlin: BasisDruck,
2005–7); Flora Lewis, Red Pawn: The Story of Noel Field. (Garden City,
N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965); Massing, This Deception.
[174] Vassiliev,
Black, 131; Ronald Radosh and Joyce Milton, The Rosenberg File
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997), 307–14; Steve Usdin, “Sarant,
Barr, Perl,” 3 January 2006, posting on H-HOAC
<http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=lm&list=h-hoac>.
[175] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[176] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[177] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 51, 53–54, 56, 80; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000]; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 312–15.
[178] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 312–15.
[179] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[180] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[181] Berle,
“Espionage Agent”; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[182] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[183] Memo
on Leona and Joseph Franey, 5 August 1944, FBI Comintern Apparatus file (FBI
file 100-203581), serial 2919; Memo on Leona and Joseph Franey, 21 August 1944,
FBI Comintern Apparatus file, serial 2989; FBI memo on Shevchenko, 30 October
1944, FBI Comintern Apparatus file, serial Serial 3379; FBI memo on Shevchenko,
9 December 1944, FBI Comintern Apparatus file, serial 3612; Leona Franey
testimony and Joseph Franey testimony, 6 June 1949, “Soviet Espionage
Activities in Connection with Jet Propulsion and Aircraft,” U.S. Congress,
House of Representatives, Un-American Activities Committee, 81st Cong., 1st
sess.; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB
New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[184] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[185] Hede
Massing in her autobiography wrote that in in January or February of 1937, she
and Gerda Frankfurter were assigned to surveil Ludwig Lore by two senior Soviet
intelligence officers, Boris Bazarov (known to her under the work name Fred)
and Bill (a work name used by Iskhak Akhmerov). Another agent, a Russian know to her as Anton, also assisted on
occasion with the surveillance.
Massing, This Deception, 139, 182–83, 195, 202–4, 218–19.
[187] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[188] Freeman
was a CPUSA member for years but was forced to leave due to his unwillingness
to submit to close supervision of his writings but remained an ally of the
party.
[189] “Friend”
appears in Venona in 1944 as the cover name of Oscar Lange, but “Friend” in
Venona was a translation of “Priyatel'” rather than “Drug” and was an entirely
different cover name.
[190] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[191] Appendix
C, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[192] Venona
912 KGB New York to Moscow, 27 June 1944.
[193] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[194] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[195] Venona
846 KGB New York to Moscow, 3 June 1943.
[196] Benjamin
Gitlow, I Confess: The Truth About American Communism (New York: E.P.
Dutton & Co., inc., 1940); Benjamin Gitlow, The Whole of Their Lives:
Communism in America--a Personal History and Intimate Portrayal of Its Leaders.
(New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1948).
[197] We
thank John McIlroy and Alan Campbell for bringing our attention to
Glading.
[198] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 312–15; Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 52, 55–57; Chambers, Witness, 430.
[199] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[200] Alfred
Slack FBI file #65-59183.
[201] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 28; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[202] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[203] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 25,
27.
[204] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945.”
[205] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944.
[206] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[207] U.S.
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities United Nations, pt.
1, 24–25; A U.N. administrative panel later awarded Gordon $122,500
compensation, a large sum at the time. U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee,
Activities of United States Citizens Employed by the United Nations
(Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1954), 6–7.
[208] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[209] Robert
Taschereau and Roy Lindsay Kellock, Royal Commissioners, The Report of the
Royal Commission Appointed Under Order in Council P.C. 411 of February 5, 1946
to Investigate the Facts Relating to and the Circumstances Surrounding the
Communication, by Public Officials and Other Persons in Positions of Trust, of
Secret and Confidential Information to Agents of a Foreign Power. June 27, 1946
(Ottawa: E. Cloutier, printer to the King, 1946); Igor Gouzenko, The Iron
Curtain, ed. and trans. Andy O’Brien (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1948); Robert
Bothwell and J. L. Granatstein, eds., The Gouzenko Transcripts: The Evidence
Presented to the Kellock-Taschereau Royal Commission of 1946 (Ottawa, Ont.:
Deneau, 1982).
[210] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 41.
[211] “Report by “X” dated 11.01.45 about the
meeting with ‘Raid,’” KGB file 45100 v.1, p.75, Alexander Vassiliev, White
Notebook #3 [2007 English Translation], trans. Steven Shabad
(1993–96), 75–76. Elizabeth
Bentley noted “Green” as a pseudonym used for Gregg by his KGB liaison.
Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 46.
[212] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 43.
[213] Ibid., 45–46,
79–80, 94.
[214] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 99–101; Schecter and Schecter,
Sacred Secrets, 61–62; Robert L. Benson, Venona Story, 50.
[215] In the Venona decryptions it was unclear
if “Green” was a cover name or a real
name, and if the latter, then it might be Abner Green. Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000], 351. Vassiliev’s
notebooks, however, establish that “Grin” was John Spivak’s cover name.
[216] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1251 KGB New York to Moscow, 2
September 1944.
[217] On
the Coplon case, see “Judith Coplon: The Spy Who Got Away with It” in Haynes
and Klehr, Earl Cold War Spies and Mitchell and Mitchell, Spy Who
Seduced America.
[218] Sibley,
Red Spies, 114–15; U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities, Soviet
Espionage Activities in Connection with Jet Propulsion and Aircraft
(Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1949).
[219] Cover
name shift based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[220] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Michael Dobbs, “Unlocking the
Crypts: Most Spies Code Revealed Escaped Prosecution,” Washington Post,
25 December 1995; Michael Dobbs, “Code Name ‘Mlad,’ Atomic Bomb Spy,” Washington
Post, 25 February 1996, 1, 20–21; Albright and Kunstel, Bombshell.
[221] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Bentley, “Deposition
1945,” 33–34, 39, 79–80; Don S. Kirschner, Cold War Exile: The Unclosed
Case of Maurice Halperin (Columbia, Mo.: University of Missouri Press,
1995).
[222] Klehr,
Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 26–30; Klehr, Haynes, and
Anderson, Soviet World, 132–35; Edward Jay Epstein, Dossier: The
Secret History of Armand Hammer (New York: Random House, 1996).
[223] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[224] V.
E. Tarrant, The Red Orchestra (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996).
[225]
Venona 1766 KGB New York to Moscow, 15 December 1944, refers to the U.S.
Ambassador to the USSR (Harriman) as “henceforth, Men.” However, Harriman appears as “Capitalist” in
Venona both before and after this message.
Venona 827 KGB New York to Moscow, 7 June 1944; Venona 83 KGB New York
to Moscow, 18 January 1945; Venona 781 - 787 KGB New York to Moscow, 25-26 May
1945; Venona 310 KGB San Francisco to Moscow 8 June 1945. “Capitalist” does not appear in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks.
[226] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 14, 92, 97, 99, 101–2.
[227] Born
Edith Suschitzky in Austria; her rather a radical Socialist. She trained as a kindergarten teacher and
photographyer. She became a Communist
and undertook Soviet intelligence missions in France and Great Britian in the
late 1920s. In 1933 she married Dr.
Alex Tudor Hart, a left-wing medical doctor sympathetic to the Communist Party
and moved to Britain. She worked for
KGB as a courier and link to British Communists and refugee Austrain Communists
in Britain. West and Tsarev, Crown Jewels, 273–74.
[228] Albert
Glotzer, Trotsky: Memoir & Critique (Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus
Books, 1989), n307; Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 87–88.
[229] FBI
Armand Labis Feldman file, FBI file 61-7574, serial 642.
[230] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 85.
[231] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[232] “FBI
Silvermaster File 65–56402,” serial 557;
“James Herbert Hibben,” Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences,
49,6 (1959), 196; Stuart G. Hibben, Aristocrat and Proletarian: The
Extraordinary Life of Paxton Pattison Hibben (Tamarac, FL: Llumina Press,
2006); Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944.
[233] Weinstein,
Perjury [1997]; Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000], 167–73;
Allen Weinstein and Alexander Vassiliev, The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage
in America – The Stalin Era (New York: Random House, 1999), 12,38–49,
165, 269; Schmidt, “Noel Field”;
Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 105.
[234] Berle,
“Espionage Agent”; Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 154, 196.
[235] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 115–16. “Hola” does not occur in Alexander
Vassiliev’s notebooks.
[236] Appendix
C, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[237] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Dating of cover name shift based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow,
5 October 1944.
[238] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[239] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[240] Moscow Center to London KGB station, 30
September 1945, KGB archival file 84490 v. 1, p. 128, in Alexander Vassiliev, Yellow
Notebook #1 [2007 English Translation], trans. Philip Redko
(1993–96), 77.
[241] Weinstein,
Perjury [1997], 96, 146, 280, 342.
[242] Gorsky,
“Failures in the USA,” 77–79.
[243] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[244] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[245] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[246] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[247] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[248] Nathaniel
Weyl in his memoir writes that Jackson attempted to join the CPUSA in 1934
while working for a government agency but Harold Ware turned him down on the
grounds that his excessive drinking was too risky for the covert party
organization in Washington. Weyl, Encounters
With Communism, 24–25.
[249] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[250] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[251] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[252] Herbert
Romerstein and Eric Breindel, The Venona Secrets: Exposing Soviet Espionage
and America’s Traitors (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2000).
[253] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 42–43.
[254] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Dating of cover name shift based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow,
5 October 1944.
[255] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 32; Appendix B, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[256] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[257] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 30–32, 78–80, 84; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[258] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[259] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[260] Vassiliev,
White #3, 96.
[261] Ibid., 98.
[262] West
and Tsarev, Crown Jewels, 231–33, 236; Andrew and Mitrokhin, Sword
and the Shield, 114–15.
[263] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 66, 106.
[264] Ibid., 28–29.
[265] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[266] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[267] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 26; U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities
of United States Citizens Employed by the United Nations (Washington: U.S.
Govt. Print. Off., 1953); U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities
United Nations.
[268]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[269] Oksana
Stepanovna Kasenkina, Leap to Freedom (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott
Co., 1949).
[270] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Bentley, “Deposition 1945”.
[271] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 36.
[272] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[273] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[274]
“The Librarian Spies,” pp. 177-180 and Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000]; Background memoranda of Philip and Mary Jane Keeney, “FBI
Silvermaster File 65–56402,” serial 2127; U.S. House Committee on
Un-American Activities, Testimony of Philip O. Keeney and Mary Jane Keeney
and Statement Regarding Their Background: Hearings (Washington: U. S. Govt.
Print. Off., 1949), 221–77.
[275] “The
Librarian Spies,” pp. 177-180 and Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000]; Background memoranda of Philip and Mary Jane Keeney, “FBI
Silvermaster File 65–56402,” serial 2127; U.S. House Committee on
Un-American Activities, Keeney Testimony.
[276] Markku
Ruotsila, British and American Anticommunism Before the Cold War (London
and Portland, OR: Frank Cass,
2001), 93–97, 124, 146, 168, 189, 191; Steve Weinberg, Armand Hammer:
The Untold Story (Boston: Little, Brown, 1989), 59, 66, 99.
[277] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[278] “Klim” was identified as Pavlov in
Romerstein and Breindel, Venona Secrets, 44.
[279] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[280] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[281] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[282] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[283] Klehr,
Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 306; Appendix A, Haynes and
Klehr, Venona [2000].
[284] Davis,
Great Day, 68–69; Weyl, Encounters With Communism; Haynes
and Klehr, Venona [2000], 354–55; Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 96,
106, 156, 185–85, 224–25, 231–35; Earl Latham, The Communist Controversy in
Washington: From the New Deal to McCarthy. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press, 1966), 107; Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 51–52, 54,
56, 105; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 312–15.
[285] Walter
G. Krivitsky, In Stalin’s Secret Service; an Exposé of Russia’s Secret
Policies by the Former Chief of the Soviet Intelligence in Western Europe
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1939).
See also Gary Kern, A Death in Washington: Walter G. Krivitsky and
the Stalin Terror (New York: Enigma Books, 2003).
[286] Ruth
Werner [Ursula Kuczynski], Sonya’s Report (London: Chatto & Windus
(Random Century Group), 1991).
[287] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[288] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[289] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 36.
[290]
During Whittaker Chambers’s years at Time magazine, he became a fierce
anti-Communist. For a period in 1944
and 1945, Chambers was in charge of the Foreign News department, where his
editing of stories to bring out matters that depicted the USSR in a poor light,
enraged several correspondents who demanded that publisher Henry Luce remove
him. Chambers identified the
ringleaders of the revolt as John Hersey, Theodore White, Charles Wertenbaker,
John Scott, and Richard Lauterbach.
Lauterbach, described by one scholar as “the correspondent Chambers
trusted least,” had been Time’s correspondent in Moscow. Chambers, Witness, 498;
Tanenhaus, Whittaker Chambers, 182; Appendix D, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[291] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[292] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 34–36, 40, 52, 57, 78–80; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr,
Venona [2000].
[293] Haynes
and Klehr, Venona [2000], 372.
[294] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[295] Chambers,
Witness, 387–92; Julius Kobyakov, “ALES/Hiss,” H-Diplo, 22 March
2004, < http://www.h-net.org/~diplo/ >.
[296] Venona
975 KGB New York to Moscow, 11 July 1944.
[297] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[298] Lieber
relationship with Chambers and activities in the party underground are
discussed in Chambers, Witness, 44–48; Weinstein, Perjury [1997].
[299] Likely
a pseudonym used by a KGB officer operating under diplomatic cover in the U.S.
[300]
Appendix A and B, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Jones York statement
of 6 October 1953 in William Wolf Weisband background memo, 27 November 1953,
in Office of Security, National Security Agency, reproduced in Robert Louis
Benson and Michael Warner, Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American
Response 1939–1957 (Washington, D.C.: National Security Agency; Central
Intelligence Agency, 1996), 167–69.
See also Robert Louis Benson and Michael Warner, “Who Was William
Weisband?” in Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American Response 1939–1957,
Robert Louis Benson and Michael Warner (Washington, D.C.: National Security
Agency; Central Intelligence Agency, 1996), xxviii.
[301] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 52, 55, 57.
[302] West
and Tsarev, Crown Jewels, 145; Vladimir Chikov, Stalin’s Atomic
Spies: KGB File N. 13676 [Unpublished American Edition of Comment Staline a
Volé la Bombe Atomique Aux Américains: Dossier KGB no 13676], trans and
afterword by Gary Kern (1995).
[303] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[304] York
cooperated with the FBI and identified the photograph of Emanuel Locke as his
liaison with the KGB in 1936-1938.
Locke, confronted by the FBI, confessed to having worked as the courier
between York and Stanislav Shumovsky in this period. R. B. Hood to Director, 14 April 1950, serial 57; San Francisco
FBI memo, 27 June 1954, serial 136, Jones Orin York FBI file 65-2223.
[305]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5
October 1944.
[306] On
Lore, see Kern, Death in Washington, 40–41; Chambers, Witness, 387–92;
Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 102, 168n, 282–83, 288, 300, 302, 356,
361.
[307] .Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 307.
[308] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[309]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. In Alexander Vassiliev
notebooks Elsa is used for Lowry in some notes prior to mid-1945 but are not in
quotations and appear to be Alexander Vassiliev’s personal references to Lowry
using the “Elsa” cover name. Lowry was
Earl Browder’s half-niece.
[310] Vassiliev,
Black, 52.
[311] Gorsky,
“Failures in the USA,” 77–79.
[312] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 51, 54, 56; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 312–15.
See “Kant” entries for overlap with “Kant” as the cover name for Mark Zborovski
in September - December 1944.
[313]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[314] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
“Map” is identified as Bransten Gregg Herken, Brotherhood of the
Bomb: The Tangled Lives and Loyalties of Robert Oppenheimer, Ernest Lawrence,
and Edward Teller (New York: Henry Holt and Co., 2002), 92–94, 119–22,
and 192–93.
[315] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 6–9.
[316] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 226; Oleg Kalugin, The
First Directorate: My 32 Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West,
assisted by Fen Montaigne (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994), 48–50.
[317] Haynes
and Klehr, Venona [2000], 362–63, 377; Weinstein and Vassiliev, Haunted
Wood, 4–10, 13, 35, 44, 48, 249–51, 298; Massing, This Deception.
[318] Bothwell
and Granatstein, The Gouzenko Transcripts: The Evidence Presented to the
Kellock-Taschereau Royal Commission of 1946, 74, 97; U.S. Congress
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Soviet Atomic Espionage (Washington:
U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1951), 58; Taschereau and Kellock, Royal
Commission..
[319] McNutt
also appears to be the man behind the cover name Monti in Feklisov and Kostin, Man
Behind, 97–100. Feklisov
described “Monti” as not a KGB cover name but one he created for his book.
[320] Boris
Morros, My Ten Years as a Counterspy, assisted by Charles Samuels (New
York: Viking Press, 1959), 47, 50, 55.
[321] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1766 KGB New York to Moscow, 15
December 1944.
[322] Robert
Owen Menaker came from a radical family.
His father, imprisoned for revolutionary activities in Russia, emigrated
to American and as co-owner of a handkerchief factory. Determined not to exploit his workers, the
elder Menaker abandoned manufacturing for farming and named his sons after
revolutionaries and radicals -- Peter Kropotkin Menaker, William Morris Menaker,
Robert Owen Menaker, and Frederick Engels Menaker. One of Robert Menaker’s nieces was married to the Soviet spy
Victor Perlo. Appendix A, Haynes and
Klehr, Venona [2000]; Daniel Menaker, The Old Left: Stories (New
York: Knopf, distr. by Random House, 1987),
[323] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[324] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[325] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 16–17, 54–46.
[326] Ibid., 32–33.
[327] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[328] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[329] Ben
Fischer, “‘Mr. Guver’: Anonymous Soviet Letter to the FBI,” Newsletter of
the Center for the Study of Intelligence, no. 7 (Winter-Spring
1997): 10–11; Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000], 44–46.
[330] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[331] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[332] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[333]
“Author” was identified in Venona as Morkovin.
In one of the Venona messages Andrey Shevchenko, a KGB agent operating
as a Soviet aircraft inspector, described Morkovin as cautious, friendly to
Soviet Union but not aware that Shevchenko was a Soviet intelligence officer.
[334] Morros,
My Ten Years as a Counterspy.
[335] Statement of Nicholas Dozenberg, 4 October
1949, U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities, Hearings Regarding
Communist Espionage, 3540; Romerstein and Levchenko, KGB, 16.
[336] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[337] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[338] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944 and Venona 164 KGB Moscow to New York, 20 February 1945.
[339] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 44; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[340] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[341] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[342] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944;
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[343] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[344] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[345] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[346] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[347] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[348] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[349] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[350] It
is possible the “Nora” was a garble or confusion for “Norma”/Kitty Harris.
[351] John
Costello and Oleg Tsarev, Deadly Illusions (New York: Crown Publishers
Inc., 1993); Damaskin, Kitty Harris: The Spy with 17 Names.
[352] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 47.
[353] Serial
2078, FBI Washington Field Office to Director, 21 February 1947; Serial
2349, FBI Washington Field Office
report, 21 April, 1947, interview with Bernard Nortman; Serial 1978, all in
“FBI Silvermaster File 65–56402”.
[354] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 115–16, 127. “Hola” does not appear in Cover name in
Vassiliev’s notebooks.
[355] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[356] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[357] Venona
619 KGB New York to Moscow, 4 May 1944.
[358] While
unidentified in the released Venona messages, Rosalyn Childs is suggests as a
candidate for Rose Olson/Olsen in Robert L. Benson, Venona Story. David Garrow in Garrow, The FBI and
Martin Luther King, Jr.: From “Solo” to Memphis takes the view that ??
[359] Alexander
Vassiliev, White Notebook #2 [2007 English Translation], trans. Steven
Shabad (1993–96), 10; Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 50.
[360] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[361] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[362] Appendix
A and D, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[363] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[364] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[365] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 32–33.
[366] Chambers,
Witness, 44–48. Lieber’s
covert work and relationship with Chambers is also discussed extensively in
Weinstein, Perjury [1997].
[367] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[368] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 29.
[369] Ibid., 52,
55, 57.
[370] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[371] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[372] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 40, 51–57, 78–80, 105; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 312–15.
[373] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[374] Chikov,
Stalin’s Atomic Spies: KGB File N. 13676 [Unpublished American Edition of
Comment Staline a Volé la Bombe Atomique Aux Américains: Dossier KGB no 13676];
Vladimir Chikov, “How the Soviet Secret Service Split the American Atom,” New
Times [Russia] 16 & 17 (23–30 April 1991); Gary Kern, “The PERSEUS
Disinformation Operation,” H-HOAC, 17 February 2006,
Http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=lm&list=h-hoac; “The Perseus
Myth” in Albright and Kunstel, Bombshell.
[375] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[376] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Cover name dating based on Venona
1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[377] Klehr,
Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 71–83, 91–97, 106–10, 124; Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000], 367,
378–79; Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 8, 38–39, 225, 262, 302.
[378] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[379] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[380] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[381] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[382] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[383] Venona
1151 KGB New York to Moscow, 12 August 1944.
[384] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[385] Chambers,
Witness, 44–48. Lieber’s
covert work and relationship with Chambers is also discussed extensively in
Weinstein, Perjury [1997].
[386] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[387] Porfiryev
was the family name of Krivitsky’s wife.
Gary Kern states that Krivitsky used the pseudonym of Walter Poref in
the U.S. in 1940. Kern, Death in
Washington, 300.
[388] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 3–4; Dorothy
Gallagher, All the Right Enemies: The Life and Murder of Carlo Tresca
(New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1988), 170–76; Bentley and
Peake, Out of Bondage, 108, 176–77; Chambers, Witness, 36;
The FBI conducted an extensive and fruitless investigation into Poyntz's
disappearance: FBI Poyntz file 100-206603.
[389] Venona
1132 1133 KGB New York to Moscow, 13 July 1943; 1930 KGB New York to Moscow, 21
November 1943.
[390] Gilbert
J. Gall, Pursuing Justice: Lee Pressman, the New Deal, and the CIO
(Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999); Latham, Controversy, 107–9;
Joseph P. Lash, Dealers and Dreamers: A New Look at the New Deal (New
York: Doubleday, 1988), 218, 326, 434–37.
[391] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 15–17, 33–35, 39, 43–44, 53–54, 71, 74, 77, 80, 91,
94–95.; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[392] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 34, 43–44, 80.
[393] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[394] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[395] KGB
officer Alexander Feklisov wrote that his successor in the U.S. was Alexander
Rogov who had the cover name “Svet,” i.e. “Light.” Feklisov and Kostin, Man Behind, 150.
[396] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[397] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[398] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on Venona
1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[399] Robert
L. Benson, Venona Story, 36.
[400] Vassiliev,
Black, 61.
[401] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 47–50, 79–80.
[402] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[403] In
Venona 976, New York KGB to Moscow, 11 July 1944, the cryptonym “Relay” has a
footnote that reads, “possibly Morton Sobell.”
Morton Sobell himself has claimed that this is evidence of the
unreliability of all Venona identifications because “Relay” is identified as
have an artificial leg or possibly using leg braces, and Sobell had neither.
Morton Sobell, rosenbergtrial.org (2002)An Examination of the
Authenticity of the Venona “Intercepts.”<http://rosenbergtrial.org/docsobven.html>. In fact, Sobell’s objection is without
merit. There are four Venona messages
relevant here. Venona 943, New York KGB
station to its Moscow headquarters, 4 July 1944, mentioned a Soviet source
cover named “Relay,” whose identity is unknown. This is the message noting the “Relay” had an artificial leg or a
brace. The NSA/FBI footnote said that
the “Relay” covername was later changed to “Serb” and that “Serb” was as yet
“unidentified.” as well. Venona 976,
New York KGB to Moscow, 11 July 1944, also mentioned RELAY and here the NSA/FBI
footnote said “possibly Morton Sobell.”
However, Venona 1251, New York KGB to Moscow, 2 September 1944 stated
that the “Relay” covername had been changed to “Serb” with the NSA footnote
stating, “‘Relay’ has been tentatively identified as Morton Sobell. However, the only other reference to SERB is
in New York’s no. 50 of 11 January 1945 and would not appear to refer to
Sobell.” Finally, Venona 50, New York
KGB to Moscow, 11 January 1945, has “Serb” in the message and “Serb” is
unidentified in the NSA/FBI footnotes.
The reasonable way to look at the identification of “Relay” / “Serb” is
to look at all four messages, not just one.
NSA/FBI analysts had RELAY or SERB unidentified in two messages, had a
third in which “Relay” is “possibly Morton Sobell” but then had a fourth in
which the analysts withdraw their tentative Sobell identification. That NSA/FBI did not conclude “Relay” or “Serb”
as Sobell is clear to any reasonable researcher. Sobell’s objection is a contrivance.
[404] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[405] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 47–49.
[406] Berle,
“Espionage Agent.”
[407]
Appendix C, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[408] Cullison,
“The Lost Victims.”
[409] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 14–15, 18, 59–62, 86, 89, 94–104.
[410] Son
[Rudy Baker] to Comintern, 22 February 1940 Archive of the Secretariat of the
Executive Committee of the Communist International: coded correspondence with
Communist Parties (1933-1943), RGASPI 495-184-4 (1939-1940 file); New York FBI
office memorandum, 3 December 1945, serial 292; Washington FBI office memo, 1
November 1946, serial 464; Scheidt to Hoover, 31 January 1947, serial 1976, all
in FBI Silvermaster file (FBI file 65-56402); Venona 1221 KGB New York to
Moscow, 26 August 1944; Bentley, “Deposition 1945,” 37, 87; Appendix A,
Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[411] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[412] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[413] Hede
Massing in her autobiography wrote that in in January or February of 1937, she
and Gerda Frankfurter were assigned to surveil Ludwig Lore by two senior Soviet
intelligence officers, Boris Bazarov (known to her under the work name Fred)
and Bill (a work name used by Iskhak Akhmerov). Another agent, a Russian know to her as Anton, also assisted on
occasion with the surveillance. Massing, This Deception, 199–205.
[415] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 41.
[416] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[417] Cullison,
“The Lost Victims.”
[418] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 3, 8.
[419] Feklisov
and Kostin, Man Behind, 150.
[420] Rollins
authored: Richard Rollins, I Find Treason: The Story of an American
Anti-Nazi Agent (New York: W. Morrow, 1941).
[421] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[422] Taschereau
and Kellock, Royal Commission, 111–18; Bentley, “Deposition
1945,” 11, 50.
[423] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 52, 54–55, 57;
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[424] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[425] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Radosh and Milton, Rosenberg File
(1997); Usdin, Engineering Communism; Feklisov and Kostin, Man
Behind.
[426] FBI
Armand Labis Feldman file, FBI file 61-7574, serials 315, 339, and 743.
[427] Richard
H. Tourin, Memoirs and Adventures (New York, NY: Privately published,
2003); Sibley, Red Spies, 33, 80, 261n116,262n122; Berle,
“Espionage Agent”.
[428] Gorsky,
“Failures in the USA,” 77–79.
[429] Venona
1791 KGB New York to Moscow, 20 December 1944.
In this message Cora’s husband is referred to by both the cover name
Ampere and Roy. FBI/NSA judged that
both referred to the same person, redacted the real name in both cases.
[430] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[431] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[432] Ersh
or Ërsh (Yorsh) could be Ruff, a type of fish but could also be brush (for a
lamp chimney), notched nail or spike, hair sticking up (?topknot?), or a drink
based on a mixture of beer and vodka.
[433] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[434] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[435] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[436] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[437] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[438] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[439] Appendix
C, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[440] In
Venona, “Salt” was identified as possibly Army intelligence.
[441] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[442] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Usdin, Engineering Communism,
[443] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[444] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Albright and Kunstel, Bombshell.
[445] U.S.
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities.. United Nations, 15.
[446] Kern,
Death in Washington, 319;
FBI memorandum, “Existing Corroboration of Bentley’s Overall Testimony,”
6 May 1955, “FBI Silvermaster File 65–56402,” serial 4201; Vassiliev, Black, 176.
[447] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 45; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[448] West
and Tsarev, Crown Jewels, 116, 274–76, 278.
[449] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[450]
Venona 388 KGB New York to Moscow, 18 March 1943; Venona 899 KGB New York to
Moscow, 11 June 1943; Venona 1200 KGB New York to Moscow, 23 August 1944;
Venona 1267 KGB New York to Moscow, 6 September 1944; Venona 1332 KGB New York
to Moscow, 18 September 1944.
[451] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[452] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[453] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on Venona
1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944. “Jean” does not appear in
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks.
[454] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[455] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Ann Sidorovich was identified as “Objective” in Feklisov and Kostin, Man
Behind, 142.
[456] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[457] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[458] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 24–27, 52; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[459] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 18–23, 25–27; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[460] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 18–28, 34, 40, 45, 52, 56, 74–75, 80, 91, 94, 104–5;
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[461] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 50.
[462] Venona
747 KGB New York to Moscow, 25 May 1944; Venona 1142 KGB New York to Moscow, 10
August 1944; Venona 1621 KGB New York to Moscow, 20 November 1944; Venona 1691
KGB New York to Moscow, 1 December 1944; Venona 500 KGB Moscow to Mexico City,
12 August 1944.
[463] Venona
653 KGB Moscow to Mexico City, 15 November 1944; Venona 559 KGB Moscow to
Mexico City, 7 September 1945.
[464] Radosh
and Milton, Rosenberg File (1997), 152–53; Sibley, Red Spies, 110–12.
[465] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[466] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[467] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[468] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Cover name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October
1944.
[469] Berle,
“Espionage Agent.”
[470] In
Venona 976, New York KGB to Moscow, 11 July 1944, the cryptonym “Relay” has a footnote
that reads, “possibly Morton Sobell.”
Morton Sobell himself has claimed that this is evidence of the
unreliability of all Venona identifications because “Relay” is identified as
have an artificial leg or possibly using leg braces, and Sobell had neither.
Sobell, An Examination of the Authenticity of the Venona “Intercepts.”<http://rosenbergtrial.org/docsobven.html>. In fact, Sobell’s objection is without
merit. There are four Venona messages
relevant here. Venona 943, New York KGB
station to its Moscow headquarters, 4 July 1944, mentioned a Soviet source
cover named “Relay,” whose identity is unknown. This is the message noting the “Relay” had an artificial leg or a
brace. The NSA/FBI footnote said that
the “Relay” covername was later changed to “Serb” and that “Serb” was as yet
“unidentified.” as well. Venona 976,
New York KGB to Moscow, 11 July 1944, also mentioned RELAY and here the NSA/FBI
footnote said “possibly Morton Sobell.”
However, Venona 1251, New York KGB to Moscow, 2 September 1944 stated
that the “Relay” covername had been changed to “Serb” with the NSA footnote
stating, “‘Relay’ has been tentatively identified as Morton Sobell. However, the only other reference to SERB is
in New York’s no. 50 of 11 January 1945 and would not appear to refer to
Sobell.” Finally, Venona 50, New York
KGB to Moscow, 11 January 1945, has “Serb” in the message and “Serb” is
unidentified in the NSA/FBI footnotes.
The reasonable way to look at the identification of “Relay” / “Serb” is
to look at all four messages, not just one.
NSA/FBI analysts had RELAY or SERB unidentified in two messages, had a
third in which “Relay” is “possibly Morton Sobell” but then had a fourth in
which the analysts withdraw their tentative Sobell identification. That NSA/FBI did not conclude “Relay” or
“Serb” as Sobell is clear to any reasonable researcher. Sobell’s objection is a contrivance.
[471] Radosh
and Milton, Rosenberg File (1997); Usdin, Engineering Communism.
[472] Albright
and Kunstel, Bombshell, 184–85.
[473] “FBI
Silvermaster File 65–56402,” serial 557; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000]. Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944; Venona 1509 KGB New York to
Moscow, 23 October 1944; Venona 1557 KGB New York to Moscow, 6 November 1944.
[474] The
cover name “Sound” is a play on Golos’s name, which means Voice in Russian.
[475] There
is one reference to “kurort” as a term for prison, but that appears to have
been ironic slang and not a cover name.
Alexander Vassiliev, White Notebook #1 [2007 English Translation],
trans. Steven Shabad (1993–96), 3.
[476] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 29–30, 66.
[477] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[478] Venona
927, 928 KGB New York to Moscow 3 July 1942; Fitin to Dimitrov, 8 July 1942,
Archive of the Dimitrov Secretariat of the Comintern, RGASPI 495-74-485;
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[479]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Dating of cover names based
on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944
[480] A
weak candidate for “Stanley” would be Stanley Glass. “Stanley” appears in association with industrial spies “El”
(Alfred Slack) and “Film” (Richard Briggs)
Glass, a chemist, was associated at the time with Slack and Briggs. See Alfred Slack FBI file, FBI file #
65-59183, serials 230, 281, 292, 298, 302, 333, 608.
[481] Interview
with Thomas Black, 20 June 1950, pp. 195-205, 257-260, Philadelphia file,
Thomas L. Black, 65-4332-1-B-17 FBI
FOIA “Julius Rosenberg et al.”; Ladd to Director, 28 February 1951, “This
memorandum is designed ...,” page 19 of the FBI FOIA “Venona” released to
Daniel P. Moynihan, part 1, <http://foia.fbi.gov/foiaindex/venona.htm>;
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Stapler is likely the source Feklisov gives the cover name “Knvat”
or “Vulture” in Feklisov and Kostin, Man
Behind, 55–56.
[482] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[483] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[484] Raymond Arthur Davies and Andrew J. Steiger,
Soviet Asia, Democracy’s First Line of Defense (New York: Dial Press,
1942); Henry Agard Wallace, Soviet Asia Mission, in collaboration with
Andrew J. Steiger (New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1946); Whitman Bassow puts
his death in Russia in the late 1960s.
Whitman Bassow, The Moscow Correspondents: Reporting on Russia from
the Revolution to Glasnost (New York: W. Morrow, 1988), 146; Testimony
of Louis Budenz, 23 September 1953, U.S. Senate Committee on Government
Operations, Executive Sessions of the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on
Investigations of the Committee on Government Operations (Washington, DC:
U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 2003), vol. 3, 1915.
[485] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 29.
[486] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[487] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[488] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[489] Straight
provided a partial account of his recruitment and relationship with Soviet
espionage in Straight, After Long Silence. Additional information is provided in Haynes, “Speak No Evil,
Michael Straight: After Long Silence”; Hook, “The Incredible Story of
Michael Straight”; King, “Treason and Traitors”; Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 183–84;
West and Tsarev, Crown Jewels, 112–13, 116, 130–34, 174; Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[490] Vassiliev,
White #1, 55.
[491] Pavel
Sudoplatov, et al., Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness, a
Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little, Brown, 1995).
[492] Gorsky,
“Failures in the USA,” 77–79.
[493] Ralph
De Toledano, “Stalin’s Hand in the Panama Canal,” in Plain Talk: An
Anthology from the Leading Anti-Communist Magazine of the 40s, ed. Isaac
Don Levine (New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1976).
[494] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
Dating of cover names based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5
October 1944. Although Venona indicates
that “Talent” was changed to “Henry” in October 1944, it may not have been
implemented. “Henry”/Malisoff did not appear in Venona while “Talent”
appeared in December 1944.
[495] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[496] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 25–26; Federal Bureau of Investigation, “‘Existing
Corroboration of Bentley’s Overall Testimony’.”
[497] The
exact spelling of this name is uncertain.
In the Black notebook, p. 79, the cover name “Teacher” is given for
“Melamed, teacher at a music School in NY.”
In White notebook #1, p. 58, Joseph Melament (“Old Man”) and his
daughter Leah Melament (“Teacher”) are described. Lea Melament is also identified by Boris Morros as an espionage
contact he used in New York. [Boris Morros, My Ten Years as a Counterspy: As
Told to Charles Samuels, assisted by Charles Samuels (New York: Viking
Press, 1959), 47, 50, 55.] The
1930 census shows a Joseph Melement born 1874 in Russia living in Bronx, New
York, with a daughter Leah Melement.
[498] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[499] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 38–41, 71, 79–80, 84; Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret
World, 316–17.
[500] Alexander
Vassiliev, Yellow Notebook #2 [2007 English Translation], trans. Philip
Redko (1993–96), 83.
[501] Misspelled
in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks as Frederick Turrell.
[502]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. Cover name dating based on
Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[503]
Venona 1151 KGB New York to Moscow, 12 August 1944.
[504] Martha
Dodd, Through Embassy Eyes (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company,
1939).
[505] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[506] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 115–16, 127.
[507] In
1938 Ludwig Lore told the journalist Herbert Solow about a Soviet agent
cover-named “Tina.” Solow related this
to Whittaker Chambers, who stated that he also knew “Tina,” and that Lore’s
relationship with “Tina” was a good reason for Chambers, a defector by this
time, to avoid Lore. Weinstein, Perjury [1997], 283.
[508] Pavel
Sudoplatov, et al., Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness, a
Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little, Brown, 1994), 83–89.
[509] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[510] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[511] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[512] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[513] Hede
Massing in her autobiography wrote that in in January or February of 1937, she
and Gerda Frankfurter were assigned to surveil Ludwig Lore by two senior Soviet
intelligence officers, Boris Bazarov (known to her under the work name Fred)
and Bill (a work name used by Iskhak Akhmerov). Another agent, a Russian know to her as Anton, also assisted on
occasion with the surveillance.
Massing, This Deception, 199–205.
[515] U.S.
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities United Nations, pt.
1, 8.
[516] Vassiliev,
Black, 176.
[517]
“Vendor” occurs in a 1945 Venona message as the cover name of Soviet citizen
P.P. Shevvchuk, but he appears to be a KGB security informant on a Soviet ship
docking in the U.S. and is clearly a different “Vendor.”
[518] Vik is used in Russian for both “Vic” and “Vick.” Here rendered as “Vic” when referring to the
familiar nick name for Victor Perlo and rendered as “Vick” as a cover name.
[519] Vik is used in Russian for both “Vic” and “Vick.” Here rendered as “Vic” when referring to the
familiar nick name for Victor Perlo and rendered as “Vick” as a cover name.
[520] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[521] Venona
1020 KGB New York to Moscow, 20 July 1944.
[522] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 28.
[523] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[524] Berle,
“Espionage Agent.”
[525] Andrew
and Mitrokhin, Sword and the Shield, 60; West and Tsarev, Crown
Jewels, 94.
[526] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[527] Testimony
of Frederick Palmer Weber, 21-22 April 1953, U.S. Senate Internal Security
Subcommittee, Interlocking Subversion, part 4, 177.
[528] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 52, 54–55, 57;
Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 312–15; Appendix A,
Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[529]
Candidate for one of the Wheelers named in White #3, p. 60.
[530] Bentley,
“Deposition 1945,” 20, 25–27, 55; Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona
[2000].
[531] Salmon,
David Alden entries in the 1934 and 1935 editions of U.S. Department of State, Register
of the Department of State, July 1, 1934 (Washington, DC: U.S. Govt. Print.
Off, 1934).
[532]
Felix Wolf was one of the professional names of Werner Rakov (sometimes spelled
Rakow, also known as Vladimir Bogdanovich, Vladimir Inkov, Vladimir Borisovich
Kotlov and Nikolay Krebs) (1893 - 14 Sept. 1937). An ethnic German born in Latvia, he was a founding member of
Communist Party of Germany (KPD), a Comintern functionary (1920-1922, GRU
officer in Austria (1922-23) and Germany (1923-24), and the first GRU station
chief in the United States (1925-27) working under the cover of Amtorg and studies
at Columbia University. Expelled from the KPD in 1928 for belonging to
Trotskyite opposition, readmitted in 1929; again expelled in 1933 and
readmitted in 1934. Soviet security
police arrested him on 17 July 1936 and executed him on 14 September 1937.
[533] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[534] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[535] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]; Testimony of George S. Wuchinich, 4
June 1953, U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Interlocking
Subversion, part 11.
[536] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[537] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[538] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[539] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[540] U.S.
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, Activities United Nations, pt.
1, 150–54.
[541]
Appendix A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000]. See “Kant” entries for
overlap with Kant as the cover name for Harry Magdoff in September - December
1944.
[542] Cover
name dating based on Venona 1403 KGB New York to Moscow, 5 October 1944.
[543] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[544] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[545] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].
[546] Appendix
A, Haynes and Klehr, Venona [2000].